%0 Book %A Transportation Research Board %A National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine %T Reducing Fuel Consumption and Greenhouse Gas Emissions of Medium- and Heavy-Duty Vehicles, Phase Two: Final Report %@ 978-0-309-49635-3 %D 2020 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/25542/reducing-fuel-consumption-and-greenhouse-gas-emissions-of-medium-and-heavy-duty-vehicles-phase-two %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/25542/reducing-fuel-consumption-and-greenhouse-gas-emissions-of-medium-and-heavy-duty-vehicles-phase-two %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Environment and Environmental Studies %K Transportation and Infrastructure %P 398 %X Medium- and heavy-duty trucks, motor coaches, and transit buses - collectively, "medium- and heavy-duty vehicles", or MHDVs - are used in every sector of the economy. The fuel consumption and greenhouse gas emissions of MHDVs have become a focus of legislative and regulatory action in the past few years. This study is a follow-on to the National Research Council's 2010 report, Technologies and Approaches to Reducing the Fuel Consumption of Medium-and Heavy-Duty Vehicles. That report provided a series of findings and recommendations on the development of regulations for reducing fuel consumption of MHDVs. On September 15, 2011, NHTSA and EPA finalized joint Phase I rules to establish a comprehensive Heavy-Duty National Program to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and fuel consumption for on-road medium- and heavy-duty vehicles. As NHTSA and EPA began working on a second round of standards, the National Academies issued another report, Reducing the Fuel Consumption and Greenhouse Gas Emissions of Medium- and Heavy-Duty Vehicles, Phase Two: First Report, providing recommendations for the Phase II standards. This third and final report focuses on a possible third phase of regulations to be promulgated by these agencies in the next decade. %0 Book %A Transportation Research Board %A National Research Council %T Reducing the Fuel Consumption and Greenhouse Gas Emissions of Medium- and Heavy-Duty Vehicles, Phase Two: First Report %@ 978-0-309-30237-1 %D 2014 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/18736/reducing-the-fuel-consumption-and-greenhouse-gas-emissions-of-medium-and-heavy-duty-vehicles-phase-two %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/18736/reducing-the-fuel-consumption-and-greenhouse-gas-emissions-of-medium-and-heavy-duty-vehicles-phase-two %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Energy and Energy Conservation %K Engineering and Technology %K Transportation and Infrastructure %P 116 %X Medium- and heavy-duty trucks, motor coaches, and transit buses - collectively, "medium- and heavy-duty vehicles", or MHDVs - are used in every sector of the economy. The fuel consumption and greenhouse gas emissions of MHDVs have become a focus of legislative and regulatory action in the past few years. Reducing the Fuel Consumption and Greenhouse Gas Emissions of Medium- and Heavy-Duty Vehicles, Phase Two is a follow-on to the National Research Council's 2010 report, Technologies and Approaches to Reducing the Fuel Consumption of Medium-and Heavy-Duty Vehicles. That report provided a series of findings and recommendations on the development of regulations for reducing fuel consumption of MHDVs. This report comprises the first periodic, five-year follow-on to the 2010 report. Reducing the Fuel Consumption and Greenhouse Gas Emissions of Medium- and Heavy-Duty Vehicles, Phase Two reviews NHTSA fuel consumption regulations and considers the technological, market and regulatory factors that may be of relevance to a revised and updated regulatory regime taking effect for model years 2019-2022. The report analyzes and provides options for improvements to the certification and compliance procedures for medium- and heavy-duty vehicles; reviews an updated analysis of the makeup and characterization of the medium- and heavy-duty truck fleet; examines the barriers to and the potential applications of natural gas in class 2b through class 8 vehicles; and addresses uncertainties and performs sensitivity analyses for the fuel consumption and cost/benefit estimates. %0 Book %A Transportation Research Board %A National Research Council %T Technologies and Approaches to Reducing the Fuel Consumption of Medium- and Heavy-Duty Vehicles %@ 978-0-309-14982-2 %D 2010 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/12845/technologies-and-approaches-to-reducing-the-fuel-consumption-of-medium-and-heavy-duty-vehicles %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/12845/technologies-and-approaches-to-reducing-the-fuel-consumption-of-medium-and-heavy-duty-vehicles %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Energy and Energy Conservation %K Transportation and Infrastructure %P 250 %X Technologies and Approaches to Reducing the Fuel Consumption of Medium- and Heavy-Duty Vehicles evaluates various technologies and methods that could improve the fuel economy of medium- and heavy-duty vehicles, such as tractor-trailers, transit buses, and work trucks. The book also recommends approaches that federal agencies could use to regulate these vehicles' fuel consumption. Currently there are no fuel consumption standards for such vehicles, which account for about 26 percent of the transportation fuel used in the U.S. The miles-per-gallon measure used to regulate the fuel economy of passenger cars. is not appropriate for medium- and heavy-duty vehicles, which are designed above all to carry loads efficiently. Instead, any regulation of medium- and heavy-duty vehicles should use a metric that reflects the efficiency with which a vehicle moves goods or passengers, such as gallons per ton-mile, a unit that reflects the amount of fuel a vehicle would use to carry a ton of goods one mile. This is called load-specific fuel consumption (LSFC). The book estimates the improvements that various technologies could achieve over the next decade in seven vehicle types. For example, using advanced diesel engines in tractor-trailers could lower their fuel consumption by up to 20 percent by 2020, and improved aerodynamics could yield an 11 percent reduction. Hybrid powertrains could lower the fuel consumption of vehicles that stop frequently, such as garbage trucks and transit buses, by as much 35 percent in the same time frame. %0 Book %A Transportation Research Board %A National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine %T Assessing and Mitigating Future Impacts to the Federal Highway Trust Fund Such as Alternative Fuel Consumption %D 2008 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/23113/assessing-and-mitigating-future-impacts-to-the-federal-highway-trust-fund-such-as-alternative-fuel-consumption %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/23113/assessing-and-mitigating-future-impacts-to-the-federal-highway-trust-fund-such-as-alternative-fuel-consumption %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Transportation and Infrastructure %P 0 %X TRB's National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Web-Only Document 121: Assessing and Mitigating Future Impacts to the Federal Highway Trust Fund Such as Alternative Fuel Consumption explores the impact of different scenarios on fuel consumption and fuel tax revenues. %0 Book %A National Research Council %T Assessment of Fuel Economy Technologies for Light-Duty Vehicles %@ 978-0-309-15607-3 %D 2011 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/12924/assessment-of-fuel-economy-technologies-for-light-duty-vehicles %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/12924/assessment-of-fuel-economy-technologies-for-light-duty-vehicles %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Energy and Energy Conservation %K Transportation and Infrastructure %P 232 %X Various combinations of commercially available technologies could greatly reduce fuel consumption in passenger cars, sport-utility vehicles, minivans, and other light-duty vehicles without compromising vehicle performance or safety. Assessment of Technologies for Improving Light Duty Vehicle Fuel Economy estimates the potential fuel savings and costs to consumers of available technology combinations for three types of engines: spark-ignition gasoline, compression-ignition diesel, and hybrid. According to its estimates, adopting the full combination of improved technologies in medium and large cars and pickup trucks with spark-ignition engines could reduce fuel consumption by 29 percent at an additional cost of $2,200 to the consumer. Replacing spark-ignition engines with diesel engines and components would yield fuel savings of about 37 percent at an added cost of approximately $5,900 per vehicle, and replacing spark-ignition engines with hybrid engines and components would reduce fuel consumption by 43 percent at an increase of $6,000 per vehicle. The book focuses on fuel consumption—the amount of fuel consumed in a given driving distance—because energy savings are directly related to the amount of fuel used. In contrast, fuel economy measures how far a vehicle will travel with a gallon of fuel. Because fuel consumption data indicate money saved on fuel purchases and reductions in carbon dioxide emissions, the book finds that vehicle stickers should provide consumers with fuel consumption data in addition to fuel economy information. %0 Book %A National Research Council %T Cost, Effectiveness, and Deployment of Fuel Economy Technologies for Light-Duty Vehicles %@ 978-0-309-37388-3 %D 2015 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/21744/cost-effectiveness-and-deployment-of-fuel-economy-technologies-for-light-duty-vehicles %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/21744/cost-effectiveness-and-deployment-of-fuel-economy-technologies-for-light-duty-vehicles %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Energy and Energy Conservation %K Engineering and Technology %K Transportation and Infrastructure %P 466 %X The light-duty vehicle fleet is expected to undergo substantial technological changes over the next several decades. New powertrain designs, alternative fuels, advanced materials and significant changes to the vehicle body are being driven by increasingly stringent fuel economy and greenhouse gas emission standards. By the end of the next decade, cars and light-duty trucks will be more fuel efficient, weigh less, emit less air pollutants, have more safety features, and will be more expensive to purchase relative to current vehicles. Though the gasoline-powered spark ignition engine will continue to be the dominant powertrain configuration even through 2030, such vehicles will be equipped with advanced technologies, materials, electronics and controls, and aerodynamics. And by 2030, the deployment of alternative methods to propel and fuel vehicles and alternative modes of transportation, including autonomous vehicles, will be well underway. What are these new technologies - how will they work, and will some technologies be more effective than others? Written to inform The United States Department of Transportation's National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) and Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAFE) and greenhouse gas (GHG) emission standards, this new report from the National Research Council is a technical evaluation of costs, benefits, and implementation issues of fuel reduction technologies for next-generation light-duty vehicles. Cost, Effectiveness, and Deployment of Fuel Economy Technologies for Light-Duty Vehicles estimates the cost, potential efficiency improvements, and barriers to commercial deployment of technologies that might be employed from 2020 to 2030. This report describes these promising technologies and makes recommendations for their inclusion on the list of technologies applicable for the 2017-2025 CAFE standards. %0 Book %A Transportation Research Board %A National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine %E Chatti, Karim %E Zaabar, Imen %T Estimating the Effects of Pavement Condition on Vehicle Operating Costs %D 2012 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/22808/estimating-the-effects-of-pavement-condition-on-vehicle-operating-costs %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/22808/estimating-the-effects-of-pavement-condition-on-vehicle-operating-costs %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Transportation and Infrastructure %P 77 %X TRB’s National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Report 720: Estimating the Effects of Pavement Condition on Vehicle Operating Costs presents models for estimating the effects of pavement condition on vehicle operating costs.The models address fuel consumption, tire wear, and repair and maintenance costs and are presented as computational software that is included in the print version of the report in a CD-ROM format. The CD-ROM is also available for download from TRB’s website as an ISO image. Links to the ISO image and instructions for burning a CD-ROM from an ISO image are provided below.Appendixes A through D to the report provide further elaboration on the work performed in the project that developed NCHRP Report 720. The appendixes, which were not included with the print version of the report, are only available for download through the link below.• Appendix A: Fuel Consumption Models,• Appendix B: Tire Wear Models,• Appendix C: Repair and Maintenance Models, and• Appendix D: An Overview of Emerging Technologies. Help on Burning an .ISO CD-ROM ImageDownload the .ISO CD-ROM Image(Warning: This is a large file and may take some time to download using a high-speed connection.)CD-ROM Disclaimer - This software is offered as is, without warranty or promise of support of any kind either expressed or implied. Under no circumstance will the National Academy of Sciences or the Transportation Research Board (collectively "TRB") be liable for any loss or damage caused by the installation or operation of this product. TRB makes no representation or warranty of any kind, expressed or implied, in fact or in law, including without limitation, the warranty of merchantability or the warranty of fitness for a particular purpose, and shall not in any case be liable for any consequential or special damages. %0 Book %A Transportation Research Board %T Technology and Economic Analysis in the Prepublication Version of the Report 'Effectiveness and Impact of Corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAFE) Standards': Letter Report %D 2002 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/10284/technology-and-economic-analysis-in-the-prepublication-version-of-the-report-effectiveness-and-impact-of-corporate-average-fuel-economy-cafe-standards %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/10284/technology-and-economic-analysis-in-the-prepublication-version-of-the-report-effectiveness-and-impact-of-corporate-average-fuel-economy-cafe-standards %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K %P 43 %0 Book %A National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine %T Review of the 21st Century Truck Partnership: Third Report %@ 978-0-309-37710-2 %D 2015 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/21784/review-of-the-21st-century-truck-partnership-third-report %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/21784/review-of-the-21st-century-truck-partnership-third-report %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Engineering and Technology %K Energy and Energy Conservation %P 202 %X The 21st Century Truck Partnership (21CTP) works to reduce fuel consumption and emissions, increase heavy-duty vehicle safety, and support research, development, and demonstration to initiate commercially viable products and systems. This report is the third in a series of three by the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine that have reviewed the research and development initiatives carried out by the 21CTP. Review of the 21st Century Truck Partnership, Third Report builds on the Phase 1 and 2 reviews and reports, and also comments on changes and progress since the Phase 2 report was issued in 2012. %0 Book %A Transportation Research Board %T Tires and Passenger Vehicle Fuel Economy: Informing Consumers, Improving Performance -- Special Report 286 %D 2006 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/11620/tires-and-passenger-vehicle-fuel-economy-informing-consumers-improving-performance %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/11620/tires-and-passenger-vehicle-fuel-economy-informing-consumers-improving-performance %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Energy and Energy Conservation %K Transportation and Infrastructure %P 174 %X TRB and the Board on Energy and Environmental Systems, part of the National Academies’ Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences (DEPS), have released Special Report 286, Tires and Passenger Vehicle Fuel Economy: Informing Consumers, Improving Performance. This report examines the contribution of tires to vehicle fuel consumption and the prospects for improving tire energy performance without adversely affecting tire life, traction capability, and retail prices. The report reviews the technical literature and analyzes energy performance data from nearly 200 passenger tires on the market today. National fuel savings from improving the energy efficiency of passenger tires by 10 percent are quantified and the implications for consumer spending on tires, motor vehicle safety, and scrap tire generation are considered. Observing that consumers are given little, if any, information on the fuel economy effects of tires, the report recommends that government and industry cooperate to fill this information gap. %0 Book %A National Research Council %T Review of the 21st Century Truck Partnership, Second Report %@ 978-0-309-22247-1 %D 2012 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/13288/review-of-the-21st-century-truck-partnership-second-report %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/13288/review-of-the-21st-century-truck-partnership-second-report %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Engineering and Technology %K Energy and Energy Conservation %P 190 %X In July 2010, the National Research Council (NRC) appointed the Committee to Review the 21st Century Truck Partnership, Phase 2, to conduct an independent review of the 21st Century Truck Partnership (21CTP). The 21CTP is a cooperative research and development (R&D) partnership including four federal agencies-the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), U.S. Department of Transportation (DOT), U.S. Department of Defense (DOD), and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)-and 15 industrial partners. The purpose of this Partnership is to reduce fuel consumption and emissions, increase heavy-duty vehicle safety, and support research, development, and demonstration to initiate commercially viable products and systems. This is the NRC's second report on the topic and it includes the committee's review of the Partnership as a whole, its major areas of focus, 21CTP's management and priority setting, efficient operations, and the new SuperTruck program. %0 Book %A Transportation Research Board %A National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine %E Fordham, Damon %E Stephens, Mia %E Chymiy, Ashley %E Peace, Hazel %E Horton, Gareth %E Walker, Charles %E Kenney, Mike %E Morrow, Clint %E Chester, Mikhail %E Zhang, Yu %E Sichko, Paul %T Deriving Benefits from Alternative Aircraft-Taxi Systems %D 2016 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/23618/deriving-benefits-from-alternative-aircraft-taxi-systems %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/23618/deriving-benefits-from-alternative-aircraft-taxi-systems %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Transportation and Infrastructure %P 29 %X TRB's Airport Cooperative Research Program (ACRP) Report 158: Deriving Benefits from Alternative Aircraft-Taxi Systems explores approaches that may reduce fuel use, emissions, and costs while aircraft are on the ground. This report explores how alternative approaches to taxiing aircraft in movement areas have the potential to provide an overall net benefit for both the airport and aircraft operator. These systems include, among other alternative systems, an electric motor permanently fixed to the aircraft, or an electric tug. While many of these alternatives may provide energy and environmental benefits, their use may introduce potential challenges to aircraft operators and air traffic control, as well as place new demands on airport infrastructure. This report helps to address those challenges.The project also developed an Alternative Taxiing Assessment Matrix (ATAM) tool, which provides a matrix of the various benefits and issues associated with each of the five types of alternative aircraft-taxiing systems. In the tool, benefits are highlighted in green, neutral issues in amber, and concerns in red. The ATAM tool allows the user to enter different aircraft fleet mixes and taxiing times to assess potential overall fuel and emissions changes from ground-level fuel consumption for the three primary alternative aircraft-taxiing systems.Disclaimer: This spreadsheet is offered as is, without warranty or promise of support of any kind either expressed or implied. Under no circumstance will the National Academy of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine or the Transportation Research Board (collectively "TRB") be liable for any loss or damage caused by the installation or operation of this product. TRB makes no representation or warranty of any kind, expressed or implied, in fact or in law, including without limitation, the warranty of merchantability or the warranty of fitness for a particular purpose, and shall not in any case be liable for any consequential or special damages. %0 Book %A National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine %E Day, Dwayne %T Combat Vehicle Weight Reduction by Materials Substitution: Proceedings of a Workshop %@ 978-0-309-44526-9 %D 2018 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/23562/combat-vehicle-weight-reduction-by-materials-substitution-proceedings-of-a %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/23562/combat-vehicle-weight-reduction-by-materials-substitution-proceedings-of-a %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Engineering and Technology %K Conflict and Security Issues %P 64 %X Vehicle weight reduction is an effective strategy for reducing fuel consumption in civilian vehicles. For combat vehicles, it presents not only an important opportunity to reduce fuel use and associated logistics, but also important advantages in transport and mobility on the battlefield. Although there have been numerous efforts in the past to reduce the overall weight of combat vehicles, combat vehicle weight has continued to increase over time due to new threats and missions. On December 8 and 9, 2014, the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine held a workshop to explore opportunities in lightweight materials for armored vehicles. This was the ninth workshop in an ongoing series for the U.S. military on materials and manufacturing issues. The workshop discussed future advances in weight reduction by materials substitution for vehicles, including such topics as armor, structure, automotive parts, and armaments. This publication summarizes the presentations and discussions from the workshop. %0 Book %A Transportation Research Board %A National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine %E Kim, Brian %E Manning, Ben %E Sharp, Ben %E Clarke, John-Paul %E Robeson, Isaac %E Brooks, Jim %E Senzig, David %T Environmental Optimization of Aircraft Departures: Fuel Burn, Emissions, and Noise %D 2013 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/22565/environmental-optimization-of-aircraft-departures-fuel-burn-emissions-and-noise %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/22565/environmental-optimization-of-aircraft-departures-fuel-burn-emissions-and-noise %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Transportation and Infrastructure %P 96 %X TRB’s Airport Cooperative Research Program (ACRP) Report 86: Environmental Optimization of Aircraft Departures: Fuel Burn, Emissions, and Noise explores a protocol for evaluating and optimizing aircraft departure procedures in terms of noise exposure, emissions, and fuel burn.Included with the print version of the report is a CD-ROM that contains a spreadsheet-based Departure Optimization Investigation Tool (DOIT) that allows users to understand and test tradeoffs among various impact measures, including noise levels, rate of fuel consumption, and emissions.The CD-ROM is also available for download from TRB’s website as an ISO image. Links to the ISO image and instructions for burning a CD-ROM from an ISO image are provided below.Help on Burning an .ISO CD-ROM ImageDownload the .ISO CD-ROM Image(Warning: This is a large file and may take some time to download using a high-speed connection.)CD-ROM Disclaimer - This software is offered as is, without warranty or promise of support of any kind either expressed or implied. Under no circumstance will the National Academy of Sciences or the Transportation Research Board (collectively "TRB") be liable for any loss or damage caused by the installation or operation of this product. TRB makes no representation or warranty of any kind, expressed or implied, in fact or in law, including without limitation, the warranty of merchantability or the warranty of fitness for a particular purpose, and shall not in any case be liable for any consequential or special damages. %0 Book %A National Research Council %T Application of Lightweighting Technology to Military Aircraft, Vessels, and Vehicles %@ 978-0-309-22166-5 %D 2012 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/13277/application-of-lightweighting-technology-to-military-aircraft-vessels-and-vehicles %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/13277/application-of-lightweighting-technology-to-military-aircraft-vessels-and-vehicles %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Engineering and Technology %K Conflict and Security Issues %P 160 %X Lightweighting is a concept well known to structural designers and engineers in all applications areas, from laptops to bicycles to automobiles to buildings and airplanes. Reducing the weight of structures can provide many advantages, including increased energy efficiency, better design, improved usability, and better coupling with new, multifunctional features. While lightweighting is a challenge in commercial structures, the special demands of military vehicles for survivability, maneuverability and transportability significantly stress the already complex process. Application of Lightweighting Technology to Military Vehicles, Vessels, and Aircraft assesses the current state of lightweighting implementation in land, sea, and air vehicles and recommends ways to improve the use of lightweight materials and solutions. This book considers both lightweight materials and lightweight design; the availability of lightweight materials from domestic manufacturers; and the performance of lightweight materials and their manufacturing technologies. It also considers the "trade space"--that is, the effect that use of lightweight materials or technologies can have on the performance and function of all vehicle systems and components. This book also discusses manufacturing capabilities and affordable manufacturing technology to facilitate lightweighting. Application of Lightweighting Technology to Military Vehicles, Vessels, and Aircraft will be of interest to the military, manufacturers and designers of military equipment, and decision makers. %0 Book %A Transportation Research Board %A National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine %E Inc., Garnet Erdakos, Shih Ying Chang, Douglas Eisinger, Sonoma Technology %E Berger, Adrienne Heller, Heather Unger, Louis %T Zero Emission Vehicles: Forecasting Fleet Scenarios and their Emissions Implications %D 2019 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/25709/zero-emission-vehicles-forecasting-fleet-scenarios-and-their-emissions-implications %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/25709/zero-emission-vehicles-forecasting-fleet-scenarios-and-their-emissions-implications %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Transportation and Infrastructure %P 109 %X Vehicle electrification is one of the emerging and potentially disruptive technologies that are being considered to reduce emissions of criteria pollutants, mobile source air toxics (MSATs), and greenhouse gases (GHGs) from motor vehicles.The TRB National Cooperative Highway Research Program's NCHRP Web-Only Document 274: Zero Emission Vehicles: Forecasting Fleet Scenarios and their Emissions Implications analyzes a set of scenarios of infrastructure development, policy changes, and cost parameters, with a suite of 49 simulations across those scenarios conducted to assess their impact on nationwide zero emission vehicle (ZEV) adoption and the corresponding levels of exhaust emissions.The model used in the scenarios analysis is a consumer choice model that estimates future sales, populations, and fuel consumption of advanced technology vehicles (ATVs), including ZEVs.There is also a Power Point presentation accompanying the document. %0 Book %A Transportation Research Board %A National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine %T Mix Design Practices for Warm-Mix Asphalt %D 2011 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/14488/mix-design-practices-for-warm-mix-asphalt %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/14488/mix-design-practices-for-warm-mix-asphalt %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Transportation and Infrastructure %P 101 %X TRB’s National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Report 691: Mix Design Practices for Warm-Mix Asphalt explores a mix design method tailored to the unique material properties of warm mix asphalt technologies.Warm mix asphalt (WMA) refers to asphalt concrete mixtures that are produced at temperatures approximately 50°F (28°C) or more cooler than typically used in the production of hot mix asphalt (HMA). The goal of WMA is to produce mixtures with similar strength, durability, and performance characteristics as HMA using substantially reduced production temperatures.There are important environmental and health benefits associated with reduced production temperatures including lower greenhouse gas emissions, lower fuel consumption, and reduced exposure of workers to asphalt fumes.Lower production temperatures can also potentially improve pavement performance by reducing binder aging, providing added time for mixture compaction, and allowing improved compaction during cold weather paving.Appendices to NCHRP Report 691 include the following. Appendices A, B, and D are included in the printed and PDF version of the report. Appendices C and E are available only online.• Appendix A: Draft Appendix to AASHTO R 35: Special Mixture Design Considerations and Methods for Warm Mix Asphalt (WMA)• Appendix B: Commentary to the Draft Appendix to AASHTO R 35• Appendix C: Training Materials for the Draft Appendix to AASHTO R 35• Appendix D: Proposed Standard Practice for Measuring Properties of Warm Mix Asphalt (WMA) for Performance Analysis Using the Mechanistic-Empirical Pavement Design Guide Software• Appendix E: NCHRP Project 09-43 Experimental Plans, Results, and Analyses %0 Book %T %D %U %> %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %P %0 Book %A National Research Council %T Review of the U.S. Department of Energy's Heavy Vehicle Technologies Program %@ 978-0-309-07251-9 %D 2000 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/9989/review-of-the-us-department-of-energys-heavy-vehicle-technologies-program %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/9989/review-of-the-us-department-of-energys-heavy-vehicle-technologies-program %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Energy and Energy Conservation %P 56 %X As national priorities have been focused both on reducing fuel consumption and improving air quality, attention has increased on reducing emissions from many types of vehicles, including light-duty, medium-duty, and heavy-duty diesel-powered vehicles. Meeting the recently promulgated (and proposed) emission standards and simultaneously increasing fuel economy will pose especially difficult challenges for diesel-powered vehicles and will require the development of new emission-reduction technologies. In response to a request from the director of OHVT, the National Research Council formed the Committee on Review of DOE's Office of Heavy Vehicle Technologies to conduct a broad, independent review of its research and development (R&D) activities. %0 Book %T %D %U %> %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %P