@BOOK{NAP author = "National Research Council", editor = "Cherie Chauvin", title = "Threatening Communications and Behavior: Perspectives on the Pursuit of Public Figures", isbn = "978-0-309-18670-4", abstract = "Today's world of rapid social, technological, and behavioral change provides new opportunities for communications with few limitations of time and space. Through these communications, people leave behind an ever-growing collection of traces of their daily activities, including digital footprints provided by text, voice, and other modes of communication. Meanwhile, new techniques for aggregating and evaluating diverse and multimodal information sources are available to security services that must reliably identify communications indicating a high likelihood of future violence.\nIn the context of this changed and changing world of communications and behavior, the Board on Behavioral, Cognitive, and Sensory Sciences of the National Research Council presents this volume of three papers as one portion of the vast subject of threatening communications and behavior. The papers review the behavioral and social sciences research on the likelihood that someone who engages in abnormal and\/or threatening communications will actually then try to do harm. The focus is on how the scientific knowledge can inform and advance future research on threat assessments, in part by considering the approaches and techniques used to analyze communications and behavior in the dynamic context of today's world.\nThe papers in the collection were written within the context of protecting high-profile public figures from potential attach or harm. The research, however, is broadly applicable to U.S. national security including potential applications for analysis of communications from leaders of hostile nations and public threats from terrorist groups. This work highlights the complex psychology of threatening communications and behavior, and it offers knowledge and perspectives from multiple domains that contribute to a deeper understanding of the value of communications in predicting and preventing violent behaviors.", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/13091/threatening-communications-and-behavior-perspectives-on-the-pursuit-of-public", year = 2011, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "National Academy of Sciences", title = "Frontiers of Bioinformatics: Unsolved Problems and Challenges", isbn = "978-0-309-10029-8", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/11453/frontiers-of-bioinformatics-unsolved-problems-and-challenges", year = 2005, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP title = "Evaluation of the Voluntary National Tests, Year 2: Interim Report", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/9652/evaluation-of-the-voluntary-national-tests-year-2-interim-report", year = 1999, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "National Research Council", editor = "Maureen Mellody", title = "Robust Methods for the Analysis of Images and Videos for Fisheries Stock Assessment: Summary of a Workshop", isbn = "978-0-309-31469-5", abstract = "The National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) is responsible for the stewardship of the nation's living marine resources and their habitat. As part of this charge, NMFS conducts stock assessments of the abundance and composition of fish stocks in several bodies of water. At present, stock assessments rely heavily on human data-gathering and analysis. Automatic means of fish stock assessments are appealing because they offer the potential to improve efficiency and reduce human workload and perhaps develop higher-fidelity measurements. The use of images and video, when accompanies by appropriate statistical analyses of the inferred data, is of increasing importance for estimating the abundance of species and their age distributions.\nRobust Methods for the Analysis of Images and Videos for Fisheries Stock Assessment is the summary of a workshop convened by the National Research Council Committee on Applied and Theoretical Statistics to discuss analysis techniques for images and videos for fisheries stock assessment. Experts from diverse communities shared perspective about the most efficient path toward improved automation of visual information and discussed both near-term and long-term goals that can be achieved through research and development efforts. This report is a record of the presentations and discussions of this event.", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/18986/robust-methods-for-the-analysis-of-images-and-videos-for-fisheries-stock-assessment", year = 2015, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine", editor = "Elizabeth Townsend", title = "Emerging Trends and Methods in International Security: Proceedings of a Workshop", isbn = "978-0-309-47387-3", abstract = "Beginning in October 2017, the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine organized a set of workshops designed to gather information for the Decadal Survey of Social and Behavioral Sciences for Applications to National Security. The second workshop focused on emerging trends and methods in international security and this publication summarizes the presentations and discussions from this workshop.", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/25058/emerging-trends-and-methods-in-international-security-proceedings-of-a", year = 2018, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine", editor = "Mariam Lam and Ashley Falcon and Nicole Merhill and Kaitlin Spear", title = "Approaches to the Evaluation of Sexual Harassment Prevention and Response Efforts", abstract = "Evaluation, an important component of all research, is critical to integrate into interventions addressing sexual harassment, because the targets of such harassment can suffer serious consequences, including physical and emotional harm, lost educational opportunities, and negative effects on their career. Not only are the consequences potentially severe, but the problem is pervasive across all levels of academia. Studies show that 20\u201350 percent of undergraduate and graduate students experience sexual harassment from faculty or staff, as well as nearly 50 percent of women faculty and staff in academia. Moreover, despite efforts in recent decades to prevent and respond effectively to sexual harassment, it remains a significant issue with no clear decline in incidence rates. This paper offers insight into selecting the appropriate methods for evaluating interventions based on evidence, case studies, and the perspectives and experiences of the authors. The goal of the paper is to provide interested parties in higher education with an introduction to methods and approaches to evaluating interventions designed to prevent and respond to sexual harassment in their institutions.\nThis individually-authored issue paper was created by members of the Evaluation Working Group of the Action Collaborative on Preventing Sexual Harassment in Higher Education to explore the challenges and research areas related to the evaluation of a wide range of efforts to address sexual harassment, which they present in this document. The Action Collaborative on Preventing Sexual Harassment in Higher Education of the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine brings together academic and research institutions and key stakeholders to work toward targeted, collective action on addressing and preventing sexual harassment across all disciplines and among all people in higher education. The Action Collaborative includes four working groups (Prevention, Response, Remediation, and Evaluation) that identify topics in need of research, gather information, and publish resources for the higher education community.", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/27267/approaches-to-the-evaluation-of-sexual-harassment-prevention-and-response-efforts", year = 2023, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "National Research Council", editor = "Lauress L. Wise and Richard J. Noeth and Judith A. Koenig", title = "Evaluation of the Voluntary National Tests, Year 2: Final Report", isbn = "978-0-309-06788-1", abstract = "In his 1997 State of the Union address, President Clinton announced a federal initiative to develop tests of 4th-grade reading and 8th-grade mathematics that could be administered on a voluntary basis by states and school districts beginning in spring 1999. The principal purpose of the Voluntary National Tests (VNT) is to provide parents and teachers with systematic and reliable information about the verbal and quantitative skills that students have achieved at two key points in their educational careers. The U.S. Department of Education anticipated that this information would serve as a catalyst for continued school improvement, by focusing parental and community attention on achievement and by providing an additional tool to hold school systems accountable for their students' performance in relation to nationwide standards.\nShortly after initial development work on the VNT, Congress transferred responsibility for VNT policies, direction, and guidelines from the department to the National Assessment Governing Board (NAGB, the governing body for the National Assessment of Educational Progress). Test development activities were to continue, but Congress prohibited pilot and field testing and operational use of the VNT pending further consideration. At the same time, Congress called on the National Research Council (NRC) to assess the VNT development activities. Since the evaluation began, the NRC has issued three reports on VNT development: an interim and final report on the first year's work and an interim report earlier on this second year's work. This final report includes the findings and recommendations from the interim report, modified by new information and analysis, and presents our overall conclusions and recommendations regarding the VNT.", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/9684/evaluation-of-the-voluntary-national-tests-year-2-final-report", year = 1999, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "Institute of Medicine", editor = "Beryl Lieff Benderly", title = "In Her Own Right: The Institute of Medicine's Guide to Women's Health Issues", isbn = "978-0-309-05327-3", abstract = "Right to life. Right to choice. Masectomy, lumpectomy. Vitamin therapy, hormone therapy, aromatherapy. Tabloids, op-eds, Phil, Sally, Oprah.\nYesterday, women confided in their doctors about health problems and received private, albeit sometimes paternalistic, attention. Today, women's health issues are headline material. Topics that once raised a blush now raise a blare of conflicting medical news and political advocacy.\nWomen welcome the new recognition of their health concerns. Now women are less often treated, as the old saw goes, as \"a uterus with a person attached.\"\nAt the same time, they need help in sorting through the flood of reports on scientific studies, claims of success for new treatments, and just plain myths. The Institute of Medicine (IOM) has responded to this need with In Her Own Right.\nThroughout its 25-year history, the IOM has provided authoritative views on fast-moving developments in medicine\u2014bringing accuracy, objectivity, and balance to the hottest controversies.\nTalented science writer Beryl Lieff Benderly synthesizes this expertise into a readable overview of women's health.\nWhy do women live longer than men? Why do more women than men suffer vertebral fractures? Benderly highlights what we know about the health differences between men and women and the mysteries that remain to be solved.\nWith a frank, conversational approach, Benderly examines women's health across the life span:\n\n Issues of female childhood, adolescence, and sexual maturity, including smoking, eating behavior, teen pregnancy, and more.\n The host of issues surrounding the reproductive years; contraception, infertility, abortion, pregnancy and birth, AIDS, and mental health.\n Postmenopausal life and issues of aging, as health choices made decades earlier come home to roost.\n\nBenderly addresses women's experience with the nation's health care establishment and the controversy over the lack of female representation in the world of scientific research.\nMuch more than a how-to guide, In Her Own Right translates the finest scholarship on topics of women's health into terms that will help any woman ask the right questions and make the right choices. Covering the spectrum from traditional beliefs to cutting-edge research, this book presents the personal insights of leading investigators, along with clear explanations of breakthrough studies written in plain English.", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/4956/in-her-own-right-the-institute-of-medicines-guide-to", year = 1997, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "National Research Council", editor = "Baruch Fischhoff and Cherie Chauvin", title = "Intelligence Analysis: Behavioral and Social Scientific Foundations", isbn = "978-0-309-17698-9", abstract = "The U.S. intelligence community (IC) is a complex human enterprise whose success depends on how well the people in it perform their work. Although often aided by sophisticated technologies, these people ultimately rely on their own intellect to identify, synthesize, and communicate the information on which the nation's security depends. The IC's success depends on having trained, motivated, and thoughtful people working within organizations able to understand, value, and coordinate their capabilities.\n\nIntelligence Analysis provides up-to-date scientific guidance for the intelligence community (IC) so that it might improve individual and group judgments, communication between analysts, and analytic processes. The papers in this volume provide the detailed evidentiary base for the National Research Council's report, Intelligence Analysis for Tomorrow: Advances from the Behavioral and Social Sciences. The opening chapter focuses on the structure, missions, operations, and characteristics of the IC while the following 12 papers provide in-depth reviews of key topics in three areas: analytic methods, analysts, and organizations.\n\nInformed by the IC's unique missions and constraints, each paper documents the latest advancements of the relevant science and is a stand-alone resource for the IC's leadership and workforce. The collection allows readers to focus on one area of interest (analytic methods, analysts, or organizations) or even one particular aspect of a category. As a collection, the volume provides a broad perspective of the issues involved in making difficult decisions, which is at the heart of intelligence analysis.\n\n ", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/13062/intelligence-analysis-behavioral-and-social-scientific-foundations", year = 2011, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "National Academy of Sciences", title = "The Effects of a Threatening Rumor on a Disaster-Stricken Community", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/9552/the-effects-of-a-threatening-rumor-on-a-disaster-stricken-community", year = 1958, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "National Research Council", editor = "Catherine E. Snow and M. Susan Burns and Peg Griffin", title = "Preventing Reading Difficulties in Young Children", isbn = "978-0-309-06418-7", abstract = "While most children learn to read fairly well, there remain many young Americans whose futures are imperiled because they do not read well enough to meet the demands of our competitive, technology-driven society. This book explores the problem within the context of social, historical, cultural, and biological factors.\nRecommendations address the identification of groups of children at risk, effective instruction for the preschool and early grades, effective approaches to dialects and bilingualism, the importance of these findings for the professional development of teachers, and gaps that remain in our understanding of how children learn to read. Implications for parents, teachers, schools, communities, the media, and government at all levels are discussed.\nThe book examines the epidemiology of reading problems and introduces the concepts used by experts in the field. In a clear and readable narrative, word identification, comprehension, and other processes in normal reading development are discussed.\nAgainst the background of normal progress, Preventing Reading Difficulties in Young Children examines factors that put children at risk of poor reading. It explores in detail how literacy can be fostered from birth through kindergarten and the primary grades, including evaluation of philosophies, systems, and materials commonly used to teach reading.", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/6023/preventing-reading-difficulties-in-young-children", year = 1998, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "National Research Council", title = "Statistical Analysis of Massive Data Streams: Proceedings of a Workshop", abstract = "Massive data streams, large quantities of data that arrive continuously, are becoming increasingly commonplace in many areas of science and technology. Consequently development of analytical methods for such streams is of growing importance. To address this issue, the National Security Agency asked the NRC to hold a workshop to explore methods for analysis of streams of data so as to stimulate progress in the field. This report presents the results of that workshop. It provides presentations that focused on five different research areas where massive data streams are present: atmospheric and meteorological data; high-energy physics; integrated data systems; network traffic; and mining commercial data streams. The goals of the report are to improve communication among researchers in the field and to increase relevant statistical science activity.", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/11098/statistical-analysis-of-massive-data-streams-proceedings-of-a-workshop", year = 2004, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "Institute of Medicine and National Research Council", editor = "Jack P. Shonkoff and Deborah A. Phillips", title = "From Neurons to Neighborhoods: The Science of Early Childhood Development", isbn = "978-0-309-48320-9", abstract = "How we raise young children is one of today's most highly personalized and sharply politicized issues, in part because each of us can claim some level of \"expertise.\" The debate has intensified as discoveries about our development\u2014in the womb and in the first months and years\u2014have reached the popular media.\nHow can we use our burgeoning knowledge to assure the well-being of all young children, for their own sake as well as for the sake of our nation? Drawing from new findings, this book presents important conclusions about nature-versus-nurture, the impact of being born into a working family, the effect of politics on programs for children, the costs and benefits of intervention, and other issues.\nThe committee issues a series of challenges to decision makers regarding the quality of child care, issues of racial and ethnic diversity, the integration of children's cognitive and emotional development, and more.\nAuthoritative yet accessible, From Neurons to Neighborhoods presents the evidence about \"brain wiring\" and how kids learn to speak, think, and regulate their behavior. It examines the effect of the climate\u2014family, child care, community\u2014within which the child grows.", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/9824/from-neurons-to-neighborhoods-the-science-of-early-childhood-development", year = 2000, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "National Academy of Sciences", title = "Biographical Memoirs: Volume 91", isbn = "978-0-309-14560-2", abstract = "Biographic Memoirs Volume 91 contains the biographies of deceased members of the National Academy of Sciences and bibliographies of their published works. Each biographical essay was written by a member of the Academy familiar with the professional career of the deceased. For historical and bibliographical purposes, these volumes are worth returning to time and again. ", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/12776/biographical-memoirs-volume-91", year = 2009, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" }