%0 Book %A National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine %E Carrero-Martínez, Franklin %E Kameyama, Emi %E Whitacre, Paula Tarnapol %T Reducing Impacts of Food Loss and Waste: Proceedings of a Workshop %@ 978-0-309-49055-9 %D 2019 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/25396/reducing-impacts-of-food-loss-and-waste-proceedings-of-a %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/25396/reducing-impacts-of-food-loss-and-waste-proceedings-of-a %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Food and Nutrition %P 116 %X Even as malnutrition in the form of hunger and obesity affect the health and well-being of millions of people worldwide, a significant amount of food is lost or wasted every day, in every country, and at every stage in the supply chain from the farm to the household. According to a 2011 estimate by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), about one-third of food produced is lost or wasted globally. Beyond quantity estimates, however, less is known about the impacts on farmers, food prices, food availability, and environment of reducing food loss and waste. On October 17, 2018, the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine organized a workshop to examine key challenges that arise in reducing food loss and waste throughout the supply chain and discussed potential ways to address these challenges. This publication summarizes the presentations and discussions from the workshop. %0 Book %A Institute of Medicine %A National Research Council %E Kirkendall, Nancy J. %T Data and Research to Improve the U.S. Food Availability System and Estimates of Food Loss: A Workshop Summary %@ 978-0-309-31417-6 %D 2015 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/18978/data-and-research-to-improve-the-us-food-availability-system-and-estimates-of-food-loss %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/18978/data-and-research-to-improve-the-us-food-availability-system-and-estimates-of-food-loss %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Behavioral and Social Sciences %K Food and Nutrition %K Agriculture %K Surveys and Statistics %P 176 %X The United States Department of Agriculture's (USDA's) Economic Research Service's (ERS) Food Availability Data System includes three distinct but related data series on food and nutrient availability for consumption. The data serve as popular proxies for actual consumption at the national level for over 200 commodities (e.g., fresh spinach, beef, and eggs). The core Food Availability (FA) data series provides data on the amount of food available, per capita, for human consumption in the United States with data back to 1909 for many commodities. The Loss-Adjusted Food Availability (LAFA) data series is derived from the FA data series by adjusting for food spoilage, plate waste, and other losses to more closely approximate 4 actual intake. The LAFA data provide daily estimates of the per capita availability amounts adjusted for loss (e.g., in pounds, ounces, grams, and gallons as appropriate), calories, and food pattern equivalents (i.e., "servings") of the five major food groups (fruit, vegetables, grains, meat, and dairy) available for consumption plus the amounts of added sugars and sweeteners and added fats and oils available for consumption. This fiscal year, as part of its initiative to systematically review all of its major data series, ERS decided to review the FADS data system. One of the goals of this review is to advance the knowledge and understanding of the measurement and technical aspects of the data supporting FADS so the data can be maintained and improved. Data and Research to Improve the U.S. Food Availability System and Estimates of Food Loss is the summary of a workshop convened by the Committee on National Statistics of the National Research Council and the Food and Nutrition Board of the Institute of Medicine to advance knowledge and understanding of the measurement and technical aspects of the data supporting the LAFA data series so that these data series and subsequent food availability and food loss estimates can be maintained and improved. The workshop considered such issues as the effects of termination of selected Census Bureau and USDA data series on estimates for affected food groups and commodities; the potential for using other data sources, such as scanner data, to improve estimates of food availability; and possible ways to improve the data on food loss at the farm and retail levels and at restaurants. This report considers knowledge gaps, data sources that may be available or could be generated to fill gaps, what can be learned from other countries and international organizations, ways to ensure consistency of treatment of commodities across series, and the most promising opportunities for new data for the various food availability series. %0 Book %A National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine %T Biological Collections: Ensuring Critical Research and Education for the 21st Century %@ 978-0-309-49853-1 %D 2020 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/25592/biological-collections-ensuring-critical-research-and-education-for-the-21st %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/25592/biological-collections-ensuring-critical-research-and-education-for-the-21st %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Biology and Life Sciences %P 244 %X Biological collections are a critical part of the nation's science and innovation infrastructure and a fundamental resource for understanding the natural world. Biological collections underpin basic science discoveries as well as deepen our understanding of many challenges such as global change, biodiversity loss, sustainable food production, ecosystem conservation, and improving human health and security. They are important resources for education, both in formal training for the science and technology workforce, and in informal learning through schools, citizen science programs, and adult learning. However, the sustainability of biological collections is under threat. Without enhanced strategic leadership and investments in their infrastructure and growth many biological collections could be lost. Biological Collections: Ensuring Critical Research and Education for the 21st Century recommends approaches for biological collections to develop long-term financial sustainability, advance digitization, recruit and support a diverse workforce, and upgrade and maintain a robust physical infrastructure in order to continue serving science and society. The aim of the report is to stimulate a national discussion regarding the goals and strategies needed to ensure that U.S. biological collections not only thrive but continue to grow throughout the 21st century and beyond. %0 Book %T Postharvest Food Losses in Developing Countries %D 1978 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/20028/postharvest-food-losses-in-developing-countries %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/20028/postharvest-food-losses-in-developing-countries %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K %K Agriculture %P 216 %0 Book %T %D %U %> %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %P %0 Book %A National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine %T Science Breakthroughs to Advance Food and Agricultural Research by 2030 %@ 978-0-309-47392-7 %D 2019 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/25059/science-breakthroughs-to-advance-food-and-agricultural-research-by-2030 %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/25059/science-breakthroughs-to-advance-food-and-agricultural-research-by-2030 %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Agriculture %K Food and Nutrition %K Earth Sciences %K Environment and Environmental Studies %P 242 %X For nearly a century, scientific advances have fueled progress in U.S. agriculture to enable American producers to deliver safe and abundant food domestically and provide a trade surplus in bulk and high-value agricultural commodities and foods. Today, the U.S. food and agricultural enterprise faces formidable challenges that will test its long-term sustainability, competitiveness, and resilience. On its current path, future productivity in the U.S. agricultural system is likely to come with trade-offs. The success of agriculture is tied to natural systems, and these systems are showing signs of stress, even more so with the change in climate. More than a third of the food produced is unconsumed, an unacceptable loss of food and nutrients at a time of heightened global food demand. Increased food animal production to meet greater demand will generate more greenhouse gas emissions and excess animal waste. The U.S. food supply is generally secure, but is not immune to the costly and deadly shocks of continuing outbreaks of food-borne illness or to the constant threat of pests and pathogens to crops, livestock, and poultry. U.S. farmers and producers are at the front lines and will need more tools to manage the pressures they face. Science Breakthroughs to Advance Food and Agricultural Research by 2030 identifies innovative, emerging scientific advances for making the U.S. food and agricultural system more efficient, resilient, and sustainable. This report explores the availability of relatively new scientific developments across all disciplines that could accelerate progress toward these goals. It identifies the most promising scientific breakthroughs that could have the greatest positive impact on food and agriculture, and that are possible to achieve in the next decade (by 2030). %0 Book %T %D %U %> %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %P %0 Book %A National Research Council %T Approaches for Ecosystem Services Valuation for the Gulf of Mexico After the Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill: Interim Report %@ 978-0-309-21179-6 %D 2012 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/13141/approaches-for-ecosystem-services-valuation-for-the-gulf-of-mexico-after-the-deepwater-horizon-oil-spill %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/13141/approaches-for-ecosystem-services-valuation-for-the-gulf-of-mexico-after-the-deepwater-horizon-oil-spill %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Earth Sciences %P 162 %X On April 20, 2010, the Deepwater Horizon platform drilling the Macondo well in Mississippi Canyon Block 252 (DWH) exploded, killing 11 workers and injuring another 17. The DWH oil spill resulted in nearly 5 million barrels (approximately 200 million gallons) of crude oil spilling into the Gulf of Mexico (GoM). The full impacts of the spill on the GoM and the people who live and work there are unknown but expected to be considerable, and will be expressed over years to decades. In the short term, up to 80,000 square miles of the U.S. Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) were closed to fishing, resulting in loss of food, jobs and recreation. The DWH oil spill immediately triggered a process under the U.S. Oil Pollution Act of 1990 (OPA) to determine the extent and severity of the "injury" (defined as an observable or measurable adverse change in a natural resource or impairment of a natural resource service) to the public trust, known as the Natural Resources Damage Assessment (NRDA). The assessment, undertaken by the trustees (designated technical experts who act on behalf of the public and who are tasked with assessing the nature and extent of site-related contamination and impacts), requires: (1) quantifying the extent of damage; (2) developing, implementing, and monitoring restoration plans; and (3) seeking compensation for the costs of assessment and restoration from those deemed responsible for the injury. This interim report provides options for expanding the current effort to include the analysis of ecosystem services to help address the unprecedented scale of this spill in U.S. waters and the challenges it presents to those charged with undertaking the damage assessment. %0 Book %A National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine %E Whitacre, Paula %T Supporting Cross-Sector Partnerships for Food Security and Sustainability: Proceedings of a Workshop–in Brief %D 2022 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/26689/supporting-cross-sector-partnerships-for-food-security-and-sustainability-proceedings %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/26689/supporting-cross-sector-partnerships-for-food-security-and-sustainability-proceedings %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Food and Nutrition %K Agriculture %K Policy for Science and Technology %P 12 %X According to the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization's report, "State of Food Security and Nutrition in the World," between 702 and 828 million people were affected by hunger in 2021 - and projections indicate that by 2030, 670 million people will still be experiencing hunger. Gains in agricultural productivity over the past 60 years have increased the availability of food globally, but much more needs to be done. Even these gains were not made without expense; biodiversity loss, chemical runoff, water scarcity, soil degradation, and greenhouse gas emissions from food and agriculture industries, among other issues, have had extensive impacts on the health of natural and human systems during this time. While millions suffer from food insecurity, a large percentage of food is lost or wasted across the global supply chain. Addressing the multifaceted challenges of feeding a world under pressure from severe food insecurity, malnutrition, climate change, population growth, conflict, migration, and economic disruption will require transformative change to global food systems. To discuss opportunities for supporting research and innovation to address global agricultural and human health challenges associated with the compounding pressures of producing more food, more nutritiously, and with less environmental impact, the Government-University-Industry Research Roundtable of the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine convened a workshop for its membership and invited guests on February 16, 2022. This publication summarizes the presentations and discussion of the workshop. %0 Book %A National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine %E Maitin-Shepard, Melissa %T Innovations in the Food System: Exploring the Future of Food: Proceedings of a Workshop—in Brief %D 2019 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/25645/innovations-in-the-food-system-exploring-the-future-of-food %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/25645/innovations-in-the-food-system-exploring-the-future-of-food %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Food and Nutrition %P 11 %X On August 7-8, 2019, the Food Forum of the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine hosted a public workshop in Washington, DC, to review the status of current and emerging knowledge about innovations for modern food systems and the extent to which they are or could be designed to optimize environmental, health, social, and economic outcomes. The workshop included a broad look at food systems, case studies in food system evolution from the federal government and private sector,and sessions that focused on game-changing innovations and their implications for food systems. This Proceedings of a Workshop-in Brief summarizes the key points made by workshop participants during the presentations and discussions %0 Book %A National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine %E Pray, Leslie %T Sustainable Diets, Food, and Nutrition: Proceedings of a Workshop—in Brief %D 2018 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/25289/sustainable-diets-food-and-nutrition-proceedings-of-a-workshop-in %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/25289/sustainable-diets-food-and-nutrition-proceedings-of-a-workshop-in %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Food and Nutrition %P 9 %X On August 1 and 2, 2018, the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine hosted a public workshop in Washington, DC, on sustainable diets, food, and nutrition. Workshop participants reviewed current and emerging knowledge on the concept of sustainable diets within the field of food and nutrition; explored sustainable diets and relevant impacts for cross-sector partnerships, policy, and research; and discussed how sustainable diets influence dietary patterns, the food system, and population and public health. This publication briefly summarizes the presentations and discussions from the workshop. %0 Book %A National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine %E Maitin-Shepard, Melissa %T Building a More Sustainable, Resilient, Equitable, and Nourishing Food System: Proceedings of a Workshop %@ 978-0-309-67885-8 %D 2021 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/25832/building-a-more-sustainable-resilient-equitable-and-nourishing-food-system %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/25832/building-a-more-sustainable-resilient-equitable-and-nourishing-food-system %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Food and Nutrition %P 84 %X The Food Forum of the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine hosted a virtual workshop on July 22-23, 2020 that explored integration of the health, societal, economic, and environmental effects and future needs of the food system. The main objective of the workshop was to understand how to achieve a more sustainable, resilient, equitable, and nourishing food system. The workshop covered a number of topics, including new expectations for the food system within three dimensions of the food system (vulnerabilities, resiliency, and transformation). Discussions also covered global change, access to nutritious food, resiliency in complex dynamic systems and resiliency for the future, and consumption- and production-oriented strategies for transforming the food system. This publication summarizes the presentations and discussions from the workshop. %0 Book %A National Academy of Sciences %T The Challenge of Feeding the World Sustainably: Summary of the US-UK Scientific Forum on Sustainable Agriculture %D 2021 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/26007/the-challenge-of-feeding-the-world-sustainably-summary-of-the %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/26007/the-challenge-of-feeding-the-world-sustainably-summary-of-the %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Environment and Environmental Studies %K Agriculture %P 40 %X The need for sustainable agriculture is becoming ever more significant. The world's population is still increasing, requiring more from our agricultural systems. Malnutrition and diet-related illnesses are present in nearly all societies. At the same time, agriculture plays a significant role in some of the biggest environmental challenges that humanity is facing, including the climate crisis, biodiversity loss, deforestation, and the pollution of our soil, water, and air. The need to balance the growing demand for nutritious food with these environmental threats is a complex issue, and ensuring sustainable food systems will require a collaborative effort from many different communities. These issues were addressed during the US-UK Scientific Forum on Sustainable Agriculture held in Washington, DC, on March 5-6, 2020. Organized by the National Academy of Sciences and the United Kingdom's Royal Society, the forum brought together leading scientists, researchers, policy makers, and practitioners in agricultural sciences, food policy, biodiversity, and environmental science (among other specialties). The forum provided an opportunity for members of these research communities to build multidisciplinary and international collaborations that can inform solutions to a broad set of problems. This publication summarizes the presentations of the forum. %0 Book %A National Research Council %T Safe Use of Pesticides in Food Production; a Report [by] W.J. Darby, Chairman ... [Et Al.] %D 1956 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/18543/safe-use-of-pesticides-in-food-production-a-report-by-wj-darby-chairman-et-al %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/18543/safe-use-of-pesticides-in-food-production-a-report-by-wj-darby-chairman-et-al %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K %K Agriculture %P 23 %0 Book %A Institute of Medicine %E Pray, Leslie %T Sustainable Diets: Food for Healthy People and a Healthy Planet: Workshop Summary %@ 978-0-309-29667-0 %D 2014 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/18578/sustainable-diets-food-for-healthy-people-and-a-healthy-planet %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/18578/sustainable-diets-food-for-healthy-people-and-a-healthy-planet %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Food and Nutrition %K Health and Medicine %P 156 %X One of the many benefits of the U.S. food system is a safe, nutritious, and consistent food supply. However, the same system also places significant strain on land, water, air, and other natural resources. A better understanding of the food-environment synergies and trade-offs associated with the U.S. food system would help to reduce this strain. Many experts would like to use that knowledge to develop dietary recommendations on the basis of environmental as well as nutritional considerations. But identifying and quantifying those synergies and trade-offs, let alone acting on them, is a challenge in and of itself. The difficulty stems in part from the reality that experts in the fields of nutrition, agricultural science, and natural resource use often do not regularly collaborate with each other, with the exception of some international efforts. Sustainable Diets is the summary of a workshop convened by The Institute of Medicine's Food Forum and Roundtable on Environmental Health Sciences, Research, and Medicine in May 2013 to engender dialogue between experts in nutrition and experts in agriculture and natural resource sustainability and to explore current and emerging knowledge on the food and nutrition policy implications of the increasing environmental constraints on the food system. Experts explored the relationship between human health and the environment, including the identification and quantification of the synergies and trade-offs of their impact. This report explores the role of the food price environment and how environmental sustainability can be incorporated into dietary guidance and considers research priorities, policy implications, and drivers of consumer behaviors that will enable sustainable food choices. %0 Book %A National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine %T Operationalizing Sustainable Development to Benefit People and the Planet %@ 978-0-309-69165-9 %D 2022 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/26654/operationalizing-sustainable-development-to-benefit-people-and-the-planet %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/26654/operationalizing-sustainable-development-to-benefit-people-and-the-planet %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Environment and Environmental Studies %P 128 %X The COVID-19 pandemic and overlapping global crises, including geopolitical conflict and climate change, have made achievement of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) more challenging. The scientific community incre-singly recognizes the need to accelerate the adoption of evidence-based, scientifically-sound policies and actions to operationalize sustainable development. This report identifies key research priorities and possible actionable steps to operationalize sustainable development at the global and local levels. Although the scope of the challenges and opportunities are global with many research investigations and actions needed, Operationalizing Sustainable Development to Benefit People and the Planet presents research priorities and possible actionable steps for consideration by U.S. stakeholders. %0 Book %A National Academy of Engineering %A National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine %T Environmental Engineering for the 21st Century: Addressing Grand Challenges %@ 978-0-309-47655-3 %D 2019 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/25121/environmental-engineering-for-the-21st-century-addressing-grand-challenges %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/25121/environmental-engineering-for-the-21st-century-addressing-grand-challenges %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Engineering and Technology %K Earth Sciences %P 124 %X Environmental engineers support the well-being of people and the planet in areas where the two intersect. Over the decades the field has improved countless lives through innovative systems for delivering water, treating waste, and preventing and remediating pollution in air, water, and soil. These achievements are a testament to the multidisciplinary, pragmatic, systems-oriented approach that characterizes environmental engineering. Environmental Engineering for the 21st Century: Addressing Grand Challenges outlines the crucial role for environmental engineers in this period of dramatic growth and change. The report identifies five pressing challenges of the 21st century that environmental engineers are uniquely poised to help advance: sustainably supply food, water, and energy; curb climate change and adapt to its impacts; design a future without pollution and waste; create efficient, healthy, resilient cities; and foster informed decisions and actions. %0 Book %A National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine %E Pray, Leslie %T Sustainable Diets, Food, and Nutrition: Proceedings of a Workshop %@ 978-0-309-47955-4 %D 2019 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/25192/sustainable-diets-food-and-nutrition-proceedings-of-a-workshop %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/25192/sustainable-diets-food-and-nutrition-proceedings-of-a-workshop %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Food and Nutrition %P 178 %X On August 1 and 2, 2018, the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine hosted a public workshop in Washington, DC, on sustainable diets, food, and nutrition. Workshop participants reviewed current and emerging knowledge on the concept of sustainable diets within the field of food and nutrition; explored sustainable diets and relevant impacts for cross-sector partnerships, policy, and research; and discussed how sustainable diets influence dietary patterns, the food system, and population and public health. This publication briefly summarizes the presentations and discussions from the workshop. %0 Book %A Transportation Research Board %A National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine %E Malick, Amy %T Airport Sustainability Practices %D 2016 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/23644/airport-sustainability-practices %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/23644/airport-sustainability-practices %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Transportation and Infrastructure %P 50 %X TRB's Airport Cooperative Research Program (ACRP) Synthesis 77: Airport Sustainability Practices compiles information about airport sustainability practices and adds them to the Sustainable Aviation Guidance Alliance (SAGA) website. The SAGA website was developed to assist airport operators in developing sustainability programs and provide guidance to those who have new data to input. The website contains entries on more than 900 sustainability practices that were developed by SAGA’s initial stakeholder group. However, a large percentage of these entries do not contain actual practice data. %0 Book %A National Research Council %T Crocodiles as a Resource for the Tropics %D 1983 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/18531/crocodiles-as-a-resource-for-the-tropics %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/18531/crocodiles-as-a-resource-for-the-tropics %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K %K Biology and Life Sciences %P 73