@BOOK{NAP author = "Transportation Research Board and National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine", editor = "John Fortin and Priscilla Bloomfield and Joseph Mahaz and Laith Alfaqih", title = "Guidebook for Advanced Computerized Maintenance Management System Integration at Airports", abstract = "TRB's Airport Cooperative Research Program (ACRP) Research Report 155: Guidebook for Advanced Computerized Maintenance Management System Integration at Airports explores the use of a Computerized Maintenance Management System (CMMS) to manage a variety of assets across a number of different airport systems. This report develops guidance on the steps necessary to implement a CMMS, factors for consideration in prioritizing which systems should be included in the CMMS using a phased approach, and the steps for integrating CMMS data into performance management and business decision making.", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/25053/guidebook-for-advanced-computerized-maintenance-management-system-integration-at-airports", year = 2018, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "Transportation Research Board and National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine", title = "Optical Sizing and Roundness Determination of Glass Beads Used in Traffic Markings", abstract = "TRB\u2019s National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Web-Only Document 156: Optical Sizing and Roundness Determination of Glass Beads Used in Traffic Markings is the final report on a project that examined the precision and bias of both optical and traditional mechanical methods for different glass bead types. The project also compared the precision and bias of various measurement methods, and explored development of a practice for the use of computerized optical methods and equipment to measure the size and roundness of glass beads used in traffic markings.A summary of the project was published as NCHRP Research Results Digest 346.", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/22927/optical-sizing-and-roundness-determination-of-glass-beads-used-in-traffic-markings", year = 2010, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "National Research Council", editor = "Cherie Chauvin", title = "Threatening Communications and Behavior: Perspectives on the Pursuit of Public Figures", isbn = "978-0-309-18670-4", abstract = "Today's world of rapid social, technological, and behavioral change provides new opportunities for communications with few limitations of time and space. Through these communications, people leave behind an ever-growing collection of traces of their daily activities, including digital footprints provided by text, voice, and other modes of communication. Meanwhile, new techniques for aggregating and evaluating diverse and multimodal information sources are available to security services that must reliably identify communications indicating a high likelihood of future violence.\nIn the context of this changed and changing world of communications and behavior, the Board on Behavioral, Cognitive, and Sensory Sciences of the National Research Council presents this volume of three papers as one portion of the vast subject of threatening communications and behavior. The papers review the behavioral and social sciences research on the likelihood that someone who engages in abnormal and\/or threatening communications will actually then try to do harm. The focus is on how the scientific knowledge can inform and advance future research on threat assessments, in part by considering the approaches and techniques used to analyze communications and behavior in the dynamic context of today's world.\nThe papers in the collection were written within the context of protecting high-profile public figures from potential attach or harm. The research, however, is broadly applicable to U.S. national security including potential applications for analysis of communications from leaders of hostile nations and public threats from terrorist groups. This work highlights the complex psychology of threatening communications and behavior, and it offers knowledge and perspectives from multiple domains that contribute to a deeper understanding of the value of communications in predicting and preventing violent behaviors.", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/13091/threatening-communications-and-behavior-perspectives-on-the-pursuit-of-public", year = 2011, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "Transportation Research Board and National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine", title = "Optical Sizing and Roundness Determination of Glass Beads Used in Traffic Markings", abstract = "TRB\u2019s National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Research Results Digest 346: Optical Sizing and Roundness Determination of Glass Beads Used in Traffic Markings summarizes the results of a project that examined the precision and bias of both optical and traditional mechanical methods for different glass bead types. The project also compared the precision and bias of various measurement methods, and explored development of a practice for the use of computerized optical methods and equipment to measure the size and roundness of glass beads used in traffic markings.The final report on this project was published as NCHRP Web-Only Document 156.", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/14433/optical-sizing-and-roundness-determination-of-glass-beads-used-in-traffic-markings", year = 2010, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "Transportation Research Board and National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine", editor = "Larry W. Thomas and James B. McDaniel", title = "Legal Issues Concerning Transit Agency Use of Electronic Customer Data", abstract = "TRB's Transit Cooperative Research Program (TCRP) Legal Research Digest (LRD) 48: Legal Issues Concerning Transit Agency Use of Electronic Customer Data explores the advantages, disadvantages, risks, and benefits for transit agencies moving to electronic, cloudbased, and other computerized systems for fare purchases and for communicating with customers. \u201cSmart\u201d fare cards are now commonplace, and private businesses and transit agencies are using or planning to use smartphones, smart cards and credit cards, and other systems to obtain payment, location, and other personal data from customers.This digest updates TCRP LRD 14: Privacy Issues in Public Transportation (2000) and TCRP LRD 25: Privacy Issues with the Use of Smart Cards (2008) and covers additional dimensions of collection and use of personal information using new technologies developed since those studies. Appendix A-D are available online only.", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/24730/legal-issues-concerning-transit-agency-use-of-electronic-customer-data", year = 2017, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "Institute of Medicine", title = "Health IT and Patient Safety: Building Safer Systems for Better Care", isbn = "978-0-309-22112-2", abstract = "IOM's 1999 landmark study To Err is Human estimated that between 44,000 and 98,000 lives are lost every year due to medical errors. This call to action has led to a number of efforts to reduce errors and provide safe and effective health care. Information technology (IT) has been identified as a way to enhance the safety and effectiveness of care. In an effort to catalyze its implementation, the U.S. government has invested billions of dollars toward the development and meaningful use of effective health IT.\nDesigned and properly applied, health IT can be a positive transformative force for delivering safe health care, particularly with computerized prescribing and medication safety. However, if it is designed and applied inappropriately, health IT can add an additional layer of complexity to the already complex delivery of health care. Poorly designed IT can introduce risks that may lead to unsafe conditions, serious injury, or even death. Poor human-computer interactions could result in wrong dosing decisions and wrong diagnoses. Safe implementation of health IT is a complex, dynamic process that requires a shared responsibility between vendors and health care organizations. Health IT and Patient Safety makes recommendations for developing a framework for patient safety and health IT. This book focuses on finding ways to mitigate the risks of health IT-assisted care and identifies areas of concern so that the nation is in a better position to realize the potential benefits of health IT.\nHealth IT and Patient Safety is both comprehensive and specific in terms of recommended options and opportunities for public and private interventions that may improve the safety of care that incorporates the use of health IT. This book will be of interest to the health IT industry, the federal government, healthcare providers and other users of health IT, and patient advocacy groups.", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/13269/health-it-and-patient-safety-building-safer-systems-for-better", year = 2012, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "National Research Council", title = "State Voter Registration Databases: Immediate Actions and Future Improvements: Interim Report", isbn = "978-0-309-11878-1", abstract = "The Help America Vote Act of 2002 requires the states to develop a single, computerized voter registration data base (VRD) that is defined, maintained, and administered at the state level. To help the states with this task, the U.S. Election Assistance Commission asked the NRC to organize a series of workshops and prepare an interim report addressing the challenges in implementing and maintaining state VRDs. The EAC also asked the NRC to advise the states on how to evolve and maintain the databases so that they can share information with each other. This report provides an examination of various challenges to the deployment of state VRDs and describes potential solutions to these challenges. This interim report's primary focus is on shorter-term recommendations although a number of long-range recommendations are presented. The final report will elaborate on the long-range questions and address considerations about interstate interoperability of the VRDs.", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/12173/state-voter-registration-databases-immediate-actions-and-future-improvements-interim", year = 2008, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "National Research Council", editor = "Daniel L. Cork and Michael L. Cohen and Robert Groves and William Kalsbeek", title = "Survey Automation: Report and Workshop Proceedings", isbn = "978-0-309-08930-2", abstract = "For over 100 years, the evolution of modern survey methodology\u2014using the theory of representative sampling to make interferences from a part of the population to the whole\u2014has been paralleled by a drive toward automation, harnessing technology and computerization to make parts of the survey process easier, faster, and better. The availability of portable computers in the late 1980s ushered in computer-assisted personal interviewing (CAPI), in which interviewers administer a survey instrument to respondents using a computerized version of the questionnaire on a portable laptop computer. Computer assisted interviewing (CAI) methods have proven to be extremely useful and beneficial in survey administration. However, the practical problems encountered in documentation and testing CAI instruments suggest that this is an opportune time to reexamine not only the process of developing CAI instruments but also the future directions of survey automation writ large. \n", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/10695/survey-automation-report-and-workshop-proceedings", year = 2003, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "Institute of Medicine and National Research Council", title = "Countering Bioterrorism: The Role of Science and Technology", isbn = "978-0-309-08607-3", abstract = "The attacks of September 11 and the release of anthrax spores revealed enormous vulnerabilities in the U.S. public-health infrastructure and suggested similar vulnerabilities in the agricultural infrastructure as well. The traditional public health response\u2014surveillance (intelligence), prevention, detection, response, recovery, and attribution\u2014is the paradigm for the national response not only to all forms of terrorism but also to emerging infectious diseases. Thus, investments in research on bioterrorism will have enormous potential for application in the detection, prevention, and treatment of emerging infectious diseases that also are unpredictable and against which we must be prepared. The deciphering of the human genome sequence and the complete elucidation of numerous pathogen genomes, our rapidly increasing understanding of the molecular mechanisms of pathogenesis and of immune responses, and new strategies for designing drugs and vaccines all offer unprecedented opportunities to use science to counter bioterrorist threats. But these same developments also allow science to be misused to create new agents of mass destruction. Hence the effort to confront bioterrorism must be a global one. Countering Bioterrorism makes the following recommendations: \nRecommendation 1: All agencies with responsibility for homeland security should work together to establish stronger and more meaningful working ties between the intelligence, S&T, and public health communities.\nRecommendation 2: Federal agencies should work cooperatively and in collaboration with industry to develop and evaluate rapid, sensitive, and specific early-detection technologies.\nRecommendation 3: Create a global network for detection and surveillance, making use of computerized methods for real-time reporting and analysis to rapidly detect new patterns of disease locally, nationally, and ultimately\u2014 internationally. The use of high-throughput methodologies that are being increasingly utilized in modern biological research should be an important component of this expanded and highly automated surveillance strategy.\nRecommendation 4: Use knowledge of complex biological patterns and high-throughput laboratory automation to classify and diagnose infections in patients in primary care settings.\nRecommendation 5: USDA should create an agency for control and prevention of plant disease. This agency should have the capabilities necessary to deal effectively with biothreats.", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/10536/countering-bioterrorism-the-role-of-science-and-technology", year = 2002, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP editor = "Mike Hally", title = "Electronic Brains: Stories from the Dawn of the Computer Age", abstract = "We've come so far, so fast. Within a relatively short period of time, we've managed to put enormous computing power in offices and homes around the globe. But before there was an IBM computer, before there were laptops and personal PCs, there were small independent teams of pioneers working on the development of the very first computer. Scattered around the globe and ranging in temperament and talent, they forged the future in basement labs, backyard, workshops, and old horse barns.\nTracing the period just after World War II when the first truly modern computers were developed, Electronic Brains chronicles the escapades of the world's first \"techies.\" Some of the initial projects are quite famous and well known, such as \"LEO\", the Lyons Electronic Office, which was developed by the catering company J. Lyons & Co. in London in the 1940s. Others are a bit more arcane, such as the ABC, which was built in a basement at Iowa State College and was abandoned to obscurity at the beginning of WWII. And then - like the tale of the Rand 409 which wss constructed in a barn in Connecticut under the watchful eye of a stuffed moose - there are the stories that are virtually unknown. All combine to create a fascinating history of a now-ubiquitous technology.\nRelying on extensive interviews from surviving members of the original teams of hardware jockeys, author Mike Hally recreates the atmosphere of the early days of computing. Rich with provocative and entertaining descriptions, we are introduced go the many eccentric, obsessive, and fiercely loyal men and women who laid the foundations for the computerized world in which we now live. As the acronyms fly fast and furious - UNIVAC, CSIRAC, and MESM, to name just a few - Electronic Brains provides a vivid sense of time, place, and science.", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/11319/electronic-brains-stories-from-the-dawn-of-the-computer-age", year = 2005, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP title = "Automated Database Needs for the Computerized Instruments Industry: A Report of a Meeting Held June 14, 1988", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/19070/automated-database-needs-for-the-computerized-instruments-industry-a-report", year = 1989, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "National Research Council", title = "The Polygraph and Lie Detection", isbn = "978-0-309-26392-4", abstract = "The polygraph, often portrayed as a magic mind-reading machine, is still controversial among experts, who continue heated debates about its validity as a lie-detecting device. As the nation takes a fresh look at ways to enhance its security, can the polygraph be considered a useful tool?\nThe Polygraph and Lie Detection puts the polygraph itself to the test, reviewing and analyzing data about its use in criminal investigation, employment screening, and counter-intelligence.\nThe book looks at:\n\n The theory of how the polygraph works and evidence about how deceptiveness\u2014and other psychological conditions\u2014affect the physiological responses that the polygraph measures.\n Empirical evidence on the performance of the polygraph and the success of subjects' countermeasures.\n The actual use of the polygraph in the arena of national security, including its role in deterring threats to security.\n\nThe book addresses the difficulties of measuring polygraph accuracy, the usefulness of the technique for aiding interrogation and for deterrence, and includes potential alternatives\u2014such as voice-stress analysis and brain measurement techniques.", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/10420/the-polygraph-and-lie-detection", year = 2003, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP title = "Developing Data-Input Standards for Computerized Maintenance Management Systems: Summary of a Symposium/Workshop", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/9099/developing-data-input-standards-for-computerized-maintenance-management-systems-summary", year = 1994, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP title = "Materials Properties Data Management: Approaches to a Critical National Need", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/19463/materials-properties-data-management-approaches-to-a-critical-national-need", year = 1983, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "National Research Council", editor = "Willis D. Hawley and Timothy Ready", title = "Measuring Access to Learning Opportunities", isbn = "978-0-309-08897-8", abstract = "Since 1968 the Elementary and Secondary School Civil Rights Compliance Report (known as the E&S survey) has been used to gather information about possible disparities in access to learning opportunities and violations of students\u2019 civil rights. Thirty-five years after the initiation of the E&S survey, large disparities remain both in educational outcomes and in access to learning opportunities and resources. These disparities may reflect violations of students\u2019 civil rights, the failure of education policies and practices to provide students from all backgrounds with a similar educational experience, or both. They may also reflect the failure of schools to fully compensate for disparities and current differences in parents\u2019 education, income, and family structure.\n\nThe Committee on Improving Measures of Access to Equal Educational Opportunities concludes that the E&S survey continues to play an essential role in documenting these disparities and in providing information that is useful both in guiding efforts to protect students\u2019 civil rights and for informing educational policy and practice. The committee also concludes that the survey\u2019s usefulness and access to the survey data could be improved. \n", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/10673/measuring-access-to-learning-opportunities", year = 2003, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP title = "Mobility of PhD's Before and After the Doctorate", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/20481/mobility-of-phds-before-and-after-the-doctorate", year = 1971, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP title = "Mechanical Properties Data for Metals and Alloys: Status of Data Reporting, Collecting, Appraising, and Disseminating", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/21133/mechanical-properties-data-for-metals-and-alloys-status-of-data", year = 1980, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP title = "Automatic Speech Recognition in Severe Environments", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/19357/automatic-speech-recognition-in-severe-environments", year = 1984, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "National Research Council", title = "Abrupt Climate Change: Inevitable Surprises", isbn = "978-0-309-07434-6", abstract = "The climate record for the past 100,000 years clearly indicates that the climate system has undergone periodic\u2014and often extreme\u2014shifts, sometimes in as little as a decade or less. The causes of abrupt climate changes have not been clearly established, but the triggering of events is likely to be the result of multiple natural processes.\n\nAbrupt climate changes of the magnitude seen in the past would have far-reaching implications for human society and ecosystems, including major impacts on energy consumption and water supply demands. Could such a change happen again? Are human activities exacerbating the likelihood of abrupt climate change? What are the potential societal consequences of such a change? \n\nAbrupt Climate Change: Inevitable Surprises looks at the current scientific evidence and theoretical understanding to describe what is currently known about abrupt climate change, including patterns and magnitudes, mechanisms, and probability of occurrence. It identifies critical knowledge gaps concerning the potential for future abrupt changes, including those aspects of change most important to society and economies, and outlines a research strategy to close those gaps. \n\nBased on the best and most current research available, this book surveys the history of climate change and makes a series of specific recommendations for the future.", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/10136/abrupt-climate-change-inevitable-surprises", year = 2002, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "Institute of Medicine", editor = "Stanley M. Lemon and P. Frederick Sparling and Margaret A. Hamburg and David A. Relman and Eileen R. Choffnes and Alison Mack", title = "Vector-Borne Diseases: Understanding the Environmental, Human Health, and Ecological Connections: Workshop Summary", isbn = "978-0-309-10897-3", abstract = "Vector-borne infectious diseases, such as malaria, dengue fever, yellow fever, and plague, cause a significant fraction of the global infectious disease burden; indeed, nearly half of the world's population is infected with at least one type of vector-borne pathogen (CIESIN, 2007; WHO, 2004a). Vector-borne plant and animal diseases, including several newly recognized pathogens, reduce agricultural productivity and disrupt ecosystems throughout the world. These diseases profoundly restrict socioeconomic status and development in countries with the highest rates of infection, many of which are located in the tropics and subtropics.\n\nAlthough this workshop summary provides an account of the individual presentations, it also reflects an important aspect of the Forum philosophy. The workshop functions as a dialogue among representatives from different sectors and allows them to present their beliefs about which areas may merit further attention. These proceedings summarize only the statements of participants in the workshop and are not intended to be an exhaustive exploration of the subject matter or a representation of consensus evaluation. Vector-Borne Diseases : Understanding the Environmental, Human Health, and Ecological Connections, Workshop Summary (Forum on Microbial Threats) summarizes this workshop.", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/11950/vector-borne-diseases-understanding-the-environmental-human-health-and-ecological", year = 2008, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" }