@BOOK{NAP author = "National Academy of Engineering", title = "Time Horizons and Technology Investments", isbn = "978-0-309-04647-3", abstract = "It is frequently argued that U.S. corporations have shorter time horizons for planning and investment than their Japanese and German competitors. This argument, though widely accepted in studies of U.S. competitiveness, has rarely been examined in depth.\nTime Horizons and Technology Investments explores the evidence that some U.S. corporations consistently select projects biased toward short-term return and addresses factors influencing the time-related preferences of U.S. corporate managers in selecting projects for investment. It makes recommendations to policymakers and managers about policies to mitigate negative external influences and about strategies to remove internal biases toward noncompetitive decisions.", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/1943/time-horizons-and-technology-investments", year = 1992, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine", editor = "Constance F. Citro and Michael L. Cohen", title = "The Bicentennial Census: New Directions for Methodology in 1990: 30th Anniversary Edition", isbn = "978-0-309-37297-8", abstract = "In 1982 the Census Bureau requested the Committee on National Statistics to establish a panel to suggest research and experiments, to recommend improved methods, and to guide the Census Bureau on technical problems in appraising contending methods with regard to the conduct of the decennial census. In response, the panel produced an interim report that focused on recommendations for improvements in census methodology that warranted early investigation and testing. This report updates and expands the ideas and conclusions about decennial census methodology. \n", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/21728/the-bicentennial-census-new-directions-for-methodology-in-1990-30th", year = 2015, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "National Research Council", editor = "Joan F. Lorden and Charlotte V. Kuh and James A. Voytuk", title = "Research-Doctorate Programs in the Biomedical Sciences: Selected Findings from the NRC Assessment", abstract = "Research Doctorate Programs in the Biomedical Sciences: Selected Findings from the NRC Assessment examines data on the biomedical sciences programs to gather additional insight about the talent, training environment, outcomes, diversity, and international participation in the biomedical sciences workforce. This report supports an earlier publication, A Data-Based Assessment of Research-Doctorate Programs in the United States, which analyzes data and rankings from more than 5,000 doctoral programs, 982 of which were in the biomedical sciences. Research Doctorate Programs in the Biomedical Sciences explores questions about degrees and completion rates as they relate to GRE scores, student funding, program facilities, diversity among faculty members, and other variables. The report examines 11 biomedical science fields including cell and developmental biology, genetics and genomics, microbiology, nutrition, and physiology, among others.", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/13213/research-doctorate-programs-in-the-biomedical-sciences-selected-findings-from", year = 2011, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "Institute of Medicine and National Research Council", editor = "Peter C. Adamson and Susan L. Weiner and Joseph V. Simone and Hellen Gelband", title = "Making Better Drugs for Children with Cancer", isbn = "978-0-309-09608-9", abstract = "The successes that have been achieved in treating childhood cancers stand as beacons against the less dramatic improvements for adults with cancer. Progress began to accelerate in the 1960s and 1970s, as treatment regimens were built up, primarily by building combinations of chemotherapeutic drugs. However the near absence of research in pediatric cancer drug discovery threatens to halt the progress in childhood cancer treatment achieved during the past four decades. Making Better Drugs for Children with Cancer identifies the major issues to be addressed in developing new agents for childhood cancers, the gaps in research and development, and the steps that have been suggested to move the process forward. This report also makes a new proposal to capitalize on today's science to bring new treatments to children's cancers.", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/11259/making-better-drugs-for-children-with-cancer", year = 2005, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "National Research Council", title = "Mineral Tolerance of Animals: Second Revised Edition, 2005", isbn = "978-0-309-09654-6", abstract = "Excess minerals in the diet and water of animals can have an adverse effect on animal health, consumers, and the environment. Preventing unsafe mineral exposure is a fundamental part of animal nutrition and management. At the request of the Food and Drug Administration, the National Academies convened a committee to make recommendations on animal tolerances and toxic dietary levels, updating a 1980 report on mineral tolerance in domestic animals. Based on a review of current scientific data and information, the report sets a \"maximum tolerable level\" (MTL) for each mineral as it applies to the diets of farm animals, poultry, and fish. The report includes an analysis of the effects of toxic levels in animal diets, and it identifies elements that pose potential human health concerns. The report recommends research that includes a better characterization of animal exposure to minerals through feedstuffs; a better understanding of the relationship between mineral concentrations in feed and water and the levels in consumer products such as meat, milk, and eggs; and more research on the maximum tolerable level of minerals for aquatic and companion animals.", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/11309/mineral-tolerance-of-animals-second-revised-edition-2005", year = 2005, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "National Research Council", title = "Advice on the Department of Energy's Cleanup Technology Roadmap: Gaps and Bridges", isbn = "978-0-309-13231-2", abstract = "Beginning with the Manhattan Project and continuing through the Cold War, the United States government constructed and operated a massive industrial complex to produce and test nuclear weapons and related technologies. When the Cold War ended, most of this complex was shut down permanently or placed on standby, and the United States government began a costly, long-term effort to clean up the materials, wastes, and environmental contamination resulting from its nuclear materials production. \n\nIn 1989, Congress created the Office of Environmental Management (EM) within the Department of Energy (DOE) to manage this cleanup effort. Although EM has already made substantial progress, the scope of EM's future cleanup work is enormous. \n\nAdvice on the Department of Energy's Cleanup Technology Roadmap: Gaps and Bridges provides advice to support the development of a cleanup technology roadmap for EM. The book identifies existing technology gaps and their priorities, strategic opportunities to leverage needed research and development programs with other organizations, needed core capabilities, and infrastructure at national laboratories and EM sites that should be maintained, all of which are necessary to accomplish EM's mission.\n ", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/12603/advice-on-the-department-of-energys-cleanup-technology-roadmap-gaps", year = 2009, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine", editor = "Emily Twigg", title = "Coastal Blue Carbon Approaches for Carbon Dioxide Removal and Reliable Sequestration: Proceedings of a Workshop—in Brief", abstract = "Coastal environments provide many valuable ecosystem services. Their role as carbon sinks has been a topic of exploration to evaluate the potential for the restoration and management of coastal habitats as a viable carbon dioxide removal (CDR) approach. To explore the state of knowledge, technical research needs, costs, co-benefits, and societal and governance constraints of CDR in coastal ecosystems (often termed coastal blue carbon), the Committee on Developing a Research Agenda for Carbon Dioxide Removal and Sequestration convened its first workshop on July 26, 2017, in Woods Hole, Massachusetts. Invited speakers described their relevant work in order to provide the committee with an overview of the state of knowledge and research needs related to understanding carbon capacity and flux in coastal systems, the processes driving sustainability of coastal wetland carbon storage in the future, potential incentives for coastal blue carbon, and policy and governance challenges. The workshop was preceded by an introductory webinar on July 19, 2017, where invited speakers provided an overview of the ecosystems under consideration for coastal carbon removal and sequestration, as well as the costs and other considerations of restoring them. This publication summarizes the presentations from both the webinar and workshop.", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/24965/coastal-blue-carbon-approaches-for-carbon-dioxide-removal-and-reliable-sequestration", year = 2017, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP editor = "Walter M. Fitch and Francisco J. Ayala", title = "Tempo and Mode in Evolution: Genetics and Paleontology 50 Years After Simpson", isbn = "978-0-309-05191-0", abstract = "Since George Gaylord Simpson published Tempo and Mode in Evolution in 1944, discoveries in paleontology and genetics have abounded. This volume brings together the findings and insights of today's leading experts in the study of evolution, including Ayala, W. Ford Doolittle, and Stephen Jay Gould.\nThe volume examines early cellular evolution, explores changes in the tempo of evolution between the Precambrian and Phanerozoic periods, and reconstructs the Cambrian evolutionary burst. Long-neglected despite Darwin's interest in it, species extinction is discussed in detail.\nAlthough the absence of data kept Simpson from exploring human evolution in his book, the current volume covers morphological and genetic changes in human populations, contradicting the popular claim that all modern humans descend from a single woman.\nThis book discusses the role of molecular clocks, the results of evolution in 12 populations of Escherichia coli propagated for 10,000 generations, a physical map of Drosophila chromosomes, and evidence for \"hitchhiking\" by mutations.", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/4910/tempo-and-mode-in-evolution-genetics-and-paleontology-50-years", year = 1995, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP title = "Report of the Eclipse Expedition to Caroline Island, May 1883.", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/26798/report-of-the-eclipse-expedition-to-caroline-island-may-1883", year = 1884, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "National Research Council", title = "Responding to Changes in Sea Level: Engineering Implications", isbn = "978-0-309-03781-5", abstract = "Over the last 100 years, sea level has risen approximately 12 centimeters and is expected to continue rising at an even faster rate. This situation has serious implications for human activity along our coasts. In this book, geological and coastal engineering experts examine recent sea level trends and project changes over the next 100 years, anticipating shoreline response to changing sea level and the consequences for coastal development and uses. Scenarios for future sea level rise and several case studies are presented.", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/1006/responding-to-changes-in-sea-level-engineering-implications", year = 1987, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "Transportation Research Board", title = "Durability of Precast Segmental Bridges: Final Report", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/6356/durability-of-precast-segmental-bridges-final-report", year = 1998, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "National Research Council", editor = "Jonathan O. Cole", title = "Committee on Problems of Alcohol: A Report of Its Activities From 1949 to 1955, the Research Work It Has Supported and the Place of This Work in the Field of Alcoholism", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/18472/committee-on-problems-of-alcohol-a-report-of-its-activities", year = 1956, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "Transportation Research Board and National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine", editor = "Joonbum Lee, Christian M. Richard, John L. Campbell, James L. Brown, Liberty Hoekstra-Atwood, Kelly Magee, David M. Prendez, Battelle and Jeremy L. Schroeder, Athey Creek Consultants", title = "Principles and Guidance for Presenting Active Traffic Management Information to Drivers", abstract = "Active Traffic Management (ATM) strategies have become more common in the United States as state departments of transportation grapple with increasing congestion and fewer dollars available to add capacity to keep pace.The TRB National Cooperative Highway Research Program's NCHRP Web-Only Document 286: Principles and Guidance for Presenting Active Traffic Management Information to Drivers develops and details principles and guidance for presenting drivers with dynamic information that can be frequently updated based on real-time conditions.These principles and guidance should improve the effectiveness of ATM strategies, which include systems to manage congestion, incidents, weather, special events, and work zones.", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/25994/principles-and-guidance-for-presenting-active-traffic-management-information-to-drivers", year = 2021, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "Transportation Research Board and National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine", title = "Twin Trailer Trucks: Special Report 211", abstract = "TRB Special Report 211: Twin Trailer Trucks examines the potential safety effects of the new federal truck size rules (the Surface Transportation Act of 1982 requires states to permit twin 28-ft trailers on Interstate highways and on principal roads). The study also addressed other effects of the new rules on highway transportation including the trucking industry use of twins, safety consequences of twins, pavement wear and other highway features affected by twins, and safety and pavement wear affected by 48-ft long semitrailers and 102- in. wide trucks.The use of twin trailer trucks will be concentrated in the general freight common carriers sector and will result in a 9% reduction in combination-truck miles in the portion of their hauling that is switched from tractor-semitrailers to twins. It is not expected that either the scope of the current highway network or restrictions on access to that network will have an impact on travel by twins. The increased use of twins will have little overall effect on highway safety. However, twins will accelerate pavement wear and increase rehabilitation costs. The use of 102-in. wide trucks and 48- ft semitrailers (also permitted by the 1982 law) also increases pavement wear. Recommendations are presented that would help coordinate the efforts of various data producers and users of programs that collect nationwide information on truck travel, safety, and highway impact, and thus enhance their ability to provide data addressing policy questions. Recommendations are also made for improving the safety of the vehicles. The various chapters of the book cover the study method and report organization; the historical and regulatory background; use characteristics and cost impacts; safety impacts; highway condition, operation and design impacts; long-term monitoring; and conclusions drawn from the study.", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/11364/twin-trailer-trucks-special-report-211", year = 1986, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP title = "Investing for Productivity and Prosperity", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/9075/investing-for-productivity-and-prosperity", year = 1994, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "National Research Council", editor = "Heidi I. Hartmann", title = "Comparable Worth: New Directions for Research", isbn = "978-0-309-03534-7", abstract = "Comparable worth\u2014equal pay for jobs of equal value\u2014has been called the civil rights issue of the 1980s. This volume consists of a committee report that sets forth an agenda of much-needed research on this issue, supported by six papers contributed by eminent social scientists. The research agenda presented is structured around two general themes: (1) occupational wage differentials and discrimination and (2) wage adjustment strategies and their impact. The papers deal with a wide range of topics, including job evaluation, social judgment biases in comparable worth analysis, the economics of comparable worth, and prospects for pay equity.", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/55/comparable-worth-new-directions-for-research", year = 1985, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine", editor = "Kavita Berger and Jessica De Mouy and Audrey Thévenon and Sabina Vadnais", title = "Management of Indoor Air and Airborne Pathogens: Proceedings of a Workshop Series–in Brief", abstract = "The presence of virus particles and other contaminants provides unique challenges in indoor air environments, particularly if these contaminants can infect people through respiratory routes. These challenges were emphasized during the COVID-19 pandemic because of the documented human transmission of SARS-CoV-2 through the air, but they also apply to other airborne pathogens. The Environmental Health Matters Initiative of the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine held a three-part series on Indoor Air Management of Airborne Pathogens to consider the state of knowledge about building management, ventilation, and air cleaning for respiratory airborne pathogens; discuss experiences with management of indoor spaces during the COVID-19 pandemic, specifically of schools and public transportation; and suggest mitigation strategies to be adopted to make these spaces safer. This publication summarizes the presentations and discussion of the series.", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/27316/management-of-indoor-air-and-airborne-pathogens-proceedings-of-a", year = 2023, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "Institute of Medicine and National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine", editor = "Meghan Quirk and Janet Mulligan", title = "Data-Gathering Workshop for the Committee on Evaluating Approaches to Assessing Prevalence and Trends in Obesity: Workshop in Brief", abstract = "The Robert Wood Johnson Foundation (RWJF) asked the Institute of Medicine of the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine to convene an ad hoc committee to examine the methodological approaches to collecting data, conducting analyses, and interpreting obesity prevalence and trends at the national, state, and local levels, with a particular focus on children and young adults.\nThe committee convened a data-gathering workshop, held in Washington, DC, on July 28, 2015. The workshop was intended to provide the committee with information and perspectives to consider as it addresses the topic areas identified in the statement of task and progresses toward findings, conclusions, and recommendations. This workshop in brief summarizes highlights from the presentations and discussions that took place during the data-gathering workshop.", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/21864/data-gathering-workshop-for-the-committee-on-evaluating-approaches-to-assessing-prevalence-and-trends-in-obesity", year = 2015, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "Transportation Research Board and National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine", title = "Public Transportation Emergency Mobilization and Emergency Operations Guide: Appendix B--Survey of U. S. Public Transportation Systems", abstract = "TRB's Transit Cooperative Research Program (TCRP) Web Only Document 25, Public Transportation Emergency Mobilization Guide: Appendix B\u2014Survey of U. S. Public Transportation Systems includes additional information on the survey used as input on TCRP Report 86: Public Transportation Security, Volume 7 with the same title. TCRP Report 86 examines actions that may be taken by public transportation agencies working with their local communities to promote the early recognition of emergency events, expedite response to emergency events, establish multi-agency coordination, and ensure that public transportation resources are available to support the response to an emergency event.The TCRP Report 86: Public Transportation Security series assembles relevant information into single, concise volumes, each pertaining to a specific security problem and closely related issues. These volumes focus on the concerns that transit agencies are addressing when developing programs in response to the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001, and the anthrax attacks that followed. Future volumes of the report will be issued as they are completed. ", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/23302/public-transportation-emergency-mobilization-and-emergency-operations-guide-appendix-b-survey-of-u-s-public-transportation-systems", year = 2005, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "National Research Council", title = "In Situ Bioremediation: When Does it Work?", isbn = "978-0-309-04896-5", abstract = "In situ bioremediation\u2014the use of microorganisms for on-site removal of contaminants\u2014is potentially cheaper, faster, and safer than conventional cleanup methods. But in situ bioremediation is also clouded in uncertainty, controversy, and mistrust.\nThis volume from the National Research Council provides direction for decisionmakers and offers detailed and readable explanations of:\n\n the processes involved in in situ bioremediation,\n circumstances in which it is best used, and\n methods of measurement, field testing, and modeling to evaluate the results of bioremediation projects.\n\nBioremediation experts representing academic research, field practice, regulation, and industry provide accessible information and case examples; they explore how in situ bioremediation works, how it has developed since its first commercial use in 1972, and what research and education efforts are recommended for the future. The volume includes a series of perspective papers.\nThe book will be immediately useful to policymakers, regulators, bioremediation practitioners and purchasers, environmental groups, concerned citizens, faculty, and students.", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/2131/in-situ-bioremediation-when-does-it-work", year = 1993, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" }