%0 Book %A Transportation Research Board %A National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine %T Airport System Planning Practices %D 2009 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/23041/airport-system-planning-practices %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/23041/airport-system-planning-practices %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Transportation and Infrastructure %P 71 %X TRB's Airport Cooperative Research Program (ACRP) Synthesis 14: Airport System Planning Practices explores the extent to which state aviation agencies and regional planning organizations are involved in airport system planning. The report also examines the type of studies these organizations perform and how successful their efforts have been in meeting the planning process objectives. %0 Book %A Transportation Research Board %A National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine %T Implementable Strategies for Shifting to Direct Usage-Based Charges for Transportation Funding %D 2009 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/23018/implementable-strategies-for-shifting-to-direct-usage-based-charges-for-transportation-funding %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/23018/implementable-strategies-for-shifting-to-direct-usage-based-charges-for-transportation-funding %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Transportation and Infrastructure %P 0 %X TRB's National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Web-Only Document 143: Implementable Strategies for Shifting to Direct Usage-Based Charges for Transportation Funding explores ways that direct charges to road users, based on vehicle-miles of travel (VMT), could be implemented within approximately the next 5 years. %0 Book %A Transportation Research Board %A National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine %T Performance Measurement Framework for Highway Capacity Decision Making %D 2009 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/14255/performance-measurement-framework-for-highway-capacity-decision-making %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/14255/performance-measurement-framework-for-highway-capacity-decision-making %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Transportation and Infrastructure %P 113 %X TRB’s second Strategic Highway Research Program (SHRP 2) Report S2-C02-RR: Performance Measurement Framework for Highway Capacity Decision Making explores a performance measurement framework that is designed to support the collaborative decision-making framework (CDMF) for additions to highway capacity being developed under the SHRP 2 Capacity research program. The report examines five broad areas of performance including transportation, environment, economics, community, and cost. Under these headings, the report identifies 17 performance factors, each of which are linked to key decision points in the CDMF. %0 Book %A National Research Council %T Tackling Marine Debris in the 21st Century %@ 978-0-309-12697-7 %D 2009 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/12486/tackling-marine-debris-in-the-21st-century %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/12486/tackling-marine-debris-in-the-21st-century %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Earth Sciences %P 218 %X Marine debris from ships and other ocean-based sources-including trash and lost fishing gear-contributes to the spoiling of beaches, fouling of surface waters and the seafloor, and harm to marine animals, among other effects. Unfortunately, international conventions and domestic laws intended to control marine debris have not been successful, in part because the laws, as written, provide little incentive to change behavior. This book identifies ways to reduce waste, improve waste disposal at ports, and strengthen the regulatory framework toward a goal of zero waste discharge into the marine environment. Progress will depend on a commitment to sustained funding and appropriate institutional support. The Interagency Marine Debris Coordinating Committee should, through planning and prioritization, target research to understand the sources, fates, and impacts of marine debris. It should support the establishment of scalable and statistically rigorous protocols that allow monitoring at a variety of temporal and spatial scales. These protocols should contain evaluative metrics that allow assessment of progress in marine debris mitigation. The United States, through leadership in the international arena, should provide technical assistance and support for the establishment of additional monitoring and research programs worldwide. %0 Book %A Institute of Medicine %E Ulmer, Cheryl %E McFadden, Bernadette %E Nerenz, David R. %T Race, Ethnicity, and Language Data: Standardization for Health Care Quality Improvement %@ 978-0-309-14012-6 %D 2009 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/12696/race-ethnicity-and-language-data-standardization-for-health-care-quality %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/12696/race-ethnicity-and-language-data-standardization-for-health-care-quality %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Health and Medicine %P 286 %X The goal of eliminating disparities in health care in the United States remains elusive. Even as quality improves on specific measures, disparities often persist. Addressing these disparities must begin with the fundamental step of bringing the nature of the disparities and the groups at risk for those disparities to light by collecting health care quality information stratified by race, ethnicity and language data. Then attention can be focused on where interventions might be best applied, and on planning and evaluating those efforts to inform the development of policy and the application of resources. A lack of standardization of categories for race, ethnicity, and language data has been suggested as one obstacle to achieving more widespread collection and utilization of these data. Race, Ethnicity, and Language Data identifies current models for collecting and coding race, ethnicity, and language data; reviews challenges involved in obtaining these data, and makes recommendations for a nationally standardized approach for use in health care quality improvement. %0 Book %A Transportation Research Board %T Risk of Vessel Accidents and Spills in the Aleutian Islands: Designing a Comprehensive Risk Assessment - Special Report 293 %D 2009 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/12443/risk-of-vessel-accidents-and-spills-in-the-aleutian-islands %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/12443/risk-of-vessel-accidents-and-spills-in-the-aleutian-islands %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Environment and Environmental Studies %P 226 %X TRB Special Report 293, Risk of Vessel Accidents and Spills in the Aleutian Islands: Designing a Comprehensive Risk Assessment, provides guidance for a comprehensive risk assessment of vessel accidents and spills in the Aleutian Islands. The report examines data related to the risk of oil, chemical, and other hazardous cargo spills from vessel traffic through the Aleutian Islands and identifies key information needed to conduct a comprehensive risk assessment. %0 Book %A Transportation Research Board %A National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine %T Institutional Arrangements for Freight Transportation Systems %D 2009 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/14332/institutional-arrangements-for-freight-transportation-systems %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/14332/institutional-arrangements-for-freight-transportation-systems %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Transportation and Infrastructure %P 59 %X TRB’s National Cooperative Freight Research Program (NCFRP) Report 2: Institutional Arrangements for Freight Transportation Systems explores successful and promising institutional arrangements designed to improve freight movement. The report examines 40 guidelines, reflecting lessons learned from existing arrangements, that are designed to help agencies and industry representatives work together to invest in and improve the freight transportation system.Appendices, consisting of a literature review, workshop material, detailed case studies, and interview guide, contained on a CD-ROM (CRP-CD-72), which accompanies the printed version of the report and is available for download as an ISO image online.Links to the ISO image and instructions for burning a CD-ROM from an ISO image are provided below. Help on Burning an .ISO CD-ROM Image Download the .ISO CD-ROM Image(Warning: This is a large and may take some time to download using a high-speed connection. Any software included is offered as is, without warranty or promise of support of any kind either expressed or implied. Under no circumstance will the National Academy of Sciences or the Transportation Research Board (collectively “TRB”) be liable for any loss or damage caused by the installation or operation of this product. TRB makes no representation or warranty of any kind, expressed or implied, in fact or in law, including without limitation, the warranty of merchantability or the warranty of fitness for a particular purpose, and shall not in any case be liable for any consequential or special damages.) %0 Book %A National Research Council %T Urban Stormwater Management in the United States %@ 978-0-309-12539-0 %D 2009 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/12465/urban-stormwater-management-in-the-united-states %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/12465/urban-stormwater-management-in-the-united-states %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Environment and Environmental Studies %P 610 %X The rapid conversion of land to urban and suburban areas has profoundly altered how water flows during and following storm events, putting higher volumes of water and more pollutants into the nation's rivers, lakes, and estuaries. These changes have degraded water quality and habitat in virtually every urban stream system. The Clean Water Act regulatory framework for addressing sewage and industrial wastes is not well suited to the more difficult problem of stormwater discharges. This book calls for an entirely new permitting structure that would put authority and accountability for stormwater discharges at the municipal level. A number of additional actions, such as conserving natural areas, reducing hard surface cover (e.g., roads and parking lots), and retrofitting urban areas with features that hold and treat stormwater, are recommended. %0 Book %A National Research Council %T Review of the Bureau of Reclamation's Corrosion Prevention Standards for Ductile Iron Pipe %@ 978-0-309-13163-6 %D 2009 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/12593/review-of-the-bureau-of-reclamations-corrosion-prevention-standards-for-ductile-iron-pipe %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/12593/review-of-the-bureau-of-reclamations-corrosion-prevention-standards-for-ductile-iron-pipe %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Engineering and Technology %K Transportation and Infrastructure %P 186 %X Ductile iron pipe (DIP) was introduced about 50 years ago as a more economical and better-performing product for water transmission and distribution. As with iron or steel pipes, DIP is subject to corrosion, the rate of which depends on the environment in which the pipe is placed. Corrosion mitigation protocols are employed to slow the corrosion process to an acceptable rate for the application. When to use corrosion mitigation systems, and which system, depends on the corrosivity of the soils in which the pipeline is buried. The Bureau of Reclamation's specification for DIP in highly corrosive soil has been contested by some as an overly stringent requirement, necessitating the pipe to be modified from its as-manufactured state and thereby adding unnecessary cost to a pipeline system. This book evaluates the specifications in question and presents findings and recommendations. Specifically, the authoring committee answers the following questions: Does polyethylene encasement with cathodic protection work on ductile iron pipe installed in highly corrosive soils? Will polyethylene encasement and cathodic protection reliably provide a minimum service life of 50 years? What possible alternative corrosion mitigation methods for DIP would provide a service life of 50 years? %0 Book %A Transportation Research Board %T Implementing the Results of the Second Strategic Highway Research Program: Saving Lives, Reducing Congestion, Improving Quality of Life - Special Report 296 %D 2009 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/12591/implementing-the-results-of-the-second-strategic-highway-research-program %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/12591/implementing-the-results-of-the-second-strategic-highway-research-program %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K %P 183 %X TRB Special Report 296, Implementing the Results of the Second Strategic Highway Research Program (SHRP 2): Saving Lives, Reducing Congestion, Improving Quality of Life explores promising results expected from the SHRP 2 research and provides recommendations on how they could be most effectively implemented. The committee that developed the report believes that the widespread implementation of products developed by SHRP 2 is critical in order to address the nation's roadway safety, renewal, reliability, and capacity issues. %0 Book %A Institute of Medicine %E Hernandez, Lyla M. %T Health Literacy, eHealth, and Communication: Putting the Consumer First: Workshop Summary %@ 978-0-309-12642-7 %D 2009 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/12474/health-literacy-ehealth-and-communication-putting-the-consumer-first-workshop %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/12474/health-literacy-ehealth-and-communication-putting-the-consumer-first-workshop %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Health and Medicine %K Computers and Information Technology %P 126 %X There is great enthusiasm over the use of emerging interactive health information technologies-often referred to as eHealth-and the potential these technologies have to improve the quality, capacity, and efficiency of the health care system. However, many doctors, advocacy groups, policy makers and consumers are concerned that electronic health systems might help individuals and communities with greater resources while leaving behind those with limited access to technology. In order to address this problem, the Institute of Medicine's Roundtable on Health Literacy held a workshop to explore the current status of communication technology, the challenges for its use in populations with low health literacy, and the strategies for increasing the benefit of these technologies for populations with low health literacy. The summary of the workshop, "Health Literacy, eHealth, and Communication: Putting the Consumer First," includes participants' comments on these issues. %0 Book %A Transportation Research Board %A National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine %T Public and Private Sector Interdependence in Freight Transportation Markets %D 2009 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/14285/public-and-private-sector-interdependence-in-freight-transportation-markets %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/14285/public-and-private-sector-interdependence-in-freight-transportation-markets %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Transportation and Infrastructure %P 60 %X TRB’s National Cooperative Freight Research Program (NCFRP) Report 1: Public and Private Sector Interdependence in Freight Transportation Markets is designed as a primer on relationships between public sector and private sector stakeholders in the freight transportation industry. The report explores the freight industry through the use of examples, case studies, and a broad-based examination of the mutually dependent issues facing public and private investment decision makers. %0 Book %A Transportation Research Board %A National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine %T Improving Pedestrian and Motorist Safety Along Light Rail Alignments %D 2009 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/14327/improving-pedestrian-and-motorist-safety-along-light-rail-alignments %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/14327/improving-pedestrian-and-motorist-safety-along-light-rail-alignments %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Transportation and Infrastructure %P 147 %X TRB’s Transit Cooperative Research Program (TCRP) Report 137: Improving Pedestrian and Motorist Safety Along Light Rail Alignments examines pedestrian and motorist behaviors contributing to light rail transit (LRT) safety and explores mitigating measures available designed to improve safety along LRT alignments. The report also includes suggestions to facilitate the compilation of accident data in a coordinated and homogeneous manner across LRT systems. Finally, the report provides a catalog of existing and innovative safety devices, safety treatments, and practices along LRT alignments. Appendices B through E of TCRP Report 137 were published as TCRP Web-Only Document 42. %0 Book %A National Research Council %E Wessner, Charles W. %T An Assessment of the SBIR Program at the National Institutes of Health %@ 978-0-309-10951-2 %D 2009 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/11964/an-assessment-of-the-sbir-program-at-the-national-institutes-of-health %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/11964/an-assessment-of-the-sbir-program-at-the-national-institutes-of-health %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Health and Medicine %K Industry and Labor %P 456 %X The SBIR program allocates 2.5 percent of 11 federal agencies' extramural R&D budgets to fund R&D projects by small businesses, providing approximately $2 billion annually in competitive awards. At the request of Congress the National Academies conducted a comprehensive study of how the SBIR program has stimulated technological innovation and used small businesses to meet federal research and development needs. Drawing substantially on new data collection, this book examines the SBIR program at the National Institutes of Health and makes recommendations for improvements. Separate reports will assess the SBIR program at DOD, NSF, DOE, and NASA, respectively, along with a comprehensive report on the entire program. %0 Book %A Institute of Medicine %T Gulf War and Health: Volume 7: Long-Term Consequences of Traumatic Brain Injury %@ 978-0-309-12408-9 %D 2009 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/12436/gulf-war-and-health-volume-7-long-term-consequences-of %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/12436/gulf-war-and-health-volume-7-long-term-consequences-of %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Health and Medicine %P 396 %X The seventh in a series of congressionally mandated reports on Gulf War veterans health, this volume evaluates traumatic brain injury (TBI) and its association with long-term health affects. That many returning veterans have TBI will likely mean long-term challenges for them and their family members. Further, many veterans will have undiagnosed brain injury because not all TBIs have immediately recognized effects or are easily diagnosed with neuroimaging techniques. In an effort to detail the long term consequences of TBI, the committee read and evaluated some 1,900 studies that made up its literature base, and it developed criteria for inclusion of studies to inform its findings. It is clear that brain injury, whether penetrating or closed, has serious consequences. The committee sought to detail those consequences as clearly as possible and to provide a scientific framework to assist veterans as they return home. %0 Book %A Transportation Research Board %A National Research Council %T Driving and the Built Environment: The Effects of Compact Development on Motorized Travel, Energy Use, and CO2 Emissions -- Special Report 298 %D 2009 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/12747/driving-and-the-built-environment-the-effects-of-compact-development %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/12747/driving-and-the-built-environment-the-effects-of-compact-development %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Transportation and Infrastructure %P 256 %X TRB Special Report 298: Driving and the Built Environment: Effects of Compact Development on Motorized Travel, Energy Use, and CO2 Emissions examines the relationship between land development patterns and vehicle miles traveled (VMT) in the United States to assess whether petroleum use, and by extension greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, could be reduced by changes in the design of development patterns. The report estimates the contributions that changes in residential and mixed-use development patterns and transit investments could make in reducing VMT by 2030 and 2050, and the impact this could have in meeting future transportation-related GHG reduction goals. %0 Book %A Institute of Medicine %E Schaeffer, Leonard D. %E Schultz, Andrea M. %E Salerno, Judith A. %T HHS in the 21st Century: Charting a New Course for a Healthier America %@ 978-0-309-12796-7 %D 2009 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/12513/hhs-in-the-21st-century-charting-a-new-course-for %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/12513/hhs-in-the-21st-century-charting-a-new-course-for %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Health and Medicine %P 310 %X The U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) profoundly affects the lives of all Americans. Its agencies and programs protect against domestic and global health threats, assure the safety of food and drugs, advance the science of preventing and conquering disease, provide safeguards for America's vulnerable populations, and improve health for everyone. However, the department faces serious and complex obstacles, chief among them rising health care costs and a broadening range of health challenges. Over time, additional responsibilities have been layered onto the department, and other responsibilities removed, often without corresponding shifts in positions, procedures, structures, and resources. At the request of the U.S. House of Representatives Committee on Oversight and Government Reform, HHS in the 21st Century assesses whether HHS is "ideally organized" to meet the enduring and emerging health challenges facing our nation. The committee identifies many factors that affect the department's ability to address its range of responsibilities, including divergence in the missions and goals of the department's agencies, limited flexibility in spending, impending workforce shortages, difficulty in retaining skilled professionals, and challenges in effectively partnering with the private sector. %0 Book %A Institute of Medicine %T Initial National Priorities for Comparative Effectiveness Research %@ 978-0-309-13836-9 %D 2009 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/12648/initial-national-priorities-for-comparative-effectiveness-research %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/12648/initial-national-priorities-for-comparative-effectiveness-research %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Health and Medicine %P 252 %X Clinical research presents health care providers with information on the natural history and clinical presentations of disease as well as diagnostic and treatment options. In today's healthcare system, patients, physicians, clinicians and family caregivers often lack the sufficient scientific data and evidence they need to determine the best course of treatment for the patients' medical conditions. Initial National Priorities for Comparative Effectiveness Research(CER) is designed to fill this knowledge gap by assisting patients and healthcare providers across diverse settings in making more informed decisions. In this 2009 report, the Institute of Medicine's Committee on Comparative Effectiveness Research Prioritization establishes a working definition of CER, develops a priority list of research topics, and identifies the necessary requirements to support a robust and sustainable CER enterprise. As part of the 2009 American Recovery and Reinvestment Act, Congress appropriated $1.1 billion in federal support of CER, reflecting legislators' belief that better decisions about the use of health care could improve the public's health and reduce the cost of care. The Committee on Comparative Effectiveness Research Prioritization was successful in preparing a list 100 top priority CER topics and 10 recommendations for best practices in the field. %0 Book %A Transportation Research Board %A National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine %T Funding Options for Freight Transportation Projects %D 2009 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/24702/funding-options-for-freight-transportation-projects %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/24702/funding-options-for-freight-transportation-projects %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Transportation and Infrastructure %P 285 %X TRB’s Special Report 297: Funding Options for Freight Transportation Projects explores ways to pay for projects that expand freight capacity or reduce the costs of freight transportation. The committee that produced the report found that present finance arrangements are inadequate for maintaining and improving freight transportation system performance. The report calls for finance reforms that promote productivity gains by targeting investment to projects with the greatest economic benefit and by encouraging efficient use of facilities. A summary of the report, which was published in the July-August 2010 TR News, is available online. %0 Book %A National Research Council %T Science and Decisions: Advancing Risk Assessment %@ 978-0-309-12046-3 %D 2009 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/12209/science-and-decisions-advancing-risk-assessment %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/12209/science-and-decisions-advancing-risk-assessment %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Policy for Science and Technology %K Health and Medicine %K Environment and Environmental Studies %P 422 %X Risk assessment has become a dominant public policy tool for making choices, based on limited resources, to protect public health and the environment. It has been instrumental to the mission of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) as well as other federal agencies in evaluating public health concerns, informing regulatory and technological decisions, prioritizing research needs and funding, and in developing approaches for cost-benefit analysis. However, risk assessment is at a crossroads. Despite advances in the field, risk assessment faces a number of significant challenges including lengthy delays in making complex decisions; lack of data leading to significant uncertainty in risk assessments; and many chemicals in the marketplace that have not been evaluated and emerging agents requiring assessment. Science and Decisions makes practical scientific and technical recommendations to address these challenges. This book is a complement to the widely used 1983 National Academies book, Risk Assessment in the Federal Government (also known as the Red Book). The earlier book established a framework for the concepts and conduct of risk assessment that has been adopted by numerous expert committees, regulatory agencies, and public health institutions. The new book embeds these concepts within a broader framework for risk-based decision-making. Together, these are essential references for those working in the regulatory and public health fields.