%0 Book %A National Research Council %T English-Chinese, Chinese-English Nuclear Security Glossary %@ 978-0-309-11931-3 %D 2008 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/12186/english-chinese-chinese-english-nuclear-security-glossary %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/12186/english-chinese-chinese-english-nuclear-security-glossary %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Conflict and Security Issues %K Environment and Environmental Studies %P 273 %X The U.S. National Academies Committee on International Security and Arms Control (CISAC) and the Chinese Scientists Group on Arms Control (CSGAC) of the Chinese People's Association for Peace and Disarmament have jointly produced a Chinese - English English - Chinese Nuclear Security Glossary. This glossary of approximately 1000 terms is built on 20 years of joint discussions on nuclear arms control, nuclear nonproliferation, nuclear energy, and regional security issues and is intended to remove barriers to progress in exchanges and diplomatic, cooperative, or other activities where unambiguous understanding is essential. %0 Book %A National Research Council %T U.S. Conventional Prompt Global Strike: Issues for 2008 and Beyond %@ 978-0-309-11459-2 %D 2008 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/12061/us-conventional-prompt-global-strike-issues-for-2008-and-beyond %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/12061/us-conventional-prompt-global-strike-issues-for-2008-and-beyond %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Conflict and Security Issues %P 238 %X Conventional prompt global strike (CPGS) is a military option under consideration by the U.S. Department of Defense. This book, the final report from the National Research Council’s Committee on Conventional Prompt Global Strike Capability, analyzes proposed CPGS systems and evaluates the potential role CPGS could play in U.S. defense. U.S. Conventional Prompt Global Strike provides near-, mid-, and long-term recommendations for possible CPGS development, addressing the following questions: Does the United States need CPGS capabilities? What are the alternative CPGS systems, and how effective are they likely to be if proposed capabilities are achieved? What would be the implications of alternative CPGS systems for stability, doctrine, decision making, and operations? What nuclear ambiguity concerns arise from CPGS, and how might they be mitigated? What arms control issues arise with CPGS systems, and how might they be resolved? Should the United States proceed with research, development, testing, and evaluation (RDT&E) of the Conventional Trident Modification (CTM) program5 and, ultimately, with CTM production and deployment? Should the United States proceed with the development and testing of alternative CPGS systems beyond CTM? %0 Book %A National Research Council %T Marking, Rendering Inert, and Licensing of Explosive Materials: Interim Report %@ 978-0-309-05784-4 %D 1997 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/5755/marking-rendering-inert-and-licensing-of-explosive-materials-interim-report %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/5755/marking-rendering-inert-and-licensing-of-explosive-materials-interim-report %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Conflict and Security Issues %P 48 %0 Book %A National Academy of Sciences %A National Research Council %E Rusten, Lynn %E Stern, Paul C. %T Crisis Management in the Nuclear Age %D 1987 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/10459/crisis-management-in-the-nuclear-age %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/10459/crisis-management-in-the-nuclear-age %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K %P 55 %0 Book %T Controlling Dangerous Pathogens: A Blueprint for U.S.-Russian Cooperation, A Report to the Cooperative Threat Reduction Program of the U.S. Department of Defense: Russian Version %D 1997 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/9472/controlling-dangerous-pathogens-a-blueprint-for-us-russian-cooperation-a %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/9472/controlling-dangerous-pathogens-a-blueprint-for-us-russian-cooperation-a %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K %P 95 %0 Book %A National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine %T Acquisition Strategies for Future Space-Based Optics: Unclassified Summary %D 2019 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/25337/acquisition-strategies-for-future-space-based-optics-unclassified-summary %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/25337/acquisition-strategies-for-future-space-based-optics-unclassified-summary %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Conflict and Security Issues %K Space and Aeronautics %P 13 %X This study originated with congressionally directed language from the House Permanent Select Committee for Intelligence (HPSCI) in 2016 and titled “Acquisition Strategies for Future Space Based Optics”. This publication is an unclassified summary of the classified report. %0 Book %A National Academy of Engineering %T Frontiers of Engineering: Reports on Leading-Edge Engineering from the 2011 Symposium %@ 978-0-309-22143-6 %D 2012 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/13274/frontiers-of-engineering-reports-on-leading-edge-engineering-from-the %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/13274/frontiers-of-engineering-reports-on-leading-edge-engineering-from-the %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Engineering and Technology %K Conflict and Security Issues %P 174 %X The practice of engineering is continually changing. Engineers today must be able not only to thrive in an environment of rapid technological change and globalization, but also to work on interdisciplinary teams. Cutting-edge research is being done at the intersections of engineering disciplines, and successful researchers and practitioners must be aware of developments and challenges in areas that may not be familiar to them. At the U.S. Frontiers of Engineer Symposium, engineers have the opportunity to learn from their peers about pioneering work being done in many areas of engineering. Frontiers of Engineering 2011: Reports on Leading-Edge Engineering from the 2011 Symposium highlights the papers presented at the event. This book covers four general topics from the 2011 symposium: additive manufacturing, semantic processing, engineering sustainable buildings, and neuro-prosthetics. The papers from these presentations provide an overview of the challenges and opportunities of these fields of inquiry, and communicate the excitement of discovery. %0 Book %A National Research Council %E Blascovich, James J. %E Hartel, Christine R. %T Human Behavior in Military Contexts %@ 978-0-309-11230-7 %D 2008 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/12023/human-behavior-in-military-contexts %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/12023/human-behavior-in-military-contexts %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Behavioral and Social Sciences %K Conflict and Security Issues %P 250 %X Human behavior forms the nucleus of military effectiveness. Humans operating in the complex military system must possess the knowledge, skills, abilities, aptitudes, and temperament to perform their roles effectively in a reliable and predictable manner, and effective military management requires understanding of how these qualities can be best provided and assessed. Scientific research in this area is critical to understanding leadership, training and other personnel issues, social interactions and organizational structures within the military. The U.S. Army Research Institute for the Behavioral and Social Sciences (ARI) asked the National Research Council to provide an agenda for basic behavioral and social research focused on applications in both the short and long-term. The committee responded by recommending six areas of research on the basis of their relevance, potential impact, and timeliness for military needs: intercultural competence; teams in complex environments; technology-based training; nonverbal behavior; emotion; and behavioral neurophysiology. The committee suggests doubling the current budget for basic research for the behavioral and social sciences across U.S. military research agencies. The additional funds can support approximately 40 new projects per year across the committee's recommended research areas. Human Behavior in Military Contexts includes committee reports and papers that demonstrate areas of stimulating, ongoing research in the behavioral and social sciences that can enrich the military's ability to recruit, train, and enhance the performance of its personnel, both organizationally and in its many roles in other cultures. %0 Book %A National Research Council %E Stern, Paul C. %E Druckman, Daniel %T International Conflict Resolution After the Cold War %@ 978-0-309-07027-0 %D 2000 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/9897/international-conflict-resolution-after-the-cold-war %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/9897/international-conflict-resolution-after-the-cold-war %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Conflict and Security Issues %K Behavioral and Social Sciences %P 640 %X The end of the Cold War has changed the shape of organized violence in the world and the ways in which governments and others try to set its limits. Even the concept of international conflict is broadening to include ethnic conflicts and other kinds of violence within national borders that may affect international peace and security. What is not yet clear is whether or how these changes alter the way actors on the world scene should deal with conflict: Do the old methods still work? Are there new tools that could work better? How do old and new methods relate to each other? International Conflict Resolution After the Cold War critically examines evidence on the effectiveness of a dozen approaches to managing or resolving conflict in the world to develop insights for conflict resolution practitioners. It considers recent applications of familiar conflict management strategies, such as the use of threats of force, economic sanctions, and negotiation. It presents the first systematic assessments of the usefulness of some less familiar approaches to conflict resolution, including truth commissions, "engineered" electoral systems, autonomy arrangements, and regional organizations. It also opens up analysis of emerging issues, such as the dilemmas facing humanitarian organizations in complex emergencies. This book offers numerous practical insights and raises key questions for research on conflict resolution in a transforming world system. %0 Book %A National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine %T Peer Review and Design Competition in the NNSA National Security Laboratories %@ 978-0-309-37843-7 %D 2015 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/21806/peer-review-and-design-competition-in-the-nnsa-national-security-laboratories %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/21806/peer-review-and-design-competition-in-the-nnsa-national-security-laboratories %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Policy for Science and Technology %K Conflict and Security Issues %P 84 %X The National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA) is responsible for providing and maintaining the capabilities necessary to sustain a safe, secure, and reliable nuclear weapons stockpile for the nation and its allies. Major responsibility for meeting the NNSA missions falls to the three NNSA laboratories: Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), and Sandia National Laboratories (SNL). The NNSA National Security Laboratories contribute to that goal by maintaining the skills and capabilities necessary for stewardship of a reliable nuclear stockpile and also by maintaining a high level of technical credibility, which is a component of the nuclear deterrent. Since 1992 it has been U.S. policy not to conduct explosion tests of nuclear weapons. The resulting technical challenges have been substantial. Whereas a nuclear test was in some sense the ultimate "peer review" of the performance of a particular NEP design, the cessation of nuclear testing necessitated a much greater reliance on both intralab and interlab expert peer review to identify potential problems with weapon designs and define the solution space. This report assesses the quality and effectiveness of peer review of designs, development plans, engineering and scientific activities, and priorities related to both nuclear and non-nuclear aspects of nuclear weapons, as well as incentives for effective peer review. It also explores how the evolving mission of the NNSA laboratories might impact peer review processes at the laboratories that relate to nuclear weapons. %0 Book %A National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine %E Arrison, Tom %T Improving International Resilience and Response to Chemical, Biological, Radiological, and Nuclear Events: Proceedings of a Workshop–in Brief %D 2019 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/25666/improving-international-resilience-and-response-to-chemical-biological-radiological-and-nuclear-events %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/25666/improving-international-resilience-and-response-to-chemical-biological-radiological-and-nuclear-events %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Conflict and Security Issues %P 7 %X Chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear (CBRN) events are rare, but can be highly destructive. In addition to potentially causing large numbers of fatalities and injuries, these events may also destabilize governments, create conditions that exacerbate violence, or promote terrorism. They may overwhelm the infrastructure and response capacity of the nations where they occur, especially those lacking specialized resources. They can also trigger global economic effects: a single CBRN event that damages facilities in one place can affect supply chains and operations worldwide. Strengthening national and international resilience and capacity to respond to CBRN events is seen as a global security priority. In order to help illuminate the major needs for an international coordinated response to CBRN events, highlight major challenges, and develop a common basis for future discussions, an ad hoc committee under the auspices of the Forum on Resilience to International Chemical, Biological, Radiological, and Nuclear (CBRN) Events of the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine organized an international, science-based CBRN resilience workshop in Tokyo, Japan on October 23-25, 2017. The National Academies collaborated with Niigata University and the Japan National Research Institute for Earth Sciences and Disaster Resilience to plan and organize the workshop. Participants included experts from the international community, public and government sector, the private and industrial sector, the academic community, and NGOs. This publication summarizes the presentations of the workshop. %0 Book %A National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine %E Townsend, Elizabeth %T Understanding Narratives for National Security: Proceedings of a Workshop %@ 978-0-309-47639-3 %D 2018 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/25119/understanding-narratives-for-national-security-proceedings-of-a-workshop %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/25119/understanding-narratives-for-national-security-proceedings-of-a-workshop %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Conflict and Security Issues %P 72 %X Beginning in October 2017, the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine organized a set of workshops designed to gather information for the Decadal Survey of Social and Behavioral Sciences for Applications to National Security. The sixth workshop focused on understanding narratives for national security purposes, and this publication summarizes the presentations and discussions from this workshop. %0 Book %A National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine %E Schweitzer, Glenn E. %T Roots and Trajectories of Violent Extremism and Terrorism: A Cooperative Program of the U.S. National Academy of Sciences and the Russian Academy of Sciences (1995-2020) %@ 978-0-309-08775-9 %D 2022 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/26281/roots-and-trajectories-of-violent-extremism-and-terrorism-a-cooperative %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/26281/roots-and-trajectories-of-violent-extremism-and-terrorism-a-cooperative %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Conflict and Security Issues %P 162 %X During the past 25 years, the U.S. National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, in collaboration with the Russian Academy of Sciences, have carried out a wide variety of activities to improve understanding of the challenges in containing and reducing ethnic conflicts, violent extremism, and terrorism. Roots and Trajectories of Violent Extremism and Terrorism provides an overview of this cross-ocean program, which has involved American and Russian scientists, engineers, and medical professionals from a large number of government agencies, leading research institutions, think tanks, educational institutions, analytical centers, and consulting and commercial firms in the two countries. This report highlights challenges addressed by the academies over many years that remain of current interest as the U.S., Russian, and other governments continue to cope with old and new forms of aggression that threaten the livelihood of populations at home and abroad. %0 Book %A National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine %T Improving Understanding of the Roots and Trajectories of Violent Extremism: Proceedings of a Workshop–in Brief %D 2017 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/24887/improving-understanding-of-the-roots-and-trajectories-of-violent-extremism %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/24887/improving-understanding-of-the-roots-and-trajectories-of-violent-extremism %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Conflict and Security Issues %P 8 %X The U.S. National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, together with the National Center for Scientific Research of France and the Russian Academy of Sciences, convened a workshop in Paris on June 20-
21, 2017, to consider the roots and trajectories of violent extremism. The goal was to identify common interests and priorities that could provide the basis for sustained cooperation involving research, analysis, and field investigations. Such a collaborative effort would contribute both to improved international understanding of the challenges posed by outbreaks of violent extremism and to the development of promising strategies and programs to reduce the global threats associated with the upsurge in outbreaks in a number of regions of the world. This publication briefly summarizes the presentations and discussions from the workshop. %0 Book %A National Research Council %T Priorities for GEOINT Research at the National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency %@ 978-0-309-10149-3 %D 2006 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/11601/priorities-for-geoint-research-at-the-national-geospatial-intelligence-agency %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/11601/priorities-for-geoint-research-at-the-national-geospatial-intelligence-agency %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Conflict and Security Issues %P 114 %0 Book %A National Research Council %T Avoiding Technology Surprise for Tomorrow's Warfighter: Symposium 2010 %@ 978-0-309-15568-7 %D 2010 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/12919/avoiding-technology-surprise-for-tomorrows-warfighter-symposium-2010 %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/12919/avoiding-technology-surprise-for-tomorrows-warfighter-symposium-2010 %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Conflict and Security Issues %P 62 %X The Symposium on Avoiding Technology Surprise for Tomorrow's Warfighter is a forum for consumers and producers of scientific and technical intelligence to exchange perspectives on the potential sources of emerging or disruptive technologies and behaviors, with the goal of improving the Department of Defense's technological warning capability. This volume summarizes the key themes identified in the second and most recent symposium, a two-day event held in Suffolk, Virginia, on April 28 and 29, 2010. The symposium combined presentations highlighting cutting-edge technology topics with facilitated discourse among all participants. Three categories of surprise were identified: breakthroughs in product and process technology, new uses of existing technology, and the unexpectedly rapid progression of a technology to operational use. The incorporation of an adversary's own culture, history, beliefs, and value systems into analyses also emerged in discussions as an important factor in reducing surprise. %0 Book %A National Research Council %T Overcoming Impediments to U.S.-Russian Cooperation on Nuclear Nonproliferation: Report of a Joint Workshop %@ 978-0-309-09177-0 %D 2004 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/10928/overcoming-impediments-to-us-russian-cooperation-on-nuclear-nonproliferation-report %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/10928/overcoming-impediments-to-us-russian-cooperation-on-nuclear-nonproliferation-report %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Conflict and Security Issues %P 131 %X The U.S. National Academies and the Russian Academy of Sciences convened a joint workshop to identify methods of overcoming impediments to cooperation between the United States and Russia on nonproliferation. The workshop emphasized approaches and techniques that have already been shown to work in U.S.-Russian programs and that might be applied in other areas. The workshop was intended to facilitate frank discussion between individuals in the United States and Russia who have some responsibility for cooperative nonproliferation programs in the hope of identifying both the impediments to cooperation and potential methods of addressing them. This report summarizes the discussions at the workshop. %0 Book %A National Research Council %E Haller, Norman M. %T U.S. Air Force Strategic Deterrence Capabilities in the 21st Century Security Environment: A Workshop Summary %@ 978-0-309-28547-6 %D 2013 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/18337/us-air-force-strategic-deterrence-capabilities-in-the-21st-century-security-environment %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/18337/us-air-force-strategic-deterrence-capabilities-in-the-21st-century-security-environment %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Conflict and Security Issues %P 62 %X Changes in the 21st century security environment require new analytic approaches to support strategic deterrence. Because current adversaries may be deterred from the use of nuclear weapons differently than were Cold War adversaries, the Air Force needs an analytic process and tools that can help determine those Air Force capabilities that will successfully deter or defeat these new nuclear-armed adversaries and assure U.S. allies. While some analytic tools are available, a coherent approach for their use in developing strategy and policy appears to be lacking. Without a coherent analytic approach that addresses the nuances of today's security environment, Air Force views of its strategic deterrence needs may not be understood or accepted by the appropriate decision makers. A coherent approach will support Air Force decisions about its strategic force priorities and needs, deter actual or potential adversaries, and assure U.S. allies. In this context, the Air Force in 2012 requested that the Air Force Studies Board of the National Research Council undertake a workshop to bring together national experts to discuss current challenges relating strategic deterrence and potential new tools and methods that the Air Force might leverage in its strategic deterrence mission. The workshop consisted of two 3-day sessions held in Washington, DC on September 26-28, 2012 and January 29-31, 2013 and was attended by a very diverse set of participants with expertise in strategic deterrence and a range of analytic tools of potential interest to the Air Force. U.S. Air Force Strategic Deterrence Capabilities in the 21st Century Security Environment summarizes this workshop. %0 Book %A Institute of Medicine %A National Academy of Sciences %A National Academy of Engineering %T Balancing Scientific Openness and National Security Controls at the Nuclear Weapons Laboratories %@ 978-0-309-06833-8 %D 1999 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/9704/balancing-scientific-openness-and-national-security-controls-at-the-nuclear-weapons-laboratories %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/9704/balancing-scientific-openness-and-national-security-controls-at-the-nuclear-weapons-laboratories %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Conflict and Security Issues %P 40 %X This report addresses consequences of current and proposed restrictions on international contacts by the U.S. Department of Energy's (DOE) national laboratories and explores methods of best serving national security through positive new scientific advances facilitated by international communication among scientists, through scientific contacts to further non-proliferation, and through careful protection of crucial classified information from foreign espionage. The report summarizes a symposium that examined: the role of the DOE's national laboratories in national security and the contributions by foreign laboratories and scientists, proposals for amending security policies of the weapons laboratories in regard to contact with foreign laboratories and scientists, and the risks and benefits of scientific openness in this context. Finally, the report reviews current policies and proposals designed to enhance security at the weapons laboratories, primarily those related to restrictions on foreign contacts by DOE scientists. %0 Book %A National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine %E Forrest, Sherrie %T The State of Resilience: A Leadership Forum and Community Workshop: Proceedings of a Workshop %@ 978-0-309-47369-9 %D 2018 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/25054/the-state-of-resilience-a-leadership-forum-and-community-workshop %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/25054/the-state-of-resilience-a-leadership-forum-and-community-workshop %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Conflict and Security Issues %P 94 %X Over the past decade, resilience has gained significant traction across the nation and innovative programs are showing exciting progress in building resilient communities. For communities to be prepared for future extreme weather and climate events, as well as the chronic daily stressors, the momentum of implementing and taking action to build community resilience should continue to be fostered and expanded. Building on its many efforts dedicated to increasing and enhancing resilience, the Resilient America Roundtable hosted the State of Resilience Leadership Forum and Community Workshop on June 28 and 29, 2016. This activity brought together diverse decision makers, experts, practitioners, and community stakeholders, including representatives from academia, government, the private sector, foundations, and nonprofit organizations, to consider the results of years of investment, experimentation, and research in building resilience, take stock of these many initiatives and efforts, and share their experiences in building more resilient communities. This publication summarizes the presentations and discussions from the workshop.