@BOOK{NAP title = "Evaluating Federal Support for Poverty Research", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/19834/evaluating-federal-support-for-poverty-research", year = 1979, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "National Research Council", editor = "Arleen Leibowitz and Earl S. Pollack", title = "Data Needs for the State Children's Health Insurance Program", isbn = "978-0-309-08463-5", abstract = "The State Children's Health Insurance Program (SCHIP) was established by Congress to provide health insurance to uninsured children whose family income was too high for Medicaid coverage but too low to allow the family to obtain private health insurance coverage. The enabling legislation for SCHIP, included in the Balanced Budget Act of 1997, made available to states (and the District of Columbia) almost $40 billion over a 10-year period for this program. Like Medicaid, SCHIP is a joint federal-state program, with funding from both sources, but it is implemented by the states. Thus, there are SCHIP programs in all of the states and the District of Columbia.\nThe National Research Council, through the Committee on National Statistics, was asked to explore some of the ways in which data analysis could be used to promote achievement of the SCHIP goal of expanding health insurance coverage for uninsured children from low-income families. To inform its work, the panel for this project held a workshop to bring together state SCHIP officials and researchers to share findings and methods that would inform the design, implementation, and evaluation of SCHIP at the state and national levels. In keeping with this charge, this report is limited to discussions at the workshop. It does not attempt to provide a summary of all the state programs nor a comprehensive review of the literature.\nData Needs for the State Children's Health Insurance Program concludes that data are insufficient in the individual states to provide a clear picture of the impact of SCHIP on the number of children who are eligible for the program, the rate at which eligible children are enrolled in the program, and the rate at which they are retained in the program once enrolled. This situation is due, in part, to the fact that sample sizes in national surveys are too small to provide detailed data for individual states. In addition, the great amount of movement of children among health insurance categories\u2014Medicaid, SCHIP, private insurance, or no insurance at all\u2014makes it difficult for states to count the number of children in specific categories at a particular point in time.\nThe panel specifies a number of practices that could be implemented to improve the overall functioning of SCHIP and the ability of policy makers to evaluate the program. Foremost among these are: (1) developing more uniform ways of estimating eligibility and health insurance coverage among the states; (2) sharing among the states effective methods for outreach; (3) taking qualitative information into account, in addition to quantitative information, in assessing variation among states in enrollment and disenrollment; and (4) implementing longitudinal studies to track the movement of children among the various insurance statuses.", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/10416/data-needs-for-the-state-childrens-health-insurance-program", year = 2002, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "National Research Council", editor = "Michele Ver Ploeg and David M. Betson", title = "Estimating Eligibility and Participation for the WIC Program: Final Report", isbn = "978-0-309-08962-3", abstract = "This report reviews the methods used to estimate the national number of people eligible to participate in the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) under full funding of the program. It reviews alternative data sets and methods for estimating income eligibility, adjunctive eligibility (which occurs when people are eligible for WIC because they are enrolled in other federal public assistance programs) and nutritional risk, as well as for estimating participation if the program is fully funded. ", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/10804/estimating-eligibility-and-participation-for-the-wic-program-final-report", year = 2003, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "Institute of Medicine", editor = "Margaret Edmunds and Molly Joel Coye", title = "America's Children: Health Insurance and Access to Care", isbn = "978-0-309-06560-3", abstract = "America's Children is a comprehensive, easy-to-read analysis of the relationship between health insurance and access to care. The book addresses three broad questions: How is children's health care currently financed? Does insurance equal access to care? How should the nation address the health needs of this vulnerable population?\nAmerica's Children explores the changing role of Medicaid under managed care; state-initiated and private sector children's insurance programs; specific effects of insurance status on the care children receive; and the impact of chronic medical conditions and special health care needs. It also examines the status of \"safety net\" health providers, including community health centers, children's hospitals, school-based health centers, and others and reviews the changing patterns of coverage and tax policy options to increase coverage of private-sector, employer-based health insurance.\nIn response to growing public concerns about uninsured children, last year Congress voted to provide $24 billion over five years for new state insurance initiatives. This volume will serve as a primer for concerned federal policymakers and regulators, state agency officials, health plan decisionmakers, health care providers, children's health advocates, and researchers.", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/6168/americas-children-health-insurance-and-access-to-care", year = 1998, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "Institute of Medicine and National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine", editor = "Sara Rosenbaum and Patti Simon", title = "Speech and Language Disorders in Children: Implications for the Social Security Administration's Supplemental Security Income Program", isbn = "978-0-309-38875-7", abstract = "Speech and language are central to the human experience; they are the vital means by which people convey and receive knowledge, thoughts, feelings, and other internal experiences. Acquisition of communication skills begins early in childhood and is foundational to the ability to gain access to culturally transmitted knowledge, organize and share thoughts and feelings, and participate in social interactions and relationships. Thus, speech disorders and language disorders\u2014disruptions in communication development\u2014can have wide-ranging and adverse impacts on the ability to communicate and also to acquire new knowledge and fully participate in society. Severe disruptions in speech or language acquisition have both direct and indirect consequences for child and adolescent development, not only in communication, but also in associated abilities such as reading and academic achievement that depend on speech and language skills.\nThe Supplemental Security Income (SSI) program for children provides financial assistance to children from low-income, resource-limited families who are determined to have conditions that meet the disability standard required under law. Between 2000 and 2010, there was an unprecedented rise in the number of applications and the number of children found to meet the disability criteria. The factors that contribute to these changes are a primary focus of this report.\nSpeech and Language Disorders in Children provides an overview of the current status of the diagnosis and treatment of speech and language disorders and levels of impairment in the U.S. population under age 18. This study identifies past and current trends in the prevalence and persistence of speech disorders and language disorders for the general U.S. population under age 18 and compares those trends to trends in the SSI childhood disability population.", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/21872/speech-and-language-disorders-in-children-implications-for-the-social", year = 2016, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "Institute of Medicine", editor = "Carole A. Chrvala and Roger J. Bulger", title = "Leading Health Indicators for Healthy People 2010: Final Report", isbn = "978-0-309-06539-9", abstract = "Healthy People is the nation's agenda for health promotion and disease prevention. The concept, first established in 1979 in a report prepared by the Office of the Surgeon General, has since been revised on a regular basis, and the fourth iteration, known as Healthy People 2010 will take the nation into the 21st century. Leading Health Indicators for Healthy People 2010: Final Report contains a number of recommendations and suggestions for the Department of Health and Human Services that address issues relevant to the composition of leading health indicator sets, data collection, data analysis, effective dissemination strategies, health disparities, and application of the indicators across multiple jurisdictional levels.", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/9436/leading-health-indicators-for-healthy-people-2010-final-report", year = 1999, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "National Research Council", title = "Inner-City Poverty in the United States", isbn = "978-0-309-04279-6", abstract = "This volume documents the continuing growth of concentrated poverty in central cities of the United States and examines what is known about its causes and effects. With careful analyses of policy implications and alternative solutions to the problem, it presents:\n\n A statistical picture of people who live in areas of concentrated poverty.\n An analysis of 80 persistently poor inner-city neighborhoods over a 10-year period.\n Study results on the effects of growing up in a \"bad\" neighborhood.\n An evaluation of how the suburbanization of jobs has affected opportunities for inner-city blacks.\n A detailed examination of federal policies and programs on poverty.\n\nInner-City Poverty in the United States will be a valuable tool for policymakers, program administrators, researchers studying urban poverty issues, faculty, and students.", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/1539/inner-city-poverty-in-the-united-states", year = 1990, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine", title = "Opportunities to Promote Children's Behavioral Health: Health Care Reform and Beyond: Workshop in Brief", abstract = "The adoption of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA) 2010 was a turning point in the history of behavioral health for children and adolescents in the United States. The ACA requires most health insurance plans to conduct behavioral health assessments for children, as well as depression screening for adults. Looking ahead, however, questions have been raised about how to promote children's behavioral health, how to make use of innovations, and how to sustain funding over time. To respond to these questions, the Forum on Promoting Children's Cognitive, Affective, and Behavioral Health of the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine held a workshop in Washington, D.C., on April 1-2, 2015. The workshop focused on how recent reforms in health care provide new opportunities to promote children's cognitive, affective, and behavioral health. It also assessed behavioral health needs of all children, including those with special physical or behavioral health conditions, and programs that support families.This report summarizes the presentations and discussion of the workshop.", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/23545/opportunities-to-promote-childrens-behavioral-health-health-care-reform-and", year = 2016, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine", editor = "Anthony DePinto", title = "Representing Lived Experience in the Climate and Economic Justice Screening Tool: Proceedings of a Workshop–in Brief", abstract = "This new publication presents highlights of a June 2023 workshop that focused on a new geospatial tool developed by the White House Council on Environmental Quality to identify communities experiencing climate and economic burdens. The tool, called the Climate and Economic Justice Screening Tool, will be used to guide federal investments to further the White House\u2019s Justice40 Initiative. The workshop explored how well data in the tool represents the lived experiences of historically marginalized and overburdened communities in the United States. \nParticipants included researchers, policy makers and community members from a wide range of regional, cultural, ethnic, and socioeconomic backgrounds. Topics discussed included potential data gaps, the impact of climate and economic burdens, regional differences in data, historical factors that affect community health and wellbeing, and other inputs to the tool that might help it accurately identify disadvantaged communities.This publication summarizes the presentation and discussion of the workshop.", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/27158/representing-lived-experience-in-the-climate-and-economic-justice-screening-tool", year = 2023, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "Institute of Medicine", editor = "Adrienne Stith Butler and Ellen Wright Clayton", title = "A Review of the HHS Family Planning Program: Mission, Management, and Measurement of Results", isbn = "978-0-309-13117-9", abstract = "A Review of the HHS Family Planning Program provides a broad evaluation of the Title X family planning program since its establishment in 1970. The program successfully provides family planning services to its target audience of low-income individuals, but there is room for improvement. While the program's core goals are apparent, a secondary set of changing priorities has emerged without a clear, evidence-based strategic process. Also, funding for the program has increased in actual dollars, but has not kept pace with inflation or increased costs. Several aspects of the program's structure could be improved to increase the ability of Title X to meet the needs of its target population. At the same time, the extent to which the program meets those needs cannot be assessed without a greater capacity for long-term data collection.\n\nA Review of the HHS Family Planning Program recommends several specific steps to enhance the management and improve the quality of the program, as well as to demonstrate its direct contribution to important end results, such as reducing rates of unintended pregnancy, cervical cancer, and infertility. The book will guide the Office of Family Planning toward improving the effectiveness of the program. Other parties who will find the research and recommendations valuable include programs receiving Title X funding from the Office of Family Planning, policy makers, researchers, and professional organizations.", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/12585/a-review-of-the-hhs-family-planning-program-mission-management", year = 2009, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "Institute of Medicine and National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine", editor = "Thomas F. Boat and Joel T. Wu", title = "Mental Disorders and Disabilities Among Low-Income Children", isbn = "978-0-309-37685-3", abstract = "Children living in poverty are more likely to have mental health problems, and their conditions are more likely to be severe. Of the approximately 1.3 million children who were recipients of Supplemental Security Income (SSI) disability benefits in 2013, about 50% were disabled primarily due to a mental disorder. An increase in the number of children who are recipients of SSI benefits due to mental disorders has been observed through several decades of the program beginning in 1985 and continuing through 2010. Nevertheless, less than 1% of children in the United States are recipients of SSI disability benefits for a mental disorder. \n\nAt the request of the Social Security Administration, Mental Disorders and Disability Among Low-Income Children compares national trends in the number of children with mental disorders with the trends in the number of children receiving benefits from the SSI program, and describes the possible factors that may contribute to any differences between the two groups. This report provides an overview of the current status of the diagnosis and treatment of mental disorders, and the levels of impairment in the U.S. population under age 18. The report focuses on 6 mental disorders, chosen due to their prevalence and the severity of disability attributed to those disorders within the SSI disability program: attention-deficit\/hyperactivity disorder, oppositional defiant disorder\/conduct disorder, autism spectrum disorder, intellectual disability, learning disabilities, and mood disorders. While this report is not a comprehensive discussion of these disorders, Mental Disorders and Disability Among Low-Income Children provides the best currently available information regarding demographics, diagnosis, treatment, and expectations for the disorder time course - both the natural course and under treatment. \n", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/21780/mental-disorders-and-disabilities-among-low-income-children", year = 2015, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine", editor = "La Rue Allen and Emily P. Backes", title = "Transforming the Financing of Early Care and Education", isbn = "978-0-309-47040-7", abstract = "High-quality early care and education for children from birth to kindergarten entry is critical to positive child development and has the potential to generate economic returns, which benefit not only children and their families but society at large. Despite the great promise of early care and education, it has been financed in such a way that high-quality early care and education have only been available to a fraction of the families needing and desiring it and does little to further develop the early-care-and-education (ECE) workforce. It is neither sustainable nor adequate to provide the quality of care and learning that children and families need\u2014a shortfall that further perpetuates and drives inequality. \nTransforming the Financing of Early Care and Education outlines a framework for a funding strategy that will provide reliable, accessible high-quality early care and education for young children from birth to kindergarten entry, including a highly qualified and adequately compensated workforce that is consistent with the vision outlined in the 2015 report, Transforming the Workforce for Children Birth Through Age 8: A Unifying Foundation. The recommendations of this report are based on essential features of child development and early learning, and on principles for high-quality professional practice at the levels of individual practitioners, practice environments, leadership, systems, policies, and resource allocation.", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/24984/transforming-the-financing-of-early-care-and-education", year = 2018, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "National Research Council", editor = "Thomas J. Plewes", title = "Databases for Estimating Health Insurance Coverage for Children: A Workshop Summary", isbn = "978-0-309-16240-1", abstract = "This report summarizes the proceedings of a workshop convened in June 2010 to critically examine the various databases that could provide national and state-level estimates of low-income uninsured children and could be effectively used as criteria for monitoring children's health insurance coverage.", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/13024/databases-for-estimating-health-insurance-coverage-for-children-a-workshop", year = 2010, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "National Research Council", title = "Letter Report from the Panel to Review the USDA Methodology for Estimating Eligibility and Participation for the WIC Program", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/10396/letter-report-from-the-panel-to-review-the-usda-methodology-for-estimating-eligibility-and-participation-for-the-wic-program", year = 2002, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine", editor = "Andrew Koltun", title = "Informing the Selection of Leading Health Indicators for Healthy People 2030: Proceedings of a Workshop—in Brief", abstract = "Experts from the health measurement and population health fields gathered on May 28, 2019, in Washington, DC, at a workshop organized by the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine for the Committee on Informing the Selection of Leading Health Indicators for Healthy People 2030. The workshop presentations and discussion aimed to help inform the committee\u2019s task, which is to advise on the criteria for selecting Healthy People 2030's Leading Health Indicators (LHIs) and to propose a slate of LHIs for the Healthy People Federal Interagency Workgroup to consider in finalizing the Healthy People 2030 plan. This publication summarizes the presentation and discussion of the workshop.", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/25654/informing-the-selection-of-leading-health-indicators-for-healthy-people-2030", year = 2020, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "Institute of Medicine", title = "Health Insurance is a Family Matter", isbn = "978-0-309-08518-2", abstract = "Health Insurance is a Family Matter is the third of a series of six reports on the problems of uninsurance in the United Sates and addresses the impact on the family of not having health insurance. The book demonstrates that having one or more uninsured members in a family can have adverse consequences for everyone in the household and that the financial, physical, and emotional well\u2014being of all members of a family may be adversely affected if any family member lacks coverage. It concludes with the finding that uninsured children have worse access to and use fewer health care services than children with insurance, including important preventive services that can have beneficial long-term effects.", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/10503/health-insurance-is-a-family-matter", year = 2002, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "Transportation Research Board and National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine", editor = "Antonio Santalucia and Bethany Whitaker and Ellen Oettinger", title = "Potential Impacts of Federal Health Care Reform on Public Transit", abstract = "TRB\u2019s National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Research Results Digest 383: Potential Impacts of Federal Health Care Reform on Public Transit explores provisions of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act that are likely to have the largest and most direct impacts on public transit agencies and operations, particularly those in rural and small urban areas. The report also describes pre-existing legal requirements that govern the roles public transit can currently play in transportation related to health care.", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/22540/potential-impacts-of-federal-health-care-reform-on-public-transit", year = 2013, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "Institute of Medicine", title = "Leading Health Indicators for Healthy People 2010: Second Interim Report", isbn = "978-0-309-06383-8", abstract = "During Spring 1998, the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS) contracted with the National Academy of Sciences (NAS), Institute of Medicine (IOM) to conduct a multi phase project resulting in the development of sets of leading health indicators that would provide a 'face' for Healthy People 2010. Of equal or greater importance was the development of indicator sets that would attract and sustain public attention and motivation to engage in healthy behaviors. Development of such leading health indicators sets is intended to move the United States toward achievement of more positive health outcomes for the general population and for select population groups defined by race, ethnicity, gender, age, socio-economic status, level of education, and disability.\nThis second interim report presents a summary of the efforts of the IOM Committee on Leading Health Indicators for Healthy People 2010 to develop sample sets of leading health indicators that would meet the requisite functions of attracting and sustaining attention and motivating engagement in healthier behaviors by the public. Reactions to this report and more specifically, to the potential leading health indicator sets and suggested measures, will be solicited from the public health community as well as representatives of diverse consumer audiences through electronic communication, regional public meetings convened by DHHS, focus group discussions with target populations, and other information-gathering techniques. Review of information from these various sources will be summarized in a third and final report for DHHS to be published in April 1999. The third report will also include the committee's final recommendations regarding the functions to be fulfilled by leading health indicators, will define specific criteria underlying the selection of leading health indicators, and will identify specific sets of leading health indicators to be promoted and monitored during the decade 2000 to 2010.", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/6381/leading-health-indicators-for-healthy-people-2010-second-interim-report", year = 1999, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "Institute of Medicine", title = "Proposed Criteria for Selecting the WIC Food Packages: A Preliminary Report of the Committee to Review the WIC Food Packages", isbn = "978-0-309-09298-2", abstract = "Started in 1974, the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) was designed to meet the special nutritional needs of low-income pregnant, breastfeeding, or postpartum women; infants; and children up to 5 years of age who have at least one nutritional risk factor. The WIC Program provides three main benefits: supplemental foods, nutrition education, and referrals to health and social services. \n\nSince the inception of the WIC program, substantial changes in size and demographics of the population, food supply and dietary patterns, and health concerns have made it necessary to review the WIC food packages. Proposed Criteria for Selecting the WIC Food Packages proposes priority nutrients and general nutrition recommendations for the WIC program, and recommends specific changes to the WIC packages.", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/11078/proposed-criteria-for-selecting-the-wic-food-packages-a-preliminary", year = 2004, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "Institute of Medicine", editor = "Morgan A. Ford and Carol Mason Spicer", title = "Monitoring HIV Care in the United States: A Strategy for Generating National Estimates of HIV Care and Coverage", isbn = "978-0-309-25715-2", abstract = "In September 2010, the White House Office of National AIDS Policy commissioned an Institute of Medicine (IOM) committee to respond to a two-part statement of task concerning how to monitor care for people with HIV. The IOM convened a committee of 17 members with expertise in HIV clinical care and supportive services, epidemiology, biostatistics, health policy, and other areas to respond to this task. The committee's first report, Monitoring HIV Care in the United States: Indicators and Data Systems, was released in March 2012. The report identified 14 core indicators of clinical HIV care and mental health, substance abuse, and supportive services for use by the Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) to monitor the impact of the National HIV\/AIDS Strategy (NHAS) and the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA) on improvements in HIV care and identified sources of data to estimate the indicators.\nThe report also addressed a series of questions related to the collection, analysis, and dissemination of data necessary to estimate the indicators.\nIn this second report, Monitoring HIV Care in the United States: A Strategy for Generating National Estimates of HIV Care and Coverage, the committee addresses how to obtain national estimates that characterize the health care of people with HIV within the context of the ACA, both before 2014 and after 2014, when key provisions of the ACA will be implemented. This report focuses on how to monitor the anticipated changes in health care coverage, service utilization, and quality of care for people with HIV within the context of the ACA.", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/13408/monitoring-hiv-care-in-the-united-states-a-strategy-for", year = 2012, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" }