TY - BOOK AU - Transportation Research Board AU - National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine A2 - Justin Owens A2 - Tammy Trimble A2 - Erem Memisyazici A2 - Christopher LaRose A2 - Neha Trivedi A2 - Victoria Hallman A2 - Sanda Pećina TI - Communicating Safe Behavior Practices to Vulnerable Road Users DO - 10.17226/27327 PY - 2023 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/27327/communicating-safe-behavior-practices-to-vulnerable-road-users PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Transportation and Infrastructure AB - Vulnerable road users (VRUs) include pedestrians, cyclists, and motorcyclists, all of whom lack the basic safety protections provided to vehicle occupants by automobiles. Fatality rates for VRUs remain unacceptably high. To meaningfully improve roadway safety for VRUs, it is important to understand the safety problems and domains with the highest potential for improvement based on the factors that contribute to crashes and the factors that can be mitigated by behavioral changes.BTSCRP Web-Only Document 6: Communicating Safe Behavior Practices to Vulnerable Road Users, from TRB's Behavioral Traffic Safety Cooperative Research Program, presents a toolkit to help traffic safety practitioners communicate safe behavior practices to VRUs.Supplemental to the document are dataset appendices that include Campaign Information, a Workshop Feedback Resolution Matrix, and a Sample Media Buy as well as a Toolkit Presentation. ER - TY - BOOK AU - Transportation Research Board TI - The Relative Risks of School Travel: A National Perspective and Guidance for Local Community Risk Assessment -- Special Report 269 DO - 10.17226/10409 PY - 2002 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/10409/the-relative-risks-of-school-travel-a-national-perspective-and PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - AB - TRB Special Report 269 - The Relative Risks of School Travel: A National Perspective and Guidance for Local Community Risk Assessment presents a method to estimate, on a per-mile and per-trip basis, the relative risks that students face in traveling to and from school by walking, bicycling, riding in passenger vehicles with adult drivers, riding in passenger vehicles with teenage drivers, or taking a bus.  These estimated risk measures can assist localities in developing policies to improve the safety of students traveling to school and in evaluating policies that affect mode choices by students and their parents.  The report also includes checklists of actions to reduce the risks associated with each mode of school travel. Children in the United States travel to and from school and school-related activities by a variety of modes. Because parents and their school-age children have a limited understanding of the risks associated with each mode, it is unlikely that these risks greatly influence their school travel choices. Public perceptions of school transportation safety are heavily influenced by school bus (i.e., "yellow bus") services. When children are killed or injured in crashes involving school buses, the link to school transportation appears obvious; when children are killed or injured in crashes that occur when they are traveling to or from school or school-related activities by other modes, however, the purpose of the trip is often not known or recorded, and the risks are not coded in a school-related category. Despite such limitations and the fact that estimates of the risks across school travel modes are confounded by inconsistent and incomplete data, sufficient information is available to make gross comparisons of the relative risks among modes used for school travel and to provide guidance for risk management. Each year approximately 800 school-aged children are killed in motor vehicle crashes during normal school travel hours. This figure represents about 14 percent of the 5,600 child deaths that occur annually on U.S. roadways and 2 percent of the nation’s yearly total of 40,000 motor vehicle deaths. Of these 800 deaths, about 20 (2 percent)—5 school bus passengers and 15 pedestrians—are school bus–related. The other 98 percent of school-aged deaths occur in passenger vehicles or to pedestrians, bicyclists, or motorcyclists. A disproportionate share of these passenger vehicle–related deaths (approximately 450 of the 800 deaths, or 55 percent) occur when a teenager is driving. At the same time, approximately 152,000 school-age children are nonfatally injured during normal school travel hours each year. More than 80 percent (about 130,000) of these nonfatal injuries occur in passenger vehicles; only 4 percent (about 6,000) are school bus–related (about 5,500 school bus passengers and 500 school bus pedestrians), 11 percent (about 16,500) occur to pedestrians and bicyclists, and fewer than 1 percent (500) are to passengers in other buses. When school travel modes are compared, the distribution of injuries and fatalities is found to be quite different from that of trips and miles traveled. Three modes (school buses, other buses, and passenger vehicles with adult drivers) have injury estimates and fatality counts below those expected on the basis of the exposure to risk implied by the number of trips taken or student-miles traveled. For example, school buses represent 25 percent of the miles traveled by students but account for less than 4 percent of the injuries and 2 percent of the fatalities. Conversely, the other three modal classifications (passenger vehicles with teen drivers, bicycling, and walking) have estimated injury rates and fatality counts disproportionately greater than expected on the basis of exposure data. For example, passenger vehicles with teen drivers account for more than half of the injuries and fatalities, a much greater proportion than the 14–16 percent that would be expected on the basis of student-miles and trips. Special Report 269 Summary ER - TY - BOOK AU - National Research Council TI - Fatalities in Small Underground Coal Mines DO - 10.17226/18721 PY - 1983 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/18721/fatalities-in-small-underground-coal-mines PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - KW - Industry and Labor ER - TY - BOOK AU - Transportation Research Board TI - TRB Special Report 300 - Achieving Traffic Safety Goals in the United States: Lessons from Other Nations DO - 10.17226/13046 PY - 2010 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/13046/trb-special-report-300-achieving-traffic-safety-goals-in-the-united-states PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - AB - TRB has released the prepublication version of Special Report 300: Achieving Traffic Safety Goals in the United States: Lessons from Other Nations. The report explores the reasons why several high-income nations have achieved better highway safety records than the United States and recommends best practices from abroad that would fit in the U.S. context. The report examines traffic safety program management practices, risk reduction techniques, and the sources of public and political support for safety interventions. According to the committee that produced the report, the United States could see greater improvement in highway safety through the adoption of systematic, results-oriented safety management practices that are flexible enough to take into consideration local and regional legal constraints, community attitudes, resources, and road system and traffic characteristics. ER - TY - BOOK AU - Transportation Research Board AU - National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine TI - Safety Research for a Changing Highway Environment: Special Report 229 DO - 10.17226/11411 PY - 1990 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/11411/safety-research-for-a-changing-highway-environment-special-report-229 PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Transportation and Infrastructure AB - TRB Special Report 229 - Safety Research for a Changing Highway Environment examines how well the highway safety research community is prepared to address emerging safety problems and to capitalize on opportunities for their solution.The committee that produced this report was particularly interested in how the research process could be better managed to encourage innovation and more effective use of resources. Specifically, the study committee (a) reviewed the characteristics and scale of existing highway safety problems and research, (b) identified promising areas for research that merit more attention or that warrant continuing study, and (c) examined the financial and institutional arrangements that may be needed to refocus research on these priorities. ER - TY - BOOK AU - National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine TI - Rapid Expert Consultation on Data Elements and Systems Design for Modeling and Decision Making for the COVID-19 Pandemic (March 21, 2020) DO - 10.17226/25755 PY - 2020 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/25755/rapid-expert-consultation-on-data-elements-and-systems-design-for-modeling-and-decision-making-for-the-covid-19-pandemic-march-21-2020 PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Health and Medicine AB - This rapid expert consultation responds to a request from the Office of Science and Technology Policy (OSTP) concerning questions about necessary data elements, sources of data, gaps in collection, and suggestions for data system design and integration to improve modeling and decision-making for COVID-19. The National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine convened a standing committee of experts to help inform the Office of Science and Technology Policy on critical science and policy issues related to emerging infectious diseases and other public health threats. The standing committee includes members with expertise in emerging infectious diseases, public health, public health preparedness and response, biological sciences, clinical care and crisis standards of care, risk communication, and regulatory issues. ER - TY - BOOK AU - Transportation Research Board TI - Managing Speed: Review of Current Practices for Setting and Enforcing Speed Limits -- Special Report 254 DO - 10.17226/11387 PY - 1998 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/11387/managing-speed-review-of-current-practices-for-setting-and-enforcing PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Transportation and Infrastructure AB - TRB Special Report 254 - Managing Speed: Review of Current Practices for Setting and Enforcing Speed Limits reviews practices for setting and enforcing speed limits on all types of roads and provides guidance to state and local governments on appropriate methods of setting speed limits and related enforcement strategies. Following an executive summary, the report is presented in six chapters and five appendices. ER - TY - BOOK AU - Transportation Research Board AU - National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine A2 - Daniel Blower A2 - Carol Flannagan A2 - Srinivas Geedipally A2 - Dominique Lord A2 - Robert Wunderlich TI - Identification of Factors Contributing to the Decline of Traffic Fatalities in the United States from 2008 to 2012 DO - 10.17226/25590 PY - 2020 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/25590/identification-of-factors-contributing-to-the-decline-of-traffic-fatalities-in-the-united-states-from-2008-to-2012 PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Transportation and Infrastructure AB - Between 2005 and 2011, the number of traffic fatalities in the U.S. declined by 11,031, from 43,510 in 2005 to 32,479 in 2011. This decline amounted to a reduction in traffic-related deaths of 25.4 percent, by far the greatest decline over a comparable period in the last 30 years.Historically, significant drops in traffic fatalities over a short period of time have coincided with economic recessions. Longer recessions have coincided with deeper declines in the number of traffic fatalities. This TRB National Cooperative Highway Research Program's NCHRP Research Report 928: Identification of Factors Contributing to the Decline of Traffic Fatalities in the United States from 2008 to 2012 provides an analysis that identifies the specific factors in the economic decline that affected fatal crash risk, while taking into account the long-term factors that determine the level of traffic safety.A key insight into the analysis of the factors that produced the sharp drop in traffic fatalities was that the young contributed disproportionately to the drop-off in traffic fatalities. Of the reduction in traffic fatalities from 2007 to 2011, people 25-years-old and younger accounted for nearly 48 percent of the drop, though they were only about 28 percent of total traffic fatalities prior to the decline. Traffic deaths among people 25-years-old and younger dropped substantially more than other groups. Young drivers are known to be a high-risk group and can be readily identified in the crash data. Other high-risk groups also likely contributed to the decline but they cannot be identified as well as age can. ER - TY - BOOK AU - Transportation Research Board AU - National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine TI - Improving the Compatibility of Vehicles and Roadside Safety Hardware DO - 10.17226/17607 PY - 2004 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/17607/improving-the-compatibility-of-vehicles-and-roadside-safety-hardware PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Transportation and Infrastructure AB - TRB’s National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Web Document 61: Improving the Compatibility of Vehicles and Roadside Safety Hardware examines current and future vehicle characteristics that are potentially incompatible with existing roadside safety hardware, assesses opportunities for and barriers to improved compatibility, and increases the vehicle and hardware manufacturers’ awareness of compatibility problems. ER - TY - BOOK AU - Transportation Research Board AU - National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine TI - 55: A Decade of Experience -- Special Report 204 DO - 10.17226/11373 PY - 1984 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/11373/55-a-decade-of-experience-special-report-204 PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Transportation and Infrastructure AB - TRB Special Report 204: 55 -- A Decade of Experience evaluates the benefits and costs of the 55 mph speed limit and assesses the effectiveness of state laws in inducing compliance.The findings and recommendations of the committee are presented in this report, along with the unresolved issues that surround the appropriate speed limit for selected roads. The committee findings on the consequences of the 55 mph speed limit relate to safety, energy, taxpayer costs, and travel time. Recent trends in motorist compliance and pressures for change are also discussed. Recommendations of the committee are that the 55 mph speed limit should be retained on almost all of the nation's highways and that the federal government should measure state compliance with the speed limit through a point system that attaches more significance to high-speed violations than to violations just above the speed limit. ER - TY - BOOK AU - Transportation Research Board AU - National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine TI - Safety Impacts and Other Implications of Raised Speed Limits on High-Speed Roads DO - 10.17226/23259 PY - 2006 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/23259/safety-impacts-and-other-implications-of-raised-speed-limits-on-high-speed-roads PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Transportation and Infrastructure AB - TRB’s National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Research Results Digest 303: Safety Impacts and Other Implications of Raised Speed Limits on High-Speed Roads explores the effects of raised speed limits from 55 miles per hour or greater on freeways and non-freeways in rural and urban settings. The effects considered included impacts on safety and operations, as well as socioeconomic and environmental effects. The full report is available on the TRB website as NCHRP Web-Only Document 90. ER - TY - BOOK AU - Institute of Medicine A2 - Howard Frumkin A2 - Richard J. Jackson A2 - Christine M. Coussens TI - Health and the Environment in the Southeastern United States: Rebuilding Unity: Workshop Summary SN - DO - 10.17226/10535 PY - 2002 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/10535/health-and-the-environment-in-the-southeastern-united-states-rebuilding PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Environment and Environmental Studies KW - Health and Medicine AB - The purpose of this regional workshop in the Southeast was to broaden the environmental health perspective from its typical focus on environmental toxicology to a view that included the impact of the natural, built, and social environments on human health. Early in the planning, Roundtable members realized that the process of engaging speakers and developing an agenda for the workshop would be nearly as instructive as the workshop itself. In their efforts to encourage a wide scope of participation, Roundtable members sought input from individuals from a broad range of diverse fields-urban planners, transportation engineers, landscape architects, developers, clergy, local elected officials, heads of industry, and others. This workshop summary captures the discussions that occurred during the two-day meeting. During this workshop, four main themes were explored: (1) environmental and individual health are intrinsically intertwined; (2) traditional methods of ensuring environmental health protection, such as regulations, should be balanced by more cooperative approaches to problem solving; (3) environmental health efforts should be holistic and interdisciplinary; and (4) technological advances, along with coordinated action across educational, business, social, and political spheres, offer great hope for protecting environmental health. This workshop report is an informational document that provides a summary of the regional meeting. ER - TY - BOOK AU - National Research Council TI - Environmental Impacts of Wind-Energy Projects SN - DO - 10.17226/11935 PY - 2007 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/11935/environmental-impacts-of-wind-energy-projects PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Energy and Energy Conservation AB - The generation of electricity by wind energy has the potential to reduce environmental impacts caused by the use of fossil fuels. Although the use of wind energy to generate electricity is increasing rapidly in the United States, government guidance to help communities and developers evaluate and plan proposed wind-energy projects is lacking. Environmental Impacts of Wind-Energy Projects offers an analysis of the environmental benefits and drawbacks of wind energy, along with an evaluation guide to aid decision-making about projects. It includes a case study of the mid-Atlantic highlands, a mountainous area that spans parts of West Virginia, Virginia, Maryland, and Pennsylvania. This book will inform policy makers at the federal, state, and local levels. ER - TY - BOOK AU - Institute of Medicine TI - Assessment of Future Scientific Needs for Live Variola Virus SN - DO - 10.17226/6445 PY - 1999 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/6445/assessment-of-future-scientific-needs-for-live-variola-virus PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Health and Medicine KW - Conflict and Security Issues AB - In 1980, the World Health Organization (WHO) officially declared that smallpox had been eradicated. In 1986, WHO's international Ad Hoc Committee on Orthopox Virus Infections unanimously recommended destruction of the two remaining official stocks of variola virus, one at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the other at the VECTOR laboratory in Siberia. In June 1999, WHO decided to delay the destruction of these stocks. Informing that decision was Assessment of Future Scientific Needs for Variola Virus, which examines: Whether the sequenced variola genome, vaccinia, and monkey pox virus are adequate for future research or whether the live variola virus itself is needed to assist in the development of antiviral therapies. What further benefits, if any, would likely be gained through the use of variola in research and development efforts related to agent detection, diagnosis, prevention, and treatment. What unique potential benefits, if any, the study of variola would have in increasing our fundamental understanding of the biology, host-agent interactions, pathogenesis, and immune mechanisms of viral diseases. ER - TY - BOOK AU - Transportation Research Board AU - National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine TI - Safety Impacts and Other Implications of Raised Speed Limits on High-Speed Roads DO - 10.17226/22048 PY - 2006 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/22048/safety-impacts-and-other-implications-of-raised-speed-limits-on-high-speed-roads PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Transportation and Infrastructure AB - TRB’s National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Web-Only Document 90: Safety Impacts and Other Implications of Raised Speed Limits on High-Speed Roads examines how safety, economic, environmental, and commercial conditions on high-speed roadway may be impacted by a change in the speed limit. Safety-related analyses included in the report were based on a comprehensive framework of the disaggregate relationships between speed limits, driver speed choices, crash occurrence, and crash severity. An expanded summary of the report has been published as NCHRP Research Results Digest 303. ER - TY - BOOK AU - Transportation Research Board AU - National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine A2 - Dan Middleton A2 - Patricia Turner A2 - Hassan Charara A2 - Srinivasa Sunkari A2 - Srinivas Geedipally A2 - Robert Scopatz TI - Improving the Quality of Motorcycle Travel Data Collection DO - 10.17226/22444 PY - 2013 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/22444/improving-the-quality-of-motorcycle-travel-data-collection PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Transportation and Infrastructure AB - TRB’s National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Report 760: Improving the Quality of Motorcycle Travel Data Collection presents an analysis of traffic counting technologies and data collection protocols designed to help improve the reliability of motorcycle travel data.The technologies examined include infrared classifiers, inductive loops/piezoelectric sensors, magnetometers, multi-sensor technologies, and tracking video. The report describes the performance of each technology in terms of accuracy, initial cost, portability, and ease of setup and operation.The report also evaluates and validates a hypothesis that motorcycle crash locations are reasonable predictors of traffic volume. A correlation between crash sites and volume may enable a state department of transportation to select traffic counting locations that could yield more accurate data on motorcycle traffic volumes. ER - TY - BOOK AU - Transportation Research Board AU - National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine A2 - Erik D. Minge TI - Emergency Medical Services Response to Motor Vehicle Crashes in Rural Areas DO - 10.17226/22503 PY - 2013 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/22503/emergency-medical-services-response-to-motor-vehicle-crashes-in-rural-areas PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Transportation and Infrastructure AB - TRB’s National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Synthesis 451: Emergency Medical Services Response to Motor Vehicle Crashes in Rural Areas identifies potential factors that may help reduce the time needed to provide effective medical care to crash occupants on rural roads. ER - TY - BOOK AU - Institute of Medicine A2 - Bernard D. Goldstein A2 - Baruch Fischhoff A2 - Steven J. Marcus A2 - Christine M. Coussens TI - Ensuring Environmental Health in Postindustrial Cities: Workshop Summary SN - DO - 10.17226/10826 PY - 2003 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/10826/ensuring-environmental-health-in-postindustrial-cities-workshop-summary PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Environment and Environmental Studies KW - Health and Medicine AB - the Institute of Medicine Roundtable on Environmental Health Science, Research, and Medicine held a regional workshop in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, on March 13, 2003. This workshop was a continued outgrowth from the Roundtable's first workshop when its members realized that the challenges facing those in the field of environmental health could not be addressed without a new definition of environmental health--one that incorporates the natural, built, and social environment. The Roundtable realized that the industrial legacy is not unique to Pittsburgh. Other cities around the world have seen their industries disappear, and it is only a matter of time before some of the Pittsburghs of today, such as Wuhan, China, (a sister city) will need to address similar problems. One goal for this IOM Environmental Health Roundtable Workshop is to extract lessons from Pittsburgh's experience in addressing the post-industrial challenge, distilling lessons that might be useful elsewhere. ER - TY - BOOK AU - Transportation Research Board AU - National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine TI - Shopping for Safety: Providing Customer Automotive Safety Information: Providing Consumer Automotive Safety Information -- Special Report 248 DO - 10.17226/9698 PY - 1996 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/9698/shopping-for-safety-providing-customer-automotive-safety-information-providing-consumer PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Transportation and Infrastructure AB - TRB Special Report 248 - Shopping for Safety: Providing Customer Automotive Safety Information examines consumer needs for automotive safety information and the most cost-effective and meaningful methods of communicating this information.Since passage of the National Traffic and Motor Vehicle Safety Act of 1966, which created the agency known today as the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA), establishment of motor vehicle safety standards has been a primary emphasis of federal policy. Numerous such standards have been introduced, including those mandating collapsible steering columns, nonlacerating windshields, safety belts, and air bags. Although the role played by these measures cannot be determined, the rate of motor vehicle fatalities has declined by 70 percent since 1966. Yet an annual toll in excess of 40,000 highway deaths suggests that more can be done in the area of vehicle safety. Mindful of the growing interest in motor vehicle safety features and the federal role in automotive safety, Congress requested a study of related consumer information needs in 1994. Consumers have increasingly been demanding and paying for more vehicle safety features, such as antilock braking systems and air bags. Consumer magazines, such as Consumer Reports, provide safety information about vehicles, and a prominent television program even features the crash test results of the Insurance Institute for Highway Safety. The strong and growing consumer interest in safety indicates that the government could influence which vehicles and vehicle features consumers seek out to provide for their own safety.Perhaps the most common question consumers ask is which car is safest. Unfortunately, there is no good answer to this question. Many vehicle, driver, and roadside features influence crash outcomes in ways that are difficult to predict. The committee that produced this report concluded that the federal government could facilitate progress toward an overall measure of vehicle safety by investing in research and by working with experts in academia and industry. Because of the complexities involved and the current lack of adequate data on many salient variables, however, achievement of such a goal would take many years. In the nearer term, NHTSA could do much to improve the quality of existing information and convey it to consumers more clearly and efficiently. For example, the agency could give consumers a better understanding of the importance of vehicle dimensions for safety outcomes, the benefits of proper use of vehicle safety features, the frequency of crash types for which tests exist, and the uncertainties associated with crash tests themselves. ER - TY - BOOK AU - National Research Council TI - Safety is Seguridad: A Workshop Summary SN - DO - 10.17226/10641 PY - 2003 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/10641/safety-is-seguridad-a-workshop-summary PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Industry and Labor KW - Earth Sciences AB - Approximately 32.8 million persons of Hispanic descent live in the United States, half of whom were born outside the United States (Therrien and Ramirez, 2000). By the year 2050, it is expected that Hispanics will constitute more than 25 percent of the total U.S. population and approximately 15 percent of the U.S. labor force. These estimates and the fact that 90 percent of Hispanic American men and 60 percent of Hispanic American women participate in the U.S. workforce strongly suggest a need for occupational safety and health information in Spanish. The growing presence of Spanish-speaking workers and employers in the United States and the unprecedented 12-percent increase in the overall rate of workplace fatalities among Hispanic workers in 2000 highlights the need to better communicate occupational safety and health information in Spanish to both employees and employers. To address this need the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) is preparing a strategy for developing and disseminating Spanish-language occupational safety and health educational and technical material. To gather information necessary to create this strategic plan the National Research Council (NRC) was asked to host a workshop. The committee commissioned five white papers (see Appendices D-H) and organized a workshop on May 29-30, in San Diego, California. Safety is Seguridad: A Workshop Summary is a synopsis of the presentations and discussions at the workshop. It does not contain any conclusions and recommendations. The conclusions and recommendations in the white papers represent the views of the authors and not necessarily those of the committee or the NRC. It is intended as input to the NIOSH strategic planning in this area. Chapter 2 discusses the available information and identifies information gaps regarding risks and adverse events for Latino workers. Chapter 3 examines the available health and safety training resource materials for Latino workers, especially for those with little or no English capabilities; in particular, it discusses issues of the linguistic and cultural appropriateness of materials. Chapter 4 considers issues surrounding the assessment of existing materials and the development of new materials. Chapter 5 discusses the various means of conveying information to Spanish-speaking workers, again focusing on cultural appropriateness and ways of maximizing understanding. Chapter 6 summarizes the discussion in the prior chapters and presents some overarching issues raised by the workshop attendees. ER -