TY - BOOK AU - Institute of Medicine TI - The Impact of War on Child Health in the Countries of the Former Yugoslavia DO - 10.17226/9290 PY - 1995 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/9290/the-impact-of-war-on-child-health-in-the-countries-of-the-former-yugoslavia PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Health and Medicine ER - TY - BOOK AU - National Research Council TI - Keeping the U.S. Computer and Communications Industry Competitive: Convergence of Computing, Communications, and Entertainment SN - DO - 10.17226/4813 PY - 1995 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/4813/keeping-the-us-computer-and-communications-industry-competitive-convergence-of PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Computers and Information Technology AB - Interactive multimedia and information infrastructure receive a lot of attention in the press, but what do they really mean for society? What are the most significant and enduring innovations? What does the convergence of digitally based technologies mean for U.S. businesses and consumers? This book presents an overview of the exciting but much-hyped phenomenon of digital convergence. ER - TY - BOOK TI - International Comparative Studies in Education: Descriptions of Selected Large-Scale Assessments and Case Studies DO - 10.17226/9174 PY - 1995 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/9174/international-comparative-studies-in-education-descriptions-of-selected-large-scale PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Education ER - TY - BOOK TI - Child Care for Low-Income Families: Directions for Research: Summary of A Workshop DO - 10.17226/9482 PY - 1995 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/9482/child-care-for-low-income-families-directions-for-research-summary PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Behavioral and Social Sciences ER - TY - BOOK AU - National Research Council A2 - Barry Edmonston A2 - Charles Schultze TI - Modernizing the U.S. Census SN - DO - 10.17226/4805 PY - 1995 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/4805/modernizing-the-us-census PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Behavioral and Social Sciences AB - The U.S. census, conducted every 10 years since 1790, faces dramatic new challenges as the country begins its third century. Critics of the 1990 census cited problems of increasingly high costs, continued racial differences in counting the population, and declining public confidence. This volume provides a major review of the traditional U.S. census. Starting from the most basic questions of how data are used and whether they are needed, the volume examines the data that future censuses should provide. It evaluates several radical proposals that have been made for changing the census, as well as other proposals for redesigning the year 2000 census. The book also considers in detail the much-criticized long form, the role of race and ethnic data, and the need for and ways to obtain small-area data between censuses. ER - TY - BOOK TI - Reinventing Schools: The Technology is Now! DO - 10.17226/9485 PY - 1995 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/9485/reinventing-schools-the-technology-is-now PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Education AB - Today's children have grown up immersed in a world of computers and other information technologies. They play video games; they listen to music on digital compact disks; they help their families program the computerized controls of videocassette players. With all of the exciting innovations in computer technology, children have the opportunity to gain a wealth of knowledge without ever leaving home. Schools by comparison can seem dull. Education reformers have been developing new approaches for improving the way in which children learn and interact in the classroom. They now must consider the "technology gap" that exists between the technologically rich experiences children have outside the classroom and the comparatively low-tech, in-school environment. The aim is not just to outfit more classrooms with computers. Schools should be changed so that they encompass and guide out-of-school activities that already embrace technology. Not only is this vision possible, it also is feasible, according to Reinventing Schools. This document, available only as an on-line publication, is based on a meeting at which hundreds of leaders -from government, education, and the entertainment and information technology industries-developed strategies for reinvigorating the K-12 educational process by integrating the school experience with the information technology that has captured children's imaginations. Funding for the project was provided by the National Science Foundation, National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Academy Industry Program of the National Research Council, Coca-Cola Endowment Fund of the National Research Council, and Kellogg Endowment Fund of the National Academy of Sciences and Institute of Medicine. This is a web-only publication available at: http://www.nap.edu/readingroom/books/techgap/welcome.html. ER - TY - BOOK TI - A Valedictory: Reflections on 60 Years in Educational Testing DO - 10.17226/9244 PY - 1995 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/9244/a-valedictory-reflections-on-60-years-in-educational-testing PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - ER - TY - BOOK TI - Minority Science Paths: National Science Foundation Minority Graduate Fellows of 1979-1981 DO - 10.17226/9243 PY - 1995 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/9243/minority-science-paths-national-science-foundation-minority-graduate-fellows-of PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Behavioral and Social Sciences KW - Policy for Science and Technology ER - TY - BOOK AU - National Academy of Engineering TI - Forces Shaping the U.S. Academic Engineering Research Enterprise SN - DO - 10.17226/4933 PY - 1995 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/4933/forces-shaping-the-us-academic-engineering-research-enterprise PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Education AB - The way in which academic engineering research is financed and public expectations for the outcomes from such research are changing at an unprecedented rate. The decrease in support of defense-related research, coupled with the realization that many U.S. technological products are no longer competitive in the global market, has sent a shock wave through research universities that train engineers. This book argues for several concrete actions on the part of universities, government, and industry to ensure the flow and relevance of technical talent to meet national social and economic goals, to maintain a position of leadership in the global economy, and to preserve and enhance the nation's engineering knowledge base. ER - TY - BOOK A2 - Thomas Eisner A2 - Jerrold Meinwald TI - Chemical Ecology: The Chemistry of Biotic Interaction SN - DO - 10.17226/4979 PY - 1995 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/4979/chemical-ecology-the-chemistry-of-biotic-interaction PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Math, Chemistry, and Physics KW - Biology and Life Sciences AB - Chemical signals among organisms form "a vast communicative interplay, fundamental to the fabric of life," in the words of one expert. Chemical ecology is the the discipline that seeks to understand these interactions-to use biology in the search for new substances of potential benefit to humankind. This book highlights selected research areas of medicinal and agricultural importance. Leading experts review the chemistry of: Insect defense and its applications to pest control. Phyletic dominance—the survival success of insects. Social regulation, with ant societies as a model of multicomponent signaling systems. Eavesdropping, alarm, and deceit—the array of strategies used by insects to find and lure prey. Reproduction—from the gamete attraction to courtship nd sexual selection. The chemistry of intracellular immunosuppression. Topics also include the appropriation of dietary factors for defense and communication; the use of chemical signals in the marine environment; the role of the olfactory system in chemical analysis; and the interaction of polydnaviruses, endoparasites, and the immune system of the host. ER - TY - BOOK AU - National Academy of Sciences TI - Biographical Memoirs: Volume 68 SN - DO - 10.17226/4990 PY - 1995 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/4990/biographical-memoirs-volume-68 PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Biography and Autobiography AB - Biographic Memoirs: Volume 68 contains the biographies of deceased members of the National Academy of Sciences and bibliographies of their published works. Each biographical essay was written by a member of the Academy familiar with the professional career of the deceased. For historical and bibliographical purposes, these volumes are worth returning to time and again. ER - TY - BOOK AU - National Research Council TI - Colleges of Agriculture at the Land Grant Universities: A Profile SN - DO - 10.17226/4980 PY - 1995 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/4980/colleges-of-agriculture-at-the-land-grant-universities-a-profile PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Agriculture KW - Education AB - Although few Americans work as farmers these days, agriculture on the whole remains economically important—playing a key role in such contemporary issues as consumer health and nutrition, worker safety and animal welfare, and environmental protection. This publication provides a comprehensive picture of the primary education system for the nation's agriculture industry: the land grant colleges of agriculture. Colleges of Agriculture at the Land Grant Universities informs the public debate about the challenges that will shape the future of these colleges and serves as a foundation for a second volume, which will present recommendations for policy and institutional changes in the land grant system. This book reviews the legislative history of the land grant system from its establishment in 1862 to the 1994 act conferring land grant status on Native American colleges. It describes trends that have shaped agriculture and agricultural education over the decades—the shift of labor from farm to factory, reasons for and effects of increased productivity and specialization, the rise of the corporate farm, and more. The committee reviews the system's three-part mission—education, research, and extension service—and through this perspective documents the changing nature of funding and examines the unique structure of the U.S. agricultural research and education system. Demographic data on faculties, students, extension staff, commodity and funding clusters, and geographic specializations profile the system and identify similarities and differences among the colleges of agriculture, trends in funding, and a host of other issues. The tables in the appendix provide further itemization about general population distribution, student and educator demographics, types of degree programs, and funding allocations. Concise commentary and informative graphics augment the detailed statistical presentations. This book will be important to policymakers, administrators, educators, researchers, and students of agriculture. ER - TY - BOOK TI - Summary Report 1993: Doctorate Recipients from United States Universities DO - 10.17226/9033 PY - 1995 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/9033/summary-report-1993-doctorate-recipients-from-united-states-universities PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English ER - TY - BOOK AU - National Research Council TI - The Changing Nature of Telecommunications/Information Infrastructure SN - DO - 10.17226/4816 PY - 1995 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/4816/the-changing-nature-of-telecommunicationsinformation-infrastructure PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Computers and Information Technology AB - Advancement of telecommunications and information infrastructure occurs largely through private investment. The government affects the rate and direction of this progress through regulation and public investment. This book presents a range of positions and perspectives on those two classes of policy mechanism, providing a succinct analysis followed by papers prepared by experts in telecommunications policy and applications. ER - TY - BOOK AU - National Research Council TI - Information Technology for Manufacturing: A Research Agenda SN - DO - 10.17226/4815 PY - 1995 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/4815/information-technology-for-manufacturing-a-research-agenda PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Industry and Labor KW - Computers and Information Technology AB - This book describes a vision of manufacturing in the twenty-first century that maximizes efficiencies and improvements by exploiting the full power of information and provides a research agenda for information technology and manufacturing that is necessary for success in achieving such a vision. Research on information technology to support product and process design, shop-floor operations, and flexible manufacturing is described. Roles for virtual manufacturing and the information infrastructure are also addressed. A final chapter is devoted to nontechnical research issues. ER - TY - BOOK TI - Human Factors in the Design of Tactical Display Systems for the Individual Soldier DO - 10.17226/9107 PY - 1995 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/9107/human-factors-in-the-design-of-tactical-display-systems-for-the-individual-soldier PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Conflict and Security Issues KW - Behavioral and Social Sciences ER - TY - BOOK AU - Institute of Medicine TI - Recommendations for Research on the Health of Military Women: Bibliographies DO - 10.17226/9049 PY - 1995 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/9049/recommendations-for-research-on-the-health-of-military-women-bibliographies PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Health and Medicine ER - TY - BOOK AU - National Research Council TI - Aviation Weather Services: A Call For Federal Leadership and Action SN - DO - 10.17226/5037 PY - 1995 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/5037/aviation-weather-services-a-call-for-federal-leadership-and-action PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Earth Sciences KW - Space and Aeronautics AB - Each time we see grim pictures of aircraft wreckage on a rain-drenched crash site, or scenes of tired holiday travelers stranded in snow-covered airports, we are reminded of the harsh impact that weather can have on the flying public. This book examines issues that affect the provision of national aviation weather services and related research and technology development efforts. It also discusses fragmentation of responsibilities and resources, which leads to a less-than-optimal use of available weather information and examines alternatives for responding to this situation. In particular, it develops an approach whereby the federal government could provide stronger leadership to improve cooperation and coordination among aviation weather providers and users. ER - TY - BOOK AU - Institute of Medicine A2 - Andrew M. Pope A2 - David P. Rall TI - Environmental Medicine: Integrating a Missing Element into Medical Education SN - DO - 10.17226/4795 PY - 1995 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/4795/environmental-medicine-integrating-a-missing-element-into-medical-education PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Health and Medicine AB - People are increasingly concerned about potential environmental health hazards and often ask their physicians questions such as: "Is the tap water safe to drink?" "Is it safe to live near power lines?" Unfortunately, physicians often lack the information and training related to environmental health risks needed to answer such questions. This book discusses six competency based learning objectives for all medical school students, discusses the relevance of environmental health to specific courses and clerkships, and demonstrates how to integrate environmental health into the curriculum through published case studies, some of which are included in one of the book's three appendices. Also included is a guide on where to obtain additional information for treatment, referral, and follow-up for diseases with possible environmental and/or occupational origins. ER - TY - BOOK AU - National Academy of Sciences TI - Biographical Memoirs: Volume 67 SN - DO - 10.17226/4894 PY - 1995 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/4894/biographical-memoirs-volume-67 PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Biography and Autobiography AB - Biographic Memoirs: Volume 67 contains the biographies of deceased members of the National Academy of Sciences and bibliographies of their published works. Each biographical essay was written by a member of the Academy familiar with the professional career of the deceased. For historical and bibliographical purposes, these volumes are worth returning to time and again. ER -