@BOOK{NAP author = "National Research Council", editor = "Judith Anderson Koenig and Lyle F. Bachman", title = "Keeping Score for All: The Effects of Inclusion and Accommodation Policies on Large-Scale Educational Assessments", isbn = "978-0-309-09253-1", abstract = "U.S. public schools are responsible for educating large numbers of English language\nlearners and students with disabilities. This book considers policies for including students\nwith disabilities and English language learners in assessment programs.\nIt also examines the research findings on testing accommodations and their effect\non test performance.\n\nKeeping Score for All discusses the comparability of states\u2019 policies with each other\nand with the National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP) policies and\nexplores the impact of these differences on the interpretations of NAEP results. The\nbook presents a critical review of the research literature and makes suggestions for\nfuture research to evaluate the validity of test scores obtained under accommodated\nconditions. The book concludes by proposing a new framework for conceptualizing\naccommodations. This framework would be useful both for policymakers, test\ndesigners, and practitioners in determining appropriate accommodations for specific\nassessments and for researchers in planning validity studies.\n", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/11029/keeping-score-for-all-the-effects-of-inclusion-and-accommodation", year = 2004, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "National Research Council", title = "Redesigning the U.S. Naturalization Tests: Interim Report", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/11168/redesigning-the-us-naturalization-tests-interim-report", year = 2004, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "National Research Council and Institute of Medicine", title = "Engaging Schools: Fostering High School Students' Motivation to Learn", isbn = "978-0-309-08435-2", abstract = "When it comes to motivating people to learn, disadvantaged urban adolescents are usually perceived as a hard sell. Yet, in a recent MetLife survey, 89 percent of the low-income students claimed \u201cI really want to learn\u201d applied to them.\nWhat is it about the school environment\u2014pedagogy, curriculum, climate, organization\u2014that encourages or discourages engagement in school activities? How do peers, family, and community affect adolescents\u2019 attitudes towards learning? Engaging Schools reviews current research on what shapes adolescents\u2019 school engagement and motivation to learn\u2014including new findings on students\u2019 sense of belonging\u2014and looks at ways these can be used to reform urban high schools. \nThis book discusses what changes hold the greatest promise for increasing students\u2019 motivation to learn in these schools. It looks at various approaches to reform through different methods of instruction and assessment, adjustments in school size, vocational teaching, and other key areas. Examples of innovative schools, classrooms, and out-of-school programs that have proved successful in getting high school kids excited about learning are also included. \n", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/10421/engaging-schools-fostering-high-school-students-motivation-to-learn", year = 2004, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "Institute of Medicine", editor = "Lynn Nielsen-Bohlman and Allison M. Panzer and David A. Kindig", title = "Health Literacy: A Prescription to End Confusion", isbn = "978-0-309-28332-8", abstract = "To maintain their own health and the health of their families and communities, consumers rely heavily on the health information that is available to them. This information is at the core of the partnerships that patients and their families forge with today\u2019s complex modern health systems. This information may be provided in a variety of forms \u2013 ranging from a discussion between a patient and a health care provider to a health promotion advertisement, a consent form, or one of many other forms of health communication common in our society. Yet millions of Americans cannot understand or act upon this information. To address this problem, the field of health literacy brings together research and practice from diverse fields including education, health services, and social and cultural sciences, and the many organizations whose actions can improve or impede health literacy.\n \nHealth Literacy: Prescription to End Confusion examines the body of knowledge that applies to the field of health literacy, and recommends actions to promote a health literate society. By examining the extent of limited health literacy and the ways to improve it, we can improve the health of individuals and populations.\n\n\n", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/10883/health-literacy-a-prescription-to-end-confusion", year = 2004, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "National Research Council", editor = "M. Suzanne Donovan and James W. Pellegrino", title = "Learning and Instruction: A SERP Research Agenda", isbn = "978-0-309-09081-0", abstract = "The Strategic Education Research Partnership\n(SERP) is a bold, ambitious plan that proposes a\nrevolutionary program of education research and\ndevelopment. Its purpose is to construct a powerful\nknowledge base, derived from both research\nand practice, that will support the efforts of teachers,\nschool administrators, colleges of education,\nand policy officials\u2014with the ultimate goal of significantly\nimproving student learning. The proposals\nin this book have the potential to substantially\nimprove the knowledge base that supports teaching\nand learning by pursuing answers to questions\nat the core of teaching practices. It calls for the\nlinking of research and development, including\ninstructional programs, assessment tools, teacher\neducation programs, and materials. Best of all, the\nbook provides a solid framework for a program of\nresearch and development that will be genuinely\nuseful to classroom teachers.\n", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/10858/learning-and-instruction-a-serp-research-agenda", year = 2004, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "National Research Council", editor = "Michele Ver Ploeg and Edward Perrin", title = "Eliminating Health Disparities: Measurement and Data Needs", isbn = "978-0-309-09231-9", abstract = "Disparities in health and health care across racial, ethnic, and socioeconomic backgrounds in the United States are well documented. The reasons for these disparities are, however, not well understood. Current data available on race, ethnicity, SEP, and accumulation and language use are severely limited. The report examines data collection and reporting systems relating to the collection of data on race, ethnicity, and socioeconomic position and offers recommendations.", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/10979/eliminating-health-disparities-measurement-and-data-needs", year = 2004, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "Institute of Medicine", title = "Gulf War and Health: Updated Literature Review of Sarin", isbn = "978-0-309-09294-4", abstract = "The Gulf War in 1990-1991 was considered a brief and successful military operation, with few injuries or deaths of US troops. The war began in August 1990, and the last US ground troops returned home by June 1991. Although most Gulf War veterans resumed their normal activities, many soon began reporting a variety of nonexplained health problems that they attributed to their participation in the Gulf War, including chronic fatigue, muscle and joint pain, loss of concentration, forgetfulness, headache, and rash. Because of concerns about the veterans' health problems, the Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) requested that the Institute of Medicine (IOM) review the scientific and medical literature on the long-term adverse health effects of agents to which the Gulf War veterans may have been exposed. This report is a broad overview of the toxicology of sarin and cyclosarin. It assesses the biologic plausibility with respect to the compounds in question and health effects.", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/11064/gulf-war-and-health-updated-literature-review-of-sarin", year = 2004, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "National Research Council", editor = "Julie M. Esanu and Paul F. Uhlir", title = "Open Access and the Public Domain in Digital Data and Information for Science: Proceedings of an International Symposium", isbn = "978-0-309-09145-9", abstract = "This symposium, which was held on March 10-11, 2003, at UNESCO headquarters in Paris, brought together policy experts and managers from the government and academic sectors in both developed and developing countries to (1) describe the role, value, and limits that the public domain and open access to digital data and information have in the context of international research; (2) identify and analyze the various legal, economic, and technological pressures on the public domain in digital data and information, and their potential effects on international research; and (3) review the existing and proposed approaches for preserving and promoting the public domain and open access to scientific and technical data and information on a global basis, with particular attention to the needs of developing countries.", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/11030/open-access-and-the-public-domain-in-digital-data-and-information-for-science", year = 2004, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "Transportation Research Board and National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine", title = "Individual Differences and the "High-Risk" Commercial Driver", abstract = "TRB's Commercial Truck and Bus Safety Synthesis Program (CTBSSP) Synthesis 4: Individual Differences and the \u201cHigh-Risk\u201d Commercial Driver explores individual differences among commercial drivers, particularly as these differences relate to the \u201chigh-risk\u201d commercial driver. The synthesis identifies factors relating to commercial vehicle crash risk and assesses ways that the high-risk driver can be targeted by various safety programs and practices, at both fleet- and industry-wide levels.", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/13770/individual-differences-and-the-high-risk-commercial-driver", year = 2004, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "National Academy of Sciences", title = "Biographical Memoirs: Volume 84", isbn = "978-0-309-08957-9", abstract = "Biographic Memoirs Volume 84 contains the biographies of deceased members of the National Academy of Sciences and bibliographies of their published works. Each biographical essay was written by a member of the Academy familiar with the professional career of the deceased. For historical and bibliographical purposes, these volumes are worth returning to time and again. ", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/10992/biographical-memoirs-volume-84", year = 2004, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "Institute of Medicine", editor = "Marilyn J. Field and Richard E. Behrman", title = "Ethical Conduct of Clinical Research Involving Children", isbn = "978-0-309-09181-7", abstract = "In recent decades, advances in biomedical research have helped save or\nlengthen the lives of children around the world. With improved therapies,\nchild and adolescent mortality rates have decreased significantly in the last\nhalf century. Despite these advances, pediatricians and others argue that\nchildren have not shared equally with adults in biomedical advances. Even\nthough we want children to benefit from the dramatic and accelerating\nrate of progress in medical care that has been fueled by scientific research,\nwe do not want to place children at risk of being harmed by participating\nin clinical studies.\nEthical Conduct of Clinical Research Involving Children considers the necessities\nand challenges of this type of research and reviews the ethical and\nlegal standards for conducting it. It also considers problems with the interpretation\nand application of these standards and conduct, concluding that\nwhile children should not be excluded from potentially beneficial clinical\nstudies, some research that is ethically permissible for adults is not acceptable\nfor children, who usually do not have the legal capacity or maturity to\nmake informed decisions about research participation. The book looks at\nthe need for appropriate pediatric expertise at all stages of the design,\nreview, and conduct of a research project to effectively implement policies\nto protect children. It argues persuasively that a robust system for protecting\nhuman research participants in general is a necessary foundation for\nprotecting child research participants in particular.\n \n", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/10958/ethical-conduct-of-clinical-research-involving-children", year = 2004, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "National Research Council", editor = "Daniel L. Cork and Michael L. Cohen and Benjamin F. King", title = "Reengineering the 2010 Census: Risks and Challenges", isbn = "978-0-309-09189-3", abstract = "At the request of the U.S. Census Bureau, the National Research Council\u2019s\nCommittee on National Statistics established the Panel on Research on Future\nCensus Methods to review the early planning process for the 2010 census. This new\nreport documents the panel\u2019s strong support for the major aims of the Census\nBureau\u2019s emerging plan for 2010. At the same time, it notes the considerable challenges\nthat must be overcome if the bureau\u2019s innovations are to be successful. The\npanel agrees with the Census Bureau that implementation of the American\nCommunity Survey and, with it, the separation of the long form from the census\nprocess are excellent concepts. Moreover, it concurs that the critically important\nMaster Address File and TIGER geographic systems are in dire need of comprehensive\nupdating and that new technologies have the potential to improve the accuracy\nof the count. The report identifies the risks and rewards of these and other components\nof the Census Bureau\u2019s plan. The report emphasizes the need for the bureau to\nlink its research and evaluation efforts much more closely to operational planning\nand the importance of funding for a comprehensive and rigorous testing program\nbefore 2010.\n", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/10959/reengineering-the-2010-census-risks-and-challenges", year = 2004, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "National Academy of Engineering", editor = "James R. Phimister and Vicki M. Bier and Howard C. Kunreuther", title = "Accident Precursor Analysis and Management: Reducing Technological Risk Through Diligence", isbn = "978-0-309-09216-6", abstract = "In the aftermath of catastrophes, it is common to find prior indicators, missed signals, and dismissed alerts that, had they been recognized and appropriately managed before the event, could have resulted in the undesired event being averted. These indicators are typically called \"precursors.\" Accident Precursor Analysis and Management: Reducing Technological Risk Through Diligence documents various industrial and academic approaches to detecting, analyzing, and benefiting from accident precursors and examines public-sector and private-sector roles in the collection and use of precursor information. The book includes the analysis, findings and recommendations of the authoring NAE committee as well as eleven individually authored background papers on the opportunity of precursor analysis and management, risk assessment, risk management, and linking risk assessment and management.", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/11061/accident-precursor-analysis-and-management-reducing-technological-risk-through-diligence", year = 2004, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "Institute of Medicine", editor = "Brian D. Smedley and Adrienne Stith Butler and Lonnie R. Bristow", title = "In the Nation's Compelling Interest: Ensuring Diversity in the Health-Care Workforce", isbn = "978-0-309-09125-1", abstract = "The United States is rapidly transforming into one of the most racially and ethnically diverse nations in the world. Groups commonly referred to as minorities--including Asian Americans, Pacific Islanders, African Americans, Hispanics, American Indians, and Alaska Natives--are the fastest growing segments of the population and emerging as the nation's majority. Despite the rapid growth of racial and ethnic minority groups, their representation among the nation\u2019s health professionals has grown only modestly in the past 25 years. This alarming disparity has prompted the recent creation of initiatives to increase diversity in health professions.\n\nIn the Nation's Compelling Interest considers the benefits of greater racial and ethnic diversity, and identifies institutional and policy-level mechanisms to garner broad support among health professions leaders, community members, and other key stakeholders to implement these strategies. Assessing the potential benefits of greater racial and ethnic diversity among health professionals will improve the access to and quality of healthcare for all Americans. \n", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/10885/in-the-nations-compelling-interest-ensuring-diversity-in-the-health", year = 2004, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "National Research Council", editor = "Jere Confrey and Vicki Stohl", title = "On Evaluating Curricular Effectiveness: Judging the Quality of K-12 Mathematics Evaluations", isbn = "978-0-309-09242-5", abstract = "This book reviews the evaluation research literature that has accumulated around 19 K-12 mathematics curricula and breaks new ground in framing an ambitious and rigorous approach to curriculum evaluation that has relevance beyond mathematics. The committee that produced this book consisted of mathematicians, mathematics educators, and methodologists who began with the following charge:\n\n Evaluate the quality of the evaluations of the thirteen National Science Foundation (NSF)-supported and six commercially generated mathematics curriculum materials;\n Determine whether the available data are sufficient for evaluating the efficacy of these materials, and if not;\n Develop recommendations about the design of a project that could result in the generation of more reliable and valid data for evaluating such materials.\n\n The committee collected, reviewed, and classified almost 700 studies, solicited expert testimony during two workshops, developed an evaluation framework, established dimensions\/criteria for three methodologies (content analyses, comparative studies, and case studies), drew conclusions on the corpus of studies, and made recommendations for future research.", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/11025/on-evaluating-curricular-effectiveness-judging-the-quality-of-k-12", year = 2004, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "National Research Council", editor = "Constance F. Citro and Daniel L. Cork and Janet L. Norwood", title = "The 2000 Census: Counting Under Adversity", isbn = "978-0-309-09141-1", abstract = "The decennial census was the federal government\u2019s largest and most complex\npeacetime operation. This report of a panel of the National Research Council\u2019s\nCommittee on National Statistics comprehensively reviews the conduct of the 2000\ncensus and the quality of the resulting data. The panel\u2019s findings cover the planning\nprocess for 2000, which was marked by an atmosphere of intense controversy about\nthe proposed role of statistical techniques in the census enumeration and possible\nadjustment for errors in counting the population. The report addresses the success\nand problems of major innovations in census operations, the completeness of population\ncoverage in 2000, and the quality of both the basic demographic data collected\nfrom all census respondents and the detailed socioeconomic data collected from\nthe census long-form sample (about one-sixth of the population). The panel draws\ncomparisons with the 1990 experience and recommends improvements in the planning\nprocess and design for 2010. The 2000 Census: Counting Under Adversity will be\nan invaluable resource for users of the 2000 data and for policymakers and census\nplanners. It provides a trove of information about the issues that have fueled debate\nabout the census process and about the operations and quality of the nation\u2019s\ntwenty-second decennial enumeration.\n", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/10907/the-2000-census-counting-under-adversity", year = 2004, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP editor = "John E. Dowling", title = "The Great Brain Debate: Nature or Nurture?", abstract = "How much of our behavior is determined by our genes and how much by our environment? Fiercely debated but not fully resolved, we continue to grapple with this nature-vs.-nurture question. But data from the study of the developing and adult brain are providing us with new ways of thinking about this issue \u2013 ways that, finally, promise answers. \n\nWhether our personality, our intelligence, and our behavior are more likely to be shaped and affected by our environment or our genetic coding is not simply an idle question for today\u2019s researchers. There are tremendous consequences to understanding the crucial role that each plays. How we raise and educate our children, how we treat various mental diseases or conditions, how we care for our elderly \u2013 these are just some of the issues that can be informed by a better and more complete understanding of brain development. \n\nJohn Dowling, eminent neuroscience researcher, looks at these and other important issues. The work that is being done by scientists on the connection between the brain and vision, as well as the ways in which our brains help us learn new languages, are particularly revealing. From this groundbreaking new research we are able to gain startling new insights into how the brain functions and how it can (or cannot) be molded and changed. \n\nBy studying the brain across the spectrum of our lives, from infancy through adulthood and into old age, we see how the brain develops, transforms, and adjusts through the years. Looking specifically at early development and then at the opportunities for additional learning and development as we grow older, we learn more about the ways in which both nature and nurture play key roles over the course of a human lifetime. \n\n", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/11004/the-great-brain-debate-nature-or-nurture", year = 2004, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "Institute of Medicine", editor = "Patricia A. Cuff and Neal Vanselow", title = "Improving Medical Education: Enhancing the Behavioral and Social Science Content of Medical School Curricula", isbn = "978-0-309-09142-8", abstract = "Roughly half of all deaths in the United States are linked to behavioral and social factors. The leading causes of preventable death and disease in the United States are smoking, sedentary lifestyle, along with poor dietary habits, and alcohol consumption. To make measurable improvements in the health of Americans, physicians must be equipped with the knowledge and skills from the behavioral and social sciences needed to recognize, understand, and effectively respond to patients as individuals, not just to their symptoms. What are medical schools teaching students about the behavioral and social sciences? \n\nIn the report, the committee concluded that there is inadequate information available to sufficiently describe behavioral and social science curriculum content, teaching techniques, and assessment methodologies in U.S. medical schools and recommends development of a new national behavioral and social science database. The committee also recommended that the National Board of Medical Examiners ensure that the U.S. Medical Licensing Examination adequately cover the behavioral and social science subject matter recommended in this report.\n", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/10956/improving-medical-education-enhancing-the-behavioral-and-social-science-content", year = 2004, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "National Research Council", editor = "Norman B. Anderson and Rodolfo A. Bulatao and Barney Cohen", title = "Critical Perspectives on Racial and Ethnic Differences in Health in Late Life", isbn = "978-0-309-09211-1", abstract = "In their later years, Americans of different racial and ethnic backgrounds are not in equally good--or equally poor--health. There is wide variation, but on average older Whites are healthier than older Blacks and tend to outlive them. But Whites tend to be in poorer health than Hispanics and Asian Americans. This volume documents the differentials and considers possible explanations.\n\nSelection processes play a role: selective migration, for instance, or selective survival to advanced ages. Health differentials originate early in life, possibly even before birth, and are affected by events and experiences throughout the life course. Differences in socioeconomic status, risk behavior, social relations, and health care all play a role. Separate chapters consider the contribution of such factors and the biopsychosocial mechanisms that link them to health. This volume provides the empirical evidence for the research agenda provided in the separate report of the Panel on Race, Ethnicity, and Health in Later Life.\n", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/11086/critical-perspectives-on-racial-and-ethnic-differences-in-health-in-late-life", year = 2004, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "Transportation Research Board and National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine", title = "Review of Travel Demand Modeling by the Metropolitan Washington Council of Governments: Second Letter Report", abstract = "The TRB Committee for Review of Travel Demand Modeling by the Metropolitan Washington Council of Governments has issued the second of two letter reports to the National Capital Region Transportation Planning Board (TPB). This report reviews TPB\u2019s proposed direction of future travel demand model upgrades. The first report reviewed performance of the TPB's travel forecasting model and processes for estimating mobile source emissions.Appendix A", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/22067/review-of-travel-demand-modeling-by-the-metropolitan-washington-council-of-governments-second-letter-report", year = 2004, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" }