%0 Book %A National Academy of Sciences %E Avise, John C. %E Ayala, Francisco J. %T In the Light of Evolution: Volume X: Comparative Phylogeography %@ 978-0-309-44422-4 %D 2017 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/23542/in-the-light-of-evolution-volume-x-comparative-phylogeography %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/23542/in-the-light-of-evolution-volume-x-comparative-phylogeography %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Biology and Life Sciences %P 432 %X Biodiversity--the genetic variety of life--is an exuberant product of the evolutionary past, a vast human-supportive resource (aesthetic, intellectual, and material) of the present, and a rich legacy to cherish and preserve for the future. Two urgent challenges, and opportunities, for 21st-century science are to gain deeper insights into the evolutionary processes that foster biotic diversity, and to translate that understanding into workable solutions for the regional and global crises that biodiversity currently faces. A grasp of evolutionary principles and processes is important in other societal arenas as well, such as education, medicine, sociology, and other applied fields including agriculture, pharmacology, and biotechnology. The ramifications of evolutionary thought also extend into learned realms traditionally reserved for philosophy and religion. The central goal of the In the Light of Evolution (ILE) series is to promote the evolutionary sciences through state-of-the-art colloquia--in the series of Arthur M. Sackler colloquia sponsored by the National Academy of Sciences--and their published proceedings. Each installment explores evolutionary perspectives on a particular biological topic that is scientifically intriguing but also has special relevance to contemporary societal issues or challenges. This tenth and final edition of the In the Light of Evolution series focuses on recent developments in phylogeographic research and their relevance to past accomplishments and future research directions. %0 Book %A National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine %E Weinstein, James N. %E Geller, Amy %E Negussie, Yamrot %E Baciu, Alina %T Communities in Action: Pathways to Health Equity %@ 978-0-309-45296-0 %D 2017 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/24624/communities-in-action-pathways-to-health-equity %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/24624/communities-in-action-pathways-to-health-equity %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Health and Medicine %P 582 %X In the United States, some populations suffer from far greater disparities in health than others. Those disparities are caused not only by fundamental differences in health status across segments of the population, but also because of inequities in factors that impact health status, so-called determinants of health. Only part of an individual's health status depends on his or her behavior and choice; community-wide problems like poverty, unemployment, poor education, inadequate housing, poor public transportation, interpersonal violence, and decaying neighborhoods also contribute to health inequities, as well as the historic and ongoing interplay of structures, policies, and norms that shape lives. When these factors are not optimal in a community, it does not mean they are intractable: such inequities can be mitigated by social policies that can shape health in powerful ways. Communities in Action: Pathways to Health Equity seeks to delineate the causes of and the solutions to health inequities in the United States. This report focuses on what communities can do to promote health equity, what actions are needed by the many and varied stakeholders that are part of communities or support them, as well as the root causes and structural barriers that need to be overcome.