%0 Book %A National Research Council %T NASA Space Technology Roadmaps and Priorities: Restoring NASA's Technological Edge and Paving the Way for a New Era in Space %@ 978-0-309-25362-8 %D 2012 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/13354/nasa-space-technology-roadmaps-and-priorities-restoring-nasas-technological-edge %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/13354/nasa-space-technology-roadmaps-and-priorities-restoring-nasas-technological-edge %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Space and Aeronautics %P 376 %X NASA's Office of the Chief Technologist (OCT) has begun to rebuild the advanced space technology program in the agency with plans laid out in 14 draft technology roadmaps. It has been years since NASA has had a vigorous, broad-based program in advanced space technology development and its technology base has been largely depleted. However, success in executing future NASA space missions will depend on advanced technology developments that should already be underway. Reaching out to involve the external technical community, the National Research Council (NRC) considered the 14 draft technology roadmaps prepared by OCT and ranked the top technical challenges and highest priority technologies that NASA should emphasize in the next 5 years. This report provides specific guidance and recommendations on how the effectiveness of the technology development program managed by OCT can be enhanced in the face of scarce resources. %0 Book %A National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine %T Report Series: Committee on Astrobiology and Planetary Science: Review of the Commercial Aspects of NASA SMD's Lunar Science and Exploration Initiative %@ 978-0-309-48931-7 %D 2019 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/25374/report-series-committee-on-astrobiology-and-planetary-science-review-of %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/25374/report-series-committee-on-astrobiology-and-planetary-science-review-of %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Space and Aeronautics %P 22 %X On December 11, 2017, President Donald Trump signed Space Policy Directive-1 (SPD-1). The new directive replaced original text in the National Space Policy of the United States of America and instructed the Administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) to "lead the return of humans to the Moon for long-term exploration and utilization, followed by human missions to Mars and other destinations". In response to and in support of the vision expressed in SPD-1, the first report reviewed decadal and other community-guided lunar science priorities as context for NASA’s current lunar plans and then presented and evaluated the actions being taken by NASA’s Planetary Science Division (PSD) to support lunar science. At the request of NASA PSD, this second report explores plans for commercial partnerships, lunar infrastructure development, and related aspects of NASA’s lunar science and exploration initiative. %0 Book %A National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine %T Report Series: Committee on Astrobiology and Planetary Science: Review of the Planetary Science Aspects of NASA SMD's Lunar Science and Exploration Initiative %@ 978-0-309-48926-3 %D 2019 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/25373/report-series-committee-on-astrobiology-and-planetary-science-review-of %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/25373/report-series-committee-on-astrobiology-and-planetary-science-review-of %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Space and Aeronautics %P 16 %X On December 11, 2017, President Donald Trump signed Space Policy Directive-1 (SPD-1). The new directive replaced original text in the National Space Policy of the United States of America and instructed the Administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) to “lead the return of humans to the Moon for long-term exploration and utilization, followed by human missions to Mars and other destinations”. In response to and in support of the vision expressed in SPD-1, this report reviews decadal and other community-guided lunar science priorities as context for NASA’s current lunar plans and then presents and evaluates the actions being taken by NASA’s Planetary Science Division to support lunar science. %0 Book %A National Research Council %T Research for a Future in Space: The Role of Life and Physical Sciences %D 2012 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/13450/research-for-a-future-in-space-the-role-of-life %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/13450/research-for-a-future-in-space-the-role-of-life %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Space and Aeronautics %P 32 %X During its more than 50-year history, NASA's success in human space exploration has depended on the agency's ability to effectively address a wide range of biomedical, engineering, physical sciences, and related obstacles. This achievement is made possible by NASA's strong and productive commitments to life and physical sciences research for human space exploration, and by its use of human space exploration infrastructures for scientific discovery. Research for a Future in Space: The Role of Life and Physical Sciences explains how unique characteristics of the space environment can be used to address complex problems in the life and physical sciences. This booklet also helps deliver both new knowledge and practical benefits for humankind as it embarks on a new era of space exploration. Research for a Future in Space: The Role of Life and Physical Sciences is based on the in depth report, Recapturing a Future for Space Exploration: Life and Physical Sciences Research for a New Era. To learn more about the future of space exploration, visit our catalog page and download this report for free. %0 Book %A National Research Council %T A Constrained Space Exploration Technology Program: A Review of NASA's Exploration Technology Development Program %@ 978-0-309-12583-3 %D 2008 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/12471/a-constrained-space-exploration-technology-program-a-review-of-nasas %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/12471/a-constrained-space-exploration-technology-program-a-review-of-nasas %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Space and Aeronautics %P 154 %X In January 2004, President George W. Bush announced the Vision for Space Exploration (VSE), which instructed NASA to "Extend human presence across the solar system, starting with a human return to the Moon by the year 2020, in preparation for human exploration of Mars and other destinations," among other objectives. As acknowledged in the VSE, significant technology development will be necessary to accomplish the goals it articulates. NASA's Exploration Technology Development Program (ETDP) is designed to support, develop, and ultimately provide the necessary technologies to meet the goals of the VSE. This book, a review of the ETDP, is broadly supportive of the intent and goals of the VSE, and finds the ETDP is making progress towards the stated goals of technology development. However, the ETDP is operating within significant constraints which limit its ability to successfully accomplish those goals-the still dynamic nature of the Constellation Program requirements, the constraints imposed by a limited budget, the aggressive time scale of early technology deliverables, and the desire to fully employ the NASA workforce. %0 Book %A National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine %T Space Studies Board Annual Report 2019 %D 2021 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/26073/space-studies-board-annual-report-2019 %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/26073/space-studies-board-annual-report-2019 %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Space and Aeronautics %P 116 %X The Space Studies Board (SSB) is a unit of the Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences of the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. SSB provides an independent, authoritative forum for information and advice on all aspects of space science and applications and serves as the focal point within the National Academies for activities on space research. Space Studies Board Annual Report 2019 describes the projects and activities of SSB; explains the SSB's collaboration with other National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine units; and assures the quality of the SSB reports. %0 Book %A National Research Council %T Review of NASA's Exploration Technology Development Program: An Interim Report %@ 978-0-309-11943-6 %D 2008 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/12189/review-of-nasas-exploration-technology-development-program-an-interim-report %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/12189/review-of-nasas-exploration-technology-development-program-an-interim-report %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Space and Aeronautics %P 74 %X To meet the objectives of the Vision for Space Exploration (VSE), NASA must develop a wide array of enabling technologies. For this purpose, NASA established the Exploration Technology Development Program (ETDP). Currently, ETDP has 22 projects underway. In the report accompanying the House-passed version of the FY2007 appropriations bill, the agency was directed to request from the NRC an independent assessment of the ETDP. This interim report provides an assessment of each of the 22 projects including a quality rating, an analysis of how effectively the research is being carried out, and the degree to which the research is aligned with the VSE. To the extent possible, the identification and discussion of various cross-cutting issues are also presented. Those issues will be explored and discussed in more detail in the final report. %0 Book %T An Initial Review of Microgravity Research in Support of Human Exploration and Development of Space %D 1997 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/12270/an-initial-review-of-microgravity-research-in-support-of-human-exploration-and-development-of-space %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/12270/an-initial-review-of-microgravity-research-in-support-of-human-exploration-and-development-of-space %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Space and Aeronautics %P 59 %0 Book %A National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine %T Origins, Worlds, and Life: A Decadal Strategy for Planetary Science and Astrobiology 2023-2032 %@ 978-0-309-47578-5 %D 2023 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/26522/origins-worlds-and-life-a-decadal-strategy-for-planetary-science %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/26522/origins-worlds-and-life-a-decadal-strategy-for-planetary-science %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Space and Aeronautics %P 736 %X The next decade of planetary science and astrobiology holds tremendous promise. New research will expand our understanding of our solar system's origins, how planets form and evolve, under what conditions life can survive, and where to find potentially habitable environments in our solar system and beyond. Origins, Worlds, and Life: A Decadal Strategy for Planetary Science and Astrobiology 2023-2032 highlights key science questions, identifies priority missions, and presents a comprehensive research strategy that includes both planetary defense and human exploration. This report also recommends ways to support the profession as well as the technologies and infrastructure needed to carry out the science. %0 Book %A National Research Council %T Recapturing a Future for Space Exploration: Life and Physical Sciences Research for a New Era %@ 978-0-309-16384-2 %D 2011 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/13048/recapturing-a-future-for-space-exploration-life-and-physical-sciences %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/13048/recapturing-a-future-for-space-exploration-life-and-physical-sciences %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Space and Aeronautics %P 464 %X More than four decades have passed since a human first set foot on the Moon. Great strides have been made in our understanding of what is required to support an enduring human presence in space, as evidenced by progressively more advanced orbiting human outposts, culminating in the current International Space Station (ISS). However, of the more than 500 humans who have so far ventured into space, most have gone only as far as near-Earth orbit, and none have traveled beyond the orbit of the Moon. Achieving humans' further progress into the solar system had proved far more difficult than imagined in the heady days of the Apollo missions, but the potential rewards remain substantial. During its more than 50-year history, NASA's success in human space exploration has depended on the agency's ability to effectively address a wide range of biomedical, engineering, physical science, and related obstacles—an achievement made possible by NASA's strong and productive commitments to life and physical sciences research for human space exploration, and by its use of human space exploration infrastructures for scientific discovery. The Committee for the Decadal Survey of Biological and Physical Sciences acknowledges the many achievements of NASA, which are all the more remarkable given budgetary challenges and changing directions within the agency. In the past decade, however, a consequence of those challenges has been a life and physical sciences research program that was dramatically reduced in both scale and scope, with the result that the agency is poorly positioned to take full advantage of the scientific opportunities offered by the now fully equipped and staffed ISS laboratory, or to effectively pursue the scientific research needed to support the development of advanced human exploration capabilities. Although its review has left it deeply concerned about the current state of NASA's life and physical sciences research, the Committee for the Decadal Survey on Biological and Physical Sciences in Space is nevertheless convinced that a focused science and engineering program can achieve successes that will bring the space community, the U.S. public, and policymakers to an understanding that we are ready for the next significant phase of human space exploration. The goal of this report is to lay out steps and develop a forward-looking portfolio of research that will provide the basis for recapturing the excitement and value of human spaceflight—thereby enabling the U.S. space program to deliver on new exploration initiatives that serve the nation, excite the public, and place the United States again at the forefront of space exploration for the global good. %0 Book %A National Research Council %T Pathways to Exploration: Rationales and Approaches for a U.S. Program of Human Space Exploration %@ 978-0-309-30507-5 %D 2014 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/18801/pathways-to-exploration-rationales-and-approaches-for-a-us-program %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/18801/pathways-to-exploration-rationales-and-approaches-for-a-us-program %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Space and Aeronautics %P 279 %X The United States has publicly funded its human spaceflight program on a continuous basis for more than a half-century, through three wars and a half-dozen recessions, from the early Mercury and Gemini suborbital and Earth orbital missions, to the lunar landings, and thence to the first reusable winged crewed spaceplane that the United States operated for three decades. Today the United States is the major partner in a massive orbital facility - the International Space Station - that is becoming the focal point for the first tentative steps in commercial cargo and crewed orbital space flights. And yet, the long-term future of human spaceflight beyond this project is unclear. Pronouncements by multiple presidents of bold new ventures by Americans to the Moon, to Mars, and to an asteroid in its native orbit, have not been matched by the same commitment that accompanied President Kennedy's now fabled 1961 speech-namely, the substantial increase in NASA funding needed to make it happen. Are we still committed to advancing human spaceflight? What should a long-term goal be, and what does the United States need to do to achieve it? Pathways to Exploration explores the case for advancing this endeavor, drawing on the history of rationales for human spaceflight, examining the attitudes of stakeholders and the public, and carefully assessing the technical and fiscal realities. This report recommends maintaining the long-term focus on Mars as the horizon goal for human space exploration. With this goal in mind, the report considers funding levels necessary to maintain a robust tempo of execution, current research and exploration projects and the time/resources needed to continue them, and international cooperation that could contribute to the achievement of spaceflight to Mars. According to Pathways to Exploration, a successful U.S. program would require sustained national commitment and a budget that increases by more than the rate of inflation. In reviving a U.S. human exploration program capable of answering the enduring questions about humanity's destiny beyond our tiny blue planet, the nation will need to grapple with the attitudinal and fiscal realities of the nation today while staying true to a small but crucial set of fundamental principles for the conduct of exploration of the endless frontier. The recommendations of Pathways to Exploration provide a clear map toward a human spaceflight program that inspires students and citizens by furthering human exploration and discovery, while taking into account the long-term commitment necessary to achieve this goal. %0 Book %A National Research Council %T Microgravity Research in Support of Technologies for the Human Exploration and Development of Space and Planetary Bodies %@ 978-0-309-06491-0 %D 2000 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/9452/microgravity-research-in-support-of-technologies-for-the-human-exploration-and-development-of-space-and-planetary-bodies %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/9452/microgravity-research-in-support-of-technologies-for-the-human-exploration-and-development-of-space-and-planetary-bodies %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Space and Aeronautics %P 224 %X The frontier represented by the near solar system confronts humanity with intriguing challenges and opportunities. With the inception of the Human Exploration and Development of Space (HEDS) enterprise in 1995, NASA has acknowledged the opportunities and has accepted the very significant challenges. Microgravity Research in Support of Technologies for the Human Exploration and Development of Space and Planetary Bodies was commissioned by NASA to assist it in coordinating the scientific information relevant to anticipating, identifying, and solving the technical problems that must be addressed throughout the HEDS program over the coming decades. This report assesses scientific and related technological issues facing NASA's Human Exploration and Development of Space endeavor, looking specifically at mission enabling and enhancing technologies which, for development, require an improved understanding of fluid and material behavior in a reduced gravity environment.