%0 Book %A Institute of Medicine %E Suitor, Carol West %T Planning a WIC Research Agenda: Workshop Summary %@ 978-0-309-16179-4 %D 2011 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/13014/planning-a-wic-research-agenda-workshop-summary %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/13014/planning-a-wic-research-agenda-workshop-summary %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Food and Nutrition %P 176 %X The time has come to initiate a new program of research on the Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (commonly referred to as WIC). WIC is the third largest food assistance program administered by the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA). The program's scope is large, serving approximately 9.3 million low-income women, infants, and children at nutritional risk. Through federal grants to states, participants receive three types of benefits: 1) a supplemental food package tailored to specific age groups for infants and children; 2) nutrition education, including breastfeeding support; and 3) referrals to health services and social services. To cover program costs for fiscal year (FY) 2010, Congress appropriated $7.252 billion. Congress also appropriated $15 million for research related to the program for FY 2010. The timing of the funding for WIC research is propitious. In October 2009, USDA issued regulations that made substantial revisions to the WIC food package. These revisions are the first major change in the food package since the program's inception in 1972. Over the intervening years WIC has expanded greatly, Medicaid coverage has increased, large changes have occurred in the racial and ethnic backgrounds and socioeconomic status of WIC participants as well as in public health services, and obesity rates have increased substantially among the general population. To guide its planning for the use of the $15 million allocated for WIC research, the Food and Nutrition Service of USDA asked the Institute of Medicine to conduct a two-day public workshop on emerging research needs for WIC. As requested, the workshop included presentations and discussions to illuminate issues related to future WIC research issues, methodological challenges, and solutions. The workshop also planned for a program of research to determine the effects of WIC on maternal and child health outcomes. %0 Book %A National Research Council %E Leibowitz, Arleen %E Pollack, Earl S. %T Data Needs for the State Children's Health Insurance Program %@ 978-0-309-08463-5 %D 2002 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/10416/data-needs-for-the-state-childrens-health-insurance-program %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/10416/data-needs-for-the-state-childrens-health-insurance-program %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Health and Medicine %K Behavioral and Social Sciences %K Surveys and Statistics %P 72 %X The State Children's Health Insurance Program (SCHIP) was established by Congress to provide health insurance to uninsured children whose family income was too high for Medicaid coverage but too low to allow the family to obtain private health insurance coverage. The enabling legislation for SCHIP, included in the Balanced Budget Act of 1997, made available to states (and the District of Columbia) almost $40 billion over a 10-year period for this program. Like Medicaid, SCHIP is a joint federal-state program, with funding from both sources, but it is implemented by the states. Thus, there are SCHIP programs in all of the states and the District of Columbia. The National Research Council, through the Committee on National Statistics, was asked to explore some of the ways in which data analysis could be used to promote achievement of the SCHIP goal of expanding health insurance coverage for uninsured children from low-income families. To inform its work, the panel for this project held a workshop to bring together state SCHIP officials and researchers to share findings and methods that would inform the design, implementation, and evaluation of SCHIP at the state and national levels. In keeping with this charge, this report is limited to discussions at the workshop. It does not attempt to provide a summary of all the state programs nor a comprehensive review of the literature. Data Needs for the State Children's Health Insurance Program concludes that data are insufficient in the individual states to provide a clear picture of the impact of SCHIP on the number of children who are eligible for the program, the rate at which eligible children are enrolled in the program, and the rate at which they are retained in the program once enrolled. This situation is due, in part, to the fact that sample sizes in national surveys are too small to provide detailed data for individual states. In addition, the great amount of movement of children among health insurance categories—Medicaid, SCHIP, private insurance, or no insurance at all—makes it difficult for states to count the number of children in specific categories at a particular point in time. The panel specifies a number of practices that could be implemented to improve the overall functioning of SCHIP and the ability of policy makers to evaluate the program. Foremost among these are: (1) developing more uniform ways of estimating eligibility and health insurance coverage among the states; (2) sharing among the states effective methods for outreach; (3) taking qualitative information into account, in addition to quantitative information, in assessing variation among states in enrollment and disenrollment; and (4) implementing longitudinal studies to track the movement of children among the various insurance statuses. %0 Book %A National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine %E Teutsch, Steven M. %E McCoy, Margaret A. %E Woodbury, R. Brian %E Welp, Annalyn %T Making Eye Health a Population Health Imperative: Vision for Tomorrow %@ 978-0-309-43998-5 %D 2016 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/23471/making-eye-health-a-population-health-imperative-vision-for-tomorrow %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/23471/making-eye-health-a-population-health-imperative-vision-for-tomorrow %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Health and Medicine %P 586 %X The ability to see deeply affects how human beings perceive and interpret the world around them. For most people, eyesight is part of everyday communication, social activities, educational and professional pursuits, the care of others, and the maintenance of personal health, independence, and mobility. Functioning eyes and vision system can reduce an adult's risk of chronic health conditions, death, falls and injuries, social isolation, depression, and other psychological problems. In children, properly maintained eye and vision health contributes to a child's social development, academic achievement, and better health across the lifespan. The public generally recognizes its reliance on sight and fears its loss, but emphasis on eye and vision health, in general, has not been integrated into daily life to the same extent as other health promotion activities, such as teeth brushing; hand washing; physical and mental exercise; and various injury prevention behaviors. A larger population health approach is needed to engage a wide range of stakeholders in coordinated efforts that can sustain the scope of behavior change. The shaping of socioeconomic environments can eventually lead to new social norms that promote eye and vision health. Making Eye Health a Population Health Imperative: Vision for Tomorrow proposes a new population-centered framework to guide action and coordination among various, and sometimes competing, stakeholders in pursuit of improved eye and vision health and health equity in the United States. Building on the momentum of previous public health efforts, this report also introduces a model for action that highlights different levels of prevention activities across a range of stakeholders and provides specific examples of how population health strategies can be translated into cohesive areas for action at federal, state, and local levels. %0 Book %A Institute of Medicine %E Ruiz, Monica S. %E Gable, Alicia R. %E Kaplan, Edward H. %E Stoto, Michael A. %E Fineberg, Harvey V. %E Trussell, James %T No Time to Lose: Getting More from HIV Prevention %@ 978-0-309-07137-6 %D 2001 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/9964/no-time-to-lose-getting-more-from-hiv-prevention %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/9964/no-time-to-lose-getting-more-from-hiv-prevention %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Health and Medicine %P 253 %X The United States has spent two productive decades implementing a variety of prevention programs. While these efforts have slowed the rate of infection, challenges remain. The United States must refocus its efforts to contain the spread of HIV and AIDS in a way that would prevent as many new HIV infections as possible. No Time to Lose presents the Institute of Medicine’s framework for a national prevention strategy. %0 Book %A Institute of Medicine %T Calling the Shots: Immunization Finance Policies and Practices %@ 978-0-309-07029-4 %D 2000 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/9836/calling-the-shots-immunization-finance-policies-and-practices %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/9836/calling-the-shots-immunization-finance-policies-and-practices %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Health and Medicine %P 328 %X Calling the Shots examines the basic strategies that finance the national immunization system in the current health care climate. It is a comprehensive volume, rich with data and highlighted examples, that explores: The evolution of the system in light of changing U.S. demographics, development of new vaccines, and other factors. The effectiveness of public health and health insurance strategies, with special emphasis on the performance of the "Section 317" program. The condition of the infrastructure for control and prevention of infectious disease, surveillance of vaccines rates and safety, and efforts to sustain high coverage. Calling the Shots will be an indispensable resource to those responsible for maintaining our nation's vaccine vigilance. %0 Book %A Institute of Medicine %E Gerstein, Dean R. %E Harwood, Henrick J. %T Treating Drug Problems: Volume 1 %@ 978-0-309-04285-7 %D 1990 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/1551/treating-drug-problems-volume-1 %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/1551/treating-drug-problems-volume-1 %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Health and Medicine %P 356 %X The large federal role in the drug treatment system was substantially reduced in the early 1980s, undercutting its ability to help communities respond to new challenges such as the crack-cocaine epidemic and the growing violence in drug markets. How can drug treatment dollars be spent most equitably with the highest likelihood of beneficial results? With this basic question as its focus, Treating Drug Problems, Volume 1 provides specific recommendations on how to organize and fund the drug treatment system. Detailed attention is given to both public and private sources and their programs. The book presents the latest data and analysis on these topics and more: How specific approaches to drug treatment fit into drug policy, including the different perspectives of the medical and criminal-justice communities. What is known about drug consumption behavior and what treatment approaches have proven most cost-beneficial. What areas need further research—including specifications for increased study of treatment effectiveness and drug use by adolescents and young women. %0 Book %A National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine %E Boman, Allie %T Reproductive Health, Equity, and Society: Exploring Data Challenges and Needs in the Wake of the Dobbs v. Jackson Women's Health Organization Decision: Proceedings of a Workshop–in Brief %D 2024 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/27523/reproductive-health-equity-and-society-exploring-data-challenges-and-needs %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/27523/reproductive-health-equity-and-society-exploring-data-challenges-and-needs %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Health and Medicine %K Behavioral and Social Sciences %P 10 %X In the 2022 Dobbs v. Jackson Womens Health Organization decision, the U.S. Supreme Court removed the constitutional right to abortion by overturning Roe v. Wade, challenging and restricting the access and quality of Americans reproductive health care. In October 2023, the National Academies hosted a hybrid public workshop discussing new partnerships and methodologies in data generation, data integrity, data-sharing, and patient privacy needed to enable the health care and policymaking communities to understand the effects of resulting policies across the United States. %0 Book %A Institute of Medicine %T Health Insurance is a Family Matter %@ 978-0-309-08518-2 %D 2002 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/10503/health-insurance-is-a-family-matter %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/10503/health-insurance-is-a-family-matter %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Health and Medicine %P 296 %X Health Insurance is a Family Matter is the third of a series of six reports on the problems of uninsurance in the United Sates and addresses the impact on the family of not having health insurance. The book demonstrates that having one or more uninsured members in a family can have adverse consequences for everyone in the household and that the financial, physical, and emotional well—being of all members of a family may be adversely affected if any family member lacks coverage. It concludes with the finding that uninsured children have worse access to and use fewer health care services than children with insurance, including important preventive services that can have beneficial long-term effects. %0 Book %A Institute of Medicine %E Edmunds, Margaret %E Coye, Molly Joel %T America's Children: Health Insurance and Access to Care %@ 978-0-309-06560-3 %D 1998 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/6168/americas-children-health-insurance-and-access-to-care %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/6168/americas-children-health-insurance-and-access-to-care %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Health and Medicine %P 216 %X America's Children is a comprehensive, easy-to-read analysis of the relationship between health insurance and access to care. The book addresses three broad questions: How is children's health care currently financed? Does insurance equal access to care? How should the nation address the health needs of this vulnerable population? America's Children explores the changing role of Medicaid under managed care; state-initiated and private sector children's insurance programs; specific effects of insurance status on the care children receive; and the impact of chronic medical conditions and special health care needs. It also examines the status of "safety net" health providers, including community health centers, children's hospitals, school-based health centers, and others and reviews the changing patterns of coverage and tax policy options to increase coverage of private-sector, employer-based health insurance. In response to growing public concerns about uninsured children, last year Congress voted to provide $24 billion over five years for new state insurance initiatives. This volume will serve as a primer for concerned federal policymakers and regulators, state agency officials, health plan decisionmakers, health care providers, children's health advocates, and researchers. %0 Book %A Transportation Research Board %A National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine %E Garrity, Richard %E McGehee, Kathy %T Impact of the Affordable Care Act on Non-Emergency Medical Transportation (NEMT): Assessment for Transit Agencies %D 2014 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/22268/impact-of-the-affordable-care-act-on-non-emergency-medical-transportation-nemt-assessment-for-transit-agencies %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/22268/impact-of-the-affordable-care-act-on-non-emergency-medical-transportation-nemt-assessment-for-transit-agencies %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Transportation and Infrastructure %P 55 %X TRB’s Transit Cooperative Research Program (TCRP) Research Results Digest 109: Impact of the Affordable Care Act on Non-Emergency Medical Transportation (NEMT): Assessment for Transit Agencies assesses the potential impact of implementing the NEMT provision of the Affordable Care Act on a state-by-state basis. The report also collates information to inform the transit community on how public transit and NEMT providers may integrate or use their respective resources and services. %0 Book %A Institute of Medicine %T On the Archeology of Health Care Policy: Periods and Paradigms, 1975-2000 %D 2001 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/11143/on-the-archeology-of-health-care-policy-periods-and-paradigms %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/11143/on-the-archeology-of-health-care-policy-periods-and-paradigms %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Health and Medicine %K %P 12 %0 Book %A Institute of Medicine %T Providing Universal and Affordable Health Care %D 1989 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/18473/providing-universal-and-affordable-health-care %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/18473/providing-universal-and-affordable-health-care %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Health and Medicine %P 69 %0 Book %A Institute of Medicine %T Equitable Financing of AIDS and Other HIV-related Health Care: Summary of a Meeting %D 1988 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/9926/equitable-financing-of-aids-and-other-hiv-related-health-care %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/9926/equitable-financing-of-aids-and-other-hiv-related-health-care %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Health and Medicine %P 19 %0 Book %A Institute of Medicine %T Preventing Low Birthweight: Summary %@ 978-0-309-03535-4 %D 1985 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/512/preventing-low-birthweight-summary %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/512/preventing-low-birthweight-summary %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Health and Medicine %P 41 %X Written for a broad audience, including program administrators, policymakers, teachers, students, and health care professionals and their patients—anyone with an interest in preventing low birthweight—this summary is a condensation of the full report, Preventing Low Birthweight. It clearly and concisely covers most of the topics discussed in the comprehensive volume. 2-9 copies, $4.00 each; 10 or more copies, $2.50 each (no other discounts apply). %0 Book %A National Research Council %E Plewes, Thomas J. %T Databases for Estimating Health Insurance Coverage for Children: A Workshop Summary %@ 978-0-309-16240-1 %D 2010 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/13024/databases-for-estimating-health-insurance-coverage-for-children-a-workshop %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/13024/databases-for-estimating-health-insurance-coverage-for-children-a-workshop %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Health and Medicine %K Behavioral and Social Sciences %K Surveys and Statistics %P 204 %X This report summarizes the proceedings of a workshop convened in June 2010 to critically examine the various databases that could provide national and state-level estimates of low-income uninsured children and could be effectively used as criteria for monitoring children's health insurance coverage. %0 Book %A National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine %E Wang, Emily A. %E Western, Bruce %E Backes, Emily P. %E Schuck, Julie %T Decarcerating Correctional Facilities during COVID-19: Advancing Health, Equity, and Safety %@ 978-0-309-68357-9 %D 2020 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/25945/decarcerating-correctional-facilities-during-covid-19-advancing-health-equity-and %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/25945/decarcerating-correctional-facilities-during-covid-19-advancing-health-equity-and %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Behavioral and Social Sciences %K Health and Medicine %P 160 %X The conditions and characteristics of correctional facilities - overcrowded with rapid population turnover, often in old and poorly ventilated structures, a spatially concentrated pattern of releases and admissions in low-income communities of color, and a health care system that is siloed from community public health - accelerates transmission of the novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) responsible for COVID-19. Such conditions increase the risk of coming into contact with the virus for incarcerated people, correctional staff, and their families and communities. Relative to the general public, moreover, incarcerated individuals have a higher prevalence of chronic health conditions such as asthma, hypertension, and cardiovascular disease, making them susceptible to complications should they become infected. Indeed, cumulative COVID-19 case rates among incarcerated people and correctional staff have grown steadily higher than case rates in the general population. Decarcerating Correctional Facilities during COVID-19 offers guidance on efforts to decarcerate, or reduce the incarcerated population, as a response to COIVD-19 pandemic. This report examines best practices for implementing decarceration as a response to the pandemic and the conditions that support safe and successful reentry of those decarcerated. %0 Book %A National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine %E Amankwah, Francis %E Balogh, Erin %E Maitin-Shepard, Melissa %E Nass, Sharyl %T The Impact of the Affordable Care Act on Cancer Prevention and Cancer Care: Proceedings of a Workshop %@ 978-0-309-27381-7 %D 2022 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/26400/the-impact-of-the-affordable-care-act-on-cancer-prevention-and-cancer-care %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/26400/the-impact-of-the-affordable-care-act-on-cancer-prevention-and-cancer-care %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Health and Medicine %P 72 %X The National Cancer Policy Forum of the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine convened a virtual workshop in March 2021 to examine the existing evidence base on how the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA) has altered the landscape of cancer prevention and care delivery in the United States. The workshop featured presentations and discussions reviewing the effects of the ACA on people at risk for or living with cancer and providing insight into remaining policy challenges that could inform future efforts to improve and support the delivery of high-quality cancer care across the care continuum. This publication provides a high-level summary of the discussions presented during the workshop. %0 Book %A Institute of Medicine %T HIV Screening and Access to Care: Exploring the Impact of Policies on Access to and Provision of HIV Care %@ 978-0-309-16419-1 %D 2011 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/13057/hiv-screening-and-access-to-care-exploring-the-impact-of %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/13057/hiv-screening-and-access-to-care-exploring-the-impact-of %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Health and Medicine %P 114 %X With the widespread use of highly active anti-retroviral treatment (HAART), HIV has become a chronic, rather than a fatal, disease. But for their treatment to succeed, patients require uninterrupted care from a health care provider and uninterrupted access to anti-HIV medications. The IOM identifies federal, state, and private health insurance policies that inhibit HIV-positive individuals from initiating or continuing their care. %0 Book %A National Research Council %A Institute of Medicine %T Challenges in Adolescent Health Care: Workshop Report %@ 978-0-309-11269-7 %D 2007 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/12031/challenges-in-adolescent-health-care-workshop-report %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/12031/challenges-in-adolescent-health-care-workshop-report %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Health and Medicine %P 90 %X Several positive and negative lifelong behaviors are established during adolescence including diet and exercise, sexual conduct, practices related to oral health, smoking, drinking, and the use if legal and illegal substances. The complex issues that adolescents deal with on a daily basis can turn into health problems that persist throughout adulthood. Unfortunately the adolescents who are frequently the most disconnected from routine health care services - those who lack insurance and family support - are often those at greatest risk for multiple and chronic health problems. Therefore, those that are responsible for delivering health care services to adolescents must address the health conditions that require immediate attention while preparing young people to adopt practices that can help improve their future health status and prevent unhealthy behaviors. Challenges in Adolescent Health Care studies adolescent health care in the United States, highlights critical health care needs, and identifies service models and components of care that may strengthen and improve health care services, settings, and systems for adolescents. The book explores the nature of adolescent challenges and how they reflect larger societal issues such as poverty, crime and the prevalence of violence. These issues, in addition to lack of comprehensive health coverage, dysfunctional families and the lack of support systems, make providing adequate health care incredibly challenging. Challenges in Adolescent Health Care defines high-quality health care, identifies the strengths and weaknesses of various service models and explores various training programs. The book recommends that health care providers must be sensitive to socioeconomic factors and incorporate health care in a broad array of settings including schools, neighborhoods and community centers. %0 Book %A Institute of Medicine %T Public Financing and Delivery of HIV/AIDS Care: Securing the Legacy of Ryan White %@ 978-0-309-09228-9 %D 2005 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/10995/public-financing-and-delivery-of-hivaids-care-securing-the-legacy %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/10995/public-financing-and-delivery-of-hivaids-care-securing-the-legacy %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Health and Medicine %P 374 %X Each year it is estimated that approximately 40,000 people in the U.S. are newly infected with HIV. In the late 1990s, the number of deaths from AIDS dropped 43% as a result of highly active antiretroviral therapy. Unfortunately, the complex system currently in place for financing and delivering publicly financed HIV care undermines the significant advances that have been made in the development of new technologies to treat it. Many HIV patients experience delays in access to other services that would support adhering to treatment. As a result, each year opportunities are missed that could reduce the mortality, morbidity, and disability suffered by individuals with HIV infections. Public Financing and Delivery of HIV/AIDS Care examines the current standard of care for HIV patients and assesses the extent the system currently used for financing and delivering care allows individuals with HIV to actually receive it. The book recommends an expanded federal program for the treatment of individuals with HIV, administered at the state level. This program would provide timely access and consistent benefits with a strong focus on comprehensive and continuous care and access to antiretroviral therapy. It could help improve the quality of life of HIV/AIDS patients, as well as reduce the number of deaths among those infected.