TY - BOOK TI - Improving Energy Demand Analysis DO - 10.17226/10457 PY - 1984 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/10457/improving-energy-demand-analysis PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Energy and Energy Conservation ER - TY - BOOK TI - Energy Efficiency in Buildings: Behavioral Issues DO - 10.17226/10463 PY - 1985 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/10463/energy-efficiency-in-buildings-behavioral-issues PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Energy and Energy Conservation ER - TY - BOOK AU - National Research Council A2 - Paul C. Stern A2 - Thomas Dietz A2 - Vernon W. Ruttan A2 - Robert H. Socolow A2 - James L. Sweeney TI - Environmentally Significant Consumption: Research Directions SN - DO - 10.17226/5430 PY - 1997 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/5430/environmentally-significant-consumption-research-directions PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Behavioral and Social Sciences KW - Energy and Energy Conservation AB - There has been much polemic about affluence, consumption, and the global environment. For some observers, "consumption" is at the root of global environmental threats: wealthy individuals and societies use far too much of the earth's resource base and should scale back their appetites to preserve the environment for future generations and allow a decent life for the rest of the world. Other observers see affluence as the way to escape environmental threats: economic development increases public pressure for environmental protection and makes capital available for environmentally benign technologies. The arguments are fed by conflicting beliefs, values, hopes, and fears—but surprisingly little scientific analysis. This book demonstrates that the relationship of consumption to the environment needs careful analysis by environmental and social scientists and conveys some of the excitement of treating the issue scientifically. It poses the key empirical questions: Which kinds of consumption are environmentally significant? Which actors are responsible for that consumption? What forces cause or explain environmentally significant consumption? How can it be changed? The book presents studies that open up important issues for empirical study: Are there any signs of saturation in the demand for travel in wealthy countries? What is the relationship between environmental consumption and human well-being? To what extent do people in developing countries emulate American consumption styles? The book also suggests broad strategies that scientists and research sponsors can use to better inform future debates about the environment, development, and consumption. ER - TY - BOOK TI - Energy Use: The Human Dimension DO - 10.17226/9259 PY - 1984 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/9259/energy-use-the-human-dimension PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Math, Chemistry, and Physics KW - Energy and Energy Conservation ER - TY - BOOK AU - National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine TI - The Role of Net Metering in the Evolving Electricity System SN - DO - 10.17226/26704 PY - 2023 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/26704/the-role-of-net-metering-in-the-evolving-electricity-system PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Energy and Energy Conservation KW - Environment and Environmental Studies AB - Over the last three decades, there have been fundamental shifts in the electricity system, including the growing adoption of clean distributed generation energy technologies such as rooftop solar. Net metering, which compensates customers for excess energy they contribute to the grid, has been instrumental in supporting the integration of these systems into the grid, but these policies may need to change to better address future needs. The Role of Net Metering in the Evolving Electricity System explores the medium-to-long term impacts of net metering on the electricity grid and customers. This report evaluates how net metering guidelines should evolve to support a decarbonized, equitable, and resilient electricity system. ER - TY - BOOK AU - National Research Council A2 - Paul C. Stern TI - Risks and Risk Governance in Shale Gas Development: Summary of Two Workshops SN - DO - 10.17226/18953 PY - 2014 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/18953/risks-and-risk-governance-in-shale-gas-development-summary-of PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Behavioral and Social Sciences KW - Energy and Energy Conservation KW - Environment and Environmental Studies AB - Natural gas in deep shale formations, which can be developed by hydraulic fracturing and associated technologies (often collectively referred to as "fracking") is dramatically increasing production of natural gas in the United States, where significant gas deposits exist in formations that underlie many states. Major deposits of shale gas exist in many other countries as well. Proponents of shale gas development point to several kinds of benefits, for instance, to local economies and to national "energy independence". Shale gas development has also brought increasing expression of concerns about risks, including to human health, environmental quality, non-energy economic activities in shale regions, and community cohesion. Some of these potential risks are beginning to receive careful evaluation; others are not. Although the risks have not yet been fully characterized or all of them carefully analyzed, governments at all levels are making policy decisions, some of them hard to reverse, about shale gas development and/or how to manage the risks. Risks and Risk Governance in Shale Gas Development is the summary of two workshops convened in May and August 2013 by the National Research Council's Board on Environmental Change and Society to consider and assess claims about the levels and types of risk posed by shale gas development and about the adequacy of existing governance procedures. Participants from engineering, natural, and social scientific communities examined the range of risks and of social and decision-making issues in risk characterization and governance related to gas shale development. Central themes included risk governance in the context of (a) risks that emerge as shale gas development expands, and (b) incomplete or declining regulatory capacity in an era of budgetary stringency. This report summarizes the presentations on risk issues raised in the first workshop, the risk management and governance concepts presented at the second workshop, and the discussions at both workshops. ER - TY - BOOK AU - National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine TI - Accelerating Decarbonization of the U.S. Energy System SN - DO - 10.17226/25932 PY - 2021 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/25932/accelerating-decarbonization-of-the-us-energy-system PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Environment and Environmental Studies KW - Energy and Energy Conservation AB - The world is transforming its energy system from one dominated by fossil fuel combustion to one with net-zero emissions of carbon dioxide (CO2), the primary anthropogenic greenhouse gas. This energy transition is critical to mitigating climate change, protecting human health, and revitalizing the U.S. economy. To help policymakers, businesses, communities, and the public better understand what a net-zero transition would mean for the United States, the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering and Medicine convened a committee of experts to investigate how the U.S. could best decarbonize its transportation, electricity, buildings, and industrial sectors. This report, Accelerating Decarbonization of the United States Energy System, identifies key technological and socio-economic goals that must be achieved to put the United States on the path to reach net-zero carbon emissions by 2050. The report presents a policy blueprint outlining critical near-term actions for the first decade (2021-2030) of this 30-year effort, including ways to support communities that will be most impacted by the transition. ER - TY - BOOK AU - Transportation Research Board AU - National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine A2 - Anne Frances Johnson TI - Pathways to an Equitable and Just Energy Transition: Principles, Best Practices, and Inclusive Stakeholder Engagement: Proceedings of a Workshop SN - DO - 10.17226/26935 PY - 2023 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/26935/pathways-to-an-equitable-and-just-energy-transition-principles-best PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Energy and Energy Conservation KW - Environment and Environmental Studies AB - While technologies are clearly instrumental in transitioning away from fossil fuel-based energy and toward a decarbonized economy, decisions about which technologies are prioritized, how they are implemented, and the policies that drive these changes will have profound effects on people and communities, with important implications for equity, jobs, environmental and energy justice, health, and more. The National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine Committee on Accelerating Decarbonization in the United States: Technology, Policy, and Societal Dimensions was tasked with assessing the broad range of technological, policy, and societal dimensions of decarbonizing the U.S. economy. The committee produced a 2021 report that provides the U.S. government with a roadmap of equitable and robust decarbonization policies. The next report of the committee will address the broader range of policy actors who play a role in equitable energy transition. To inform its deliberations, the committee hosted a 1-day workshop on July 26, 2022 to discuss critical issues of equity and justice during the energy transition. The goal of the workshop, titled Pathways to an Equitable and Just Transition: Principles, Best Practices, and Inclusive Stakeholder Engagement, was to move beyond energy technologies and elicit ideas and insights to inform the development of principles, best practices, and actionable recommendations for a broad range of policy actors and stakeholders in order to fully operationalize equity, justice, and inclusion. This publication summarizes the presentations and discussion of the workshop. ER - TY - BOOK AU - National Research Council A2 - William F. Eddy A2 - Krisztina Marton TI - Effective Tracking of Building Energy Use: Improving the Commercial Buildings and Residential Energy Consumption Surveys SN - DO - 10.17226/13360 PY - 2012 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/13360/effective-tracking-of-building-energy-use-improving-the-commercial-buildings PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Energy and Energy Conservation KW - Behavioral and Social Sciences KW - Surveys and Statistics AB - The United States is responsible for nearly one-fifth of the world's energy consumption. Population growth, and the associated growth in housing, commercial floor space, transportation, goods, and services is expected to cause a 0.7 percent annual increase in energy demand for the foreseeable future. The energy used by the commercial and residential sectors represents approximately 40 percent of the nation's total energy consumption, and the share of these two sectors is expected to increase in the future. The Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey (CBECS) and Residential Energy Consumption Survey (RECS) are two major surveys conducted by the Energy Information Administration. The surveys are the most relevant sources of data available to researchers and policy makers on energy consumption in the commercial and residential sectors. Many of the design decisions and operational procedures for the CBECS and RECS were developed in the 1970s and 1980s, and resource limitations during much of the time since then have prevented EIA from making significant changes to the data collections. Effective Tracking of Building Energy Use makes recommendations for redesigning the surveys based on a review of evolving data user needs and an assessment of new developments in relevant survey methods. ER -