%0 Book %A National Research Council %T Priorities for GEOINT Research at the National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency %@ 978-0-309-10149-3 %D 2006 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/11601/priorities-for-geoint-research-at-the-national-geospatial-intelligence-agency %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/11601/priorities-for-geoint-research-at-the-national-geospatial-intelligence-agency %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Conflict and Security Issues %P 114 %0 Book %A National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine %T Acquisition Strategies for Future Space-Based Optics: Unclassified Summary %D 2019 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/25337/acquisition-strategies-for-future-space-based-optics-unclassified-summary %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/25337/acquisition-strategies-for-future-space-based-optics-unclassified-summary %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Conflict and Security Issues %K Space and Aeronautics %P 13 %X This study originated with congressionally directed language from the House Permanent Select Committee for Intelligence (HPSCI) in 2016 and titled “Acquisition Strategies for Future Space Based Optics”. This publication is an unclassified summary of the classified report. %0 Book %A National Research Council %E Haller, Norm %T Summary of a Workshop on the Future of Antennas %@ 978-0-309-26686-4 %D 2012 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/13540/summary-of-a-workshop-on-the-future-of-antennas %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/13540/summary-of-a-workshop-on-the-future-of-antennas %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Computers and Information Technology %P 29 %X The Workshop on the Future of Antennas was the second of three workshops conducted by the National Research Council's Committee for Science and Technology Challenges to U.S. National Security Interests. The objectives of the workshop were to review trends in advanced antenna research and design, review trends in commercials and military use of advanced antennas that enable improved communication, data transfer, soldier health monitoring, and other overt and covert methods of standoff data collection. The first day's sessions, consisting of five presentations and discussions on antennas and wireless communications and control, were open to committee members, staff, guests, and members of the public. The second day was a data-gathering session addressing vulnerabilities, indicators, and observables; presentations and discussions during this session included classified material and were not open to the public. The committee's role was limited to planning and convening the workshop. This report is organized by topic in the order of presentation and discussion at the workshop. For Day 1 the topics were Future of Antennas, Commercial State of the Art of Wireless Communications and Control, Military State of the Art of Wireless Communications and Control, and Future Trends in Antenna Design and Wireless Communications and Control. For Day 2 the topics were Vulnerabilities of Ubiquitous Antennas, and Indicators and Observables, followed by a wrap-up discussion. Summary of a Workshop on the Future of Antennas describes what happened at the workshop. %0 Book %A National Research Council %T Big Data: A Workshop Report %@ 978-0-309-26688-8 %D 2012 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/13541/big-data-a-workshop-report %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/13541/big-data-a-workshop-report %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Computers and Information Technology %K Policy for Science and Technology %P 34 %X In 2012, the Defense Intelligence Agency (DIA) approached the National Research Council's TIGER standing committee and asked it to develop a list of workshop topics to explore the impact of emerging science and technology. From the list of topics given to DIA, three were chosen to be developed by the Committee for Science and Technology Challenges to U.S. National Security Interests. The first in a series of three workshops was held on April 23-24, 2012. This report summarizes that first workshop which explored the phenomenon known as big data. The objective for the first workshop is given in the statement of task, which explains that that workshop will review emerging capabilities in large computational data to include speed, data fusion, use, and commodification of data used in decision making. The workshop will also review the subsequent increase in vulnerabilities over the capabilities gained and the significance to national security. The committee devised an agenda that helped the committee, sponsors, and workshop attendees probe issues of national security related to so-called big data, as well as gain understanding of potential related vulnerabilities. The workshop was used to gather data that is described in this report, which presents views expressed by individual workshop participants. Big Data: A Workshop Report is the first in a series of three workshops, held in early 2012 to further the ongoing engagement among the National Research Council's (NRC's) Technology Insight-Gauge, Evaluate, and Review (TIGER) Standing Committee, the scientific and technical intelligence (S&TI) community, and the consumers of S&TI products. %0 Book %A National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine %T Acquisition Strategies for Future Space-Based Optics Follow On Letter Report: Unclassified Summary %D 2023 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/27148/acquisition-strategies-for-future-space-based-optics-follow-on-letter-report %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/27148/acquisition-strategies-for-future-space-based-optics-follow-on-letter-report %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Space and Aeronautics %P 14 %X In December 2020, the National Reconnaissance Offices Geospatial Intelligence Directorate asked the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine to review the advancements and changes that have occurred since the production of the classified consensus study Acquisition Strategies for Future Space Based Optics in 2018. The resulting letter report and its contents are classified and cannot be summarized here. This publication is the unclassified summary of that report. %0 Book %E Thursby, Jerry %E Thursby, Marie %T Here or There?: A Survey of Factors in Multinational R&D Location -- Report to the Government-University-Industry Research Roundtable %@ 978-0-309-10184-4 %D 2006 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/11675/here-or-there-a-survey-of-factors-in-multinational-rd %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/11675/here-or-there-a-survey-of-factors-in-multinational-rd %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Industry and Labor %K Policy for Science and Technology %P 48 %X In this report to the Government-University-Industry Research Roundtable, authors Jerry Thursby and Marie Thursby summarize their research on the globalization of corporate R&D. The authors surveyed 200 multinational companies about recent and future R&D location decisions, and the factors influencing those decisions. The survey confirms that China and India are primary targets of R&D expansion, but this trend does not yet portend a "hollowing out" of R&D capability in the United States. R&D location decisions are complex and driven by a variety of factors, including the potential for market growth, the quality of R&D personnel, and the environment for collaborating with universities. The cost of research, while important, is not the primary factor in siting decisions. %0 Book %A National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine %E Maitin-Shepard, Melissa %T Building a More Sustainable, Resilient, Equitable, and Nourishing Food System: Proceedings of a Workshop %@ 978-0-309-67885-8 %D 2021 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/25832/building-a-more-sustainable-resilient-equitable-and-nourishing-food-system %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/25832/building-a-more-sustainable-resilient-equitable-and-nourishing-food-system %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Food and Nutrition %P 84 %X The Food Forum of the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine hosted a virtual workshop on July 22-23, 2020 that explored integration of the health, societal, economic, and environmental effects and future needs of the food system. The main objective of the workshop was to understand how to achieve a more sustainable, resilient, equitable, and nourishing food system. The workshop covered a number of topics, including new expectations for the food system within three dimensions of the food system (vulnerabilities, resiliency, and transformation). Discussions also covered global change, access to nutritious food, resiliency in complex dynamic systems and resiliency for the future, and consumption- and production-oriented strategies for transforming the food system. This publication summarizes the presentations and discussions from the workshop. %0 Book %A National Research Council %T Intelligence Analysis for Tomorrow: Advances from the Behavioral and Social Sciences %@ 978-0-309-16342-2 %D 2011 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/13040/intelligence-analysis-for-tomorrow-advances-from-the-behavioral-and-social %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/13040/intelligence-analysis-for-tomorrow-advances-from-the-behavioral-and-social %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Behavioral and Social Sciences %K Conflict and Security Issues %P 116 %X The intelligence community (IC) plays an essential role in the national security of the United States. Decision makers rely on IC analyses and predictions to reduce uncertainty and to provide warnings about everything from international diplomatic relations to overseas conflicts. In today's complex and rapidly changing world, it is more important than ever that analytic products be accurate and timely. Recognizing that need, the IC has been actively seeking ways to improve its performance and expand its capabilities. In 2008, the Office of the Director of National Intelligence (ODNI) asked the National Research Council (NRC) to establish a committee to synthesize and assess evidence from the behavioral and social sciences relevant to analytic methods and their potential application for the U.S. intelligence community. In Intelligence Analysis for Tomorrow: Advances from the Behavioral and Social Sciences, the NRC offers the Director of National Intelligence (DNI) recommendations to address many of the IC's challenges. Intelligence Analysis for Tomorrow asserts that one of the most important things that the IC can learn from the behavioral and social sciences is how to characterize and evaluate its analytic assumptions, methods, technologies, and management practices. Behavioral and social scientific knowledge can help the IC to understand and improve all phases of the analytic cycle: how to recruit, select, train, and motivate analysts; how to master and deploy the most suitable analytic methods; how to organize the day-to-day work of analysts, as individuals and teams; and how to communicate with its customers. The report makes five broad recommendations which offer practical ways to apply the behavioral and social sciences, which will bring the IC substantial immediate and longer-term benefits with modest costs and minimal disruption. %0 Book %A National Research Council %E Talmage, Daniel %T Future of Battlespace Situational Awareness: A Workshop Summary %@ 978-0-309-28624-4 %D 2013 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/18353/future-of-battlespace-situational-awareness-a-workshop-summary %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/18353/future-of-battlespace-situational-awareness-a-workshop-summary %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Conflict and Security Issues %P 28 %X Future Battlespace Situational Awareness is the third workshop in an ongoing series of workshops conducted by the National Research Council's Committee for Science and Technology Challenges to U.S. National Security Interests. The first two workshops looked at individual technologies related to "big" data and future antennas and provided context for the topic addressed in the third workshop—the planning of a future warfare scenario. The objectives for the third workshop were to review technologies that enable battlespace situational awareness 10-20 years into the future for red and blue forces; and emphasize the capabilities within air, land, sea, space, and cyberspace. The workshop was held on May 30-31, 2012, in Suffolk, Virginia, at the Lockheed Martin Center for Innovation. The sessions were not open to the public because they involved discussions of classified material, including data addressing vulnerabilities, indicators, and observables. This series of workshops address U.S. and foreign research, why S&T applications of technologies in development are important in the context of military capabilities, and what critical scientific breakthroughs are needed to achieve advances in the fields of interest— focusing detailed attention on specific developments in the foregoing fields that might have national security implications for the United States. These workshops also consider methodology to track the relevant technology landscape for the future. The three workshops feature invited presentations and panelists and include discussions on a selected topic including themes relating to defense warning and surprise. Future of Battlespace Situational Awareness summarizes the third workshop. %0 Book %A Institute of Medicine %T Scientists and Human Rights in Guatemala: Report of a Delegation %@ 978-0-309-04793-7 %D 1992 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/2038/scientists-and-human-rights-in-guatemala-report-of-a-delegation %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/2038/scientists-and-human-rights-in-guatemala-report-of-a-delegation %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Behavioral and Social Sciences %P 80 %X Roughly 40 thousand people have been killed or made to "disappear" for political reasons in Guatemala during the last 30 years. Despite vows and some genuine efforts by the current government, human rights abuses and political killings continue. Scientists and Human Rights in Guatemala presents a history of the violence and the research findings and conclusions of a 1992 delegation to Guatemala. The focus of the book is on the human rights concerns and the responses of the government and military authorities to those concerns. Background and status of an investigation into the political murder of an eminent Guatemalan anthropologist is presented along with an overview of the impact of the repression on universities, research institutions, and service and human rights organizations. %0 Book %A National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine %T Pathways to Urban Sustainability: Challenges and Opportunities for the United States %@ 978-0-309-44453-8 %D 2016 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/23551/pathways-to-urban-sustainability-challenges-and-opportunities-for-the-united %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/23551/pathways-to-urban-sustainability-challenges-and-opportunities-for-the-united %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Environment and Environmental Studies %P 192 %X Cities have experienced an unprecedented rate of growth in the last decade. More than half the world’s population lives in urban areas, with the U.S. percentage at 80 percent. Cities have captured more than 80 percent of the globe’s economic activity and offered social mobility and economic prosperity to millions by clustering creative, innovative, and educated individuals and organizations. Clustering populations, however, can compound both positive and negative conditions, with many modern urban areas experiencing growing inequality, debility, and environmental degradation. The spread and continued growth of urban areas presents a number of concerns for a sustainable future, particularly if cities cannot adequately address the rise of poverty, hunger, resource consumption, and biodiversity loss in their borders. Intended as a comparative illustration of the types of urban sustainability pathways and subsequent lessons learned existing in urban areas, this study examines specific examples that cut across geographies and scales and that feature a range of urban sustainability challenges and opportunities for collaborative learning across metropolitan regions. It focuses on nine cities across the United States and Canada (Los Angeles, CA, New York City, NY, Philadelphia, PA, Pittsburgh, PA, Grand Rapids, MI, Flint, MI, Cedar Rapids, IA, Chattanooga, TN, and Vancouver, Canada), chosen to represent a variety of metropolitan regions, with consideration given to city size, proximity to coastal and other waterways, susceptibility to hazards, primary industry, and several other factors. %0 Book %A National Research Council %T Bulk Collection of Signals Intelligence: Technical Options %@ 978-0-309-32520-2 %D 2015 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/19414/bulk-collection-of-signals-intelligence-technical-options %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/19414/bulk-collection-of-signals-intelligence-technical-options %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Computers and Information Technology %P 124 %X The Bulk Collection of Signals Intelligence: Technical Options study is a result of an activity called for in Presidential Policy Directive 28 (PPD-28), issued by President Obama in January 2014, to evaluate U.S. signals intelligence practices. The directive instructed the Office of the Director of National Intelligence (ODNI) to produce a report within one year "assessing the feasibility of creating software that would allow the intelligence community more easily to conduct targeted information acquisition rather than bulk collection." ODNI asked the National Research Council (NRC) -- the operating arm of the National Academy of Sciences and National Academy of Engineering -- to conduct a study, which began in June 2014, to assist in preparing a response to the President. Over the ensuing months, a committee of experts appointed by the Research Council produced the report. %0 Book %A Institute of Medicine %E Buckley, Gillian J. %E Lange, John E. %E Peterson, E. Anne %T Investing in Global Health Systems: Sustaining Gains, Transforming Lives %@ 978-0-309-31169-4 %D 2014 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/18940/investing-in-global-health-systems-sustaining-gains-transforming-lives %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/18940/investing-in-global-health-systems-sustaining-gains-transforming-lives %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Health and Medicine %P 136 %X The United States has been a generous sponsor of global health programs for the past 25 years or more. This investment has contributed to meaningful changes, especially for women and children, who suffer the brunt of the world's disease and disability. Development experts have long debated the relative merits of vertical health programming, targeted to a specific service or patient group, and horizontal programming, supporting more comprehensive care. The U.S. government has invested heavily in vertical programs, most notably through the President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR), its flagship initiative for HIV and AIDS. PEPFAR and programs like it have met with good success. Protecting these successes and continuing progress in the future depends on the judicious integration of vertical programs with local health systems. A strong health system is the best insurance developing countries can have against a disease burden that is shifting rapidly and in ways that history has not prepared us for. Reaching the poor with development assistance is an increasingly complicated task. The majority of the roughly 1 billion people living in dire poverty are in middle-income countries, where foreign assistance is not necessarily needed or welcome. Many of the rest live in fragile states, where political volatility and weak infrastructure make it difficult to use aid effectively. The poorest people in the world are also the sickest; they are most exposed to disease vectors and infection. Nevertheless, they are less likely to access health services. Improving their lot means removing the systemic barriers that keep the most vulnerable people from gaining such access. Investing in Global Health Systems discusses the past and future of global health. First, the report gives context by laying out broad trends in global health. Next, it discusses the timeliness of American investment in health systems abroad and explains how functional health systems support health, encourage prosperity, and advance global security. Lastly, it lays out, in broad terms, an effective donor strategy for health, suggesting directions for both the manner and substance of foreign aid given. The challenge of the future of aid programming is to sustain the successes of the past 25 years, while reducing dependence on foreign aid. Investing in Global Health Systems aims to help government decision makers assess the rapidly changing social and economic situation in developing countries and its implications for effective development assistance. This report explains how health systems improvements can lead to better health, reduce poverty, and make donor investment in health sustainable. %0 Book %A National Research Council %T Avoiding Technology Surprise for Tomorrow's Warfighter: Symposium 2010 %@ 978-0-309-15568-7 %D 2010 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/12919/avoiding-technology-surprise-for-tomorrows-warfighter-symposium-2010 %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/12919/avoiding-technology-surprise-for-tomorrows-warfighter-symposium-2010 %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Conflict and Security Issues %P 62 %X The Symposium on Avoiding Technology Surprise for Tomorrow's Warfighter is a forum for consumers and producers of scientific and technical intelligence to exchange perspectives on the potential sources of emerging or disruptive technologies and behaviors, with the goal of improving the Department of Defense's technological warning capability. This volume summarizes the key themes identified in the second and most recent symposium, a two-day event held in Suffolk, Virginia, on April 28 and 29, 2010. The symposium combined presentations highlighting cutting-edge technology topics with facilitated discourse among all participants. Three categories of surprise were identified: breakthroughs in product and process technology, new uses of existing technology, and the unexpectedly rapid progression of a technology to operational use. The incorporation of an adversary's own culture, history, beliefs, and value systems into analyses also emerged in discussions as an important factor in reducing surprise. %0 Book %A National Research Council %T Globalization of Materials R&D: Time for a National Strategy %@ 978-0-309-09603-4 %D 2005 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/11395/globalization-of-materials-rd-time-for-a-national-strategy %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/11395/globalization-of-materials-rd-time-for-a-national-strategy %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Engineering and Technology %P 216 %X Materials Science and Engineering (MSE) R&D is spreading globally at an accelerating rate. As a result, the relative U.S. position in a number of MSE subfields is in a state of flux. To understand better this trend and its implications for the U.S. economy and national security, the Department of Defense (DOD) asked the NRC to assess the status and impacts of the global spread of MSE R&D. This report presents a discussion of drivers affecting U.S. companies' decisions about location of MSE R&D, an analysis of impacts on the U.S. economy and national security, and recommendations to ensure continued U.S. access to critical MSE R&D. %0 Book %A National Academy of Sciences %A National Academy of Engineering %A Institute of Medicine %E Wiesel, Torsten %E Corillon, Carol %T Guatemala: Human Rights and the Myrna Mack Case %@ 978-0-309-08916-6 %D 2003 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/10691/guatemala-human-rights-and-the-myrna-mack-case %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/10691/guatemala-human-rights-and-the-myrna-mack-case %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Behavioral and Social Sciences %P 53 %X Two members of the Committee on Human Rights (CHR), NAS member Mary Jane West-Eberhard and NAS/NAE member Morton Panish, undertook a mission to Guatemala to observe the trial of two high-level Guatemalan military officials who were charged with ordering the murder of Guatemalan anthropologist Myrna Mack. She was stabbed to death in 1990, two days after a report for which she was principal researcher, "Assistance and Control: Policies Toward Internally Displaced Populations in Guatemala," was published by the Georgetown University Press. Ms. Mack had been doing research on and writing about the unjust treatment of the internally displaced people in Guatemala. Thirteen years after Ms. Mack's murder—after the case had gone through dozens of courts and countless delays—a general and colonel in the Guatemalan military intelligence apparatus were brought to trial, and one was convicted. This marked the first time in Guatemalan history that a high-level military official had been brought to justice for atrocities he committed during Guatemala's 30-year civil war. This report summarizes the one-month trial proceedings. %0 Book %A National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine %E Graig, Laurene %E Soohoo, Elaine %E Alper, Joe %T Financing and Payment Strategies to Support High-Quality Care for People with Serious Illness: Proceedings of a Workshop %@ 978-0-309-47444-3 %D 2018 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/25071/financing-and-payment-strategies-to-support-high-quality-care-for-people-with-serious-illness %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/25071/financing-and-payment-strategies-to-support-high-quality-care-for-people-with-serious-illness %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Health and Medicine %P 94 %X Millions of people in the United States live with serious illnesses such as cancer, heart disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder (COPD), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Parkinson’s disease, and dementia—often for many years. Those facing serious illness have a range of interconnected medical and non-medical needs, and the way their care is financed has a large impact on the care they receive. Medicare is the predominant payer, but both Medicaid and private payers also play significant roles in financing care for serious illness. In an effort to address the complex needs of people with serious illness, public and private health care payers are testing innovative financing strategies and alternative payment models. These innovative approaches signal a gradual transition from the traditional-fee-for-service system that pays providers based on the quantity of services to a system based on the value of care provided and a heightened focus on improved quality of care at lower cost. To explore this evolving financing and payment landscape for serious illness care within public- and private-sector programs, the Roundtable on Quality Care for People with Serious Illness developed a workshop, Financing and Payment Strategies to Support High-Quality Care for People with Serious Illness. The workshop convened clinicians, researchers, policy analysts, and patient advocates, as well as representatives from academia, government and private health care plans, and insurers to discuss challenges and opportunities in financing high-quality care for people with serious illness. This publication summarizes the presentations and discussions from the workshop. %0 Book %A National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine %T A Decadal Survey of the Social and Behavioral Sciences: A Research Agenda for Advancing Intelligence Analysis: Digest Version %D 2019 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/25648/a-decadal-survey-of-the-social-and-behavioral-sciences-a %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/25648/a-decadal-survey-of-the-social-and-behavioral-sciences-a %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Behavioral and Social Sciences %P 38 %X The Digest Version of A Decadal Survey of the Social and Behavioral Sciences: A Research Agenda for Advancing Intelligence Analysis summarizes the most important ideas from the full report for the Intelligence Community to consider in the coming decade. This volume provides an overview of the primary opportunities that research in the social and behavioral sciences offers for strengthening national security, specifically the work of the intelligence analyst, and the conclusions and recommendations of the Committee on a Decadal Survey of Social and Behavioral Sciences for Applications to National Survey. This digest version is a succinct roadmap to the critical contribution researchers from these fields make to national security. %0 Book %A Transportation Research Board %A National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine %T Transit Security Update %D 2008 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/23058/transit-security-update %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/23058/transit-security-update %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Transportation and Infrastructure %P 152 %X TRB's Transit Cooperative Research Program (TCRP) Synthesis 80: Transit Security Update explores transit-related counterterrorism and anti-crime security measures and practices; examines crime and security incident trends; and highlights other related topics, including major issues and obstacles to security and policing management. The report is an update to TCRP Synthesis of Transit Practice 21: Improving Transit Security, which did not address terrorism. %0 Book %A National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine %T The Role of State Governments in Economic Development and R&D Competitiveness: Proceedings of a Workshop–in Brief %D 2018 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/25022/the-role-of-state-governments-in-economic-development-and-rd-competitiveness %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/25022/the-role-of-state-governments-in-economic-development-and-rd-competitiveness %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Industry and Labor %P 8 %X Federal investments in research and development have historically supported the security of the nation, the protection of public health and the environment, the growth of new industries, and the employment of millions of Americans. However, proposed cuts to federal support and policy guidance could encourage more state governments to take on new or larger roles in developing innovation policy priorities. On October 17 and 18, 2017, the Government-University-Industry Research Roundtable held a meeting to consider how federal R&D policies affect states, and how state governments’ roles in shaping local and regional innovation ecosystems will affect national R&D competitiveness and economic growth. Speakers also discussed the ways in which economic development efforts in states and regions drive innovation and economic growth. This publication briefly summarizes the presentations and discussions from the meeting.