@BOOK{NAP author = "National Research Council", editor = "Albert J. Reiss, Jr. and Jeffrey A. Roth", title = "Understanding and Preventing Violence, Volume 3: Social Influences", isbn = "978-0-309-05080-7", abstract = "This volume examines social influences on violent events and violent behavior, particularly concentrating on how the risks of violent criminal offending and victimization are influenced by communities, social situations, and individuals; the role of spouses and intimates; the differences in violence levels between males and females; and the roles of psychoactive substances in violent events.", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/4421/understanding-and-preventing-violence-volume-3-social-influences", year = 1994, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "National Research Council", editor = "Cherie Chauvin", title = "Threatening Communications and Behavior: Perspectives on the Pursuit of Public Figures", isbn = "978-0-309-18670-4", abstract = "Today's world of rapid social, technological, and behavioral change provides new opportunities for communications with few limitations of time and space. Through these communications, people leave behind an ever-growing collection of traces of their daily activities, including digital footprints provided by text, voice, and other modes of communication. Meanwhile, new techniques for aggregating and evaluating diverse and multimodal information sources are available to security services that must reliably identify communications indicating a high likelihood of future violence.\nIn the context of this changed and changing world of communications and behavior, the Board on Behavioral, Cognitive, and Sensory Sciences of the National Research Council presents this volume of three papers as one portion of the vast subject of threatening communications and behavior. The papers review the behavioral and social sciences research on the likelihood that someone who engages in abnormal and\/or threatening communications will actually then try to do harm. The focus is on how the scientific knowledge can inform and advance future research on threat assessments, in part by considering the approaches and techniques used to analyze communications and behavior in the dynamic context of today's world.\nThe papers in the collection were written within the context of protecting high-profile public figures from potential attach or harm. The research, however, is broadly applicable to U.S. national security including potential applications for analysis of communications from leaders of hostile nations and public threats from terrorist groups. This work highlights the complex psychology of threatening communications and behavior, and it offers knowledge and perspectives from multiple domains that contribute to a deeper understanding of the value of communications in predicting and preventing violent behaviors.", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/13091/threatening-communications-and-behavior-perspectives-on-the-pursuit-of-public", year = 2011, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine", editor = "Ana Deros and Jen Saunders", title = "Attacks on Scientists and Health Professionals During the Pandemic: Proceedings of a Symposium—in Brief", abstract = "Scientists and health professionals have long been targeted in connection with their professional work. Though this problem preceded the pandemic, it has emerged as a major concern, both in the United States and globally, as a result of COVID-19. Since the onset of the pandemic, scientists and health professionals have been subjected to threats and other attacks - online and offline - resulting from their efforts to combat the spread of COVID-19 with public health interventions and information. Reports of violence - carried out by numerous actors, including governments, groups, and individuals - are wide ranging and have come from all over the globe. In some cases, scientists, health professionals, and other groups have been targeted by multiple sources simultaneously, putting them at heightened risk of harm.\nBeginning September 1, 2022, the U.S. National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine Committee on Human Rights hosted five webcasts examining the global problem of COVID-19-related attacks on researchers and health professionals, along with concerns regarding repression of information during the pandemic and implications for internationally protected rights. Topics included the targeting of scientists and public health professionals for providing evidence-based health information, global patterns of violence against health personnel, censorship and the right to information, science communication and human rights amid public health emergencies, and constructing a human rights framework for online health-related speech. This Proceedings of a Symposium-in Brief provides a high-level summary of the issues discussed during the series.", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/26936/attacks-on-scientists-and-health-professionals-during-the-pandemic-proceedings", year = 2023, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "National Research Council", editor = "Nancy A. Crowell and Ann W. Burgess", title = "Understanding Violence Against Women", isbn = "978-0-309-05425-6", abstract = "Violence against women is one factor in the growing wave of alarm about violence in American society. High-profile cases such as the O.J. Simpson trial call attention to the thousands of lesser-known but no less tragic situations in which women's lives are shattered by beatings or sexual assault.\nThe search for solutions has highlighted not only what we know about violence against women but also what we do not know. How can we achieve the best understanding of this problem and its complex ramifications? What research efforts will yield the greatest benefit? What are the questions that must be answered?\nUnderstanding Violence Against Women presents a comprehensive overview of current knowledge and identifies four areas with the greatest potential return from a research investment by increasing the understanding of and responding to domestic violence and rape:\n\n What interventions are designed to do, whom they are reaching, and how to reach the many victims who do not seek help.\n Factors that put people at risk of violence and that precipitate violence, including characteristics of offenders.\n The scope of domestic violence and sexual assault in America and its conequences to individuals, families, and society, including costs.\n How to structure the study of violence against women to yield more useful knowledge.\n\nDespite the news coverage and talk shows, the real fundamental nature of violence against women remains unexplored and often misunderstood. Understanding Violence Against Women provides direction for increasing knowledge that can help ameliorate this national problem.", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/5127/understanding-violence-against-women", year = 1996, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine", editor = "Linda Boyd and Elizabeth Hutchison and Cara Tuttle and Jeena Thomas", title = "Preventing and Addressing Retaliation Resulting from Sexual Harassment in Academia", abstract = "Retaliation in any form can result in a range of negative consequences for those who experience it either directly or indirectly. Individuals can experience limitations in the opportunities to contribute and advance in their career, and they may feel as if their only response to the adversity is to leave the field. When an institution allows such retaliation to take place, the target\u2019s sense of trust and dependency in the institution to maintain their safety and act on their behalf is negatively impacted. Retaliation can also have consequences for the broader community and the institution. For example, observers of retaliation can be affected by the low morale in the department or unit stemming from retaliation. The paper illustrates how legal protections can fall short when various types of retaliatory actions occur in academia and explores how institutions can creatively address retaliation with broader policies\u2014policies that expand on and hone institutions\u2019 current anti-retaliation practices, engender effective communication of their response to various forms of retaliation.\nThis individually-authored issue paper was created by members of the Remediation Working Group of the Action Collaborative on Preventing Sexual Harassment in Higher Education to explore the full implications of retaliation in higher education and develop a paper that provides relevant information as discussed in the 2018 National Academies report Sexual Harassment of Women: Climate, Culture, and Consequences in Academic Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. The Action Collaborative on Preventing Sexual Harassment in Higher Education of the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine brings together academic and research institutions and key stakeholders to work toward targeted, collective action on addressing and preventing sexual harassment across all disciplines and among all people in higher education. The Action Collaborative includes four working groups (Prevention, Response, Remediation, and Evaluation) that identify topics in need of research, gather information, and publish resources for the higher education community.", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/27362/preventing-and-addressing-retaliation-resulting-from-sexual-harassment-in-academia", year = 2023, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine", editor = "Deepali Patel", title = "Violence and Mental Health: Opportunities for Prevention and Early Detection: Proceedings of a Workshop", isbn = "978-0-309-46662-2", abstract = "On February 26\u201327, 2014, the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine\u2019s Forum on Global Violence Prevention convened a workshop titled Mental Health and Violence: Opportunities for Prevention and Early Intervention. The workshop brought together advocates and experts in public health and mental health, anthropology, biomedical science, criminal justice, global health and development, and neuroscience to examine experience, evidence, and practice at the intersection of mental health and violence. Participants explored how violence impacts mental health and how mental health influences violence and discussed approaches to improve research and practice in both domains. This publication summarizes the presentations and discussions from the workshop.", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/24916/violence-and-mental-health-opportunities-for-prevention-and-early-detection", year = 2018, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine", title = "Evaluation of the Disability Determination Process for Traumatic Brain Injury in Veterans", isbn = "978-0-309-48686-6", abstract = "The Veterans Benefits Administration (VBA) provides disability compensation to veterans with a service-connected injury, and to receive disability compensation from the Department of Veterans Affairs (VA), a veteran must submit a claim or have a claim submitted on his or her behalf. Evaluation of the Disability Determination Process for Traumatic Brain Injury in Veterans reviews the process by which the VA assesses impairments resulting from traumatic brain injury for purposes of awarding disability compensation. This report also provides recommendations for legislative or administrative action for improving the adjudication of veterans' claims seeking entitlement to compensation for all impairments arising from a traumatic brain injury.", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/25317/evaluation-of-the-disability-determination-process-for-traumatic-brain-injury-in-veterans", year = 2019, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "National Research Council and Institute of Medicine", editor = "Joan McCord and Cathy Spatz Widom and Nancy A. Crowell", title = "Juvenile Crime, Juvenile Justice", isbn = "978-0-309-06842-0", abstract = "Even though youth crime rates have fallen since the mid-1990s, public fear and political rhetoric over the issue have heightened. The Columbine shootings and other sensational incidents add to the furor. Often overlooked are the underlying problems of child poverty, social disadvantage, and the pitfalls inherent to adolescent decisionmaking that contribute to youth crime. From a policy standpoint, adolescent offenders are caught in the crossfire between nurturance of youth and punishment of criminals, between rehabilitation and \"get tough\" pronouncements. In the midst of this emotional debate, the National Research Council's Panel on Juvenile Crime steps forward with an authoritative review of the best available data and analysis. Juvenile Crime, Juvenile Justice presents recommendations for addressing the many aspects of America's youth crime problem.\nThis timely release discusses patterns and trends in crimes by children and adolescents\u2014trends revealed by arrest data, victim reports, and other sources; youth crime within general crime; and race and sex disparities. The book explores desistance\u2014the probability that delinquency or criminal activities decrease with age\u2014and evaluates different approaches to predicting future crime rates.\nWhy do young people turn to delinquency? Juvenile Crime, Juvenile Justice presents what we know and what we urgently need to find out about contributing factors, ranging from prenatal care, differences in temperament, and family influences to the role of peer relationships, the impact of the school policies toward delinquency, and the broader influences of the neighborhood and community. Equally important, this book examines a range of solutions:\n\n Prevention and intervention efforts directed to individuals, peer groups, and families, as well as day care-, school- and community-based initiatives.\n Intervention within the juvenile justice system.\n Role of the police.\n Processing and detention of youth offenders.\n Transferring youths to the adult judicial system.\n Residential placement of juveniles.\n\nThe book includes background on the American juvenile court system, useful comparisons with the juvenile justice systems of other nations, and other important information for assessing this problem.", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/9747/juvenile-crime-juvenile-justice", year = 2001, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "National Academy of Sciences and National Academy of Engineering and Institute of Medicine", editor = "Torsten Wiesel and Carol Corillon", title = "Guatemala: Human Rights and the Myrna Mack Case", isbn = "978-0-309-08916-6", abstract = "Two members of the Committee on Human Rights (CHR), NAS member Mary Jane West-Eberhard and NAS\/NAE member Morton Panish, undertook a mission to Guatemala to observe the trial of two high-level Guatemalan military officials who were charged with ordering the murder of Guatemalan anthropologist Myrna Mack. She was stabbed to death in 1990, two days after a report for which she was principal researcher, \"Assistance and Control: Policies Toward Internally Displaced Populations in Guatemala,\" was published by the Georgetown University Press. Ms. Mack had been doing research on and writing about the unjust treatment of the internally displaced people in Guatemala. Thirteen years after Ms. Mack's murder\u2014after the case had gone through dozens of courts and countless delays\u2014a general and colonel in the Guatemalan military intelligence apparatus were brought to trial, and one was convicted. This marked the first time in Guatemalan history that a high-level military official had been brought to justice for atrocities he committed during Guatemala's 30-year civil war. This report summarizes the one-month trial proceedings. ", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/10691/guatemala-human-rights-and-the-myrna-mack-case", year = 2003, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "Institute of Medicine and National Research Council", editor = "Louise Flavahan", title = "Preventing Intimate Partner Violence in Uganda, Kenya, and Tanzania: Summary of a Joint Workshop by the Institute of Medicine, the National Research Council, and the Uganda National Academy of Sciences", isbn = "978-0-309-37451-4", abstract = "Globally, between 15-71 percent of women will experience physical and\/or sexual abuse from an intimate partner at some point in their lifetime. Too often this preventable form of violence is repetitive in nature, occurring at multiple points across the lifespan. The prevalence of intimate partner violence is on the higher end of this spectrum in East Africa, with in-country demographic and health surveys indicating that approximately half of all women between the ages of 15-49 in Uganda, Kenya, and Tanzania having experienced physical or sexual abuse within a partnership.\nIt is now widely accepted that preventing intimate partner violence is possible and can be achieved through a greater understanding of the problem; its risk and protective factors; and effective evidence-informed primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention. To that end, on August 11-12, 2014, the Institute of Medicine's Forum on Global Violence Prevention, in a collaborative partnership with the Uganda National Academy of Sciences, convened a workshop focused on informing and creating synergies within a diverse community of researchers, health workers, and decision makers committed to promoting intimate partner violence-prevention efforts that are innovative, evidence-based, and crosscutting. This workshop brought together a variety of stakeholders and community workers from Uganda, Kenya, and Tanzania to engage in a meaningful, multidirectional dialogue regarding intimate partner violence in the region. Preventing Intimate Partner Violence in Uganda, Kenya, and Tanzania summarizes the presentations and discussion of the workshop.", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/21756/preventing-intimate-partner-violence-in-uganda-kenya-and-tanzania-summary", year = 2015, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "Transportation Research Board and National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine", editor = "Countermeasures Assessment and Security Experts, LLC and Transportation Resource Associates, Inc.", title = "Tools and Strategies for Eliminating Assaults Against Transit Operators, Volume 1: Research Overview", abstract = "TRB's Transit Cooperative Research Program (TCRP) Research Report 193: Tools and Strategies for Eliminating Assaults Against Transit Operators, Volume 1: Research Overview provides the materials and methodology used to produce potential countermeasures and strategies to prevent or mitigate assaults against transit operators.Transit industry policies, practices, and operating procedures related to preventing, mitigating, and responding to operator assaults are not uniform. The policies and procedures set by the transit agency and situational and design factors can shape mitigation approaches. The format, scale, and implementation of these measures vary greatly among transit agencies. Many agencies have written policies that address workplace violence prevention, but they vary widely in content, scope, and application. Relevant skills and training required by transit operators to address this issue vary as well.Volume 1 documents the materials used to develop TCRP Research Report 193: Tools and Strategies for Eliminating Assaults Against Transit Operators, Volume 2: User Guide. The User Guide includes an operator assault risk management toolbox developed to support transit agencies in their efforts to prevent, mitigate, and respond to assaults against operators. The User Guide also provides transit agencies with guidance in the use and deployment of the vulnerability self-assessment tool and the route-based risk calculator and includes supportive checklists, guidelines, and methodologies.", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/25115/tools-and-strategies-for-eliminating-assaults-against-transit-operators-volume-1-research-overview", year = 2018, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine", editor = "Frederick Rivara and Suzanne Le Menestrel", title = "Preventing Bullying Through Science, Policy, and Practice", isbn = "978-0-309-44067-7", abstract = "Bullying has long been tolerated as a rite of passage among children and adolescents. There is an implication that individuals who are bullied must have \"asked for\" this type of treatment, or deserved it. Sometimes, even the child who is bullied begins to internalize this idea. For many years, there has been a general acceptance and collective shrug when it comes to a child or adolescent with greater social capital or power pushing around a child perceived as subordinate. But bullying is not developmentally appropriate; it should not be considered a normal part of the typical social grouping that occurs throughout a child's life.\nAlthough bullying behavior endures through generations, the milieu is changing. Historically, bulling has occurred at school, the physical setting in which most of childhood is centered and the primary source for peer group formation. In recent years, however, the physical setting is not the only place bullying is occurring. Technology allows for an entirely new type of digital electronic aggression, cyberbullying, which takes place through chat rooms, instant messaging, social media, and other forms of digital electronic communication.\nComposition of peer groups, shifting demographics, changing societal norms, and modern technology are contextual factors that must be considered to understand and effectively react to bullying in the United States. Youth are embedded in multiple contexts and each of these contexts interacts with individual characteristics of youth in ways that either exacerbate or attenuate the association between these individual characteristics and bullying perpetration or victimization. Recognizing that bullying behavior is a major public health problem that demands the concerted and coordinated time and attention of parents, educators and school administrators, health care providers, policy makers, families, and others concerned with the care of children, this report evaluates the state of the science on biological and psychosocial consequences of peer victimization and the risk and protective factors that either increase or decrease peer victimization behavior and consequences.", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/23482/preventing-bullying-through-science-policy-and-practice", year = 2016, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "Institute of Medicine", editor = "Kimberly A. Scott", title = "Violence Prevention in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: Finding a Place on the Global Agenda: Workshop Summary", isbn = "978-0-309-11205-5", abstract = "The current state of science in violence prevention reveals progress, promise, and a number of remaining challenges. In order to fully examine the issue of global violence prevention, the Institute of Medicine in collaboration with Global Violence Prevention Advocacy, convened a workshop and released the workshop summary entitled, Violence Prevention in Low-and Middle-Income Countries.\nThe workshop brought together participants with a wide array of expertise in fields related to health, criminal justice, public policy, and economic development, to study and articulate specific opportunities for the U.S. government and other leaders with resources to more effectively support programming for prevention of the many types of violence. Participants highlighted the need for the timely development of an integrated, science-based approach and agenda to support research, clinical practice, program development, policy analysis, and advocacy for violence prevention.", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/12016/violence-prevention-in-low-and-middle-income-countries-finding-a", year = 2008, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine", editor = "Krisztina Marton", title = "Measuring Trauma: Workshop Summary", isbn = "978-0-309-44337-1", abstract = "The Workshop on Integrating New Measures of Trauma into the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration\u2019s (SAMHSA) Data Collection Programs, held in Washington, D.C. in December 2015, was organized as part of an effort to assist SAMHSA and the Office of the Assistant Secretary for Planning and Evaluation of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services in their responsibilities to expand the collection of behavioral health data to include measures of trauma. The main goals of the workshop were to discuss options for collecting data and producing estimates on exposure to traumatic events and PTSD, including available measures and associated possible data collection mechanisms. This report summarizes the presentations and discussions from the workshop.", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/23526/measuring-trauma-workshop-summary", year = 2016, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "National Research Council and Institute of Medicine", editor = "Joah G. Iannotta", title = "Nontechnical Strategies to Reduce Children's Exposure to Inappropriate Material on the Internet: Summary of a Workshop", isbn = "978-0-309-07591-6", abstract = "In response to a mandate from Congress in conjunction with the Protection of Children from Sexual Predators Act of 1998, the Computer Science and Telecommunications Board and the Board on Children, Youth, and Families of the National Research Council and the Institute of Medicine established a committee of experts to explore options to protect children from pornography and other inappropriate Internet content. In June 2000, the Committee to Study Tools and Strategies for Protecting Kids from Pornography on the Internet and Their Applicability to Other Inappropriate Internet Content was established. Support for the committee's work came from the U.S. Department of Education, the U.S. Department of Justice, Microsoft Corporation, IBM, the W.K. Kellogg Foundation, and the National Research Council. The committee has been charged with exploring the pros and cons of different technology options and operational policies as well as nontechnical strategies that can help to provide young people with positive and safe online experiences.\nOn December 13, 2000, the committee convened a workshop to provide public input to its work and focus on nontechnical strategies that could be effective in a broad range of settings (e.g., home, school, libraries) in which young people might be online. The overarching goal of this activity was to provide a forum for discussing the implications of this research with regard to policy and practice and identifying research needed to advance and inform policy and practice.", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/10168/nontechnical-strategies-to-reduce-childrens-exposure-to-inappropriate-material-on-the-internet", year = 2001, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "National Research Council", editor = "John V. Pepper and Carol V. Petrie", title = "Measurement Problems in Criminal Justice Research: Workshop Summary", isbn = "978-0-309-08635-6", abstract = "Most major crime in this country emanates from two major data sources. The FBI\u2019s Uniform Crime Reports has collected information on crimes known to the police and arrests from local and state jurisdictions throughout the country. The National Crime Victimization Survey, a general population survey designed to cover the extent, nature, and consequences of criminal victimization, has been conducted annually since the early1970s. This workshop was designed to consider similarities and differences in the methodological problems encountered by the survey and criminal justice research communities and what might be the best focus for the research community. In addition to comparing and contrasting the methodological issues associated with self-report surveys and official records, the workshop explored methods for obtaining accurate self-reports on sensitive questions about crime events, estimating crime and victimization in rural counties and townships and developing unbiased prevalence and incidence rates for rate events among population subgroups.\n", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/10581/measurement-problems-in-criminal-justice-research-workshop-summary", year = 2003, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "National Research Council", editor = "Candace Kruttschnitt and Brenda L. McLaughlin and Carol V. Petrie", title = "Advancing the Federal Research Agenda on Violence Against Women", isbn = "978-0-309-09109-1", abstract = " This report expands on the work of an earlier National Research Council panel\nwhose report, Understanding Violence Against Women, was published in 1996. The\nreport is based on the presentations and deliberations of a workshop convened in\nJanuary 2002, at the request of Congress, to develop a detailed research agenda\non violence against women. While some of the research recommendations in the\nearlier report have been funded and carried out, the workshop demonstrated that\nimportant gaps remain. For example, prevalence and incidence data are still inadequate\nto measure trends or to reveal whether interventions being designed under\nfederal programs are, in fact, working. Among its primary recommendations, the\ncommittee underscored the importance of strengthening the data and research\ninfrastructure in this area, especially the need for better prevalence data and longitudinal\ndata to determine the causes of violent victimization of women and the impact\nof interventions.", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/10849/advancing-the-federal-research-agenda-on-violence-against-women", year = 2004, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "National Research Council", editor = "Richard J. Bonnie and Robert B. Wallace", title = "Elder Mistreatment: Abuse, Neglect, and Exploitation in an Aging America", isbn = "978-0-309-08434-5", abstract = "Since the late 1970s when Congressman Claude Pepper held widely publicized hearings on the mistreatment of the elderly, policy makers and practitioners have sought ways to protect older Americans from physical, psychological, and financial abuse. Yet, during the last 20 years fewer than\n50 articles have addressed the shameful problem that abusers\u2014and sometimes the abused themselves\u2014want to conceal.\nElder Mistreatment in an Aging America takes a giant step toward broadening our understanding of the mistreatment of the elderly and recommends specific research and funding strategies that can be used to deepen it. The book includes a discussion of the conceptual, methodological, and logistical issues needed to create a solid research base as well as the ethical concerns that must be considered when working with older subjects. It also looks at problems in determination of a report's reliability and the role of physicians, EMTs, and others who are among the first to recognize situations of mistreatment. \nElder Mistreatment in an Aging America will be of interest to anyone concerned about the elderly and ways to intervene when abuse is suspected, including family members, caregivers, and advocates for the elderly. It will also be of interest to researchers, research sponsors, and policy makers who need to know how to advance our knowledge of this problem. ", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/10406/elder-mistreatment-abuse-neglect-and-exploitation-in-an-aging-america", year = 2003, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine", editor = "Carla S. Alvarado", title = "School Success: An Opportunity for Population Health: Proceedings of a Workshop—in Brief", abstract = "The National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine's Roundtable on Population Health Improvement\nhosted a workshop in Oakland, California, at The California Endowment's Oakland Conference Center on June 14,\n2018. The workshop featured presentations that described the relationship between the health and education sectors\nand shared examples of public health interventions and activities in schools that support school success and are potential opportunities for population health action.", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/25370/school-success-an-opportunity-for-population-health-proceedings-of-a", year = 2019, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP editor = "Rosemary Chalk and Patricia A. King", title = "Violence in Families: Assessing Prevention and Treatment Programs", isbn = "978-0-309-05496-6", abstract = "Reports of mistreated children, domestic violence, and abuse of elderly persons continue to strain the capacity of police, courts, social services agencies, and medical centers. At the same time, myriad treatment and prevention programs are providing services to victims and offenders. Although limited research knowledge exists regarding the effectiveness of these programs, such information is often scattered, inaccessible, and difficult to obtain.\nViolence in Families takes the first hard look at the successes and failures of family violence interventions. It offers recommendations to guide services, programs, policy, and research on victim support and assistance, treatments and penalties for offenders, and law enforcement. Included is an analysis of more than 100 evaluation studies on the outcomes of different kinds of programs and services.\nViolence in Families provides the most comprehensive review on the topic to date. It explores the scope and complexity of family violence, including identification of the multiple types of victims and offenders, who require different approaches to intervention. The book outlines new strategies that offer promising approaches for service providers and researchers and for improving the evaluation of prevention and treatment services. Violence in Families discusses issues that underlie all types of family violence, such as the tension between family support and the protection of children, risk factors that contribute to violent behavior in families, and the balance between family privacy and community interventions.\nThe core of the book is a research-based review of interventions used in three institutional sectors\u2014social services, health, and law enforcement settings\u2014and how to measure their effectiveness in combating maltreatment of children, domestic violence, and abuse of the elderly. Among the questions explored by the committee: Does the child protective services system work? Does the threat of arrest deter batterers? The volume discusses the strength of the evidence and highlights emerging links among interventions in different institutional settings.\nThorough, readable, and well organized, Violence in Families synthesizes what is known and outlines what needs to be discovered. This volume will be of great interest to policymakers, social services providers, health care professionals, police and court officials, victim advocates, researchers, and concerned individuals.", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/5285/violence-in-families-assessing-prevention-and-treatment-programs", year = 1998, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" }