@BOOK{NAP author = "National Research Council", editor = "Garry D. Brewer and Paul C. Stern", title = "Decision Making for the Environment: Social and Behavioral Science Research Priorities", isbn = "978-0-309-09540-2", abstract = "With the growing number, complexity, and importance of environmental problems come demands to include a full range of intellectual disciplines and scholarly traditions to help define and eventually manage such problems more effectively. Decision Making for the Environment: Social and Behavioral Science Research Priorities is the result of a 2-year effort by 12 social and behavioral scientists, scholars, and practitioners. The report sets research priorities for the social and behavioral sciences as they relate to several different kinds of environmental problems. ", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/11186/decision-making-for-the-environment-social-and-behavioral-science-research", year = 2005, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "Transportation Research Board and National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine", title = "TravelMatters: Mitigating Climate Change with Sustainable Surface Transportation", abstract = "TRB\u2019s Transit Cooperative Research Program (TCRP) Web Document 26: TravelMatters: Mitigating Climate Change with Sustainable Surface Transportation reviews TCRP Project H-21: Combating Global Warming with Sustainable Surface Transportation Policy, which created a research report (TCRP Report 93) and TravelMatters Website with information for individuals and transit agencies on the greenhouse gas reduction potential of the public transportation sector. The report also summarizes TCRP Project H-21A, which encourages better decision making by enabling transit professionals and the public to consider both the greenhouse gas and criteria air pollutant impacts of transit planning decisions. ", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/21968/travelmatters-mitigating-climate-change-with-sustainable-surface-transportation", year = 2005, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "National Academy of Sciences and National Academy of Engineering and Institute of Medicine", title = "Facilitating Interdisciplinary Research", isbn = "978-0-309-09435-1", abstract = "Facilitating Interdisciplinary Research examines current interdisciplinary research efforts and recommends ways to stimulate and support such research. \n\nAdvances in science and engineering increasingly require the collaboration of scholars from various fields. This shift is driven by the need to address complex problems that cut across traditional disciplines, and the capacity of new technologies to both transform existing disciplines and generate new ones. At the same time, however, interdisciplinary research can be impeded by policies on hiring, promotion, tenure, proposal review, and resource allocation that favor traditional disciplines.\n\nThis report identifies steps that researchers, teachers, students, institutions, funding organizations, and disciplinary societies can take to more effectively conduct, facilitate, and evaluate interdisciplinary research programs and projects. Throughout the report key concepts are illustrated with case studies and results of the committee\u2019s surveys of individual researchers and university provosts. \n", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/11153/facilitating-interdisciplinary-research", year = 2005, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "National Research Council", title = "Communicating Toxicogenomics Information to Nonexperts: A Workshop Summary", isbn = "978-0-309-09538-9", abstract = "Toxicogenomics, the study of how genomes respond to exposure to toxicants, may ultimately hold the promise of detecting changes in the expression of a person's genes if he or she is exposed to these toxicants. As the\ntechnology rapidly develops, it is critical that scientists and the public communicate about the promises and limitations of this new field. Communicating technical information to the public about a developing science can be challenging, particularly when the applications of that science are not yet well understood.\nCommunicating Toxicogenomics Information to Nonexperts is the summary of a workshop designed to consider strategies for communicating toxicogenomic information to the public and other non- expert audiences, specifically addressing the communication of some key social, ethical, and legal issues related to toxicogenomics and addressing how information related to the social implications of toxicogenomics might be perceived by nonexperts.", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/11179/communicating-toxicogenomics-information-to-nonexperts-a-workshop-summary", year = 2005, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "Transportation Research Board and National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine", title = "Integrated Roadside Vegetation Management", abstract = "TRB\u2019s National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Synthesis 341: Integrated Roadside Vegetation Management examines the incorporation of integrated roadside vegetation management decision-making processes into highway project planning, design, construction, and maintenance. The report also documents existing roadside vegetation management research and practice.", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/23323/integrated-roadside-vegetation-management", year = 2005, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "National Research Council", title = "Regional Cooperation for Water Quality Improvement in Southwestern Pennsylvania", isbn = "978-0-309-09524-2", abstract = "The city of Pittsburgh and surrounding area of southwestern Pennsylvania face complex water quality problems, due in large part to aging wastewater infrastructures that cannot handle sewer overflows and stormwater runoff, especially during wet weather. Other problems such as acid mine drainage are a legacy of the region's past coal mining, heavy industry, and manufacturing economy. Currently, water planning and management in southwestern Pennsylvania is highly fragmented; federal and state governments, 11 counties, hundreds of municipalities, and other entities all play roles, but with little coordination or cooperation. The report finds that a comprehensive, watershed-based approach is needed to effectively meet water quality standards throughout the region in the most cost-effective manner. The report outlines both technical and institutional alternatives to consider in the development and implementation of such an approach.", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/11196/regional-cooperation-for-water-quality-improvement-in-southwestern-pennsylvania", year = 2005, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "National Research Council", title = "Linkages: Manufacturing Trends in Electronic Interconnection Technology", isbn = "978-0-309-10034-2", abstract = "Over the past two decades, the Department of Defense has been moving toward commercial-military integration for manufacturing, while at the same time, the printed circuit board industry has been moving steadily\noffshore. Today, many in DoD, the U.S. Congress, and the federal government lack a clear understanding of the importance of high-quality, trustworthy printed circuit boards (PrCBs) for properly functioning\nweapons and other defense systems and components. To help develop this understanding, DOD requested the NRC to identify and assess the key issues affecting PrCBs for military use. This report presents a discussion of how to ensure DOD's access to reliable printed circuits; an assessment of its vulnerability to the global printed circuit supply chain; and suggestions about ways to secure the design and manufacture\nof printed circuits. In addition, this report offers recommendations to help DoD (1) preserve existing systems' capabilities, (2) improve the military's access to currently available PrCBs, and (3) ensure access to future PrCB technology. The recommendations reflect the need to achieve\nthese goals at reasonable cost and in concert with evolving environmental regulations.", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/11515/linkages-manufacturing-trends-in-electronic-interconnection-technology", year = 2005, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "National Research Council", editor = "M. Suzanne Donovan and John D. Bransford", title = "How Students Learn: Mathematics in the Classroom", isbn = "978-0-309-08949-4", abstract = "How Students Learn: Mathematics in the Classroom builds on the discoveries detailed in the best-selling How People Learn. Now these findings are presented in a way that teachers can use immediately, to revitalize their work in the classroom for even greater effectiveness.\nThis book shows how to overcome the difficulties in teaching math to generate real insight and reasoning in math students. It also features illustrated suggestions for classroom activities.", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/11101/how-students-learn-mathematics-in-the-classroom", year = 2005, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "National Research Council", title = "The Science of Instream Flows: A Review of the Texas Instream Flow Program", isbn = "978-0-309-09566-2", abstract = "Across the United States, municipalities, counties, and states grapple with issues of ensuring adequate amounts of water in times of high demand and low supply. Instream flow programs aim to balance ecosystem requirements and human uses of water, and try to determine how much water should be in rivers. With its range of river and ecosystem conditions, growing population, and high demands on water, Texas is representative of instream flow challenges across the United States, and its instream flow program may be a model for other jurisdictions. Three state agencies\u2014the Texas Water Development Board (TWDB), the Texas Parks and Wildlife Department (TPWD), and the Texas Commission on Environmental Quality (TCEQ)\u2014asked a committee of the National Research Council (NRC) to review the Programmatic Work Plan (PWP) and Technical Overview Document (TOD) that outline the state\u2019s instream flow initiative. The committee suggested several changes to the proposed plan, such as establishing clearer goals, modifying the flow chart that outlines the necessary steps for conducting an instream flow study, and provide better linkages between individual studies of biology, hydrology and hydraulics, physical processes, and water quality. ", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/11197/the-science-of-instream-flows-a-review-of-the-texas", year = 2005, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "National Research Council and Institute of Medicine", editor = "Bernard Lo and Mary Ellen O'Connell", title = "Ethical Considerations for Research on Housing-Related Health Hazards Involving Children", isbn = "978-0-309-09726-0", abstract = "Ethical Considerations for Research on Housing-Related Health Hazards Involving Children\nexplores the ethical issues posed when conducting research designed to identify,\nunderstand, or ameliorate housing-related health hazards among children. Such\nresearch involves children as subjects and is conducted in the home and in communities.\nIt is often conducted with children in low-income families given the disproportionate\nprevalence of housing-related conditions such as lead poisoning, asthma,\nand fatal injuries among these children. This book emphasizes five key elements to\naddress the particular ethical concerns raised by these characteristics: involving the\naffected community in the research and responding to their concerns; ensuring that\nparents understand the essential elements of the research; adopting uniform federal\nguidelines for such research by all sponsors (Subpart D of 45 CFR 46); providing guidance\non key terms in the regulations; and viewing research oversight as a system with\nimportant roles for researchers, IRBs and their research institutions, sponsors and regulators\nof research, and the community.\n", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/11450/ethical-considerations-for-research-on-housing-related-health-hazards-involving-children", year = 2005, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "National Research Council", editor = "Barbara Entwisle and Paul C. Stern", title = "Population, Land Use, and Environment: Research Directions", isbn = "978-0-309-09655-3", abstract = "Population, Land Use, and Environment: Research Directions offers recommendations\nfor future research to improve understanding of how changes in human populations\naffect the natural environment by means of changes in land use, such as deforestation,\nurban development, and development of coastal zones. It also features a set\nof state-of-the-art papers by leading researchers that analyze population-land useenvironment\nrelationships in urban and rural settings in developed and underdeveloped\ncountries and that show how remote sensing and other observational methods\nare being applied to these issues. This book will serve as a resource for researchers,\nresearch funders, and students.", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/11439/population-land-use-and-environment-research-directions", year = 2005, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "National Research Council", editor = "M. Suzanne Donovan and John D. Bransford", title = "How Students Learn: History, Mathematics, and Science in the Classroom", isbn = "978-0-309-07433-9", abstract = "How do you get a fourth-grader excited about history? How do you even begin to persuade high school students that mathematical functions are relevant to their everyday lives? In this volume, practical questions that confront every classroom teacher are addressed using the latest exciting research on cognition, teaching, and learning. \nHow Students Learn: History, Mathematics, and Science in the Classroom builds on the discoveries detailed in the bestselling How People Learn. Now, these findings are presented in a way that teachers can use immediately, to revitalize their work in the classroom for even greater effectiveness. \nOrganized for utility, the book explores how the principles of learning can be applied in teaching history, science, and math topics at three levels: elementary, middle, and high school. Leading educators explain in detail how they developed successful curricula and teaching approaches, presenting strategies that serve as models for curriculum development and classroom instruction. Their recounting of personal teaching experiences lends strength and warmth to this volume. \nThe book explores the importance of balancing students' knowledge of historical fact against their understanding of concepts, such as change and cause, and their skills in assessing historical accounts. It discusses how to build straightforward science experiments into true understanding of scientific principles. And it shows how to overcome the difficulties in teaching math to generate real insight and reasoning in math students. It also features illustrated suggestions for classroom activities. \nHow Students Learn offers a highly useful blend of principle and practice. It will be important not only to teachers, administrators, curriculum designers, and teacher educators, but also to parents and the larger community concerned about children's education.\n", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/10126/how-students-learn-history-mathematics-and-science-in-the-classroom", year = 2005, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "National Research Council", title = "Strategic Guidance for the National Science Foundation's Support of the Atmospheric Sciences: An Interim Report", isbn = "978-0-309-10008-3", abstract = "The National Science Foundation's Division of Atmospheric Sciences (ATM) supports research to develop new understanding of the Earth's atmosphere and how the Sun impacts it. Strategic Guidance for the National Science Foundation's Support of the Atmospheric Sciences: An Interim Report provides preliminary guidance to ATM on its strategy for achieving its goals in the atmospheric sciences, including cutting-edge research, education, and workforce development; service to society; computational and observational objectives; and data management. The book reviews how the atmospheric sciences have evolved over the past several decades and analyzes the strengths and limitations of the various modes of support employed by ATM, such as principal investigator grants, small and large centers, and cooperative agreements to support observing or computational facilities. Based on this preliminary analysis, the book concludes that the current support reflects the current needs of the community. Given the changing research environment for the atmospheric sciences, the book recommends that ATM engage the community in the development of a strategic plan to enable determination of the appropriate balance of activities and modes of support into the future. A strategic planning process will also help ATM plan for large or long-term investments; facilitate appropriate allocation of resources to cross-disciplinary, interagency, and international research efforts; ensure that the United States will continue to be a leader in atmospheric research; and enhance the transparency of the rationale behind ATM decisions. ", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/11454/strategic-guidance-for-the-national-science-foundations-support-of-the-atmospheric-sciences", year = 2005, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "Transportation Research Board and National Research Council", title = "Assessing and Managing the Ecological Impacts of Paved Roads", isbn = "978-0-309-10088-5", abstract = "All phases of road development\u2014from construction and use by vehicles to maintenance\u2014affect physical and chemical soil conditions, water flow, and air and water quality, as well as plants and animals. Roads and traffic can alter wildlife habitat, cause vehicle-related mortality, impede animal migration, and disperse nonnative pest species of plants and animals. Integrating environmental considerations into all phases of transportation is an important, evolving process. The increasing awareness of environmental issues has made road development more complex and controversial. Over the past two decades, the Federal Highway Administration and state transportation agencies have increasingly recognized the importance of the effects of transportation on the natural environment. This report provides guidance on ways to reconcile the different goals of road development and environmental conservation. It identifies the ecological effects of roads that can be evaluated in the planning, design, construction, and maintenance of roads and offers several recommendations to help better understand and manage ecological impacts of paved roads.\n", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/11535/assessing-and-managing-the-ecological-impacts-of-paved-roads", year = 2005, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "National Research Council", title = "The Geological Record of Ecological Dynamics: Understanding the Biotic Effects of Future Environmental Change", isbn = "978-0-309-09580-8", abstract = "In order to answer important questions about ecosystems and biodiversity, scientists can look to the past geological record\u2014which includes fossils, sediment and ice cores, and tree rings. Because of recent advances in earth scientists\u2019 ability to analyze biological and environmental information from geological data, the National Science Foundation and the U.S. Geological Survey asked a National Research Council (NRC) committee to assess the scientific opportunities provided by the geologic record and recommend how scientists can take advantage of these opportunities for the nation\u2019s benefit. The committee identified three initiatives for future research to be developed over the next decade: (1) use the geological record as a \u201cnatural laboratory\u201d to explore changes in living things under a range of past conditions, (2) use the record to better predict the response of biological systems to climate change, and (3) use geologic information to evaluate the effects of human and non-human factors on ecosystems. The committee also offered suggestions for improving the field through better training, improved databases, and additional funding. ", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/11209/the-geological-record-of-ecological-dynamics-understanding-the-biotic-effects", year = 2005, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "Institute of Medicine and National Research Council", editor = "William H. Hooke and Paul G. Rogers", title = "Public Health Risks of Disasters: Communication, Infrastructure, and Preparedness: Workshop Summary", isbn = "978-0-309-09542-6", abstract = "The National Research Council's Disasters Roundtable and the Institute of Medicine's Roundtable on Environmental Health Sciences, Research, and Medicine were established as mechanisms for bringing various stakeholders together to discuss timely issues in a neutral setting. The goal was not to resolve these issues, but to create an environment conducive to scientific debate. The members of the respective Roundtables comprise representatives from academia, industry, nongovernmental agencies, and government, whose perspectives range widely and represent the diverse viewpoints of researchers, federal officials, and public interest. This report is the summary of a workshop was convened by the two Roundtables as a contribution to the debate on the health risks of disasters and the related need to build capacity to deal with them. The meeting was strengthened by integrating perspectives from these two fields, so that the agenda represented information from both communities and provided an opportunity to look at some of the most pressing research and preparedness needs for health risks of disasters.", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/11201/public-health-risks-of-disasters-communication-infrastructure-and-preparedness-workshop", year = 2005, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "National Academy of Engineering", title = "Educating the Engineer of 2020: Adapting Engineering Education to the New Century", isbn = "978-0-309-09649-2", abstract = "Educating the Engineer of 2020 is grounded by the observations, questions,\nand conclusions presented in the best-selling book The Engineer of 2020:\nVisions of Engineering in the New Century. This new book offers recommendations\non how to enrich and broaden engineering education so graduates\nare better prepared to work in a constantly changing global economy. It\nnotes the importance of improving recruitment and retention of students\nand making the learning experience more meaningful to them. It also discusses\nthe value of considering changes in engineering education in the\nbroader context of enhancing the status of the engineering profession and\nimproving the public understanding of engineering. Although certain basics\nof engineering will not change in the future, the explosion of knowledge,\nthe global economy, and the way engineers work will reflect an ongoing\nevolution. If the United States is to maintain its economic leadership and be\nable to sustain its share of high-technology jobs, it must prepare for this\nwave of change.", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/11338/educating-the-engineer-of-2020-adapting-engineering-education-to-the", year = 2005, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP editor = "Susan Okie", title = "Fed Up!: Winning the War Against Childhood Obesity", isbn = "978-0-309-09310-1", abstract = "Once dismissed by the medical profession as a purely cosmetic problem, obesity now ranks second only to smoking as a wholly preventable cause of death. Indeed, it's implicated in 300,000 deaths each year and is a major contributor to heart disease, diabetes, high blood pressure, high cholesterol, and depression. Even conservative estimates show that 15% of all children are now considered to be overweight--worldwide there are 22 million kids under five years old that are defined as fat.\nSupersized portions, unhealthy diets, and too little physical activity certainly contribute to what's making kids 'fat.' But that's not the whole story. Researchers are at a loss to explain why obesity rates have risen so suddenly and so steeply in the closing decades of the 20th century. But head out to the beaches, playgrounds, and amusement parks, and it's obvious that overweight children are more numerous and conspicuous.\nWe see it in our neighborhoods and we read it in the headlines. Our nation--indeed the world--is in crisis. But knowledge is power and it's time to arm ourselves in the battle to win the war on obesity. Fed Up! is just what the doctor ordered. Based in part on the Institute of Medicine's ground-breaking report on childhood obesity, this new book from family physician and journalist Susan Okie provides in-depth background on the issue; shares heartrending but instructive case studies that illustrate just how serious and widespread the problem is; and gives honest, authoritative, science-based advice that constitute our best weapons in this critical battle.", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/11023/fed-up-winning-the-war-against-childhood-obesity", year = 2005, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "National Research Council", title = "Valuing Ecosystem Services: Toward Better Environmental Decision-Making", isbn = "978-0-309-09318-7", abstract = "Nutrient recycling, habitat for plants and animals, flood control, and water supply are among the many beneficial services provided by aquatic ecosystems. In making decisions about human activities, such as draining a wetland for a housing development, it is essential to consider both the value of the development and the value of the ecosystem services that could be lost. Despite a growing recognition of the importance of ecosystem services, their value is often overlooked in environmental decision-making. This report identifies methods for assigning economic value to ecosystem services\u2014even intangible ones\u2014and calls for greater collaboration between ecologists and economists in such efforts. ", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/11139/valuing-ecosystem-services-toward-better-environmental-decision-making", year = 2005, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "Transportation Research Board and National Research Council", title = "Review of the Research Program of the FreedomCAR and Fuel Partnership: First Report", isbn = "978-0-309-09730-7", abstract = "The FreedomCAR and Fuel Partnership is a collaborative effort among the Department of Energy (DOE), the U.S. Council for Automotive Research (USCAR), and five major energy companies to manage research that will enable the vision of \"a clean and sustainable transportation energy future.\" It envisions a transition from more efficient internal combustion engines (ICEs), to advanced ICE hybrid electric vehicles, to enabling a private-sector decision by 2015 on hydrogen-fueled vehicle development. This report, which builds on an earlier NRC report, The Hydrogen Economy: Opportunities, Costs, Barriers, and R&D Needs, presents an evaluation of the Partnership\u2019s research efforts on hydrogen-fueled transportation systems, and provides findings and recommendations about technical directions, strategies, funding, and management.", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/11406/review-of-the-research-program-of-the-freedomcar-and-fuel-partnership", year = 2005, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" }