@BOOK{NAP author = "National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine", title = "Analytic Research Foundations for the Next-Generation Electric Grid", isbn = "978-0-309-39231-0", abstract = "Electricity is the lifeblood of modern society, and for the vast majority of people that electricity is obtained from large, interconnected power grids. However, the grid that was developed in the 20th century, and the incremental improvements made since then, including its underlying analytic foundations, is no longer adequate to completely meet the needs of the 21st century. The next-generation electric grid must be more flexible and resilient. While fossil fuels will have their place for decades to come, the grid of the future will need to accommodate a wider mix of more intermittent generating sources such as wind and distributed solar photovoltaics. \n\nAchieving this grid of the future will require effort on several fronts. There is a need for continued shorter-term engineering research and development, building on the existing analytic foundations for the grid. But there is also a need for more fundamental research to expand these analytic foundations. Analytic Research Foundations for the Next-Generation Electric Grid provide guidance on the longer-term critical areas for research in mathematical and computational sciences that is needed for the next-generation grid. It offers recommendations that are designed to help direct future research as the grid evolves and to give the nation's research and development infrastructure the tools it needs to effectively develop, test, and use this research.", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/21919/analytic-research-foundations-for-the-next-generation-electric-grid", year = 2016, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "Transportation Research Board and National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine", editor = "Adam Klauber, Joey Cathcart, Lauren Shwisberg, Isaac Toussie, Rocky Mountain Institute and Adib Naslé, Kelsey Fahy, Scott Mitchell, Zack Pecenak, Michael Stadler, XEN DEE Corporation and Wilson Rickerson, Meredith Pringle, Converge Strategies, LLC and Steve Barrett, Barrett Energy Resources Group, LLC and James Crites, James M. Crites, LLC", title = "Airport Microgrid Implementation Toolkit", abstract = "Awareness of the vulnerability of the country\u2019s existing electrical system has increased with the frequency of short-term blackouts and long-term utility outages. Power outages impact airport operations by causing flight delays, extended layovers, disruptions in cargo operations, loss of revenue, and limitations in airports\u2019 ability to provide emergency support.The TRB Airport Cooperative Research Program's ACRP Research Report 228: Airport Microgrid Implementation Toolkit addresses site-specific criteria for airports of all types and sizes.The implementation toolkit is a suite of reference materials, including an online tool that can be used to obtain an analysis and determine feasibility of a microgrid for your airport.", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/26165/airport-microgrid-implementation-toolkit", year = 2021, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "Transportation Research Board and National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine", editor = "Paul Schomer and Jack Freytag and Randy Waldeck", title = "Evaluating Methods for Determining Interior Noise Levels Used in Airport Sound Insulation Programs", abstract = "TRB's Airport Cooperative Research Program (ACRP) Report 152: Evaluating Methods for Determining Interior Noise Levels Used in Airport Sound Insulation Programs provides guidance for selecting and implementing methods for measuring noise level reduction in dwellings associated with airport noise insulation programs. The report complements the results of ACRP Report 89: Guidelines for Airport Sound Insulation Programs.", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/23473/evaluating-methods-for-determining-interior-noise-levels-used-in-airport-sound-insulation-programs", year = 2016, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP editor = "Mortimer L. Mendelsohn and John P. Peeters and Mary Janet Normandy", title = "Biomarkers and Occupational Health: Progress and Perspectives", isbn = "978-0-309-05187-3", abstract = "Biomarkers have emerged as an exciting tool in disease prevention, particularly in the workplace. They may be used to document workers' exposure to toxins, signal the onset of health effects, or identify individuals with susceptibility to certain environmental threats. But the uncertainty is as great as the potential. Are biomarkers suitable for widespread use? How can they be deployed in diverse contexts? How can biological information about workers be handled fairly and ethically?\nBiomarkers and Occupational Health describes the state of biomarker development, including the implications of the Human Genome program, and presents a range of viewpoints on the future of biomarkers from the leaders in the field.\nThis book explores the three basic types of biomarkers (markers of exposure, markers of health effects, and markers of susceptibility to disease) from a variety of perspectives. It examines what can be learned from well-known exposure sites\u2014Hiroshima and Nagasaki, Chernobyl, and the Hanford nuclear site in the United States, for example\u2014and a wide range of human cases and animal studies. The book also explores the costs and ramifications of developing a large-scale program to monitor potentially exposed workers (e.g., at a cleanup site).\nA framework is offered for the use of biomarkers based on the mandate to \"change the environment before you change the worker.\" The book explores how to identify ethical issues, how to set development priorities, and how to integrate biomarkers into an occupational health and safety program.\nThe authors present the latest technical findings about markers for chronic beryllium disease as well as markers for exposure to carcinogens, radiation, and chronium\u2014including prospects for detecting long-past exposures.\nBiomarkers and Occupational Health offers an update on biomarker development and explores a wide scope of issues. This book will be important to occupational health professionals, biomedical researchers, toxicologists, epidemiologists, and labor and management officials involved in worker health issues.\nMoritmer L. Mendelsohn, M.D., Ph.D., is Vice-Chairman of the Radiation Effects Research Foundation (RERF) in Japan, which studies the long-term health effects of the atomic blasts in Hiroshima and Nagasaki, and he is former Associate Director of the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory in California.\nJohn P. Peeters, Ph.D., is a geneticist who is currently directing a division of the Office of Occupational Medicine for the United States Department of Energy.\nMary Janet Normandy, Ph.D., is a toxicologist who specializes in the metabolism of xenobiotics in mammalian systems. She is currently a member of the Department of Energy's Office of Occupational Medicine.", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/4924/biomarkers-and-occupational-health-progress-and-perspectives", year = 1995, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine", editor = "Ben A. Wender", title = "Electricity Use in Rural and Islanded Communities: Summary of a Workshop", isbn = "978-0-309-44412-5", abstract = "On behalf of the Quadrennial Energy Review (QER) Task Force, the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine hosted a workshop on February 8-9, 2016, titled \"Electricity Use in Rural and Islanded Communities.\" The objective of the workshop was to help the QER Task Force public outreach efforts by focusing on communities with unique electricity challenges. The workshop explored challenges and opportunities for reducing electricity use and associated greenhouse gas emissions while improving electricity system reliability and resilience in rural and islanded communities. This report summarizes the presentation and discussion of the workshop.", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/23539/electricity-use-in-rural-and-islanded-communities-summary-of-a", year = 2016, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine", editor = "Pradeep K. Khosla and Paul T. Beaton", title = "An Assessment of ARPA-E", isbn = "978-0-309-45945-7", abstract = "In 2005, the National Research Council report Rising Above the Gathering Storm recommended a new way for the federal government to spur technological breakthroughs in the energy sector. It recommended the creation of a new agency, the Advanced Research Projects Agency-Energy, or ARPA-E, as an adaptation of the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) model\u2014widely considered a successful experiment that has funded out-of-the-box, transformative research and engineering that made possible the Internet, GPS, and stealth aircraft. This new agency was envisioned as a means of tackling the nation's energy challenges in a way that could translate basic research into technological breakthroughs while also addressing economic, environmental, and security issues. \n\nCongress authorized ARPA-E in the 2007 America COMPETES Act and requested an early assessment following 6 years of operation to examine the agency's progress toward achieving its statutory mission and goals. This report documents the results of that assessment. It includes both an operational assessment of the agency's funding programs and a technical assessment of its awards, to the extent possible.", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/24778/an-assessment-of-arpa-e", year = 2017, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "National Research Council", title = "Assessment of Research Needs for Wind Turbine Rotor Materials Technology", isbn = "978-0-309-04479-0", abstract = "Wind-driven power systems represent a renewable energy technology. Arrays of interconnected wind turbines can convert power carried by the wind into electricity. This book defines a research and development agenda for the U.S. Department of Energy's wind energy program in hopes of improving the performance of this emerging technology.", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/1824/assessment-of-research-needs-for-wind-turbine-rotor-materials-technology", year = 1991, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "National Research Council", title = "Opportunities for Water Security Research: The Aftermath of Hurricane Katrina: Letter Report", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/11484/opportunities-for-water-security-research-the-aftermath-of-hurricane-katrina", year = 2005, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "National Research Council", title = "Terrorism and the Electric Power Delivery System", isbn = "978-0-309-11404-2", abstract = "The electric power delivery system that carries electricity from large central generators to customers could be severely damaged by a small number of well-informed attackers. The system is inherently vulnerable because transmission lines may span hundreds of miles, and many key facilities are unguarded. This vulnerability is exacerbated by the fact that the power grid, most of which was originally designed to meet the needs of individual vertically integrated utilities, is being used to move power between regions to support the needs of competitive markets for power generation. Primarily because of ambiguities introduced as a result of recent restricting the of the industry and cost pressures from consumers and regulators, investment to strengthen and upgrade the grid has lagged, with the result that many parts of the bulk high-voltage system are heavily stressed.\nElectric systems are not designed to withstand or quickly recover from damage inflicted simultaneously on multiple components. Such an attack could be carried out by knowledgeable attackers with little risk of detection or interdiction. Further well-planned and coordinated attacks by terrorists could leave the electric power system in a large region of the country at least partially disabled for a very long time. Although there are many examples of terrorist and military attacks on power systems elsewhere in the world, at the time of this study international terrorists have shown limited interest in attacking the U.S. power grid. However, that should not be a basis for complacency. Because all parts of the economy, as well as human health and welfare, depend on electricity, the results could be devastating.\nTerrorism and the Electric Power Delivery System focuses on measures that could make the power delivery system less vulnerable to attacks, restore power faster after an attack, and make critical services less vulnerable while the delivery of conventional electric power has been disrupted.", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/12050/terrorism-and-the-electric-power-delivery-system", year = 2012, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine", editor = "Michelle Schwalbe", title = "Mathematical Sciences Research Challenges for the Next-Generation Electric Grid: Summary of a Workshop", isbn = "978-0-309-37856-7", abstract = "If the United States is to sustain its economic prosperity, quality of life, and global competitiveness, it must continue to have an abundance of secure, reliable, and affordable energy resources. There have been many improvements in the technology and capability of the electric grid over the past several decades. Many of these advances to the grid depend on complex mathematical algorithms and techniques, and as the complexity of the grid has increased, the analytical demands have also increased. \n\nThe workshop summarized in this report was developed as part of an ongoing study of the Committee on Analytical Research Foundations for the Next-Generation Electric Grid. Mathematical Sciences Research Challenges for the Next-Generation Electric Grid summarizes the presentations and discussions from this workshop. This report identifies critical areas of mathematical and computational research that must be addressed for the next-generation electric transmission and distribution system and to identify future needs and ways that current research efforts in these areas could be adjusted or augmented.\n", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/21808/mathematical-sciences-research-challenges-for-the-next-generation-electric-grid", year = 2015, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "National Research Council", editor = "David W. Cooke", title = "The Resilience of the Electric Power Delivery System in Response to Terrorism and Natural Disasters: Summary of a Workshop", isbn = "978-0-309-29395-2", abstract = "The Resilience of the Electric Power Delivery System in Response to Terrorism and Natural Disasters is the summary of a workshop convened in February 2013 as a follow-up to the release of the National Research Council report Terrorism and the Electric Power Delivery System. That report had been written in 2007 for the Department of Homeland Security, but publication was delayed because of security concerns. While most of the committee's findings were still relevant, many developments affecting vulnerability had occurred in the interval. The 2013 workshop was a discussion of the committee's results, what had changed in recent years, and how lessons learned about the grid's resilience to terrorism could be applied to other threats to the grid resulting from natural disasters. The purpose was not to translate the entire report into the present, but to focus on key issues relevant to making the grid sufficiently robust that it could handle inevitable failures without disastrous impact. The workshop focused on five key areas: physical vulnerabilities of the grid; cybersecurity; mitigation and response to outages; community resilience and the provision of critical services; and future technologies and policies that could enhance the resilience of the electric power delivery system.\nThe electric power transmission and distribution system (the grid) is an extraordinarily complex network of wires, transformers, and associated equipment and control software designed to transmit electricity from where it is generated, usually in centralized power plants, to commercial, residential, and industrial users. Because the U.S. infrastructure has become increasingly dependent on electricity, vulnerabilities in the grid have the potential to cascade well beyond whether the lights turn on, impacting among other basic services such as the fueling infrastructure, the economic system, and emergency services. The Resilience of the Electric Power Delivery System in Response to Terrorism and Natural Disasters discusses physical vulnerabilities and the cybersecurity of the grid, ways in which communities respond to widespread outages and how to minimize these impacts, the grid of tomorrow, and how resilience can be encouraged and built into the grid in the future.", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/18535/the-resilience-of-the-electric-power-delivery-system-in-response-to-terrorism-and-natural-disasters", year = 2013, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine", title = "Enhancing the Resilience of the Nation's Electricity System", isbn = "978-0-309-46307-2", abstract = "Americans' safety, productivity, comfort, and convenience depend on the reliable supply of electric power. The electric power system is a complex \"cyber-physical\" system composed of a network of millions of components spread out across the continent. These components are owned, operated, and regulated by thousands of different entities. Power system operators work hard to assure safe and reliable service, but large outages occasionally happen. Given the nature of the system, there is simply no way that outages can be completely avoided, no matter how much time and money is devoted to such an effort. The system's reliability and resilience can be improved but never made perfect. Thus, system owners, operators, and regulators must prioritize their investments based on potential benefits. \n\nEnhancing the Resilience of the Nation's Electricity System focuses on identifying, developing, and implementing strategies to increase the power system's resilience in the face of events that can cause large-area, long-duration outages: blackouts that extend over multiple service areas and last several days or longer. Resilience is not just about lessening the likelihood that these outages will occur. It is also about limiting the scope and impact of outages when they do occur, restoring power rapidly afterwards, and learning from these experiences to better deal with events in the future.", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/24836/enhancing-the-resilience-of-the-nations-electricity-system", year = 2017, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "National Research Council", title = "Combat Hybrid Power System Component Technologies: Technical Challenges and Research Priorities", abstract = "This book provides the detail from the NRC Committee on Assessment of Combat Hybrid Power Systems. This committee targeted three emerging technology areas: advanced electric motor drives and power electronics, battery technologies for military electric and hybrid vehicle applications, and high temperature wideband gap materials for high-power electrical systems. This committee also addressed three additional emerging technologies: high power switching technologies, capacitor technologies and computer simulation for storage system design and integration.", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/10595/combat-hybrid-power-system-component-technologies-technical-challenges-and-research", year = 2002, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "National Research Council", title = "An Assessment of the National Institute of Standards and Technology Electronics and Electrical Engineering Laboratory: Fiscal Year 2009", isbn = "978-0-309-14503-9", abstract = "The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), an agency of the U.S. Department of Commerce, carries out its mission of promoting U.S. innovation and industrial competitiveness by developing and applying technology, measurements, and standards across nationally and strategically important industries. NIST is uniquely positioned to contribute to the development of U.S. industry and to technology deployment, and thereby to U.S. economic growth.\n\nThis book contains the assessment by the Panel on Electronics and Electrical Engineering of NIST's Electronics and Electrical Engineering Laboratory (EEEL), focusing on the scientific and technical work performed by the laboratory. The assessment is conducted biennially. The book examines the broad factors of technical merit of the laboratory's programs, the adequacy of facilities and resources, and the achievement of desired impacts.", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/12767/an-assessment-of-the-national-institute-of-standards-and-technology-electronics-and-electrical-engineering-laboratory", year = 2009, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine", title = "The Future of Electric Power in the United States", isbn = "978-0-309-68444-6", abstract = "Electric power is essential for the lives and livelihoods of all Americans, and the need for electricity that is safe, clean, affordable, and reliable will only grow in the decades to come. At the request of Congress and the Department of Energy, the National Academies convened a committee of experts to undertake a comprehensive evaluation of the U.S. grid and how it might evolve in response to advances in new energy technologies, changes in demand, and future innovation.\nThe Future of Electric Power in the United States presents an extensive set of policy and funding recommendations aimed at modernizing the U.S. electric system. The report addresses technology development, operations, grid architectures, and business practices, as well as ways to make the electricity system safe, secure, sustainable, equitable, and resilient.", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/25968/the-future-of-electric-power-in-the-united-states", year = 2021, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "National Academy of Sciences and National Academy of Engineering and National Research Council", title = "America's Energy Future: Technology and Transformation", isbn = "978-0-309-11602-2", abstract = "For multi-user PDF licensing, please contact customer service.\n \nEnergy touches our lives in countless ways and its costs are felt when we fill up at the gas pump, pay our home heating bills, and keep businesses both large and small running. There are long-term costs as well: to the environment, as natural resources are depleted and pollution contributes to global climate change, and to national security and independence, as many of the world's current energy sources are increasingly concentrated in geopolitically unstable regions. The country's challenge is to develop an energy portfolio that addresses these concerns while still providing sufficient, affordable energy reserves for the nation.\nThe United States has enormous resources to put behind solutions to this energy challenge; the dilemma is to identify which solutions are the right ones. Before deciding which energy technologies to develop, and on what timeline, we need to understand them better.\nAmerica's Energy Future analyzes the potential of a wide range of technologies for generation, distribution, and conservation of energy. This book considers technologies to increase energy efficiency, coal-fired power generation, nuclear power, renewable energy, oil and natural gas, and alternative transportation fuels. It offers a detailed assessment of the associated impacts and projected costs of implementing each technology and categorizes them into three time frames for implementation.\n ", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/12091/americas-energy-future-technology-and-transformation", year = 2009, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine", editor = "Darla Thompson and Joe Alper", title = "Exploring Equity in Multisector Community Health Partnerships: Proceedings of a Workshop", isbn = "978-0-309-45973-0", abstract = "Building on previous National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine workshops that explored how safe and healthy communities are a necessary component of health equity and efforts to improve population health, the Roundtable on Population Health Improvement wanted to explore how a variety of community-based organizations came together to achieve population health. To do so, the roundtable hosted a workshop in Oakland, California, on December 8, 2016, to explore multisector health partnerships that engage residents, reduce health disparities, and improve health and well-being. This publication summarizes the presentations and discussions from the workshop.", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/24786/exploring-equity-in-multisector-community-health-partnerships-proceedings-of-a", year = 2018, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine", title = "The Power of Change: Innovation for Development and Deployment of Increasingly Clean Electric Power Technologies", isbn = "978-0-309-37142-1", abstract = "Electricity, supplied reliably and affordably, is foundational to the U.S. economy and is utterly indispensable to modern society. However, emissions resulting from many forms of electricity generation create environmental risks that could have significant negative economic, security, and human health consequences. Large-scale installation of cleaner power generation has been generally hampered because greener technologies are more expensive than the technologies that currently produce most of our power. Rather than trade affordability and reliability for low emissions, is there a way to balance all three?\n\nThe Power of Change: Innovation for Development and Deployment of Increasingly Clean Energy Technologies considers how to speed up innovations that would dramatically improve the performance and lower the cost of currently available technologies while also developing new advanced cleaner energy technologies. According to this report, there is an opportunity for the United States to continue to lead in the pursuit of increasingly clean, more efficient electricity through innovation in advanced technologies. The Power of Change: Innovation for Development and Deployment of Increasingly Clean Energy Technologies makes the case that America's advantages\u2014world-class universities and national laboratories, a vibrant private sector, and innovative states, cities, and regions that are free to experiment with a variety of public policy approaches\u2014position the United States to create and lead a new clean energy revolution. This study focuses on five paths to accelerate the market adoption of increasing clean energy and efficiency technologies: (1) expanding the portfolio of cleaner energy technology options; (2) leveraging the advantages of energy efficiency; (3) facilitating the development of increasing clean technologies, including renewables, nuclear, and cleaner fossil; (4) improving the existing technologies, systems, and infrastructure; and (5) leveling the playing field for cleaner energy technologies.\n\nThe Power of Change: Innovation for Development and Deployment of Increasingly Clean Energy Technologies is a call for leadership to transform the United States energy sector in order to both mitigate the risks of greenhouse gas and other pollutants and to spur future economic growth. This study's focus on science, technology, and economic policy makes it a valuable resource to guide support that produces innovation to meet energy challenges now and for the future.", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/21712/the-power-of-change-innovation-for-development-and-deployment-of", year = 2016, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "National Academy of Engineering", title = "Frontiers of Engineering: Reports on Leading-Edge Engineering from the 2017 Symposium", isbn = "978-0-309-46601-1", abstract = "This volume presents papers on the topics covered at the National Academy of Engineering's 2017 US Frontiers of Engineering Symposium. Every year the symposium brings together 100 outstanding young leaders in engineering to share their cutting-edge research and innovations in selected areas. The 2017 symposium was held September 25-27 at the United Technologies Research Center in East Hartford, Connecticut. The intent of this book is to convey the excitement of this unique meeting and to highlight innovative developments in engineering research and technical work.", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/24906/frontiers-of-engineering-reports-on-leading-edge-engineering-from-the", year = 2018, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "National Research Council", title = "Mathematical Sciences, Technology, and Economic Competitiveness", isbn = "978-0-309-04483-7", abstract = "This book describes the contributions of mathematics to the nation's advanced technology and to economic competitiveness. Examples from five industries\u2014aircraft, petroleum, automotive, semiconductor, and telecommunications\u2014illustrate how mathematics enters into and improves industry.\nMathematical Sciences, Technology, and Economic Competitiveness addresses these high-technology industries and breadth of mathematical endeavors in the United States as they materially contribute to the technology base from which innovation in these industries flows. The book represents a serious attempt by the mathematics community to bring about an awareness by policymakers of the pervasive influence of mathematics in everyday life.", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/1786/mathematical-sciences-technology-and-economic-competitiveness", year = 1991, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" }