%0 Book %A National Research Council %E Talmage, Daniel %T Future of Battlespace Situational Awareness: A Workshop Summary %@ 978-0-309-28624-4 %D 2013 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/18353/future-of-battlespace-situational-awareness-a-workshop-summary %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/18353/future-of-battlespace-situational-awareness-a-workshop-summary %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Conflict and Security Issues %P 28 %X Future Battlespace Situational Awareness is the third workshop in an ongoing series of workshops conducted by the National Research Council's Committee for Science and Technology Challenges to U.S. National Security Interests. The first two workshops looked at individual technologies related to "big" data and future antennas and provided context for the topic addressed in the third workshop—the planning of a future warfare scenario. The objectives for the third workshop were to review technologies that enable battlespace situational awareness 10-20 years into the future for red and blue forces; and emphasize the capabilities within air, land, sea, space, and cyberspace. The workshop was held on May 30-31, 2012, in Suffolk, Virginia, at the Lockheed Martin Center for Innovation. The sessions were not open to the public because they involved discussions of classified material, including data addressing vulnerabilities, indicators, and observables. This series of workshops address U.S. and foreign research, why S&T applications of technologies in development are important in the context of military capabilities, and what critical scientific breakthroughs are needed to achieve advances in the fields of interest— focusing detailed attention on specific developments in the foregoing fields that might have national security implications for the United States. These workshops also consider methodology to track the relevant technology landscape for the future. The three workshops feature invited presentations and panelists and include discussions on a selected topic including themes relating to defense warning and surprise. Future of Battlespace Situational Awareness summarizes the third workshop. %0 Book %A National Research Council %A National Academy of Engineering %T Design in the New Millennium: Advanced Engineering Environments: Phase 2 %@ 978-0-309-07125-3 %D 2000 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/9876/design-in-the-new-millennium-advanced-engineering-environments-phase-2 %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/9876/design-in-the-new-millennium-advanced-engineering-environments-phase-2 %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Engineering and Technology %K Industry and Labor %P 80 %X America is changing. Many of the most noticeable changes in day-to-day life are associated with the advancing capabilities of computer systems, the growing variety of tasks they can accomplish, and the accelerating rate of change. Advanced engineering environments (AEEs) combine advanced, networked computer systems with advanced modeling and simulation technologies. When more fully developed, AEEs will enable teams of researchers, technologists, designers, manufacturers, suppliers, customers, and other users scattered across a continent or the globe to develop new products and carry out new missions with unprecedented effectiveness. Business as usual, however, will not achieve this vision. Government, industry, and academic organizations need to make the organizational and process changes that will enable their staffs to use current and future AEE technologies and systems. Design in the New Millennium: Advanced Engineering Environments: Phase 2 is the second part of a two-part study of advanced engineering environments. The Phase 1 report, issued in 1999, identified steps the federal government, industry, and academia could take in the near term to enhance the development of AEE technologies and systems with broad application in the U.S. engineering enterprise. Design in the New Millennium focuses on the long-term potential of AEE technologies and systems over the next 15 years. This report calls on government, industry, and academia to make major changes to current organizational cultures and practices to achieve a long-term vision that goes far beyond what current capabilities allow. %0 Book %A National Research Council %T Surviving Supply Chain Integration: Strategies for Small Manufacturers %@ 978-0-309-06878-9 %D 2000 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/6369/surviving-supply-chain-integration-strategies-for-small-manufacturers %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/6369/surviving-supply-chain-integration-strategies-for-small-manufacturers %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Engineering and Technology %K Industry and Labor %P 162 %X The managed flow of goods and information from raw material to final sale also known as a "supply chain" affects everything—from the U.S. gross domestic product to where you can buy your jeans. The nature of a company's supply chain has a significant effect on its success or failure—as in the success of Dell Computer's make-to-order system and the failure of General Motor's vertical integration during the 1998 United Auto Workers strike. Supply Chain Integration looks at this crucial component of business at a time when product design, manufacture, and delivery are changing radically and globally. This book explores the benefits of continuously improving the relationship between the firm, its suppliers, and its customers to ensure the highest added value. This book identifies the state-of-the-art developments that contribute to the success of vertical tiers of suppliers and relates these developments to the capabilities that small and medium-sized manufacturers must have to be viable participants in this system. Strategies for attaining these capabilities through manufacturing extension centers and other technical assistance providers at the national, state, and local level are suggested. This book identifies action steps for small and medium-sized manufacturers—the "seed corn" of business start-up and development—to improve supply chain management. The book examines supply chain models from consultant firms, universities, manufacturers, and associations. Topics include the roles of suppliers and other supply chain participants, the rise of outsourcing, the importance of information management, the natural tension between buyer and seller, sources of assistance to small and medium-sized firms, and a host of other issues. Supply Chain Integration will be of interest to industry policymakers, economists, researchers, business leaders, and forward-thinking executives. %0 Book %A National Academy of Engineering %A National Research Council %E Pearson, Greg %E Young, A. Thomas %T Technically Speaking: Why All Americans Need to Know More About Technology %@ 978-0-309-08262-4 %D 2002 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/10250/technically-speaking-why-all-americans-need-to-know-more-about %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/10250/technically-speaking-why-all-americans-need-to-know-more-about %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Health and Medicine %K Engineering and Technology %P 170 %X Cell phones . . . airbags . . . genetically modified food . . . the Internet. These are all emblems of modern life. You might ask what we would do without them. But an even more interesting question might be what would we do if we had to actually explain how they worked? The United States is riding a whirlwind of technological change. To be sure, there have been periods, such as the late 1800s, when new inventions appeared in society at a comparable rate. But the pace of change today, and its social, economic, and other impacts, are as significant and far reaching as at any other time in history. And it seems that the faster we embrace new technologies, the less we’re able to understand them. What is the long-term effect of this galloping technological revolution? In today’s new world, it is nothing less than a matter of responsible citizenship to grasp the nature and implications of technology. Technically Speaking provides a blueprint for bringing us all up to speed on the role of technology in our society, including understanding such distinctions as technology versus science and technological literacy versus technical competence. It clearly and decisively explains what it means to be a technologically-literate citizen. The book goes on to explore the context of technological literacy—the social, historical, political, and educational environments. This readable overview highlights specific issues of concern: the state of technological studies in K-12 schools, the reach of the Internet into our homes and lives, and the crucial role of technology in today’s economy and workforce. Three case studies of current issues—car airbags, genetically modified foods, and the California energy crisis—illustrate why ordinary citizens need to understand technology to make responsible decisions. This fascinating book from the National Academy of Engineering is enjoyable to read and filled with contemporary examples. It will be important to anyone interested in understanding how the world around them works. %0 Book %A National Research Council %T Astronomy and Astrophysics in the New Millennium %@ 978-0-309-07031-7 %D 2001 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/9839/astronomy-and-astrophysics-in-the-new-millennium %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/9839/astronomy-and-astrophysics-in-the-new-millennium %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Space and Aeronautics %P 270 %X In this new book, a distinguished panel makes recommendations for the nation's programs in astronomy and astrophysics, including a number of new initiatives for observing the universe. With the goal of optimum value, the recommendations address the role of federal research agencies, allocation of funding, training for scientists, competition and collaboration among space facilities, and much more. The book identifies the most pressing science questions and explains how specific efforts, from the Next Generation Space Telescope to theoretical studies, will help reveal the answers. Discussions of how emerging information technologies can help scientists make sense of the wealth of data available are also included. Astronomy has significant impact on science in general as well as on public imagination. The committee discusses how to integrate astronomical discoveries into our education system and our national life. In preparing the New Millennium report, the AASC made use of a series of panel reports that address various aspects of ground- and space-based astronomy and astrophysics. These reports provide in-depth technical detail. Astronomy and Astrophysics in the New Millenium: An Overview summarizes the science goals and recommended initiatives in a short, richly illustrated, non-technical booklet. %0 Book %A National Research Council %T Environmental Management Systems and ISO 14001: Federal Facilities Council Report No. 138 %@ 978-0-309-06442-2 %D 1999 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/6481/environmental-management-systems-and-iso-14001-federal-facilities-council-report %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/6481/environmental-management-systems-and-iso-14001-federal-facilities-council-report %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Environment and Environmental Studies %P 48 %X In 1996, the Federal Facilities Council (FFC), which operates under the aegis of the National Research Council, established a standing committee on Environmental Engineering with the express purpose of providing a forum where federal environmental engineers and program managers could meet on a regular basis to exchange information about facilities-related environmental programs, policies, and issues. The committee members, like environmental program managers in other types of organizations, are increasingly concerned about achieving and demonstrating sound environmental performance by meeting the requirements of environmental regulations and limiting the impacts of their products or services on the environment. To foster communication and address concerns about EMSs, the FFC Standing Committee on Environmental Engineering hosted a one-day workshop on Environmental Management Systems and ISO 14001. The workshop was held April 9, 1998, at the National Academy of Sciences in Washington, D.C. %0 Book %A National Research Council %T Advanced Engineering Environments: Achieving the Vision, Phase 1 %@ 978-0-309-06541-2 %D 1999 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/9597/advanced-engineering-environments-achieving-the-vision-phase-1 %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/9597/advanced-engineering-environments-achieving-the-vision-phase-1 %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Engineering and Technology %K Industry and Labor %P 58 %X Advances in the capabilities of technologies applicable to distributed networking, telecommunications, multi-user computer applications, and interactive virtual reality are creating opportunities for users in the same or separate locations to engage in interdependent, cooperative activities using a common computer-based environment. These capabilities have given rise to relatively new interdisciplinary efforts to unite the interests of mission-oriented communities with those of the computer and social science communities to create integrated, tool-oriented computation and communication systems. These systems can enable teams in widespread locations to collaborate using the newest instruments and computing resources. The benefits are many. For example, a new paradigm for intimate collaboration between scientists and engineers is emerging. This collaboration has the potential to accelerate the development and dissemination of knowledge and optimize the use of instruments and facilities, while minimizing the time between the discovery and application of new technologies. Advanced Engineering Environments: Achieving the Vision, Phase 1 describes the benefits and feasibility of ongoing efforts to develop and apply advanced engineering environments (AEEs), which are defined as particular implementations of computational and communications systems that create integrated virtual and/or distributed environments linking researchers, technologists, designers, manufacturers, suppliers, and customers. %0 Book %T On Climate Change Research Measurements from NPOESS: Letter Report %D 1998 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/12268/on-climate-change-research-measurements-from-npoess-letter-report %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/12268/on-climate-change-research-measurements-from-npoess-letter-report %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Space and Aeronautics %P 11 %0 Book %A National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine %E Day, Dwayne %T Combat Vehicle Weight Reduction by Materials Substitution: Proceedings of a Workshop %@ 978-0-309-44526-9 %D 2018 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/23562/combat-vehicle-weight-reduction-by-materials-substitution-proceedings-of-a %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/23562/combat-vehicle-weight-reduction-by-materials-substitution-proceedings-of-a %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Engineering and Technology %K Conflict and Security Issues %P 64 %X Vehicle weight reduction is an effective strategy for reducing fuel consumption in civilian vehicles. For combat vehicles, it presents not only an important opportunity to reduce fuel use and associated logistics, but also important advantages in transport and mobility on the battlefield. Although there have been numerous efforts in the past to reduce the overall weight of combat vehicles, combat vehicle weight has continued to increase over time due to new threats and missions. On December 8 and 9, 2014, the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine held a workshop to explore opportunities in lightweight materials for armored vehicles. This was the ninth workshop in an ongoing series for the U.S. military on materials and manufacturing issues. The workshop discussed future advances in weight reduction by materials substitution for vehicles, including such topics as armor, structure, automotive parts, and armaments. This publication summarizes the presentations and discussions from the workshop. %0 Book %T On ESA's FIRST and Planck Missions: Letter Report %D 1998 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/12267/on-esas-first-and-planck-missions-letter-report %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/12267/on-esas-first-and-planck-missions-letter-report %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Space and Aeronautics %P 5 %0 Book %T On Scientific Assessment of NASA's Solar System Exploration Roadmap: Letter Report %D 1996 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/12281/on-scientific-assessment-of-nasas-solar-system-exploration-roadmap-letter %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/12281/on-scientific-assessment-of-nasas-solar-system-exploration-roadmap-letter %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Space and Aeronautics %P 6 %0 Book %A National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine %T Enabling DoD's Test Ranges and Infrastructure to Meet Threats and Operational Needs in the 21st Century: Unclassified Summary %D 2022 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/26607/enabling-dods-test-ranges-and-infrastructure-to-meet-threats-and-operational-needs-in-the-21st-century %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/26607/enabling-dods-test-ranges-and-infrastructure-to-meet-threats-and-operational-needs-in-the-21st-century %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Conflict and Security Issues %P 22 %X The Department of Defense operates several ranges across all service branches to test the effectiveness of military systems in the land, sea, air, space, and cyberspace domains. These ranges and infrastructure represent a critical part of the DoD acquisition and systems development process. The DoD's Office of Test and Evaluation (DOT&E) has asked the Board on Army Research and Development to assess how effectively these ranges fulfill DOT&E's mission to determine operational effectiveness and lethality of systems currently under development. This study will specifically evaluate whether these ranges are prepared to simulate threats, countermeasures, and operations against near-peer adversaries. This publication is the unclassified version of the classified report. %0 Book %A National Research Council %E Fisk, Lennard A. %T Workshop Series on Issues in Space Science and Technology: Summary of Space and Earth Science Issues from the Workshop on U.S. Civil Space Policy %D 2008 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/12156/workshop-series-on-issues-in-space-science-and-technology-summary %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/12156/workshop-series-on-issues-in-space-science-and-technology-summary %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Space and Aeronautics %K Policy for Science and Technology %P 23 %X NASA has asked the Space Studies Board (SSB) of the NRC to examine issues related to space science and technology through a series of three workshops. The first of these was held in November 2007 in conjunction with another workshop being held jointly by the SSB and ASEB to assess U.S. civil space policy broadly. Some of the workshop sessions focused more than others on issues of interest to NASA's Science Mission Directorate (SMD). This book concentrates on those sessions and presents a summary of the views of the participants on the issues that are relevant to SMD. A separate book will be prepared on the full range of issues about U.S. civil space policy discussed at the workshop. %0 Book %A National Research Council %T Review and Evaluation of Alternative Technologies for Demilitarization of Assembled Chemical Weapons %@ 978-0-309-06639-6 %D 1999 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/9660/review-and-evaluation-of-alternative-technologies-for-demilitarization-of-assembled-chemical-weapons %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/9660/review-and-evaluation-of-alternative-technologies-for-demilitarization-of-assembled-chemical-weapons %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Environment and Environmental Studies %K Math, Chemistry, and Physics %P 266 %X This report examines seven disposal technologies being considered by the U.S. government as alternative methods to the process of incineration for destroying mortars, rockets, land mines, and other weapons that contain chemical warfare agents, such as mustard gas. These weapons are considered especially dangerous because they contain both chemical warfare agent and explosive materials in an assembled package that must be disassembled for destruction. The study identifies the strengths and weaknesses and advantages and disadvantages of each technology and assesses their potential for full-scale implementation. %0 Book %A National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine %E Whitacre, Paula %T Addressing Supply Chain and Manufacturing Challenges and Opportunities: Proceedings of a Workshop Series–in Brief %D 2022 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/26593/addressing-supply-chain-and-manufacturing-challenges-and-opportunities-proceedings-of %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/26593/addressing-supply-chain-and-manufacturing-challenges-and-opportunities-proceedings-of %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Industry and Labor %P 12 %X The COVID-19 pandemic escalated supply chain vulnerabilities that affect almost every sector of the economy. Identifying key vulnerabilities and developing responses to them will require the mobilization of diverse actors across the U.S. research enterprise. In October and November 2021, the Government-University-Industry Research Roundtable (GUIRR) of the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine convened a number of virtual workshops for its membership and invited guests to discuss opportunities for enhancing U.S. approaches to addressing manufacturing and supply chain resilience, security, and sustainability challenges through partnerships and cross-sector collaboration. In convening experts and leaders from across sectors and disciplines, GUIRR provided a forum for dialogue on policy priorities for consideration by leaders across the research enterprise. This publication summarizes the presentation and discussion of the workshop series. %0 Book %A National Research Council %T Aviation Safety and Pilot Control: Understanding and Preventing Unfavorable Pilot-Vehicle Interactions %@ 978-0-309-05688-5 %D 1997 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/5469/aviation-safety-and-pilot-control-understanding-and-preventing-unfavorable-pilot %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/5469/aviation-safety-and-pilot-control-understanding-and-preventing-unfavorable-pilot %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Transportation and Infrastructure %K Space and Aeronautics %P 220 %X Adverse aircraft-pilot coupling (APC) events include a broad set of undesirable and sometimes hazardous phenomena that originate in anomalous interactions between pilots and aircraft. As civil and military aircraft technologies advance, interactions between pilots and aircraft are becoming more complex. Recent accidents and other incidents have been attributed to adverse APC in military aircraft. In addition, APC has been implicated in some civilian incidents. This book evaluates the current state of knowledge about adverse APC and processes that may be used to eliminate it from military and commercial aircraft. It was written for technical, government, and administrative decisionmakers and their technical and administrative support staffs; key technical managers in the aircraft manufacturing and operational industries; stability and control engineers; aircraft flight control system designers; research specialists in flight control, flying qualities, human factors; and technically knowledgeable lay readers. %0 Book %A National Research Council %T Review of the Future of the U.S. Aerospace Infrastructure and Aerospace Engineering Disciplines to Meet the Needs of the Air Force and the Department of Defense %@ 978-0-309-07606-7 %D 2001 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/10201/review-of-the-future-of-the-us-aerospace-infrastructure-and-aerospace-engineering-disciplines-to-meet-the-needs-of-the-air-force-and-the-department-of-defense %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/10201/review-of-the-future-of-the-us-aerospace-infrastructure-and-aerospace-engineering-disciplines-to-meet-the-needs-of-the-air-force-and-the-department-of-defense %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Space and Aeronautics %K Conflict and Security Issues %P 66 %X The Principal Deputy to the Assistant Secretary of the Air Force for Acquisition requested that the National Research Council (NRC) review the Air Force's planned acquisition programs to determine if, given its scale, the highly talented scientific, technical, and engineering personnel base could be maintained, to identify issues affecting the engineering and science work force, and to identify issues affecting the aerospace industry's leadership in technology development, innovation, and product quality, as well as its ability to support Air Force missions. %0 Book %A National Academy of Engineering %A National Research Council %T Report of a Workshop on Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) Workforce Needs for the U.S. Department of Defense and the U.S. Defense Industrial Base %@ 978-0-309-25180-8 %D 2012 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/13318/report-of-a-workshop-on-science-technology-engineering-and-mathematics-stem-workforce-needs-for-the-us-department-of-defense-and-the-us-defense-industrial-base %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/13318/report-of-a-workshop-on-science-technology-engineering-and-mathematics-stem-workforce-needs-for-the-us-department-of-defense-and-the-us-defense-industrial-base %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Engineering and Technology %K Industry and Labor %P 78 %X Report of a Workshop on Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) Workforce Needs for the U.S. Department of Defense and the U.S. Defense Industrial Base is the summary of a workshop held August 11, 2011, as part of an 18-month study of the issue. This book assesses the STEM capabilities that the Department of Defense (DOD) needs in order to meet its goals, objectives, and priorities; to assess whether the current DOD workforce and strategy will meet those needs; and to identify and evaluate options and recommend strategies that the department could use to help meet its future STEM needs. %0 Book %A National Research Council %T Government/Industry/Academic Relationships for Technology Development: A Workshop Report %@ 978-0-309-09573-0 %D 2005 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/11206/governmentindustryacademic-relationships-for-technology-development-a-workshop-report %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/11206/governmentindustryacademic-relationships-for-technology-development-a-workshop-report %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Space and Aeronautics %K Conflict and Security Issues %P 94 %X NASA’s Human Exploration and Development of Space (HEDS) program within the Office of Space Flight has proposed a new framework for space technology and systems development—Advanced Systems, Technology, Research, and Analysis (ASTRA) for future space flight capabilities. To assist in the development of this framework, NASA asked the National Research Council to convene a series of workshops on technology policy issues concerning the relationship of the various stakeholders in advancing human and robotic exploration and development of space. The second workshop, which is the summarized in this report, focused on the interrelationship between government, industry, and academia in the development of technology. Examples from Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency, the Department of Defense, and the National Science Foundation were covered in order to discuss best practices of such cooperative efforts as possible lessons for NASA’s space exploration activities. %0 Book %A National Research Council %E Macauley, Molly K. %E Alexander, Joseph K. %T United States Civil Space Policy: Summary of a Workshop %@ 978-0-309-12014-2 %D 2008 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/12202/united-states-civil-space-policy-summary-of-a-workshop %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/12202/united-states-civil-space-policy-summary-of-a-workshop %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Space and Aeronautics %K Policy for Science and Technology %P 42 %X In 2004, the NRC released a workshop report about the future direction of the U.S. civil space program. At the same time, the Administration announced the Vision for Space Exploration, and in June 2004, it issued a report that articulated a balanced space program for human and robotic exploration and science. Subsequent NRC reports, however, have noted that NASA has not been given the resources to carry out this broad-based program. This challenge, along with others faced by the U.S. civil space program, stimulated the NRC to form an ad hoc committee to organize a second workshop, held in November 2007, to address the space program's future directions. The workshop's goal was to air a range of views and perspectives so as to inform discussions of these questions by policymakers and the public. This book presents a summary of the workshop.