@BOOK{NAP author = "Transportation Research Board and National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine", editor = "Daniel K. Boyle", title = "Transit Agency Practices in Interacting with People Who Are Homeless", abstract = "TRB's Transit Cooperative Research Program (TCRP) Synthesis 121: Transit Agency Practices in Interacting with People Who Are Homeless reports on effective practices, approaches, and outcomes regarding interactions within the transit industry with people who are homeless. A literature review summarizes policies and practices used in both the transit and library communities. Because public libraries are similar to public transportation in offering services to all members of the general public and in being viewed as a safe haven for people who are homeless, the literature review includes an examination of library policies and procedures related to people who are homeless.", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/23450/transit-agency-practices-in-interacting-with-people-who-are-homeless", year = 2016, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "National Research Council", title = "The Digital Dilemma: Intellectual Property in the Information Age", isbn = "978-0-309-06499-6", abstract = "Imagine sending a magazine article to 10 friends-making photocopies, putting them in envelopes, adding postage, and mailing them. Now consider how much easier it is to send that article to those 10 friends as an attachment to e-mail. Or to post the article on your own site on the World Wide Web.\nThe ease of modifying or copying digitized material and the proliferation of computer networking have raised fundamental questions about copyright and patent\u2014intellectual property protections rooted in the U.S. Constitution. Hailed for quick and convenient access to a world of material, the Internet also poses serious economic issues for those who create and market that material. If people can so easily send music on the Internet for free, for example, who will pay for music?\nThis book presents the multiple facets of digitized intellectual property, defining terms, identifying key issues, and exploring alternatives. It follows the complex threads of law, business, incentives to creators, the American tradition of access to information, the international context, and the nature of human behavior. Technology is explored for its ability to transfer content and its potential to protect intellectual property rights. The book proposes research and policy recommendations as well as principles for policymaking.", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/9601/the-digital-dilemma-intellectual-property-in-the-information-age", year = 2000, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "National Research Council", editor = "John Bongaarts and Rodolfo A. Bulatao", title = "Beyond Six Billion: Forecasting the World's Population", isbn = "978-0-309-46622-6", abstract = "Is rapid world population growth actually coming to an end? As population growth and its consequences have become front-page issues, projections of slowing growth from such institutions as the United Nations and the World Bank have been called into question.\nBeyond Six Billion asks what such projections really say, why they say it, whether they can be trusted, and whether they can be improved. The book includes analysis of how well past U.N. and World Bank projections have panned out, what errors have occurred, and why they have happened.\nFocusing on fertility as one key to accurate projections, the committee examines the transition from high, constant fertility to low fertility levels and discusses whether developing countries will eventually attain the very low levels of births now observed in the industrialized world. Other keys to accurate projections, predictions of lengthening life span and of the impact of international migration on specific countries, are also explored in detail.\nHow good are our methods of population forecasting? How can we cope with the inevitable uncertainty? What population trends can we anticipate? Beyond Six Billion illuminates not only the forces that shape population growth but also the accuracy of the methods we use to quantify these forces and the uncertainty surrounding projections.\nThe Committee on Population was established by the National Academy of Sciences (NAS) in 1983 to bring the knowledge and methods of the population sciences to bear on major issues of science and public policy. The committee's work includes both basic studies of fertility, health and mortality, and migration; and applied studies aimed at improving programs for the public health and welfare in the United States and in developing countries. The committee also fosters communication among researchers in different disciplines and countries and policy makers in government, international agencies, and private organizations. The work of the committee is made possible by funding from several government agencies and private foundations.", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/9828/beyond-six-billion-forecasting-the-worlds-population", year = 2000, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "National Research Council", editor = "Dick Thornburgh and Herbert S. Lin", title = "Youth, Pornography, and the Internet", isbn = "978-0-309-08274-7", abstract = "The Internet has changed the way we access the world. This is especially true for kids, who soak up new technologies like eager little sponges. They have access to an enormous array of material, including educational links, sports info, chat rooms\u2014and, unfortunately, pornography. But we must approach our need to protect children with care to avoid placing unnecessary restrictions on the many positive features of the Internet.\nYouth, Pornography, and the Internet examines approaches to protecting children and teens from Internet pornography, threats from sexual predators operating on-line, and other inappropriate material on the Internet. The National Research Council\u2019s Computer Science and Telecommunications Board explores a number of fundamental questions: Who defines what is inappropriate material? Do we control Internet access by a 17-year-old in the same manner as for a 7-year-old? What is the role of technology and policy in solving such a problem in the context of family, community, and society?\nThe book discusses social and educational strategies, technological tools, and policy options for how to teach children to make safe and appropriate decisions about what they see and experience on the Internet. It includes lessons learned from case studies of community efforts to intervene in kids\u2019 exposure to Internet porn.\nProviding a foundation for informed debate, this very timely and relevant book will be a must-read for a variety of audiences.\n", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/10261/youth-pornography-and-the-internet", year = 2002, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP editor = "May R. Berenbaum", title = "Buzzwords: A Scientist Muses on Sex, Bugs, and Rock 'n' Roll", abstract = "What sort of person devotes their life to the study of bugs? How do you picture your average, every-day entomologist? \"I've been photographed on several occasions,\" writes author May Berenbaum, \"and it seems that every time, photographers ask me to pose in one of three ways: seated in front of a microscope, with an insect (usually a cockroach) on my face, or with an insect net clutched in my hand.\"\nIn Buzzwords, Berenbaum expertly blows away these stereotypes with short takes on all things entomological\u2014from the story of a pet ant kept for 14 years to major motion pictures featuring cockroaches.\nBuzzwords showcases the Best of Berenbaum, a selection from her humor column in the American Entomologist professional journal, accompanied by a number of original pieces written for this book. \"I know people are reading these columns,\" she notes, \"because they write me letters that point out all the mistakes I've made!\"\nThe book comes in four parts:\n\n How entomologists see insects, including their view of a U.S. government plan to eradicate illicit coca fields by dropping caterpillars from airplanes.\n How the rest of the world sees insects, with Berenbaum's proposed classificatory scheme for placing Spider Man, Firefly, and other cartoon superheroes into well-defined taxa.\n How entomologists view themselves\u2014featuring Bambi Berenbaum, a gorgeous entomologist created for an episode of TV's popular \"The X-Files,\" whose character was inspired when the scriptwriter consulted Berenbaum's books.\n How entomologists see their colleagues, with various views on scholarly citation, motion sickness, and more.\n\nAlong the way are some thought-provoking observations\u2014for example, about the impact of television on public knowledge of science. In one poll, Berenbaum writes, 35% of adults said they believed that prehistoric humans coexisted with dinosaurs, a la the Flintstones.\nBerenbaum even takes on the controversy over alternative medicine, fearlessly purchasing Chinese medicinal insects during a professional trip to Vancouver, which also happened to be her honeymoon. \"Okay, so maybe giving two talks at an International Congress of Entomology is not everybody's idea of a romantic honeymoon venue, but it seemed like a good idea at the time.\"\nBerenbaum is a noted scientist in a field that doesn't always gets the respect it deserves, but she shows us that there's a fun and even freaky side of life with insects. While working on the University of Illinois' annual Insect Fear Film Festival she received a letter from a \"crush freak\" who waxed lyrical about a young, sexy babe with a size 9 or 10 shoe. Berenbaum writes, \"On the one hand, it's almost gratifying to think that insect pest management can arouse people's interest to such an extreme extent. On the other hand, it has convinced me not to list my shoe size in the biographical sketch of my next book.\" \nReaders will appreciate learning how the word \"shloop\" was introduced to the medical literature when physicians used a metal suction tip to remove a cockroach from a patient's ear canal, and how one investigator named a series of subspecies bobana, cocana, dodana, and so forth, \"anticipating by 60 years the song, 'The Name Game,' by Shirley Ellis.\" \nAlthough you'll chuckle all the way, Berenbaum has the last laugh, giving powerful lessons in the spectacular diversity of the insect world and the nature of scientific discovery, cleverly packaged as witty observations on subjects far and wide. \nIf you're a scientist or you like reading about science\u2014better yet, if you've ever found a fly in your soup (or worried that you might have unknowingly just slurped one down with your tomato bisque\u2014this book is for you.", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/9744/buzzwords-a-scientist-muses-on-sex-bugs-and-rock-n", year = 2000, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP editor = "Tom Siegfried", title = "Strange Matters: Undiscovered Ideas at the Frontiers of Space and Time", isbn = "978-0-309-50058-6", abstract = "Scientists studying the universe find strange things in two places\u2014out in space and in their heads. This is the story of how the most imaginative physicists of our time perceive strange features of the universe in advance of the actual discoveries.\n\nIt is almost a given that physics and cosmology present us with some of the grandest mysteries of all. What weightier questions to ponder than, \"How does the universe work?\" or \"What is the universe made of?\" There are any number of bizarre phenomena that could provide clues or even answers to these queries. The strangeness ranges from unusual forms of matter and realms of existence to wild ideas about how time and space are related to one another. Many of these proposals may well turn out to be wrong. But how many will be proven to be right? \n \nThis book speaks for the scientific theorists who are bold enough to imagine and predict the impossible. New ideas are percolating in their heads every day. One physicist may dream of subatomic particles that could resolve a variety of cosmological conundrums while another may study the likes of \"funny energy,\" which may explain how rapidly the universe is expanding. This is the stuff of Strange Matters.\n\nIn broad terms, this book is about a variety of discoveries that theorists of the past imagined before the observers and experimenters actually saw them. Moreover, it is about the things that today\u2019s are now imagining\u2014but haven't yet been discovered or confirmed by the observers. Strange Matters artfully mixes the present with the past and future, reporting from the frontiers of research where history is in the process of being made.\n\nEach chapter examines a different step along the twisted path we've walked to gain our rudimentary understanding of the universe, incorporating historical examples of successful \"prediscoveries\" with current stories that relate brand new ideas. We come to see the universe not only in terms of what has already been discovered, but also in terms of what has yet to be observed.\n\nStrange Matters is a guide to the discoveries of the twenty-first century, a series of visions dreamt by the most imaginative scientists of our time merged with the achievements of the past\u2014to point the way towards even greater accomplishments of the future.", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/10371/strange-matters-undiscovered-ideas-at-the-frontiers-of-space-and", year = 2002, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP editor = "Michael J. Carlowicz and Ramon E. Lopez", title = "Storms from the Sun: The Emerging Science of Space Weather", abstract = "From the casual conversation starter to the 24-hour cable channels and Web sites devoted exclusively to the subject, everyone talks about weather. There's even weather in space and it's causing major upsets to our modern technological world.\nSpace weather is all around us. There are no nightly news reports on space weather (yet), but we're rapidly developing the tools necessary to measure and observe trends in cosmic meteorology. New probes are going on-line that help us monitor the weather taking place miles above the Earth.\nBut why does space weather matter? It doesn't affect whether we bring an umbrella to work or require us to monitor early school closings. It's far, far away and of little concern to us . . . right? March 13, 1989. The Department of Defense tracking system that keeps tabs on 8,000 objects orbiting Earth suddenly loses track of 1,300 of them. In New Jersey, a $10 million transformer is burned up by a surge of extra current in the power lines. Shocks to a power station in Quebec leave 6 million people without electricity. New England power stations struggle to keep their power grid up. Listeners tuning in to their local stations in Minnesota hear the broadcasts of the California Highway Patrol. Residents of Florida, Mexico, and the Grand Cayman Islands see glowing curtains of light in the sky.\nAll of these bizarre, and seemingly unconnected, events were caused by a storm on the Sun and a fire in the sky. A series of solar flares and explosions had launched bolts of hot, electrified gas at the Earth and stirred up the second largest magnetic storm in recorded history. Before rockets and radio and the advent of other modern devices, we probably would never have noticed the effects of this space storm. But in today's electrically powered, space-faring world, the greatest space storm of the twenty-second solar maximum rang like a wake-up call.\nAnd we are now in the midst of another solar maximum, the effects of which are expected to be felt all the way through the year 2004. Storms from the Sun explores the emerging physical science of space weather and traces its increasing impact on a society that relies on space-based technologies.\nAuthors Carlowicz and Lopez explain what space weather really means to us down here, and what it may mean for future explorations and colonization of distant worlds. By translating the findings of NASA and other top scientists into fascinating and accessible descriptions of the latest discoveries, we are privy to some of the most closely held secrets that the solar terrestrial system has to offer.", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/10249/storms-from-the-sun-the-emerging-science-of-space-weather", year = 2002, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine", editor = "Steve Olson", title = "Summertime Opportunities to Promote Healthy Child and Adolescent Development: Proceedings of a Workshop—in Brief", abstract = "What children and adolescents do and learn in the summertime can have profound effects on their health and well-being, educational attainment, and career prospects. To explore the influence of summertime activities on the lives of young people, the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine held a workshop in August 2016. The participants discussed a wide range of topics, including the value of play, healthy eating and physical activity, systemic approaches to skill development, program quality and measurement, and the interconnected ecosystem of activities that supports healthy development. The workshop highlighted the latest research on summer programming, as well as gaps in that research, and explored the key policy and practice issues for summertime opportunities to promote healthy child and adolescent development. This publication briefly summarizes the presentations and discussions from the workshop.", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/24606/summertime-opportunities-to-promote-healthy-child-and-adolescent-development-proceedings", year = 2016, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine", editor = "Melissa G. French", title = "Health Insurance and Insights from Health Literacy: Helping Consumers Understand: Proceedings of a Workshop—in Brief", abstract = "On July 21, 2016, the Roundtable on Health Literacy of the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine convened a workshop on health literacy and health insurance literacy in the context of health reform in the United States. Since 2010, the year the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA) became law, the roundtable has convened two workshops related to this topic as well as commissioned two papers, and several members have prepared individually written perspectives. The roundtable's attention to the topic of health insurance is appropriate because health reform has created major changes in the health care system in this country. It has brought millions of people into the system that previously did not have access. In addition, many of these individuals have limited experience with health care and health insurance and are from populations that traditionally have high rates of low health literacy. The workshop focused on the challenges and opportunities in helping consumers obtain, understand, and use health insurance.", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/24613/health-insurance-and-insights-from-health-literacy-helping-consumers-understand", year = 2016, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine", editor = "Joe Alper", title = "Health Insurance and Insights from Health Literacy: Helping Consumers Understand: Proceedings of a Workshop", isbn = "978-0-309-45473-5", abstract = "Since the passage of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA), health care reform has created major changes in the U.S. health care system. The ACA has brought millions of people into the system who had no previous access, and many of these newly enrolled individuals have had limited experience navigating the complex and complicated U.S. health system. \n\nIn July 2016 the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine convened a public workshop to examine health insurance through the lens of health literacy, focusing on literacy related barriers to information and coverage as well as on possible solutions. Participants discussed the role of health literacy in accessing health care and remaining in treatment; delivery and financing system reforms that affect organizational health literacy; and quality and equity considerations. This publication summarizes the presentations and discussions from the workshop.", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/24664/health-insurance-and-insights-from-health-literacy-helping-consumers-understand", year = 2017, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine", editor = "Barbara M. Means and Amy Stephens", title = "Cultivating Interest and Competencies in Computing: Authentic Experiences and Design Factors", isbn = "978-0-309-68215-2", abstract = "Computing in some form touches nearly every aspect of day to day life and is reflected in the ubiquitous use of cell phones, the expansion of automation into many industries, and the vast amounts of data that are routinely gathered about people's health, education, and buying habits. Computing is now a part of nearly every occupation, not only those in the technology industry. Given the ubiquity of computing in both personal and professional life, there are increasing calls for all learners to participate in learning experiences related to computing including more formal experiences offered in schools, opportunities in youth development programs and after-school clubs, or self-initiated hands-on experiences at home. At the same time, the lack of diversity in the computing workforce and in programs that engage learners in computing is well-documented.\nIt is important to consider how to increase access and design experiences for a wide range of learners. Authentic experiences in STEM - that is, experiences that reflect professional practice and also connect learners to real-world problems that they care about - are one possible approach for reaching a broader range of learners. These experiences can be designed for learners of all ages and implemented in a wide range of settings. However, the role they play in developing youths' interests, capacities, and productive learning identities for computing is unclear. There is a need to better understand the role of authentic STEM experiences in supporting the development of interests, competencies, and skills related to computing.\nCultivating Interest and Competencies in Computing examines the evidence on learning and teaching using authentic, open-ended pedagogical approaches and learning experiences for children and youth in grades K-12 in both formal and informal settings. This report gives particular attention to approaches and experiences that promote the success of children and youth from groups that are typically underrepresented in computing fields. Cultivating Interest and Competencies in Computing provides guidance for educators and facilitators, program designers, and other key stakeholders on how to support learners as they engage in authentic learning experiences.", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/25912/cultivating-interest-and-competencies-in-computing-authentic-experiences-and-design", year = 2021, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "National Research Council", title = "The Changing Nature of Telecommunications/Information Infrastructure", isbn = "978-0-309-05091-3", abstract = "Advancement of telecommunications and information infrastructure occurs largely through private investment. The government affects the rate and direction of this progress through regulation and public investment. This book presents a range of positions and perspectives on those two classes of policy mechanism, providing a succinct analysis followed by papers prepared by experts in telecommunications policy and applications.", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/4816/the-changing-nature-of-telecommunicationsinformation-infrastructure", year = 1995, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "National Research Council", title = "Distributed Geolibraries: Spatial Information Resources, Summary of a Workshop", isbn = "978-0-309-06540-5", abstract = "A distributed geolibrary is a vision for the future. It would permit users to quickly and easily obtain all existing information available about a place that is relevant to a defined need. It is modeled on the operations of a traditional library, updated to a digital networked world, and focused on something that has never been possible in the traditional library: the supply of information in response to a geographically defined need. It would integrate the resources of the Internet and the World Wide Web into a simple mechanism for searching and retrieving information relevant to a wide range of problems, including natural disasters, emergencies, community planning, and environmental quality. A geolibrary is a digital library filled with geoinformation-information associated with a distinct area or footprint on the Earth's surface-and for which the primary search mechanism is place. A geolibrary is distributed if its users, services, metadata, and information assets can be integrated among many distinct locations.\nThis report presents the findings of the Workshop on Distributed Geolibraries: Spatial Information Resources, convened by the Mapping Science Committee of the National Research Council in June 1998. The report is a vision for distributed geolibraries, not a blueprint. Developing a distributed geolibrary involves a series of technical challenges as well as institutional and social issues, which are addressed relative to the vision.", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/9460/distributed-geolibraries-spatial-information-resources-summary-of-a-workshop", year = 1999, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "Institute of Medicine", editor = "Catharyn T. Liverman and Carolyn E. Fulco and Howard M. Kipen", title = "Internet Access to the National Library of Medicine's Toxicology and Environmental Health Databases", isbn = "978-0-309-06299-2", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/6327/internet-access-to-the-national-library-of-medicines-toxicology-and-environmental-health-databases", year = 1998, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine", editor = "Joe Alper", title = "Community-Based Health Literacy Interventions: Proceedings of a Workshop", isbn = "978-0-309-46667-7", abstract = "In its landmark report, Health Literacy: A Prescription to End Confusion, the Institute of Medicine noted that there are 90 million adults in the United States with limited health literacy who cannot fully benefit from what the health and health care systems have to offer. Since the release of that report, health literacy has become a vibrant research field that has developed and disseminated a wide range of tools and practices that have helped organizations, ranging in size from large health care systems to individual health care providers and pharmacists, to engage in health literate discussions with and provide health literate materials for patients and family members. Improving the health literacy of organizations can be an important component of addressing the social determinants of health and achieving the triple aim of improving the patient experience, improving the health of populations, and reducing the cost of care. However, the focus on organizations does not address the larger issue of how to improve health literacy across the U.S. population. \n\nTo get a better understanding of the state of community-based health literacy interventions, the Roundtable on Health Literacy hosted a workshop on July 19, 2017 on community-based health literacy interventions. It featured examples of community-based health literacy programs, discussions on how to evaluate such programs, and the actions the field can take to embrace this larger view of health literacy. This publication summarizes the presentations and discussions from the workshop.", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/24917/community-based-health-literacy-interventions-proceedings-of-a-workshop", year = 2018, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine", editor = "Kellyn Betts and Andrea Hodgson and Ourania Kosti", title = "Measuring Personal Environmental Exposures: Proceedings of a Workshop—in Brief", abstract = "Increased access to personal biological testing and advances in personal sensor technologies are enabling members of the public to gather data about their individual and their communities\u2019 environmental exposures. The members of the public who are using these devices and are gathering data are private users wanting to learn about their personal exposures, citizen scientists wanting to engage in research and learn more about their communities, or people working with researchers at an institution doing community-based participatory research. These trends are enhanced by the growing value that society places on open and transparent research and data sharing. They also raise a wide range of questions about how data on individual or community-based environmental exposures can be used to inform decisions about health and policies at the level of the individual, a research institution, a private company, a regulatory body, or society at large. \n\nIn November 2016, the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine held a 2-day workshop to explore the implications of producing and accessing individual- and community-level environmental exposure data in the United States. This publication briefly summarizes the presentations and discussions from the workshop.", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/24711/measuring-personal-environmental-exposures-proceedings-of-a-workshop-in-brief", year = 2017, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "Institute of Medicine", editor = "Jessica Nickrand", title = "Collaboration Between Health Care and Public Health: Workshop in Brief", abstract = "Drawing on the experience of practitioners and stakeholders in health and nonhealth fields, the Institute of Medicine's Roundtable on Population Health Improvement fosters interdisciplinary dialogue about\nfactors and actions needed to improve the nation\u00e2\u20ac\u2122s health. On February 5, 2015, the roundtable held a workshop in Washington, DC, titled \"Opportunities at the\nInterface of Health Care and Public Health.\" The event focused on how collaboration can facilitate conversation and action to achieve more meaningful population health solutions. This brief summary of the workshop highlights presentations and discussion sessions.", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/21687/collaboration-between-health-care-and-public-health-workshop-in-brief", year = 2015, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "Transportation Research Board and National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine", editor = "Marisa Zapata and John MacArthur and Anna Rockhill and Rebeca Petean", title = "Homelessness: A Guide for Public Transportation", abstract = "Unemployment, low wages, poverty, and lack of affordable housing are the main drivers of an increasing homeless population throughout the U.S. in recent years. Transit agencies are being impacted by homelessness. While transit agencies cannot address the underlying causes of homelessness, there are opportunities to work with local partners to be a part of helping individuals in need, while providing a safe, reliable, and customer-friendly experience for all riders.\nTCRP Research Report 242: Homelessness: A Guide for Public Transportation, from TRB's Transit Cooperative Research Program, presents transit agency experiences and lessons learned as they have built on, newly implemented, or are considering programmatic activities that respond to homelessness.", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/27248/homelessness-a-guide-for-public-transportation", year = 2024, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP editor = "Alex Wright", title = "Glut: Mastering Information Through the Ages", abstract = "\nWhat do primordial bacteria, medieval alchemists, and the World Wide Web have to do with each other? This fascinating exploration of how information systems emerge takes readers on a provocative journey through the history of the information age.\n\nToday's \"information explosion\" may seem like an acutely modern phenomenon, but we are not the first generation\u2014nor even the\nfirst species\u2014to wrestle with the problem of information overload. Long before the advent of computers, human beings were collecting,\nstoring, and organizing information: from Ice Age taxonomies to Sumerian archives, Greek libraries to Dark Age monasteries.\n\nToday, we stand at a precipice, as our old systems struggle to cope with what designer Richard Saul Wurman called a \"tsunami of data.\" With some historical perspective, however, we can begin to understand our\npredicament not just as the result of technological change, but as the latest \nchapter in an ancient story that we are only beginning to understand.\n\nSpanning disciplines from evolutionary theory and cultural anthropology to the history of books, libraries, and computer science, writer and information architect Alex Wright weaves an intriguing narrative that connects such seemingly far-flung topics as insect colonies, Stone Age jewelry,\nmedieval monasteries, Renaissance encyclopedias, early computer networks, \nand the World Wide Web. Finally, he pulls these threads together to reach a surprising conclusion, suggesting that the future of the information age may lie deep in our cultural past.", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/11733/glut-mastering-information-through-the-ages", year = 2007, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "National Research Council and Institute of Medicine", editor = "Joah G. Iannotta", title = "Nontechnical Strategies to Reduce Children's Exposure to Inappropriate Material on the Internet: Summary of a Workshop", isbn = "978-0-309-07591-6", abstract = "In response to a mandate from Congress in conjunction with the Protection of Children from Sexual Predators Act of 1998, the Computer Science and Telecommunications Board and the Board on Children, Youth, and Families of the National Research Council and the Institute of Medicine established a committee of experts to explore options to protect children from pornography and other inappropriate Internet content. In June 2000, the Committee to Study Tools and Strategies for Protecting Kids from Pornography on the Internet and Their Applicability to Other Inappropriate Internet Content was established. Support for the committee's work came from the U.S. Department of Education, the U.S. Department of Justice, Microsoft Corporation, IBM, the W.K. Kellogg Foundation, and the National Research Council. The committee has been charged with exploring the pros and cons of different technology options and operational policies as well as nontechnical strategies that can help to provide young people with positive and safe online experiences.\nOn December 13, 2000, the committee convened a workshop to provide public input to its work and focus on nontechnical strategies that could be effective in a broad range of settings (e.g., home, school, libraries) in which young people might be online. The overarching goal of this activity was to provide a forum for discussing the implications of this research with regard to policy and practice and identifying research needed to advance and inform policy and practice.", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/10168/nontechnical-strategies-to-reduce-childrens-exposure-to-inappropriate-material-on-the-internet", year = 2001, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" }