TY - BOOK AU - Transportation Research Board AU - National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine A2 - Hope E. Luhman, WSP USA Inc. A2 - SRI Foundation Terry Klein TI - Integrating Tribal Expertise into Processes to Identify, Evaluate, and Record Cultural Resources DO - 10.17226/25770 PY - 2020 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/25770/integrating-tribal-expertise-into-processes-to-identify-evaluate-and-record-cultural-resources PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Transportation and Infrastructure AB - There is a lot of evidence that Native American tribes could be better involved in planning transportation projects.The TRB National Cooperative Highway Research Program's NCHRP Web-Only Document 281: Integrating Tribal Expertise into Processes to Identify, Evaluate, and Record Cultural Resources explores how unique tribal perspectives and expertise could inform the tribal engagement and consultation process associated with the requirements and intent in the Section 106 process for successful project outcomes on surface transportation projects.Additional resources with the document include a Quick-Reference Guide and a PowerPoint Presentation. ER - TY - BOOK AU - National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine A2 - Erin Balogh A2 - Frances Amankwah A2 - Theresa Wizemann A2 - Sharyl Nass TI - Innovation in Electronic Health Records for Oncology Care, Research, and Surveillance: Proceedings of a Workshop SN - DO - 10.17226/26720 PY - 2023 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/26720/innovation-in-electronic-health-records-for-oncology-care-research-and-surveillance PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Health and Medicine KW - Computers and Information Technology AB - Electronic Health Records (EHRs) are used across a wide variety of activities in cancer care and cancer research, including communication among health care team members and patients, clinical documentation and treatment planning, patient safety and quality improvement, scheduling and billing, as well as clinical research and disease surveillance activities. On February 28 and March 1, 2022, the National Cancer Policy Forum and the Computer Science and Telecommunications Board of the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine hosted a public workshop to examine opportunities to improve patient care and outcomes through collaborations to enhance innovation in the development, implementation, and use of EHRs in oncology care, research, and surveillance. This Proceedings of a Workshop summarizes the presentations and discussions that took place at the workshop. ER - TY - BOOK TI - Report of the Committee on Ballistic Acoustics DO - 10.17226/10264 PY - 1982 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/10264/report-of-the-committee-on-ballistic-acoustics PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Math, Chemistry, and Physics KW - Behavioral and Social Sciences AB - At the time of the assassination of President Kennedy, the Dallas police recorded sounds from an open microphone; these sounds have been previously analyzed by two research groups at the request of the House Select Committee on Assassinations. Both groups concluded with 95% probability that the recordings contained acoustic impulses which provide evidence for the existence of a shot from the grassy knoll area of Dealey Plaza. On the basis of these results and since shots definitely were fired from the Texas School Book Depository, the House Committee concluded that "scientific acoustical evidence establishes a high probability that two gunmen fired at President John F. Kennedy." Report of the Committee on Ballistic Acoustics studied these reports and the Dallas Police recordings on which they are based. This book reviews the methodology employed in the evaluations of the recorded acoustic data and of the conclusions about the existence of a shot from the grassy knoll. According to this report, the acoustic analyses do not demonstrate that there was a grassy knoll shot, and in particular there is no acoustic basis for the claim of 95% probability of such a shot. The acoustic impulses attributed to gunshots were recorded about one minute after the President had been shot and the motorcade had been instructed to go to the hospital. Therefore, reliable acoustic data do not support a conclusion that there was a second gunman. ER - TY - BOOK AU - Transportation Research Board AU - National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine TI - Record Keeping Requirements for State Departments of Transportation DO - 10.17226/22986 PY - 2009 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/22986/record-keeping-requirements-for-state-departments-of-transportation PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Transportation and Infrastructure AB - TRB’s National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Legal Research Digest 52: Record Keeping Requirements for State Departments of Transportation examines applicable law and regulations pertaining to keeping, releasing, and destroying records within transportation agencies. ER - TY - BOOK TI - Ensuring the Climate Record from the NPP and NPOESS Meteorological Satellites DO - 10.17226/12263 PY - 2000 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/12263/ensuring-the-climate-record-from-the-npp-and-npoess-meteorological-satellites PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Space and Aeronautics KW - Environment and Environmental Studies ER - TY - BOOK AU - Institute of Medicine A2 - David H. Wegman A2 - Catharyn T. Liverman A2 - Andrea M. Schultz A2 - Larisa M. Strawbridge TI - Incorporating Occupational Information in Electronic Health Records: Letter Report SN - DO - 10.17226/13207 PY - 2011 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/13207/incorporating-occupational-information-in-electronic-health-records-letter-report PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Health and Medicine AB - Each year in the United States, more than 4,000 occupational fatalities and more than 3 million occupational injuries occur along with more than 160,000 cases of occupational illnesses. Incorporating patients' occupational information into electronic health records (EHRs) could lead to more informed clinical diagnosis and treatment plans as well as more effective policies, interventions, and prevention strategies to improve the overall health of the working population. At the request of the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, the IOM appointed a committee to examine the rationale and feasibility of incorporating occupational information in patients' EHRs. The IOM concluded that three data elements - occupation, industry, and work-relatedness - were ready for immediate focus, and made recommendations on moving forward efforts to incorporate these elements into EHRs. ER - TY - BOOK AU - Institute of Medicine TI - Capturing Social and Behavioral Domains in Electronic Health Records: Phase 1 SN - DO - 10.17226/18709 PY - 2014 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/18709/capturing-social-and-behavioral-domains-in-electronic-health-records-phase PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Health and Medicine AB - Substantial empirical evidence of the contribution of social and behavioral factors to functional status and the onset and progression of disease has accumulated over the past few decades. Electronic health records (EHRs) provide crucial information to providers treating individual patients, to health systems, including public health officials, about the health of populations, and to researchers about the determinants of health and the effectiveness of treatment. Inclusion of social and behavioral health domains in EHRs is vital to all three uses. The Health Information Technology for Economic and Clinical Health Act and the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act place new importance on the widespread adoption and meaningful use of EHRs. "Meaningful use" in a health information technology context refers to the use of EHRs and related technology within a health care organization to achieve specified objectives. Achieving meaningful use also helps determine whether an organization can receive payments from the Medicare EHR Incentive Program or the Medicaid EHR Incentive Program. Capturing Social and Behavioral Domains in Electronic Health Records is the first phase of a two-phase study to identify domains and measures that capture the social determinants of health to inform the development of recommendations for meaningful use of EHRs. This report identifies specific domains to be considered by the Office of the National Coordinator, specifies criteria that should be used in deciding which domains should be included, identifies core social and behavioral domains to be included in all EHRs, and identifies any domains that should be included for specific populations or settings defined by age, socioeconomic status, race/ethnicity, disease, or other characteristics. ER - TY - BOOK AU - Transportation Research Board AU - National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine TI - Admissibility and Public Availability of Transit Safety Planning Records DO - 10.17226/25144 PY - 2018 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/25144/admissibility-and-public-availability-of-transit-safety-planning-records PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Transportation and Infrastructure AB - In 2012, Congress gave the U.S. Federal Transit Administration (FTA) the authority to establish a new comprehensive framework to oversee the safety of the country’s public transit systems. As part of that framework, state and local transit agencies are required to engage in safety planning. In the Fixing America’s Surface Transportation Act of 2015, Congress asked the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine to evaluate and provide recommendations on whether it is in the public interest for transit agencies to be allowed to withhold from civil litigation all records developed in compliance with this new federal safety planning requirement.TRB Special Report 326: Admissibility and Public Availability of Transit Safety Planning Records considers the arguments favoring and opposing evidentiary protections for safety planning records and the rationale for Congressional decisions to grant such protections in other transportation modes. The report examines factors that Congress must consider when deciding where the public interest balance lies. They include a desire for transit agencies to engage in high-quality safety planning without fear of the planning records being used against them in court and the preservation of a tort system that deters unsafe conditions and allows injured parties to be justly compensated. Recommendations to Congress and FTA are offered with these and other important factors in mind. ER - TY - BOOK AU - Transportation Research Board AU - National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine TI - Crash Records Systems DO - 10.17226/13688 PY - 2005 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/13688/crash-records-systems PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Transportation and Infrastructure AB - TRB’s National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Synthesis 350: Crash Records Systems examines crash records systems practices and programs as applied to highway and traffic safety. The report covers crash data collection, crash processing and management, and data linkages for reporting and analysis. While no single comprehensive system examples are identified in the report, many examples of one or more successful components were found to address the needs of three groups of stakeholders—data collectors, data managers, and data users. The report also contains information about lessons learned from examples of successful systems, addressing the needs and concerns of stakeholders. ER - TY - BOOK AU - National Research Council TI - The Geological Record of Ecological Dynamics: Understanding the Biotic Effects of Future Environmental Change SN - DO - 10.17226/11209 PY - 2005 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/11209/the-geological-record-of-ecological-dynamics-understanding-the-biotic-effects PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Environment and Environmental Studies KW - Earth Sciences AB - In order to answer important questions about ecosystems and biodiversity, scientists can look to the past geological record—which includes fossils, sediment and ice cores, and tree rings. Because of recent advances in earth scientists’ ability to analyze biological and environmental information from geological data, the National Science Foundation and the U.S. Geological Survey asked a National Research Council (NRC) committee to assess the scientific opportunities provided by the geologic record and recommend how scientists can take advantage of these opportunities for the nation’s benefit. The committee identified three initiatives for future research to be developed over the next decade: (1) use the geological record as a “natural laboratory” to explore changes in living things under a range of past conditions, (2) use the record to better predict the response of biological systems to climate change, and (3) use geologic information to evaluate the effects of human and non-human factors on ecosystems. The committee also offered suggestions for improving the field through better training, improved databases, and additional funding. ER - TY - BOOK AU - Transportation Research Board AU - National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine TI - Reconciling Security, Disclosure, and Record-Retention Requirements in Transit Procurements DO - 10.17226/14404 PY - 2010 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/14404/reconciling-security-disclosure-and-record-retention-requirements-in-transit-procurements PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Transportation and Infrastructure AB - TRB‘s Transit Cooperative Research Program (TCRP) Legal Research Digest 32: Reconciling Security, Disclosure, and Record-Retention Requirements in Transit Procurements highlights the legal requirements that are relevant to the transit procurement process of balancing the competing needs of open government and public security. The report explores federal and state requirements concerning record retention and disclosure, as well as practices transit agencies have adopted to meet their responsibilities in balancing these competing public policy interests. ER - TY - BOOK AU - Institute of Medicine TI - Key Capabilities of an Electronic Health Record System: Letter Report SN - DO - 10.17226/10781 PY - 2003 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/10781/key-capabilities-of-an-electronic-health-record-system-letter-report PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - KW - Computers and Information Technology AB - Commissioned by the Department of Health and Human Services, Key Capabilities of an Electronic Health Record System provides guidance on the most significant care delivery-related capabilities of electronic health record (EHR) systems. There is a great deal of interest in both the public and private sectors in encouraging all health care providers to migrate from paper-based health records to a system that stores health information electronically and employs computer-aided decision support systems. In part, this interest is due to a growing recognition that a stronger information technology infrastructure is integral to addressing national concerns such as the need to improve the safety and the quality of health care, rising health care costs, and matters of homeland security related to the health sector. Key Capabilities of an Electronic Health Record System provides a set of basic functionalities that an EHR system must employ to promote patient safety, including detailed patient data (e.g., diagnoses, allergies, laboratory results), as well as decision-support capabilities (e.g., the ability to alert providers to potential drug-drug interactions). The book examines care delivery functions, such as database management and the use of health care data standards to better advance the safety, quality, and efficiency of health care in the United States. ER - TY - BOOK AU - National Research Council TI - Options to Ensure the Climate Record from the NPOESS and GOES-R Spacecraft: A Workshop Report SN - DO - 10.17226/12033 PY - 2008 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/12033/options-to-ensure-the-climate-record-from-the-npoess-and-goes-r-spacecraft PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Earth Sciences KW - Environment and Environmental Studies KW - Space and Aeronautics AB - In 2000, the nation's next-generation National Polar-orbiting Operational Environmental Satellite System (NPOESS) program anticipated purchasing six satellites for $6.5 billion, with a first launch in 2008. By November 2005, however, it became apparent that NPOESS would overrun its cost estimates by at least 25 percent. In June 2006, the planned acquisition of six spacecraft was reduced to four, the launch of the first spacecraft was delayed until 2013, and several sensors were canceled or descoped in capability. To examine the impacts of these changes, particularly those associated with climate research, and ways to mitigate those impacts, NASA and NOAA asked the NRC to add this task to its ongoing "decadal survey," Earth Science and Applications from Space. The sponsors and the NRC agreed to address this task separately and to base its analysis on a major workshop. This book presents summaries of discussions at the workshop, which included sessions on the measurements and sensors originally planned for NPOESS and GOES-R; generation of climate data records; mitigation options, including the role of international partners; and cross-cutting issues. ER - TY - BOOK AU - Institute of Medicine TI - Capturing Social and Behavioral Domains and Measures in Electronic Health Records: Phase 2 SN - DO - 10.17226/18951 PY - 2014 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/18951/capturing-social-and-behavioral-domains-and-measures-in-electronic-health-records PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Health and Medicine AB - Determinants of health - like physical activity levels and living conditions - have traditionally been the concern of public health and have not been linked closely to clinical practice. However, if standardized social and behavioral data can be incorporated into patient electronic health records (EHRs), those data can provide crucial information about factors that influence health and the effectiveness of treatment. Such information is useful for diagnosis, treatment choices, policy, health care system design, and innovations to improve health outcomes and reduce health care costs. Capturing Social and Behavioral Domains and Measures in Electronic Health Records: Phase 2 identifies domains and measures that capture the social determinants of health to inform the development of recommendations for the meaningful use of EHRs. This report is the second part of a two-part study. The Phase 1 report identified 17 domains for inclusion in EHRs. This report pinpoints 12 measures related to 11 of the initial domains and considers the implications of incorporating them into all EHRs. This book includes three chapters from the Phase 1 report in addition to the new Phase 2 material. Standardized use of EHRs that include social and behavioral domains could provide better patient care, improve population health, and enable more informative research. The recommendations of Capturing Social and Behavioral Domains and Measures in Electronic Health Records: Phase 2 will provide valuable information on which to base problem identification, clinical diagnoses, patient treatment, outcomes assessment, and population health measurement. ER - TY - BOOK AU - Institute of Medicine AU - National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine A2 - Lisa Bain A2 - Sheena Posey Norris TI - Assessing the Impact of Applications of Digital Health Records on Alzheimer's Disease Research: Workshop Summary SN - DO - 10.17226/21827 PY - 2016 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/21827/assessing-the-impact-of-applications-of-digital-health-records-on-alzheimers-disease-research PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Health and Medicine AB - Health information technology is providing patients, clinicians, and researchers with access to data that will enable novel approaches to science and medicine. Digital health records (DHRs) are capable of being shared across different health care settings for the examination of possible trends and long-term changes in a patient's disease progression or status as well as the effectiveness of the health care delivery system. While prevalence of paper records remains high, there has been a rapid trend toward the digitalization of medical and health records in many countries. DHRs are widely viewed as essential for improving health, reducing medical errors, and lowering costs. However, given that these databases have the potential to house the complete medical and health information of individuals, the potential misuse, de-identification or breaching of this data may have serious implications. On July 20, 2015, the Institute of Medicine's Forum on Neuroscience and Nervous System Disorders held a public session at the 2015 Alzheimer's Association International Conference to assess the impact of DHRs on Alzheimer's disease (AD) research. An estimated 46.8 million people worldwide are currently living with dementia, and the prevalence is expected to double every year for the next 20 years. Given the few therapies currently available to treat the symptoms of AD, compared to other central nervous system disorders, participants explored how DHRs may be used to help improve clinical trial design and methodology for AD research. This report summarizes the presentations and discussions from this workshop. ER - TY - BOOK AU - Institute of Medicine A2 - Joe Alper A2 - Monica N. Feit A2 - Jon Q. Sanders TI - Collecting Sexual Orientation and Gender Identity Data in Electronic Health Records: Workshop Summary SN - DO - 10.17226/18260 PY - 2013 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/18260/collecting-sexual-orientation-and-gender-identity-data-in-electronic-health-records PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Health and Medicine KW - Computers and Information Technology AB - Collecting Sexual Orientation and Gender Identity Data in Electronic Health Records: Workshop Summary reviews the statement of task set to the committee which required them to collect sexual orientation and gender identity data in electronic health records. This report summarizes the invited presentations and facilitated discussions about current practices around sexual orientation and gender identity data collection, the challenges in collecting these data, and ways in which these challenges can be overcome. Areas of focus for the workshop include the clinical rationale behind collecting these data, standardized questions that can be used to collect these data, mechanisms for supporting providers and patients in the collection of these data, technical specifications involved in creating standards for sexual orientation and gender identity data collection and exchange, and policy considerations related to the health information technology (HIT) Meaningful Use process being overseen by the Department of Health and Human Services. This report summarizes the workshop agenda, select invited speakers and discussants, and moderate the discussions. Invited participants will include lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) health care consumer advocates, providers with experience working with LGBT populations, HIT vendors and other HIT specialists, health care administrators, and policy makers. ER - TY - BOOK AU - National Research Council TI - Building an Electronic Records Archive: Letter Report DO - 10.17226/10843 PY - 2003 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/10843/building-an-electronic-records-archive-letter-report PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English ER - TY - BOOK AU - National Research Council TI - Climate Data Records from Environmental Satellites: Interim Report SN - DO - 10.17226/10944 PY - 2004 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/10944/climate-data-records-from-environmental-satellites-interim-report PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Earth Sciences AB - The report outlines key elements to consider in designing a program to create climate-quality data from satellites. It examines historical attempts to create climate data records, provides advice on steps for generating, re-analyzing, and storing satellite climate data, and discusses the importance of partnering between agencies, academia, and industry. NOAA will use this report—the first in a two-part study—to draft an implementation plan for climate data records. ER - TY - BOOK AU - National Research Council A2 - Margaret Hilton TI - Protecting Student Records and Facilitating Education Research: A Workshop Summary SN - DO - 10.17226/12514 PY - 2009 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/12514/protecting-student-records-and-facilitating-education-research-a-workshop-summary PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Policy for Science and Technology KW - Computers and Information Technology KW - Behavioral and Social Sciences KW - Surveys and Statistics AB - Designed to protect the privacy of individual student test scores, grades, and other education records, the Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act (FERPA) of 1974 places limits the access of educational researches, and slows research not only in education but also in related fields, such as child welfare and health. Recent trends have converged to greatly increase the supply of data on student performance in public schools. Education policies now emphasize education standards and testing to measure progress toward those standards, as well as rigorous education research. At the same time, private firms and public agencies, including schools, have replaced most paper records with electronic data systems. Although these databases represent a rich source of longitudinal data, researchers' access to the individually identifiable data they contain is limited by the privacy protections of FERPA. To explore possibilities for data access and confidentiality in compliance with FERPA and with the Common Rule for the Protection of Human Subjects, the National Academies and the American Educational Research Association convened the Workshop on Protecting Student Records and Facilitating Education Research in April 2008. ER - TY - BOOK AU - National Research Council A2 - Robert F. Sproull A2 - Jon Eisenberg TI - Building an Electronic Records Archive at the National Archives and Records Administration: Recommendations for a Long-Term Strategy SN - DO - 10.17226/11332 PY - 2005 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/11332/building-an-electronic-records-archive-at-the-national-archives-and-records-administration PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Computers and Information Technology AB - The federal government generates and increasingly saves a large and growing fraction of its records in electronic form. In 1998, the National Archives and Record Administration (NARA) launched its Electronic Archives (ERA) program to create a system to preserve and provide access to federal electronic records. To assist in this project, NARA asked the NRC to conduct a two-phase study to provide advice as it develops the ERA program. The first two reports (phase one) provided recommendations on design, engineering, and related issues facing the program. This report (phase two) focuses on longer term, more strategic issues including technology trends that will shape the ERA system, archival processes of the ERA, and future evolution of the system. It also provides an assessment of technical and design issues associated with record integrity and authenticity. ER -