@BOOK{NAP author = "National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine", title = "Biodiversity at Risk: Today's Choices Matter", isbn = "978-0-309-27310-7", abstract = "A growing body of evidence has sounded the alarm that the biodiversity that supports and sustains life on Earth is at risk. Habitat destruction, resource exploitation, and climate change are among the many stressors that have put 1 million species under threat of extinction and sharply reduced the populations of many plant and animal species. While researchers and global leaders ramp up efforts to address this existential threat, the significance of species loss and the value of preserving biodiversity is not widely recognized by policy makers or the public. This booklet, produced by an international committee of experts, provides a publicly accessible overview of the many dimensions of biodiversity and why it's vital to the health of all life on the planet. The booklet also examines the causes of biodiversity loss and presents actions that can be taken from the individual to the global level to stop this decline.", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/26384/biodiversity-at-risk-todays-choices-matter", year = 2022, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP title = "Monitoring Southern California's Coastal Waters", isbn = "978-0-309-04327-4", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/1607/monitoring-southern-californias-coastal-waters", year = 1990, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine", editor = "Alina Baciu and Kathleen Stratton", title = "Protecting the Health and Well-Being of Communities in a Changing Climate: Proceedings of a Workshop—in Brief", abstract = "On March 13, 2017, the Roundtable on Environmental Health Sciences, Research, and Medicine and the Roundtable on Population Health Improvement held a 1-day public workshop at the National Academy of Sciences building in Washington, DC. Participants discussed regional, state, and local efforts to mitigate and adapt to health challenges arising from climate change, ranging from heat to rising water. This publication summarizes the presentations and discussions from the workshop.", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/24797/protecting-the-health-and-well-being-of-communities-in-a-changing-climate", year = 2017, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP title = "A Review of the Accomplishments and Plans of the NOAA Coastal Ocean Program", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/9260/a-review-of-the-accomplishments-and-plans-of-the-noaa-coastal-ocean-program", year = 1994, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP title = "Arctic Contributions to Social Science and Public Policy", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/9556/arctic-contributions-to-social-science-and-public-policy", year = 1993, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "National Research Council", title = "Understanding Climate's Influence on Human Evolution", isbn = "978-0-309-14838-2", abstract = "The hominin fossil record documents a history of critical evolutionary events that have ultimately shaped and defined what it means to be human, including the origins of bipedalism; the emergence of our genus Homo; the first use of stone tools; increases in brain size; and the emergence of Homo sapiens, tools, and culture. The Earth's geological record suggests that some evolutionary events were coincident with substantial changes in African and Eurasian climate, raising the possibility that critical junctures in human evolution and behavioral development may have been affected by the environmental characteristics of the areas where hominins evolved. Understanding Climate's Change on Human Evolution explores the opportunities of using scientific research to improve our understanding of how climate may have helped shape our species.\n\nImproved climate records for specific regions will be required before it is possible to evaluate how critical resources for hominins, especially water and vegetation, would have been distributed on the landscape during key intervals of hominin history. Existing records contain substantial temporal gaps. The book's initiatives are presented in two major research themes: first, determining the impacts of climate change and climate variability on human evolution and dispersal; and second, integrating climate modeling, environmental records, and biotic responses.\n\nUnderstanding Climate's Change on Human Evolution suggests a new scientific program for international climate and human evolution studies that involve an exploration initiative to locate new fossil sites and to broaden the geographic and temporal sampling of the fossil and archeological record; a comprehensive and integrative scientific drilling program in lakes, lake bed outcrops, and ocean basins surrounding the regions where hominins evolved and a major investment in climate modeling experiments for key time intervals and regions that are critical to understanding human evolution.\n ", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/12825/understanding-climates-influence-on-human-evolution", year = 2010, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "National Research Council", title = "Ecological Impacts of Climate Change", isbn = "978-0-309-12710-3", abstract = "The world's climate is changing, and it will continue to change throughout the 21st century and beyond. Rising temperatures, new precipitation patterns, and other changes are already affecting many aspects of human society and the natural world.\nIn this book, the National Research Council provides a broad overview of the ecological impacts of climate change, and a series of examples of impacts of different kinds. The book was written as a basis for a forthcoming illustrated booklet, designed to provide the public with accurate scientific information on this important subject. \n ", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/12491/ecological-impacts-of-climate-change", year = 2008, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine", editor = "Leslie Pray", title = "Protecting the Health and Well-Being of Communities in a Changing Climate: Proceedings of a Workshop", isbn = "978-0-309-46345-4", abstract = "On March 13, 2017, the Roundtable on Environmental Health Sciences, Research, and Medicine and the Roundtable on Population Health Improvement jointly convened a 1-day public workshop in Washington, DC, to explore potential strategies for public health, environmental health, health care, and related stakeholders to help communities and regions to address and mitigate the health effects of climate change. Participants discussed the perspectives of civic, government, business, and health-sector leaders, and existing research, best practices, and examples that inform stakeholders and practitioners on approaches to support mitigation of and adaptation to climate change and its effects on population health. This publication summarizes the presentations and discussions from the workshop.", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/24846/protecting-the-health-and-well-being-of-communities-in-a-changing-climate", year = 2018, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "National Research Council", title = "A Geospatial Framework for the Coastal Zone: National Needs for Coastal Mapping and Charting", isbn = "978-0-309-09176-3", abstract = "The coastal zone is of enormous importance to the well-being of the nation, as our lives and economy are inextricably linked to the features and activities that occur within this dynamic region. In order to understand and address the effects of natural and anthropogenic forces in the coastal zone, a holistic multidisciplinary framework is required to account for the interconnectivity of processes within the system. The foundation of this framework is accurate geospatial information\u2014information that is depicted on maps and charts. \n\nA Geospatial Framework for the Coastal Zone National Needs identifies and suggests mechanisms for addressing national needs for spatial information in the coastal zone. It identifies high priority needs, evaluates the potential for meeting those needs based on the current level of effort, and suggests steps to increase collaboration and ensure that the nation's need for spatial information in the coastal zone is met in an efficient and timely manner. \n", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/10947/a-geospatial-framework-for-the-coastal-zone-national-needs-for", year = 2004, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "National Research Council", title = "Drawing Louisiana's New Map: Addressing Land Loss in Coastal Louisiana", isbn = "978-0-309-10054-0", abstract = "During the past 50 years, coastal Louisiana has suffered catastrophic land loss due to both natural and human causes. This loss has increased storm vulnerability and amplified risks to lives, property, and economies--a fact underscored by Hurricanes Katrina and Rita. Drawing Louisiana's New Map reviews a restoration plan proposed by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers and the State of Louisiana, finding that, although the individual projects in the study are scientifically sound, there should be more and larger scale projects that provide a comprehensive approach to addressing land loss over such a large area. More importantly, the study should be guided by a detailed map of the expected future landscape of coastal Louisiana that is developed from agreed upon goals for the region and the nation.", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/11476/drawing-louisianas-new-map-addressing-land-loss-in-coastal-louisiana", year = 2006, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "National Research Council", title = "Endangered and Threatened Species of the Platte River", isbn = "978-0-309-09230-2", abstract = "The tension between wildlife protection under the Endangered Species Act and\nwater management in the Platte River Basin has existed for more than 25 years. The\nPlatte River provides important habitat for migratory and breeding birds, including\nthree endangered or threatened species: the whooping crane, the northern Great\nPlains population of the piping plover, and the interior least tern. The leading factors\nattributed to the decline of the cranes are historical overhunting and widespread\nhabitat destruction and, for the plovers and terns, human interference during\nnesting and the loss of riverine nesting sites in open sandy areas that have been\nreplaced with woodlands, sand and gravel mines, housing, and roadways. Extensive\ndamming has disrupted passage of the endangered pallid sturgeon and resulted in\nless suitable habitat conditions such as cooler stream flows, less turbid waters, and\ninconsistent flow regimes. Commercial harvesting, now illegal, also contributed to\nthe decline of the sturgeon.\n\nEndangered and Threatened Species of the Platte River addresses the habitat requirements\nfor these federally protected species. The book further examines the scientific\naspects of the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service\u2019s instream-flow recommendations and\nhabitat suitability guidelines and assesses the science concerning the connections\namong the physical systems of the river as they relate to species\u2019 habitats.", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/10978/endangered-and-threatened-species-of-the-platte-river", year = 2005, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "National Research Council", title = "Ecological Dynamics on Yellowstone's Northern Range", isbn = "978-0-309-08345-4", abstract = "Ecological Dynamics on Yellowstone\u2019s Northern Range discusses the complex management challenges in Yellowstone National Park. Controversy over the National Park Service\u2019s approach of \"natural regulation\" has heightened in recent years because of changes in vegetation and other ecosystem components in Yellowstone's northern range. Natural regulation minimizes human impacts, including management intervention by the National Park Service, on the park ecosystem. Many have attributed these changes to increased size of elk and other ungulate herds.\nThis report examines the evidence that increased ungulate populations are responsible for the changes in vegetation and that the changes represent a major and serious change in the Yellowstone ecosystem. According to the authors, any human intervention to protect species such as the aspen and those that depend on them should be prudently localized rather than ecosystem-wide. An ecosystem--wide approach, such as reducing ungulate populations, could be more disruptive. The report concludes that although dramatic ecological change does not appear to be imminent, approaches to dealing with potential human--caused changes in the ecosystem, including those related to climate change, should be considered now. The need for research and public education is also compelling.\n", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/10328/ecological-dynamics-on-yellowstones-northern-range", year = 2002, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "Transportation Research Board and National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine", title = "Performance Measurement Framework for Highway Capacity Decision Making", abstract = "TRB\u2019s second Strategic Highway Research Program (SHRP 2) Report S2-C02-RR: Performance Measurement Framework for Highway Capacity Decision Making explores a performance measurement framework that is designed to support the collaborative decision-making framework (CDMF) for additions to highway capacity being developed under the SHRP 2 Capacity research program. The report examines five broad areas of performance including transportation, environment, economics, community, and cost. Under these headings, the report identifies 17 performance factors, each of which are linked to key decision points in the CDMF.", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/14255/performance-measurement-framework-for-highway-capacity-decision-making", year = 2009, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "Transportation Research Board and National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine", editor = "Russell P. DeFusco and Edward T. Unangst, Jr. and Timothy R. Cooley and Joanne M. Landry", title = "Applying an SMS Approach to Wildlife Hazard Management", abstract = "TRB\u2019s Airport Cooperative Research Program (ACRP) Report 145: Applying an SMS Approach to Wildlife Hazard Management introduces and guides the application of a risk-based approach to wildlife hazard management (WHM) programs and outlines additional steps for integrating programs into an airport\u2019s Safety Management System (SMS).This report also provides a customizable tool, which is available as a CD-ROM. The tool includes:A summary of existing database wildlife hazard descriptionsNumerical values for hazard severity and likelihood by species, derived from the FAA Wildlife Strike DatabaseAn electronic or manual risk analysis template, which includes the incorporation of variables on or off the airportThe CD-ROM is also available for download from TRB\u2019s website as an ISO image. Links to the ISO image and instructions for burning a CD-ROM from an ISO image are provided below.Help on Burning an .ISO CD-ROM ImageDownload the .ISO CD-ROM Image(Warning: This is a large file and may take some time to download using a high-speed connection.)CD-ROM Disclaimer - This software is offered as is, without warranty or promise of support of any kind either expressed or implied. Under no circumstance will the National Academy of Sciences or the Transportation Research Board (collectively \"TRB\") be liable for any loss or damage caused by the installation or operation of this product. TRB makes no representation or warranty of any kind, expressed or implied, in fact or in law, including without limitation, the warranty of merchantability or the warranty of fitness for a particular purpose, and shall not in any case be liable for any consequential or special damages.", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/22091/applying-an-sms-approach-to-wildlife-hazard-management", year = 2015, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "National Research Council", title = "Sustainable Water and Environmental Management in the California Bay-Delta", isbn = "978-0-309-25619-3", abstract = "Extensively modified over the last century and a half, California's San Francisco Bay Delta Estuary remains biologically diverse and functions as a central element in California's water supply system. Uncertainties about the future, actions taken under the federal Endangered Species Act (ESA) and companion California statues, and lawsuits have led to conflict concerning the timing and amount of water that can be diverted from the Delta for agriculture, municipal, and industrial purposes and concerning how much water is needed to protect the Delta ecosystem and its component species.\nSustainable Water and Environmental Management in the California Bay-Delta focuses on scientific questions, assumptions, and conclusions underlying water-management alternatives and reviews the initial public draft of the Bay Delta Conservation Plan in terms of adequacy of its use of science and adaptive management. In addition, this report identifies the factors that may be contributing to the decline of federally listed species, recommend future water-supple and delivery options that reflect proper consideration of climate change and compatibility with objectives of maintaining a sustainable Bay-Delta ecosystem, advises what degree of restoration of the Delta system is likely to be attainable, and provides metrics that can be used by resource managers to measure progress toward restoration goals.", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/13394/sustainable-water-and-environmental-management-in-the-california-bay-delta", year = 2012, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "Transportation Research Board and National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine", editor = "Road Ecology Center & Department of Environmental Science and Policy, University of California", title = "California Pilot Test of the Ecological Approaches to Environmental Protection Developed in Capacity Research Projects C06A and C06B", abstract = "TRB\u2019s second Strategic Highway Research Program (SHRP 2) has released a report that describes the result of a pilot test of the Integrated Ecological Framework (IEF) on the corridor planning study for Highway 37 in the San Francisco Bay Area.The IEF was developed in SHRP 2 Projects C06A (Integration of Conservation, Highway Planning, and Environmental Permitting Using an Outcome-Based Ecosystem Approach) and C06B (Integration of Conservation, Highway Planning, and Environmental Permitting Through Development of an Outcome-Based Ecosystem-Scale Approach and Corresponding Credit System). The IEF is available on the Transportation for Communities\u2014Advancing Projects through Partnerships (TCAPP) website. TCAPP is now known as PlanWorks.Other pilot tests were conducted in Colorado, Oregon, and West Virginia.", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/22491/california-pilot-test-of-the-ecological-approaches-to-environmental-protection-developed-in-capacity-research-projects-c06a-and-c06b", year = 2013, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine", editor = "Franklin Carrero-Martínez and Jennifer Saunders and Emi Kameyama", title = "Global Food Security and Sustainability Implications of the Ukraine Conflict: Proceedings of a Workshop—in Brief", abstract = "On June 1, 2022, the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine convened a public workshop to discuss global food security challenges arising from the Ukraine conflict and possible approaches to address these challenges. The workshop focused on short-term responses to the current crisis, opportunities for international collaborations, and how the crisis could impact U.S. national security interests in a changing climate, including the relationships between agricultural production, climate change, and security. Discussions also addressed connections among areas such as agricultural production, land use, energy, water, health, and biodiversity critical to promoting long term sustainability. This publication highlights the presentations and discussion of the workshop.", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/26754/global-food-security-and-sustainability-implications-of-the-ukraine-conflict", year = 2022, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "National Research Council", title = "Issues in Risk Assessment", isbn = "978-0-309-04786-9", abstract = "The scientific basis, inference assumptions, regulatory uses, and research needs in risk assessment are considered in this two-part volume.\nThe first part, Use of Maximum Tolerated Dose in Animal Bioassays for Carcinogenicity, focuses on whether the maximum tolerated dose should continue to be used in carcinogenesis bioassays. The committee considers several options for modifying current bioassay procedures.\nThe second part, Two-Stage Models of Carcinogenesis, stems from efforts to identify improved means of cancer risk assessment that have resulted in the development of a mathematical dose-response model based on a paradigm for the biologic phenomena thought to be associated with carcinogenesis.", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/2078/issues-in-risk-assessment", year = 1993, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "National Research Council", title = "Frontiers in Understanding Climate Change and Polar Ecosystems: Report of a Workshop", isbn = "978-0-309-21087-4", abstract = "The polar regions are experiencing rapid changes in climate. These changes are causing observable ecological impacts of various types and degrees of severity at all ecosystem levels, including society. Even larger changes and more significant impacts are anticipated. As species respond to changing environments over time, their interactions with the physical world and other organisms can also change. This chain of interactions can trigger cascades of impacts throughout entire ecosystems. Evaluating the interrelated physical, chemical, biological, and societal components of polar ecosystems is essential to understanding their vulnerability and resilience to climate forcing.\nThe Polar Research Board (PRB) organized a workshop to address these issues. Experts gathered from a variety of disciplines with knowledge of both the Arctic and Antarctic regions. Participants were challenged to consider what is currently known about climate change and polar ecosystems and to identify the next big questions in the field. A set of interdisciplinary \"frontier questions\" emerged from the workshop discussions as important topics to be addressed in the coming decades. To begin to address these questions, workshop participants discussed the need for holistic, interdisciplinary systems approach to understanding polar ecosystem responses to climate change. As an outcome of the workshop, participants brainstormed methods and technologies that are crucial to advance the understanding of polar ecosystems and to promote the next generation of polar research. These include new and emerging technologies, sustained long-term observations, data synthesis and management, and data dissemination and outreach.", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/13132/frontiers-in-understanding-climate-change-and-polar-ecosystems-report-of", year = 2011, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP title = "A Review of the Biomonitoring of Environmental Status and Trends Program: The Draft Detailed Program", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/9158/a-review-of-the-biomonitoring-of-environmental-status-and-trends-program", year = 1995, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" }