TY - BOOK AU - National Research Council TI - The Biological Threat Reduction Program of the Department of Defense: From Foreign Assistance to Sustainable Partnerships SN - DO - 10.17226/12005 PY - 2007 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/12005/the-biological-threat-reduction-program-of-the-department-of-defense PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Conflict and Security Issues AB - This Congressionally-mandated report identifies areas for further cooperation with Russia and other states of the former Soviet Union under the Cooperative Threat Reduction (CTR) program of the Department of Defense in the specific area of prevention of proliferation of biological weapons. The report reviews relevant U.S. government programs, and particularly the CTR program, and identifies approaches for overcoming obstacles to cooperation and for increasing the long-term impact of the program. It recommends strong support for continuation of the CTR program. ER - TY - BOOK AU - Institute of Medicine A2 - Abigail E. Mitchell A2 - Laura B. Sivitz A2 - Robert E. Black TI - Gulf War and Health: Volume 5: Infectious Diseases SN - DO - 10.17226/11765 PY - 2007 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/11765/gulf-war-and-health-volume-5-infectious-diseases PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Health and Medicine KW - Conflict and Security Issues AB - Infectious diseases have been a problem for military personnel throughout history. The consequences in previous conflicts have ranged from frequent illnesses disrupting daily activities and readiness to widespread deaths. Preventive measures, early diagnosis, and treatment greatly limit the exposures and acute illnesses of troops today in comparison with those in armies of the past, but infections and consequent acute illnesses still occur. Thousands of US veterans of the Persian Gulf War have reported an array of unexplained illnesses since the war ended in 1991. Many veterans have believed that the illnesses were associated with their military service in southwest Asia during the war. This volume of Gulf War and Health evaluates the scientific literature on chemical, biologic, and physical agents to which military personnel in the gulf were potentially exposed and possible long-term adverse health outcomes. ER - TY - BOOK AU - National Research Council TI - 2005-2006 Assessment of the Army Research Laboratory DO - 10.17226/12047 PY - 2007 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/12047/2005-2006-assessment-of-the-army-research-laboratory PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Conflict and Security Issues KW - Engineering and Technology ER - TY - BOOK AU - Institute of Medicine A2 - Stanley M. Lemon A2 - Margaret A. Hamburg A2 - P. Frederick Sparling A2 - Eileen R. Choffnes A2 - Alison Mack TI - Global Infectious Disease Surveillance and Detection: Assessing the Challenges–Finding Solutions: Workshop Summary SN - DO - 10.17226/11996 PY - 2007 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/11996/global-infectious-disease-surveillance-and-detection-assessing-the-challenges-finding PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Health and Medicine KW - Conflict and Security Issues AB - Early detection is essential to the control of emerging, reemerging, and novel infectious diseases, whether naturally occurring or intentionally introduced. Containing the spread of such diseases in a profoundly interconnected world requires active vigilance for signs of an outbreak, rapid recognition of its presence, and diagnosis of its microbial cause, in addition to strategies and resources for an appropriate and efficient response. Although these actions are often viewed in terms of human public health, they also challenge the plant and animal health communities. Surveillance, defined as "the continual scrutiny of all aspects of occurrence and spread of a disease that are pertinent to effective control", involves the "systematic collection, analysis, interpretation, and dissemination of health data." Disease detection and diagnosis is the act of discovering a novel, emerging, or reemerging disease or disease event and identifying its cause. Diagnosis is "the cornerstone of effective disease control and prevention efforts, including surveillance." Disease surveillance and detection relies heavily on the astute individual: the clinician, veterinarian, plant pathologist, farmer, livestock manager, or agricultural extension agent who notices something unusual, atypical, or suspicious and brings this discovery in a timely way to the attention of an appropriate representative of human public health, veterinary medicine, or agriculture. Most developed countries have the ability to detect and diagnose human, animal, and plant diseases. Global Infectious Disease Surveillance and Detection: Assessing the Challenges—Finding Solutions, Workshop Summary is part of a 10 book series and summarizes the recommendations and presentations of the workshop. ER -