@BOOK{NAP title = "Effects of Double-Hull Requirements on Oil Spill Prevention: Interim Report", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/9131/effects-of-double-hull-requirements-on-oil-spill-prevention-interim", year = 1996, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "National Research Council", editor = "Rutherford H. Platt", title = "To Burn or Not to Burn: Summary of the Forum on Urban/Wildland Fire, January 26, 2001, Washington, DC", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/10173/to-burn-or-not-to-burn-summary-of-the-forum", year = 2001, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "Transportation Research Board", title = "The Marine Transportation System and the Federal Role: Measuring Performance, Targeting Improvement -- Special Report 279", abstract = "TRB Special Report 279 - The Marine Transportation System and the Federal Role: Measuring Performance, Targeting Improvement calls upon the U.S. Department of Transportation (DOT) to take the lead in assessing the performance of and improving the nation's entire marine transportation system. In particular, the report recommends that the DOT should begin immediately to develop reports on the condition, performance, and use of the marine transportation system and seek a mandate from Congress to produce such reports on a regular basis, as it already does for the nation's highway and transit systems.", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/10890/the-marine-transportation-system-and-the-federal-role-measuring-performance", year = 2004, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine", editor = "Anne Frances Johnson and Ellen Mantus", title = "Closing the Loop on the Plastics Dilemma: Proceedings of a Workshop–in Brief", abstract = "Plastics are used in various industries to produce lightweight, corrosion-resistant, durable materials, but many of the characteristics that make them valuable also make them environmentally unfriendly. Although some plastics can be recycled, the vast majority are simply discarded. The rapid proliferation of plastics in the environment has led to an urgent need to reimagine how plastics are created, used, and managed. The workshop Closing the Loop on the Plastics Dilemma, held in Washington, DC, on May 9-10, 2019, provided a venue for discussing opportunities to reduce the adverse environmental effects of plastics. Chemists, chemical engineers, and participants in related fields engaged in a rich discussion of approaches to improve plastics recycling and to promote the connection of product design with the end stages of the plastics life cycle. This brief proceedings summarizes the presentations and discussions that took place during the workshop.", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/25647/closing-the-loop-on-the-plastics-dilemma-proceedings-of-a", year = 2020, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "Transportation Research Board and National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine", editor = "Mary Stroup-Gardiner and Tanya Wattenberg-Komas", title = "Recycled Materials and Byproducts in Highway Applications—Mineral and Quarry Byproducts, Volume 4", abstract = "TRB\u2019s National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Synthesis 435: Recycled Materials and Byproducts in Highway Applications\u2014Mineral and Quarry Byproducts, Volume 4 summarizes the results of a project that describes the experiences of transportation agencies in determining the relevant properties of mineral and quarry byproducts and the beneficial use for highway applications.NCHRP Synthesis 435 is presented in eight volumes and is designed to help serve as a guide to states revising the provisions of their materials specifications to incorporate the use of recycled materials and industrial byproducts.Volume 1 is available in print and electronic versions. Volumes 2 to 8 are in electronic format only. The eight volumes are:Volume 1 Recycled Materials and Byproducts in Highway Applications\u2014Summary ReportVolume 2 Coal Combustion ByproductsVolume 3 Non-Coal Combustion ByproductsVolume 4 Mineral and Quarry ByproductsVolume 5 Slag ByproductsVolume 6 Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement, Recycled Concrete Aggregate, and Construction Demolition WasteVolume 7 Scrap Tire ByproductsVolume 8 Manufacturing and Construction ByproductsA NCHRP Synthesis 435 website with links to all 8 volumes is available. ", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/22549/recycled-materials-and-byproducts-in-highway-applications-mineral-and-quarry-byproducts-volume-4", year = 2013, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "National Research Council", title = "Climate Intervention: Carbon Dioxide Removal and Reliable Sequestration", isbn = "978-0-309-30529-7", abstract = "The signals are everywhere that our planet is experiencing significant climate change. It is clear that we need to reduce the emissions of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases from our atmosphere if we want to avoid greatly increased risk of damage from climate change. Aggressively pursuing a program of emissions abatement or mitigation will show results over a timescale of many decades. How do we actively remove carbon dioxide from the atmosphere to make a bigger difference more quickly?\nAs one of a two-book report, this volume of Climate Intervention discusses CDR, the carbon dioxide removal of greenhouse gas emissions from the atmosphere and sequestration of it in perpetuity. Climate Intervention: Carbon Dioxide Removal and Reliable Sequestration introduces possible CDR approaches and then discusses them in depth. Land management practices, such as low-till agriculture, reforestation and afforestation, ocean iron fertilization, and land-and-ocean-based accelerated weathering, could amplify the rates of processes that are already occurring as part of the natural carbon cycle. Other CDR approaches, such as bioenergy with carbon capture and sequestration, direct air capture and sequestration, and traditional carbon capture and sequestration, seek to capture CO2 from the atmosphere and dispose of it by pumping it underground at high pressure. This book looks at the pros and cons of these options and estimates possible rates of removal and total amounts that might be removed via these methods.\nWith whatever portfolio of technologies the transition is achieved, eliminating the carbon dioxide emissions from the global energy and transportation systems will pose an enormous technical, economic, and social challenge that will likely take decades of concerted effort to achieve. Climate Intervention: Carbon Dioxide Removal and Reliable Sequestration will help to better understand the potential cost and performance of CDR strategies to inform debate and decision making as we work to stabilize and reduce atmospheric concentrations of carbon dioxide.", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/18805/climate-intervention-carbon-dioxide-removal-and-reliable-sequestration", year = 2015, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "Transportation Research Board and National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine", title = "Highway Deicing: Comparing Salt and Calcium Magnesium Acetate: Comparing Salt and Calcium Magnesium Acetate -- Special Report 235", abstract = "TRB Special Report 235 - Highway Deicing: Comparing Salt and Calcium Magnisium Acetrate examines the total cost of salt and calcium magnesium acetate (CMA), including the indirect cost of application and indirect costs to the environment, infrastructure, and motor vehicles.Much of the report focuses on defining the true cost of salt, which is the most popular deicer and the standard of comparison for most other deicing products. The report examines salt's effects on motor vehicles and infrastructure, the environment, and drinking water. National costs are estimated for some effects, though not all, because of insufficient information, especially for environmental and drinking water effects. The report also summarizes what is known about CMA, including its field performance, environmental effects, compatibility with automotive and highway materials, production technologies, and market price.After reviewing the evidence, the committee that produced the report concluded that the widespread use of CMA as a general replacement for salt is unlikely and unwarranted. The committee did not rule out the use of CMA on a more selective basis--such as on corrosion-prone bridges and in environmentally sensitive areas--but the cost-effectiveness of such uses can only be determined on a case-by-case basis. The report concludes with a discussion of the important cost and use issues that must be addressed by highway agencies during consideration of CMA for deicing. ", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/11405/highway-deicing-comparing-salt-and-calcium-magnesium-acetate-comparing-salt", year = 1991, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "Transportation Research Board and National Research Council", title = "Driving and the Built Environment: The Effects of Compact Development on Motorized Travel, Energy Use, and CO2 Emissions -- Special Report 298", abstract = "TRB Special Report 298: Driving and the Built Environment: Effects of Compact Development on Motorized Travel, Energy Use, and CO2 Emissions examines the relationship between land development patterns and vehicle miles traveled (VMT) in the United States to assess whether petroleum use, and by extension greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, could be reduced by changes in the design of development patterns. The report estimates the contributions that changes in residential and mixed-use development patterns and transit investments could make in reducing VMT by 2030 and 2050, and the impact this could have in meeting future transportation-related GHG reduction goals.\n", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/12747/driving-and-the-built-environment-the-effects-of-compact-development", year = 2009, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "National Research Council", title = "Novel Approaches to Carbon Management: Separation, Capture, Sequestration, and Conversion to Useful Products: Workshop Report", isbn = "978-0-309-08937-1", abstract = "The National Research Council's (NRC's) Committee on Novel Approaches to the Management of Greenhouse Gases from Energy Systems held a workshop at the Arnold and Mabel Beckman Center in Irvine, California, on February 12-14, 2003, to identify promising lines of research that could lead to currently unforeseen breakthroughs in the management of carbon from energy systems. The information identified by participants in the workshop will be used by the U.S. Department of Energy's (DOE's) Office of Fossil Energy (FE) to award grants for new research in carbon management. \n\nDuring the workshop, invited participants from a variety of disciplines contributed their expertise and creativity to addressing the problem of carbon management. The ideas developed during the workshop were synthesized into this report by the committee, which oversaw the organization and execution of the workshop. However, this workshop summary does not contain any committee conclusions or recommendations, but simply reports on research areas that were identified as promising during the workshop discussions. The purpose of the workshop, as noted, was to identify novel approaches to the management of carbon from energy systems. \n\nThe workshop is part of a project conducted by the NRC for DOE's Office of Fossil Energy (DOE\/FE). DOE\/FE will consider the workshop report as it develops a solicitation to be issued in spring 2003. The solicitation will call for research proposals on enabling science and technology research on novel approaches for the management of carbon from energy systems. \n\nChapters 2 through 6 of this report summarize the most promising new ideas on carbon management identified by each of the four subgroups at the workshop. In the respective chapters, the ideas are described, their significance is explained, and research opportunities are listed. Each chapter includes a statement of the scientific and engineering challenges related to its topic. Chapter 6 includes crosscutting issues not specific to one of the four subgroups. The chapters themselves do not include detailed analysis regarding feasibility, energy and mass balance, and so forth, as the workshop's time and scope did not permit this; it is assumed such analyses will be carried out in the research proposals that DOE funds.\n ", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/10699/novel-approaches-to-carbon-management-separation-capture-sequestration-and-conversion", year = 2003, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "National Research Council", title = "Biological Productivity of Renewable Resources Used as Industrial Materials", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/18425/biological-productivity-of-renewable-resources-used-as-industrial-materials", year = 1976, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP title = "Vessel Navigation and Traffic Services for Safe and Efficient Ports and Waterways: Interim Report", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/9262/vessel-navigation-and-traffic-services-for-safe-and-efficient-ports-and-waterways", year = 1996, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "National Research Council", title = "Asbestiform Fibers: Nonoccupational Health Risks", isbn = "978-0-309-07852-8", abstract = "Much of the more than 30 million tons of asbestos used in the United States since 1900 is still present as insulation in offices and schools, as vinyl-asbestos flooring in homes, and in other common products. This volume presents a comprehensive evaluation of the relation of these fibers to specific diseases and the extent of nonoccupational risks associated with them. It covers sources of asbestiform fibers, properties of the fibers, and carcinogenic and fibrogenic risks they pose.", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/509/asbestiform-fibers-nonoccupational-health-risks", year = 1984, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "National Research Council", title = "Coal: Research and Development to Support National Energy Policy", isbn = "978-0-309-11022-8", abstract = "Coal will continue to provide a major portion of energy requirements in the United States for at least the next several decades. It is imperative that accurate information describing the amount, location, and quality of the coal resources and reserves be available to fulfill energy needs. It is also important that the United States extract its coal resources efficiently, safely, and in an environmentally responsible manner. A renewed focus on federal support for coal-related research, coordinated across agencies and with the active participation of the states and industrial sector, is a critical element for each of these requirements.\n\nCoal focuses on the research and development needs and priorities in the areas of coal resource and reserve assessments, coal mining and processing, transportation of coal and coal products, and coal utilization.", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/11977/coal-research-and-development-to-support-national-energy-policy", year = 2007, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "Transportation Research Board and National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine", title = "Funding and Managing the U.S. Inland Waterways System: What Policy Makers Need to Know: What Policy Makers Need to Know", abstract = "TRB Special Report 315: Funding and Managing the U.S. Inland Waterways System: What Policy Makers Need to Know explores the role and importance of the federally funded inland waterways system, priorities for future investment, its beneficiaries, and sources of funding.In recent years, the inland waterways system has transported six to seven percent of all domestic ton-miles of cargo. The system is a small but important component of the national freight system, particularly for bulk commodities. The study committee finds that, in order to ensure efficient use of limited navigation resources, the most critical need for the inland waterways system is a sustainable and well-executed plan for maintaining system reliability and performance. Reliability and performance will depend on placing higher priority on investments in operations and maintenance (O&M). Without a funding strategy that prioritizes system preservation, maintenance may continue to be deferred, which would result in further deterioration and in a less cost effective and less reliable system.The committee finds that more reliance on a \u201cuser-pays\u201d funding strategy for the commercial navigation system is feasible, would generate new revenues for maintenance, and would promote economic efficiency.The committee suggests that an asset management program focused on economic efficiency, fully implemented and linked to the budgeting process, would help prioritize maintenance spending and ascertain the funding levels required for reliable freight service.View the TRB Special Report 315 webcast.View the press release.", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/21763/funding-and-managing-the-us-inland-waterways-system-what-policy-makers-need-to-know", year = 2015, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "National Academy of Engineering and National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine", title = "Environmental Engineering for the 21st Century: Addressing Grand Challenges", isbn = "978-0-309-47655-3", abstract = "Environmental engineers support the well-being of people and the planet in areas where the two intersect. Over the decades the field has improved countless lives through innovative systems for delivering water, treating waste, and preventing and remediating pollution in air, water, and soil. These achievements are a testament to the multidisciplinary, pragmatic, systems-oriented approach that characterizes environmental engineering.\nEnvironmental Engineering for the 21st Century: Addressing Grand Challenges outlines the crucial role for environmental engineers in this period of dramatic growth and change. The report identifies five pressing challenges of the 21st century that environmental engineers are uniquely poised to help advance: sustainably supply food, water, and energy; curb climate change and adapt to its impacts; design a future without pollution and waste; create efficient, healthy, resilient cities; and foster informed decisions and actions.", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/25121/environmental-engineering-for-the-21st-century-addressing-grand-challenges", year = 2019, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "Transportation Research Board", title = "Cooperative Research for Hazardous Materials Transportation: Defining the Need, Converging on Solutions -- Special Report 283", abstract = "TRB Special Report 283: Cooperative Research for Hazardous Materials Transportation: Defining the Need, Converging on Solutions examines the feasibility of a research program to find ways to ensure the safe transport of hazardous materials. The report outlines how industry, state and local governments, and federal agencies could develop a cooperative program that would fill gaps in current research programs, and examines possible sources of funding.", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/11198/cooperative-research-for-hazardous-materials-transportation-defining-the-need-converging", year = 2005, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "Transportation Research Board and National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine", title = "Renewing the National Commitment to the Interstate Highway System: A Foundation for the Future", abstract = "TRB Special Report 329: Renewing the National Commitment to the Interstate Highway System: A Foundation for the Future explores pending and future federal investment and policy decisions concerning the federal Interstate Highway System. Congress asked the committee to make recommendations on the \u201cfeatures, standards, capacity needs, application of technologies, and intergovernmental roles to upgrade the Interstate System\u201d and to advise on any changes in law and resources required to further the recommended actions. The report of the study committee suggests a path forward to meet the growing and shifting demands of the 21st century.The prospect of an aging and worn Interstate System that operates unreliably is concerning in the face of a vehicle fleet that continues to transform as the 21st century progresses and the vulnerabilities due to climate change place new demands on the country\u2019s transportation infrastructure. Recent combined state and federal capital spending on the Interstates has been about $20\u2013$25 billion per year. The estimates in this study suggest this level of spending is too low and that $45\u2013$70 billion annually over the next 20 years will be needed to undertake the long-deferred rebuilding of pavements and bridges and to accommodate and manage growing user demand. This estimated investment is incomplete because it omits the spending that will be required to meet other challenges such as boosting the system\u2019s resilience and expanding its geographic coverage.The committee recommends that Congress legislate an Interstate Highway System Renewal and Modernization Program (RAMP). This program should focus on reconstructing deteriorated pavements, including their foundations, and bridge infrastructure; adding physical capacity and operations and demand management capabilities where needed; and increasing the system\u2019s resilience. The report explores ways to pay for this program, including lifting the ban on tolling of existing general-purpose Interstate highways and increasing the federal fuel tax to a level commensurate with the federal share of the required RAMP investment.View the videos, recorded webcast, graphics, summary booklet, press release, and highlights page at interstate.trb.org. ", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/25334/renewing-the-national-commitment-to-the-interstate-highway-system-a-foundation-for-the-future", year = 2019, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "Transportation Research Board and National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine", title = "Forecasting Statewide Freight Toolkit", abstract = "TRB's National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Report 606: Forecasting Statewide Freight Toolkit explores an analytical framework for forecasting freight movements at the state level.", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/14133/forecasting-statewide-freight-toolkit", year = 2008, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "National Research Council", title = "Final Report from the NRC Committee on the Review of the Louisiana Coastal Protection and Restoration (LACPR) Program", isbn = "978-0-309-14103-1", abstract = "The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers released the Louisiana Coastal Protection and Restoration (LACPR) draft final technical report in March, 2009. In response to federal legislation, the Corps had to analyze hurricane protection, and design and present a full range of measures to protect against a storm equivalent to a category 5 hurricane. The request included measures for flood control, coastal restoration, and hurricane protection, and stipulated close coordination with the State of Louisiana and its appropriate agencies. \n\nThis is the second and final report from the National Research Council (NRC) Committee on the Review of the Louisiana Coastal Protection and Restoration (LACPR) Program. The committee was charged to review two draft reports from the LACPR team and to assess the hurricane risk reduction framework, alternatives for flood control, storm protection, coastal restoration, and risk analysis. This report presents this committee's review and advice for improvements of the LACPR March 2009 draft final technical report.\n ", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/12708/final-report-from-the-nrc-committee-on-the-review-of-the-louisiana-coastal-protection-and-restoration-lacpr-program", year = 2009, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "Transportation Research Board and National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine", editor = "Mary Stroup-Gardiner and Tanya Wattenberg-Komas", title = "Recycled Materials and Byproducts in Highway Applications—Slag Byproducts, Volume 5", abstract = "TRB\u2019s National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Synthesis 435: Recycled Materials and Byproducts in Highway Applications\u2014Slag Byproducts, Volume 5 summarizes the results of a project that describes the experiences of transportation agencies in determining the relevant properties of slag byproducts and the beneficial use for highway applications.NCHRP Synthesis 435 is presented in eight volumes and is designed to help serve as a guide to states revising the provisions of their materials specifications to incorporate the use of recycled materials and industrial byproducts.Volume 1 is available in print and electronic versions. Volumes 2 to 8 are in electronic format only. The eight volumes are:Volume 1 Recycled Materials and Byproducts in Highway Applications\u2014Summary ReportVolume 2 Coal Combustion ByproductsVolume 3 Non-Coal Combustion ByproductsVolume 4 Mineral and Quarry ByproductsVolume 5 Slag ByproductsVolume 6 Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement, Recycled Concrete Aggregate, and Construction Demolition WasteVolume 7 Scrap Tire ByproductsVolume 8 Manufacturing and Construction ByproductsA NCHRP Synthesis 435 website with links to all 8 volumes is available. ", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/22548/recycled-materials-and-byproducts-in-highway-applications-slag-byproducts-volume-5", year = 2013, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" }