@BOOK{NAP author = "National Academy of Engineering and National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine", editor = "Elizabeth T. Cady and Joe Alper", title = "Promising Practices and Innovative Programs in the Responsible Conduct of Research: Proceedings of a Workshop", isbn = "978-0-309-70517-2", abstract = "The responsible conduct of research (RCR) is foundational to good science and engineering. However, there are several serious detrimental effects of research not conducted ethically and responsibly. Thus, federal legislation mandates that all National Science Foundation (NSF) grant recipients provide adequate training for undergraduate students, graduate students, and postdoctoral researchers about the Responsible Conduct of Research, and the National Institutes of Health (NIH) further specifies that topics such as conflict of interest, mentor\/mentee responsibilities and relationships, collaborative research, and safe laboratory practices should be included in all instruction in RCR.\nTo identify and disseminate information about exemplary RCR education practices and programs, the National Academy of Engineering convened a virtual workshop series October 6, 7, 20, and 21, 2021. This workshop provided a forum for interdisciplinary discussions of effective strategies for building an RCR culture in institutions along with potential improvements and further research in the area. It also highlighted selected exemplar RCR programs for administrators and faculty who are charged with RCR education and compliance at the institutional level. This publication summarizes the presentation and discussion of the workshop.", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/27085/promising-practices-and-innovative-programs-in-the-responsible-conduct-of-research", year = 2023, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine", editor = "Susan C. Scrimshaw and Emily P. Backes", title = "Birth Settings in America: Outcomes, Quality, Access, and Choice", isbn = "978-0-309-66982-5", abstract = "The delivery of high quality and equitable care for both mothers and newborns is complex and requires efforts across many sectors. The United States spends more on childbirth than any other country in the world, yet outcomes are worse than other high-resource countries, and even worse for Black and Native American women. There are a variety of factors that influence childbirth, including social determinants such as income, educational levels, access to care, financing, transportation, structural racism and geographic variability in birth settings. It is important to reevaluate the United States' approach to maternal and newborn care through the lens of these factors across multiple disciplines.\nBirth Settings in America: Outcomes, Quality, Access, and Choice reviews and evaluates maternal and newborn care in the United States, the epidemiology of social and clinical risks in pregnancy and childbirth, birth settings research, and access to and choice of birth settings.", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/25636/birth-settings-in-america-outcomes-quality-access-and-choice", year = 2020, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine", editor = "Norman Haller", title = "Facilities Staffing Requirements for the Veterans Health Administration–Operations and Maintenance of the Physical Plant and Equipment: Proceedings of a Workshop–in Brief", abstract = "On February 5-6, 2019 the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine convened a workshop to discuss current information and future research possibilities that could inform the continued effort to develop a resource planning and staffing methodology guidebook for Veterans Health Administration Facility Management (Engineering) Programs. Discussions focused on the impacts of plant operations and maintenance (O&M) on patient care and outcomes, measuring O&M effectiveness, cost management, regulatory and accreditation requirements impacting plant O&M, O&M staff competencies, and customer-service feedback. This publication summarizes the presentations and discussions from the workshop.", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/25452/facilities-staffing-requirements-for-the-veterans-health-administration-operations-and-maintenance-of-the-physical-plant-and-equipment", year = 2019, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP editor = "Steve Olson and Stephen Merrill", title = "Measuring the Impacts of Federal Investments in Research: A Workshop Summary", isbn = "978-0-309-21748-4", abstract = "The enactment of the America COMPETES Act in 2006 (and its reauthorization in 2010), the increase in research expenditures under the 2009 American Recovery and Reinvestment Act (ARRA), and President Obama's general emphasis on the contribution of science and technology to economic growth have all heightened interest in the role of scientific and engineering research in creating jobs, generating innovative technologies, spawning new industries, improving health, and producing other economic and societal benefits. Along with this interest has come a renewed emphasis on a question that has been asked for decades: Can the impacts and practical benefits of research to society be measured either quantitatively or qualitatively?\nOn April 18-19, 2011, the Board on Science, Technology, and Economic Policy (STEP) and the Committee on Science, Engineering and Public Policy (COSEPUP) of the National Academy of Sciences, the National Academy of Engineering, and the Institute of Medicine, held a workshop to examine this question. The workshop sought to assemble the range of work that has been done in measuring research outcomes and to provide a forum to discuss its method. The workshop was motivated by a 2009 letter from Congressman Rush Holt (D-New Jersey). He asked the National Academies to look into a variety of complex and interconnected issues, such as the short-term and long-term economic and non-economic impact of federal research funding, factors that determine whether federally funded research discoveries result in economic benefits, and quantification of the impacts of research on national security, the environment, health, education, public welfare, and decision making.\nMeasuring the Impacts of Federal Investments in Research provides the key observations and suggestions made by the speakers at the workshop and during the discussions that followed the formal presentations.", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/13208/measuring-the-impacts-of-federal-investments-in-research-a-workshop", year = 2011, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "National Research Council", editor = "Kaye Husbands Fealing and Alexandra S. Beatty and Constance F. Citro", title = "Science of Science and Innovation Policy: Principal Investigators' Conference Summary", isbn = "978-0-309-30270-8", abstract = "The National Science Foundation developed the Science of Science and Innovation Policy program (SciSIP) in 2006 to fund basic and applied research that bears on and can help guide public- and private-sector policy making for science and innovation. By design, SciSIP has engaged researchers from many domains in the development of a community of practice who work together to continually develop frameworks, tools, and datasets for implementing science and innovation policy. Since its inception, the SciSIP program has funded more than 150 researchers and their graduate students. The program also contributed to the initiation of the STAR METRICS (Science and Technology for America's Reinvestment: Measuring the Effect of Research on Innovation, Competitiveness and Science) program, a collaborative effort between the National Science Foundation and the National Institutes of Health. The STAR METRICS program develops tools and mechanisms for measuring federal expenditures on scientific activities, with particular focus on quantifying productivity and employment outcomes.\nScience of Science and Innovation Policy summarizes a public conference convened by the Committee on National Statistics of the National Academy of Sciences\/National Research Council to present research funded by SciSIP and foster intellectual exchange among funded researchers, science, technology, and innovation policy practitioners, and other members of the science community. The conference highlighted advances in the emerging field of the science of science and innovation policy, in particular, models, frameworks, tools, and datasets comprising the evidentiary basis for science and innovation policy. This report focuses on return on investment models; organizational structures that foster accelerated scientific productivity; linkages between commercialized scientific knowledge and job creation; the roles of universities and government in technology transfer and innovation; technology diffusion and economic growth; non-economic impacts of science and innovation expenditures; regional and global networks of knowledge generation and innovation; mechanisms for encouraging creativity and measuring outputs and outcomes from transformative research; and development, manipulation and visualization of data representing scientific activities.", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/18741/science-of-science-and-innovation-policy-principal-investigators-conference-summary", year = 2014, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine", editor = "Payal Martin and Mariana Zindel and Sharyl Nass", title = "Graduate Medical Education Outcomes and Metrics: Proceedings of a Workshop", isbn = "978-0-309-47121-3", abstract = "Graduate medical education (GME) is critical to the career development of individual physicians, to the functioning of many teaching institutions, and to the production of our physician workforce. However, recent reports have called for substantial reform of GME. The current lack of established GME outcome measures limits our ability to assess the impact of individual graduates, the performance of residency programs and teaching institutions, and the collective contribution of GME graduates to the physician workforce. \n\nTo examine the opportunities and challenges in measuring and assessing GME outcomes, the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine held a workshop on October 10\u201311, 2017, in Washington, DC. Workshop participants discussed: meaningful and measurable outcomes of GME; possible metrics that could be used to track these GME outcomes; possible mechanisms for collecting, collating, analyzing, and reporting these data; and further work to accomplish this ambitious goal. This publication summarizes the presentations and discussions from the workshop.", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/25003/graduate-medical-education-outcomes-and-metrics-proceedings-of-a-workshop", year = 2018, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine", editor = "Shiriki Kumanyika and Maria P. Oria", title = "Guiding Principles for Developing Dietary Reference Intakes Based on Chronic Disease", isbn = "978-0-309-46256-3", abstract = "Since 1938 and 1941, nutrient intake recommendations have been issued to the public in Canada and the United States, respectively. Currently defined as the Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs), these values are a set of standards established by consensus committees under the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and used for planning and assessing diets of apparently healthy individuals and groups.\n\nIn 2015, a multidisciplinary working group sponsored by the Canadian and U.S. government DRI steering committees convened to identify key scientific challenges encountered in the use of chronic disease endpoints to establish DRI values. Their report, Options for Basing Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs) on Chronic Disease: Report from a Joint US-\/Canadian-Sponsored Working Group, outlined and proposed ways to address conceptual and methodological challenges related to the work of future DRI Committees. This report assesses the options presented in the previous report and determines guiding principles for including chronic disease endpoints for food substances that will be used by future National Academies committees in establishing DRIs.", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/24828/guiding-principles-for-developing-dietary-reference-intakes-based-on-chronic-disease", year = 2017, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "Institute of Medicine and National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine", editor = "Rachel M. Taylor and Jennifer Christian", title = "The Role of Public-Private Partnerships in Health Systems Strengthening: Workshop Summary", isbn = "978-0-309-38139-0", abstract = "Over the past several decades, the public and private sectors made significant investments in global health, leading to meaningful changes for many of the world's poor. These investments and the resulting progress are often concentrated in vertical health programs, such as child and maternal health, malaria, and HIV, where donors may have a strategic interest. Frequently, partnerships between donors and other stakeholders can coalesce on a specific topical area of expertise and interest. However, to sustain these successes and continue progress, there is a growing recognition of the need to strengthen health systems more broadly and build functional administrative and technical infrastructure that can support health services for all, improve the health of populations, increase the purchasing and earning power of consumers and workers, and advance global security. \n\nIn June 2015, the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine held a workshop on the role of public-private partnerships (PPPs) in health systems strengthening. Participants examined a range of incentives, innovations, and opportunities for relevant sectors and stakeholders in strengthening health systems through partnerships; to explore lessons learned from pervious and ongoing efforts with the goal of illuminating how to improve performance and outcomes going forward; and to discuss measuring the value and outcomes of investments and documenting success in partnerships focused on health systems strengthening. This report summarizes the presentations and discussions from the workshop.\n", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/21861/the-role-of-public-private-partnerships-in-health-systems-strengthening", year = 2016, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "Transportation Research Board and National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine", editor = "Katherine F. Turnbull", title = "Performance Measurement of Transportation Systems: Summary of the Fourth International Conference", abstract = "TRB Conference Proceedings 49: Performance Measurement of Transportation Systems: Summary of the Fourth International Conference is the proceedings of a May 2011 conference.These proceedings follow the conference format, with the plenary sessions and the breakout sessions for each of the five tracks--driving forces for change; performance-based decision making--the bucks start here; data collection and analysis technologies; drivers and applications; and capturing system performance: new measures for difficult-to-measure topics.", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/22535/performance-measurement-of-transportation-systems-summary-of-the-fourth-international-conference", year = 2013, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "Institute of Medicine", title = "Measuring the Impact of Interprofessional Education on Collaborative Practice and Patient Outcomes", isbn = "978-0-309-37282-4", abstract = "Interprofessional teamwork and collaborative practice are emerging as key elements of efficient and productive work in promoting health and treating patients. The vision for these collaborations is one where different health and\/or social professionals share a team identity and work closely together to solve problems and improve delivery of care. Although the value of interprofessional education (IPE) has been embraced around the world - particularly for its impact on learning - many in leadership positions have questioned how IPE affects patent, population, and health system outcomes. This question cannot be fully answered without well-designed studies, and these studies cannot be conducted without an understanding of the methods and measurements needed to conduct such an analysis.\nThis Institute of Medicine report examines ways to measure the impacts of IPE on collaborative practice and health and system outcomes. According to this report, it is possible to link the learning process with downstream person or population directed outcomes through thoughtful, well-designed studies of the association between IPE and collaborative behavior. Measuring the Impact of Interprofessional Education on Collaborative Practice and Patient Outcomes describes the research needed to strengthen the evidence base for IPE outcomes. Additionally, this report presents a conceptual model for evaluating IPE that could be adapted to particular settings in which it is applied. Measuring the Impact of Interprofessional Education on Collaborative Practice and Patient Outcomes addresses the current lack of broadly applicable measures of collaborative behavior and makes recommendations for resource commitments from interprofessional stakeholders, funders, and policy makers to advance the study of IPE.", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/21726/measuring-the-impact-of-interprofessional-education-on-collaborative-practice-and-patient-outcomes", year = 2015, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "National Research Council", editor = "Ronald S. Cooper and Stephen A. Merrill", title = "Industrial Research and Innovation Indicators: Report of a Workshop", isbn = "978-0-309-05994-7", abstract = "Workshop participants offered a variety of suggestions to the National Science Foundation (NSF) and other federal agencies to improve the usefulness and relevance of data on industrial research and innovation, as well as to increase efficiency in collecting and processing the data. The suggestions dealt with the need to (1) clarify policy information needs; (2) improve the quality, coverage, and collection of existing data items; and (3) identify and collect new types of data.", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/5976/industrial-research-and-innovation-indicators-report-of-a-workshop", year = 1997, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP title = "Resource Allocation for Family Planning in Developing Countries: Report of a Meeting", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/9050/resource-allocation-for-family-planning-in-developing-countries-report-of", year = 1995, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "Institute of Medicine", editor = "Steve Olson and Leslie Sim and Sarah Ziegenhorn", title = "Cross-Sector Responses to Obesity: Models for Change: Workshop in Brief", abstract = "On September 30, 2014, the Institute of Medicine's Roundtable on Obesity Solutions held a 1-day workshop titled \"Cross-Sector Work on Obesity Prevention, Treatment, and Weight Maintenance: Models for Change.\" The workshop was designed to explore models of cross-sector work that may reduce the prevalence and consequences of obesity, discuss lessons learned from case studies of cross-sector initiatives, and spur future cross-sector collaboration. This brief summary of the workshop highlights the salient points that emerged from the presentations and discussions at the workshop.", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/21686/cross-sector-responses-to-obesity-models-for-change-workshop-in", year = 2014, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine", editor = "Caroline M. Cilio and Tracy A. Lustig", title = "Artificial Intelligence Applications for Older Adults and People with Disabilities: Balancing Safety and Autonomy: Proceedings of a Workshop—in Brief", abstract = "On October 24, 2018, the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine held a workshop titled Artificial Intel\u00acligence Applications for Older Adults and People with Disabilities: Balancing Safety and Autonomy. This workshop examined the state of the art and knowledge about artificial intelligence and explored its potential to foster a balance of safety and autonomy for older adults and people with disabilities who strive to live as independently as possible. This publication summarizes the presentations and discussions from the workshop.", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/25427/artificial-intelligence-applications-for-older-adults-and-people-with-disabilities", year = 2019, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine", title = "Beyond Patents: Assessing the Value and Impact of Research Investments: Proceedings of a Workshop–in Brief", abstract = "Companies know exactly what they spend on research, but knowing exactly what they get for their money is a more difficult question to answer. Without a good way to measure value, research can be viewed as a cost that can be cut to boost near-term earnings. The number of patents is one metric for measuring the value of research, but that information is not necessarily useful without knowing the business value of those patents in the marketplace. What other metrics serve to highlight the value of research and innovation? On June 27 and 28, 2017, the Government-University-Industry Research Roundtable held a meeting to explore these issues. This publication briefly summarizes the presentations and discussions from the meeting.", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/24920/beyond-patents-assessing-the-value-and-impact-of-research-investments", year = 2017, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "Institute of Medicine", editor = "Frederick J. Manning and Jeremiah A. Barondess", title = "Changing Health Care Systems and Rheumatic Disease", isbn = "978-0-309-05683-0", abstract = "Market forces are driving a radical restructuring of health care delivery in the United States. At the same time, more and more people are living comparatively long lives with a variety of severe chronic health conditions. Many such people are concerned about the trend toward the creation of managed care systems because their need for frequent, often complex, medical services conflicts with managed care's desires to contain costs. The fear is that people with serious chronic disorders will be excluded from or underserved by the integrated health care delivery networks now emerging. Responding to a request from the National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, this book reflects the results of a workshop that focused on the following questions:\n\n Does the model of managed care or an integrated delivery system influence the types of interventions provided to patients with chronic conditions and the clinical and health status outcomes resulting from those interventions?\n If so, are these effects quantitatively and clinically significant, as compared to the effects that other variables (e.g., income, education, ethnicity) have on patient outcomes?\n If the type of health care delivery system appears to be related to patient care and outcomes, can specific organizational, financial, or other variables be identified that account for the relationships?\n If not, what type of research should be pursued to provide the information needed about the relationship between types of health care systems and the processes and outcomes of care provided to people with serious chronic conditions?\n", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/5472/changing-health-care-systems-and-rheumatic-disease", year = 1996, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine", editor = "Erin Fox", title = "Building Resilience in the Face of Emerging Threats to Child and Youth Well-Being: Proceedings of a Workshop—in Brief", abstract = "In the face of growing threats to child and youth well-being - whether it be the COVID-19 pandemic, climate change, systemic racism, or new crises that have yet to arise - it is imperative that youth well-being be promoted through the development of strong resilience skills. To explore strategies for building youth resilience, the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine Forum for Childrens Well-Being held a 3-day workshop in October 2022. The workshop included presentations from experts, as well as moderated conversations between the presenters and youth discussants. This Proceedings of a Workshop-in Brief provides a high-level summary of the topics addressed in the workshop.", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/26904/building-resilience-in-the-face-of-emerging-threats-to-child-and-youth-well-being", year = 2023, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP title = "Preparing for the 21st Century: Focusing on Quality in a Changing Health Care System", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/9538/preparing-for-the-21st-century-focusing-on-quality-in-a-changing-health-care-system", year = 1997, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "National Research Council", title = "Predicting Outcomes of Investments in Maintenance and Repair of Federal Facilities", isbn = "978-0-309-22186-3", abstract = "The deteriorating condition of federal facilities poses economic, safety, operational, and environmental risks to the federal government, to the achievement of the missions of federal agencies, and to the achievement of public policy goals. Primary factors underlying this deterioration are the age of federal facilities--about half are at least 50 years old--and decades of inadequate investment for their maintenance and repair. These issues are not new and there are no quick fixes. However, the current operating environment provides both the impetus and the opportunity to place investments in federal facilities' maintenance and repair on a new, more sustainable course for the 21st Century. Despite the magnitude of investments, funding for the maintenance and repair of federal facilities has been inadequate for many years, and myriad projects have been deferred.\nPredicting Outcomes of Investments in Maintenance and Repair of Federal Facilities identifies processes and practices for transforming the current portfolio of federal facilities into one that is more economically, physically, and environmentally sustainable. This report addresses ways to predict or quantify the outcomes that can be expected from a given level of maintenance and repair investments in federal facilities or facilities' systems, and what strategies, measures, and data should be in place to determine the actual outcomes of facilities maintenance and repair investments.\n ", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/13280/predicting-outcomes-of-investments-in-maintenance-and-repair-of-federal-facilities", year = 2012, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine", editor = "Joe Alper and Sylvia Ncha and Amanda Wagner Gee and Carolyn Shore", title = "Advancing the Science of Patient Input in Medical Product R&D: Towards a Research Agenda: Proceedings of a Workshop—in Brief", abstract = "On May 9, 2018, the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine held a workshop titled Advancing the Science of Patient Input in Medical Product R&D: Towards a Research Agenda. This workshop focused on the science of patient input for medical product research and development (R&D), with consideration of downstream regulatory and post-market decision making. The objectives of the workshop were to consider the current state of the science for soliciting and incorporating patient input into medical product R&D, explore gaps in knowledge and other barriers that impede progress, and discuss a potential framework for a research agenda for addressing gaps and barriers that could help move the field forward. This publication summarizes the presentations and discussions from the workshop.", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/25325/advancing-the-science-of-patient-input-in-medical-product-rd", year = 2018, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" }