TY - BOOK AU - National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine TI - Innovations in Catalysis to Address Modern Challenges: Proceedings of a Workshop–in Brief DO - 10.17226/27161 PY - 2023 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/27161/innovations-in-catalysis-to-address-modern-challenges-proceedings-of-a PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Math, Chemistry, and Physics AB - The National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine Chemical Sciences Roundtable convened a workshop to discuss how the chemistry and chemical engineering communities can contribute practical solutions for improving chemical production through innovations in catalysis. Keynote presentations highlighted the implementation of sustainability in catalysis, including policy considerations and systems-level approaches to catalysis innovations. Throughout three presentation sessions, workshop participants discussed opportunities in various fields of catalysis, such as biocatalysis, electrocatalysis, and photocatalysis, as well as novel approaches to catalyst design and catalytic processes and reactions. The workshop also featured a session titled Vistas in Catalysis, in which 14 participants gave 3-minute presentations on topics ranging from photoelectrochemical water-splitting to machine learning in catalyst development. This publication summarizes the presentations and discussion of the workshop. ER - TY - BOOK AU - National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine A2 - Paula Whitacre TI - Interpreting the Axioms of Innovation: Proceedings of a Workshop—in Brief DO - 10.17226/27434 PY - 2023 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/27434/interpreting-the-axioms-of-innovation-proceedings-of-a-workshop-in PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Policy for Science and Technology AB - Innovation is a major contributor to national security, productivity, competitiveness, and economic growth. Recent legislation and policies, most notably the CHIPS + Science Act of 2022, provide significant support to transform the science and research enterprise, with a focus on strengthening commercialization ecosystems and providing opportunities for historically underserved students and communities to be engaged in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics. On June 13-14, 2023, the Government-University-Research Roundtable of the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine held a workshop to consider the axioms of innovation - the underpinning norms, conditions, and culture of innovation environments in the United States and globally. Participants discussed new trends in the theory and practice of innovation, as well as innovation-fostering partnerships and collaboration across sectors and disciplines. This publication summarizes the presentations and discussion of the workshop. ER - TY - BOOK AU - National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine A2 - Kavita Berger A2 - Anne Johnson A2 - Julie Pavlin A2 - Nam Vu TI - Exploring Actions for Epidemic and Pandemic Preparedness: Proceedings of a Symposium—in Brief DO - 10.17226/27226 PY - 2023 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/27226/exploring-actions-for-epidemic-and-pandemic-preparedness-proceedings-of-a PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Health and Medicine AB - Investing in pandemic preparedness ahead of disease outbreaks can greatly reduce the toll of epidemics and pandemics when they occur. Although several tools exist for assessing pandemic preparedness at an epidemiological and operational level, less information and fewer approaches are available to guide the prioritization of preparedness investments at the country level. The National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine held an international, virtual symposium series in May and June 2023 to explore possible strategies for evidence-based prioritization of global health capabilities to prepare for future epidemics and pandemics. Speakers and participants discussed assessment tools for national action planning; country and organizational decision-making about funding priorities; effective approaches for disease surveillance and risk communication; governance structures that support robust and reliable systems for global health investments; and specific actions for tools and resource prioritization for preventing and preparing for future epidemics and pandemics. This publication summarizes the presentation and discussions of the symposium. ER - TY - BOOK AU - National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine A2 - Franklin Carrero-Martínez A2 - Paula Whitacre A2 - Emi Kameyama TI - Challenges and Opportunities Toward a Just Transition and Sustainable Development: Proceedings of a Workshop—in Brief DO - 10.17226/27428 PY - 2023 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/27428/challenges-and-opportunities-toward-a-just-transition-and-sustainable-development PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Environment and Environmental Studies KW - Energy and Energy Conservation KW - Policy for Science and Technology AB - The concept of a just transition is increasingly recognized as a key element of sustainable development and the transformation of low-carbon economies and societies. Challenges to achieve a just transition include limited data availability and stakeholder engagement, issues of inequality, lack of regulations, and limited financial resources. To explore how to address these challenges, the Roundtable on Science and Technology for Sustainability, the Board on Energy and Environmental Systems, and the Board on Science Education at the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine jointly convened a public workshop on July 24, 2023. Participants discussed scientific-related priorities to a just transition and ways to translate research from the lab to the field and practice, as well as ways to inform policy making. This publication summarizes the presentations and discussion of the workshop. ER - TY - BOOK AU - National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine A2 - Kyle Cavagnini A2 - Carolyn Shore A2 - Megan Snair TI - Enhancing Public Access to the Results of Research Supported by the Department of Health and Human Services: Proceedings of a Workshop–in Brief DO - 10.17226/27480 PY - 2024 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/27480/enhancing-public-access-to-the-results-of-research-supported-by-the-department-of-health-and-human-services PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Health and Medicine AB - The National Academies hosted a hybrid public workshop in Fall 2023, in Fall 2023, sponsored by the National Institutes of Health, to explore approaches that U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) agencies could consider as they develop or update policies to enhance public access to the results of HHS-funded research. Workshop participants discussed how policy changes would promote equity in publication opportunities for investigators, provide ways to improve accessibility to publications by diverse communities of users, and increase findability and transparency of research results. ER - TY - BOOK AU - National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine A2 - Bridget McGovern A2 - Laurie Geller TI - Technology Developments to Advance Antarctic Research: Proceedings of a Workshop SN - DO - 10.17226/26699 PY - 2022 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/26699/technology-developments-to-advance-antarctic-research-proceedings-of-a-workshop PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Earth Sciences AB - Antarctica and the Southern Ocean are important research locations for many scientific disciplines, including oceanography, biology, and astronomy. Because of its remoteness and the extreme and dangerous weather conditions in which researchers must operate, research in this region presents many unique challenges. New and improved technologies can make Antarctic research safer, more efficient, and capable of covering a greater spatial and temporal range, all while minimizing the costs and environmental impacts of this research. At the request of the National Science Foundation Office of Polar Programs, the Polar Research Board of the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine convened a workshop on May 3-5, 2022, to solicit broad community ideas regarding how technological developments can advance and expand Antarctic research and polar research more generally. Workshop participants discussed recent and potential technological breakthroughs, cross-cutting research themes, and how new technologies can facilitate broader, more diverse participation in Antarctic research. This publication summarizes the presentations and discussions of the workshop. ER - TY - BOOK AU - National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine A2 - Carol Berkower TI - Reflections on the National Science Foundation's Understanding the Rules of Life Program: Proceedings of a Workshop Series SN - DO - 10.17226/27020 PY - 2023 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/27020/reflections-on-the-national-science-foundations-understanding-the-rules-of-life-program PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Biology and Life Sciences AB - In 2016, the National Science Foundation (NSF) established a five-year program on Understanding the Rules of Life (URoL) to identify generalizable rules that govern biological systems at micro and macro levels. At the request of NSF, the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine convened a series of workshops to explore the achievements of the URoL program. Presenters and participants discussed integration of multi-disciplinary, systems-level approaches, broader implications for studying highly complex systems, future scientific questions and future societal needs, and the production of generalizable rules that apply to different fields and scales. This publication summarizes the presentation and discussion of the workshop. ER - TY - BOOK AU - National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine A2 - Alexandra Andrada A2 - Sharyl J. Nass A2 - Joe Alper TI - Strategies and Interventions to Reduce Suicide: Proceedings of a Workshop SN - DO - 10.17226/26471 PY - 2022 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/26471/strategies-and-interventions-to-reduce-suicide-proceedings-of-a-workshop PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Health and Medicine AB - The persistent trends in suicide necessitate action among mental health care providers and payers, researchers, and community leaders. Health care settings provide an important opportunity for suicide intervention and prevention, but they cannot yet fully manage suicide risk because of a lack of training, knowledge gaps, and reimbursement challenges. School, workplace, and community-based interventions can help reduce the incidence of suicidal behavior, as can better access to care and reduced access to lethal means of suicide. To better understand the strategies to improve access to effective interventions to prevent suicide, the Forum on Mental Health and Substance Use Disorders at the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine hosted a two-part virtual public workshop, Strategies and Interventions to Reduce Suicide, on June 22, 2021, and July 28, 2021. The first webinar examined the scope of the public health problem, discussed implementation of effective approaches for suicide prevention care, and addressed known barriers to health care access. The second webinar focused on building 9-8-8, the new nationwide emergency number designated to the National Suicide Prevention Lifeline. Participants discussed current crisis systems, gaps, challenges, and needs for marginalized populations. This Proceedings of a Workshop summarizes the presentations and discussions that occurred during the workshops. ER - TY - BOOK AU - National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine A2 - Anna Nicholson A2 - Tamara Haag TI - Community Power in Population Health Improvement: Proceedings of a Workshop SN - DO - 10.17226/26306 PY - 2022 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/26306/community-power-in-population-health-improvement-proceedings-of-a-workshop PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Health and Medicine AB - To explore issues related to community-driven power-building efforts to improve population health, the Roundtable on Population Health Improvement of the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine hosted a virtual public workshop, "Community Power in Population Health Improvement", on January 28 and 29, 2021. Participants discussed the different components and dimensions of community-led action around different population health improvement topics such as education, transportation, environmental health, healthy eating, and active living, among others. This Proceedings of a Workshop summarizes the presentations and discussion of the workshop. ER - TY - BOOK AU - National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine A2 - Steven Kendall A2 - Anita Eisenstadt TI - Solar Geoengineering Research Governance: Proceedings of a Workshop—in Brief DO - 10.17226/25811 PY - 2020 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/25811/solar-geoengineering-research-governance-proceedings-of-a-workshop-in-brief PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Earth Sciences KW - Engineering and Technology AB - Despite efforts to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, many countries’ efforts reduce emissions are falling short of targets needed to limit global warming and its associated negative impacts. While there is widespread agreement that continued efforts to reduce emissions and adapt to climate change are paramount, there is growing interest in “climate intervention” or “geoengineering” approaches, including those that reduce global warming by reflecting sunlight to cool Earth. In a workshop held in September 2019, the National Academies convened experts to inform a larger study on solar geoengineering. Workshop participants discussed the governance of research at international, national, and sub-national scales and explored research governance mechanisms that might be applied to climate intervention research. This publication summarizes the presentations and discussions for the workshop. ER - TY - BOOK AU - National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine A2 - Erin Markovich A2 - Laurie Geller TI - Developing a Research Agenda for Solar Geoengineering Strategies: Proceedings of a Workshop—in Brief DO - 10.17226/25815 PY - 2020 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/25815/developing-a-research-agenda-for-solar-geoengineering-strategies-proceedings-of PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Earth Sciences KW - Engineering and Technology AB - Despite efforts to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, many countries’ efforts reduce emissions are falling short of targets needed to limit global warming and its associated negative impacts. While there is widespread agreement that continued efforts to reduce emissions and adapt to climate change are paramount, there is growing interest in “climate intervention” or “geoengineering” approaches, including those that reduce global warming by reflecting sunlight to cool Earth. In a workshop held in August 2019, the National Academies convened experts to inform a larger study on solar geoengineering. Workshop participants discussed the current status of, and future directions for research on solar geoengineering strategies, including stratospheric aerosol injection, marine cloud brightening, and cirrus cloud thinning. This publication summarizes the presentations and discussions for the workshop. ER - TY - BOOK AU - National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine A2 - Jennifer Saunders TI - Preserving and Developing Ukraine's Human Capital in Research, Education, and Innovation: Proceedings of a Workshop—in Brief DO - 10.17226/27417 PY - 2024 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/27417/preserving-and-developing-ukraines-human-capital-in-research-education-and-innovation PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Industry and Labor AB - The February 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine has devastated the country, resulting in mass casualties, destruction of facilities and infrastructure, and significant internal and external migration. The invasion also ravaged science and technology sectors, not only in terms of damaging physical facilities and institutions, but also by displacing scientists and creating challenging conditions that researchers who remain in Ukraine must face to continue their work. Because scientific and technological advances will drive many future national security and economic growth decisions, it is critical to strengthen and rebuild its capacity to establish and maintain a robust science and innovation system that supports basic and applied research, trains the next generation of scientists and engineers, and provides mechanisms for science and technology decision-making and advice to Ukrainian policymakers. In support of this effort, the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine convened a workshop on June 5, 21, and 28, 2023, on how to establish flexible, impactful, and sustainable programs, both today and in the future, to support the Ukrainian research community. During the workshop, speakers shared best approaches to strengthening and developing human capital needed to manage a modern research and innovation system. Participants also discussed efforts to provide funding or develop scientific collaboration in support of researchers. This publication summarizes the presentation and discussion of the workshop. ER - TY - BOOK AU - National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine A2 - Anne Frances Johnson TI - Data Analytics and What It Means to the Materials Community: Proceedings of a Workshop SN - DO - 10.17226/25628 PY - 2021 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/25628/data-analytics-and-what-it-means-to-the-materials-community PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Engineering and Technology AB - Emerging techniques in data analytics, including machine learning and artificial intelligence, offer exciting opportunities for advancing scientific discovery and innovation in materials science. Vast repositories of experimental data and sophisticated simulations are being utilized to predict material properties, design and test new compositions, and accelerate nearly every facet of traditional materials science. How can the materials science community take advantage of these opportunities while avoiding potential pitfalls? What roadblocks may impede progress in the coming years, and how might they be addressed? To explore these issues, the Workshop on Data Analytics and What It Means to the Materials Community was organized as part of a workshop series on Defense Materials, Manufacturing, and Its Infrastructure. Hosted by the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, the 2-day workshop was organized around three main topics: materials design, data curation, and emerging applications. Speakers identified promising data analytics tools and their achievements to date, as well as key challenges related to dealing with sparse data and filling data gaps; decisions around data storage, retention, and sharing; and the need to access, combine, and use data from disparate sources. Participants discussed the complementary roles of simulation and experimentation and explored the many opportunities for data informatics to increase the efficiency of materials discovery, design, and testing by reducing the amount of experimentation required. With an eye toward the ultimate goal of enabling applications, attendees considered how to ensure that the benefits of data analytics tools carry through the entire materials development process, from exploration to validation, manufacturing, and use. This publication summarizes the presentations and discussion of the workshop. ER - TY - BOOK AU - National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine TI - Understanding the Rules of Life Program: Scientific Advancements and Future Opportunities DO - 10.17226/27021 PY - 2023 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/27021/understanding-the-rules-of-life-program-scientific-advancements-and-future PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Biology and Life Sciences AB - In 2023, the National Academies held a series of facilitated workshops to gather information on progress to date on projects funded by the National Science Foundation (NSF) Understanding the Rules of Life (URoL) program. A fundamental goal of the URoL program is to identify the causal, predictive relationships that drive how life functions—a concept articulated as the "rules of life." Principal investigators of the URoL program shared findings from their research and how those findings might contribute to identifying rules of life that are generalizable across fields and scales. Participants also discussed how they have incorporated multidisciplinary, systems-level approaches into their work. This booklet highlights the program's focus areas and reach, major scientific breakthroughs, and lessons for research and education across scientific disciplines. This booklet is intended for policy and lay audiences interested in learning more about the goals and opportunities of NSF's URoL program. ER - TY - BOOK AU - National Academy of Engineering AU - National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine A2 - Anne Frances Johnson TI - Materials Science and Engineering in a Post-Pandemic World: A DoD Perspective: Proceedings of a Workshop SN - DO - 10.17226/26226 PY - 2022 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/26226/materials-science-and-engineering-in-a-post-pandemic-world-a-dod-perspective PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Engineering and Technology AB - Advances in materials science and engineering play a crucial role in supporting the U.S. economy and national security. To maintain its leading edge in the field, the United States relies on a rich and diverse innovation ecosystem encompassing industry, academic institutions, and government laboratories. While this ecosystem has generated numerous gains for defense agencies, the technology sector, consumers, and the country as a whole over many decades, recent years have brought new challenges and a shifting global dynamic in the field. The United States, long a global magnet for science, technology, engineering, and mathematics education and expertise, has seen its competitive edge slip as other countries in Europe and Asia have increased their investments in cultivating science and engineering talent and innovation. In 2020, the emergence of the COVID-19 pandemic caused far-reaching disruptions for both education and supply chains across the world, compounding many of the dynamics that were already affecting materials science and engineering in the United States. To explore these issues, the Workshop on Materials Science and Engineering in a Post-Pandemic World was organized as part of a workshop series on Defense Materials Manufacturing and Its Infrastructure. Hosted by the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, the virtual event brought together approximately 30 speakers and attendees representing materials science, engineering, and manufacturing experts from industry, academia, and government agencies. The 3-day workshop explored education and workforce trends across the nation and the globe, with particular focus on the U.S. Department of Defense and university-government collaborations. Participants discussed how the COVID-19 pandemic has affected science and engineering education, opportunities to reimagine traditional education for the field, and the imperative to develop a more diverse workforce. Several speakers presented their views on what the post-pandemic future may hold, and many offered perspectives on key concerns and priorities for the field moving forward. This publication summarizes the presentations and discussion of the workshop. ER - TY - BOOK AU - National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine A2 - Lisa Bain A2 - Chanel Matney A2 - Clare Stroud TI - Novel Molecular Targets for Mood Disorders and Psychosis: Proceedings of a Workshop SN - DO - 10.17226/26218 PY - 2021 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/26218/novel-molecular-targets-for-mood-disorders-and-psychosis-proceedings-of PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Health and Medicine AB - Mood disorders - including depression and bipolar disorder - are common, disabling, and potentially lethal disorders, characterized by a shortened lifespan from comorbid medical illness and rising suicide rates. Medications for these conditions have been shown to be insufficiently effective in the majority of people who take them, and there remains a tremendous unmet medical need. Recent advances towards understanding the mechanisms of action for psychiatric medicines have led to the identification of potential novel molecular targets and agents for treating mood disorders. While these promising avenues for further investigation have re-energized scientific research in this area, many open questions remain. In response to this interest, the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine's Forum on Neuroscience and Nervous System Disorders convened a workshop in March 2021, Novel Molecular Targets for Mood Disorders and Psychosis. The goal of this workshop was to explore the landscape of novel pharmacologic treatments for psychiatric disorders, review the challenges and opportunities that have been highlighted by the development of recently approved drugs, and reflect on how to apply those lessons learned towards current and future efforts to identify and validate additional novel molecular targets. With a grounding in the personal experiences of patients living with depression and schizophrenia, workshop participants discussed the scientific, clinical, technological, regulatory, and ethical considerations of this topic. Examples of drug classes discussed in the workshop include antagonists for NMDA (N-methyl-D-aspartate) receptors and GABA (gamma-aminobutyric acid) receptors, as well as modulators for muscarinic and serotonergic receptors. This publication summarizes the presentations and discussions from the workshop. ER - TY - BOOK AU - National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine A2 - Linda Casola TI - Adapting to Shorter Time Cycles in the United States Air Force: Proceedings of a Workshop Series SN - DO - 10.17226/26148 PY - 2021 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/26148/adapting-to-shorter-time-cycles-in-the-united-states-air-force PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Conflict and Security Issues AB - The Air Force Studies Board of the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine hosted a three-part workshop series to investigate the changing paradigm of time and knowledge in modern-day warfare. Sponsored by the U.S. Department of Defense, three 2-day workshops were held virtually on September 16-17, 2020, September 23-24, 2020, and October 1-2, 2020. The objective of the first workshop was to explore the ways in which the U.S. Air Force (USAF) has adjusted its capabilities in response to past shifts in operational timing. In consideration of these past shifts, the second workshop aimed to consider when there could be an advantage to synchronize or desynchronize rates of change with adversaries. Participants had the opportunity to discuss lessons learned and possible changes for USAF Doctrine and future operations. The goal of the third workshop was to examine the implications to doctrine, concepts of operations, and command and control from the recent acceleration of battlespace operations, arising from wide-scale digitization, large-scale sensing, and faster technologies. In all three workshops, speakers explored the broader issues surrounding changing environments, and participants discussed ways to adapt to fundamental changes in the time constants of conflict. This proceedings is a factual summary of what occurred during the workshop series. ER - TY - BOOK AU - National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine A2 - Linda Casola TI - Digital Strategy for the Department of the Air Force: Proceedings of a Workshop Series SN - DO - 10.17226/26531 PY - 2022 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/26531/digital-strategy-for-the-department-of-the-air-force-proceedings PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Conflict and Security Issues KW - Computers and Information Technology AB - The Air Force Studies Board of the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine hosted a three-part workshop series to examine the risks associated with the technical, programmatic, organizational, and governance challenges facing the Department of the Air Force (DAF) in its pursuit of enterprise-wide digital transformation strategies. Senior representatives from government, military, industry, and academia considered the DAF's strategic-level decision-making process as well as how it could achieve unity of effort across all of its digital agencies. Workshop participants discussed organizational and management gaps and weaknesses, as well as technical shortfalls associated with the DAF's digital transformation strategies - for example, the issue of cybersecurity within the context of the DAF's proposed digital strategies. Organizational and management practices from both the public and private sectors were also discussed in light of their potential for adaptation and adoption within the DAF. Sponsored by the U.S. Department of Defense, the three 2-day workshops of the series were held virtually on September 1-2, 2021, September 8-9, 2021, and September 23-24. Panelists at the first workshop explained and discussed the DAF's digital transformation strategy - in particular, the proposed digital architectures and the systems, programs, organizations, and missions to be supported. The second workshop featured panels of information systems experts and managers from industry and other government agencies who discussed their experiences with digital transformations and shared their views of best practices. The third workshop focused on the potential applicability of these lessons learned to the DAF's digital transformation strategy and architecture. This proceedings is a factual summary of what occurred during the workshop series. ER - TY - BOOK AU - National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine A2 - Joe Alper A2 - Alexandra Andrada A2 - Andrew Bremer A2 - Marilee Shelton-Davenport TI - The Interplay Between Environmental Exposures and Mental Health Outcomes: Proceedings of a Workshop—in Brief DO - 10.17226/26201 PY - 2021 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/26201/the-interplay-between-environmental-exposures-and-mental-health-outcomes-proceedings PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Environment and Environmental Studies KW - Health and Medicine AB - Mounting evidence shows that the environment can play an important role in mental health, yet comparatively few studies have focused on the mental or behavioral health outcomes of environmental stressors. The Interplay Between Environmental Exposures and Mental Health Outcomes, a virtual workshop held on February 2-3, 2021, provided mental health and environmental health research experts from government, academia, and the private sector with the opportunity to explore emerging research on the relationships between environmental exposures and mental health. Workshop presentations covered a broad array of the diverse makeup of environmental exposures, including those that are chemical, biological, or physical, and either natural or human-made in origin. Furthermore, while the historical definition of an environmental exposure refers to a contact that causes a negative health effect, some presenters highlighted how a person's environment can lead to positive mental health outcomes. Workshop participants also discussed approaches to better integrate mental and behavioral health into multidisciplinary considerations of environmental health; considered how mental and behavioral health impacts could become part of environmental risk assessments and public health choices; and highlighted new tools and technologies to assess ways in which the environment can affect mental health. This Proceedings of a Workshop-in Brief provides the rapporteurs' high-level summary of the topics addressed in the workshop and suggestions provided by workshop participants for ways of integrating mental and behavioral health research and environmental research. ER - TY - BOOK AU - National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine A2 - Alice Vorosmarti A2 - Joe Alper TI - The Role of Advanced Computation, Predictive Technologies, and Big Data Analytics in Food and Nutrition Research: Proceedings of a Workshop SN - DO - 10.17226/27478 PY - 2024 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/27478/the-role-of-advanced-computation-predictive-technologies-and-big-data-analytics-in-food-and-nutrition-research PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Food and Nutrition KW - Computers and Information Technology AB - Artificial intelligence (AI), machine learning (ML), and deep learning (DL) are promising tools that can be used to develop algorithms to better understand and predict interactions between food- and nutrition-related data and health outcomes. Understanding that additional research is needed to identify areas where AI/ML is likely to have an impact, the National Academies Food and Nutrition Board hosted a public workshop in October 2023 to explore the future benefits and limitations of integrating big data and AI/ML tools into nutrition research. Participants also discussed issues related to diversity, equity, inclusion, bias, and privacy and the appropriate use of evidence generated from these new methods. ER -