TY - BOOK AU - National Research Council TI - Spacecraft Water Exposure Guidelines for Selected Contaminants: Volume 3 SN - DO - 10.17226/12527 PY - 2008 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/12527/spacecraft-water-exposure-guidelines-for-selected-contaminants-volume-3 PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Space and Aeronautics AB - NASA maintains an active interest in the environmental conditions associated with living and working in spacecraft and identifying hazards that might adversely affect the health and well-being of crew members. Despite major engineering advances in controlling the spacecraft environment, some water and air contamination is inevitable. Several hundred chemical species are likely to be found in the closed environment of the spacecraft, and as the frequency, complexity, and duration of human space flight increase, identifying and understanding significant health hazards will become more complicated and more critical for the success of the missions. To protect space crews from contaminants in potable and hygiene water, NASA requested that the National Research Council NRC provide guidance on how to develop water exposure guidelines and subsequently review NASA's development of the exposure guidelines for specific chemicals. This book presents spacecraft water exposure guidelines (SWEGs) for antimony, benzene, ethylene glycol, methanol, methyl ethyl ketone, and propylene glycol. ER - TY - BOOK AU - National Research Council TI - Spacecraft Maximum Allowable Concentrations for Selected Airborne Contaminants: Volume 3 SN - DO - 10.17226/5435 PY - 1996 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/5435/spacecraft-maximum-allowable-concentrations-for-selected-airborne-contaminants-volume-3 PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Space and Aeronautics KW - Environment and Environmental Studies AB - The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) has measured numerous airborne contaminants in spacecraft during space missions because of the potential toxicological hazards to humans that might be associated with prolonged spacecraft missions. This volume reviews the spacecraft maximum allowable concentrations (SMACs) for various contaminants to determine whether NASA's recommended exposure limits are consistent with recommendations in the National Research Council's 1992 volume Guidelines for Developing Spacecraft Maximum Allowable Concentrations for Space Station Contaminants. ER - TY - BOOK AU - Institute of Medicine A2 - Andrew M. Pope A2 - David P. Rall TI - Environmental Medicine: Integrating a Missing Element into Medical Education SN - DO - 10.17226/4795 PY - 1995 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/4795/environmental-medicine-integrating-a-missing-element-into-medical-education PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Health and Medicine AB - People are increasingly concerned about potential environmental health hazards and often ask their physicians questions such as: "Is the tap water safe to drink?" "Is it safe to live near power lines?" Unfortunately, physicians often lack the information and training related to environmental health risks needed to answer such questions. This book discusses six competency based learning objectives for all medical school students, discusses the relevance of environmental health to specific courses and clerkships, and demonstrates how to integrate environmental health into the curriculum through published case studies, some of which are included in one of the book's three appendices. Also included is a guide on where to obtain additional information for treatment, referral, and follow-up for diseases with possible environmental and/or occupational origins. ER - TY - BOOK AU - Transportation Research Board AU - National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine TI - Alternative Aircraft and Pavement Deicers and Anti-Icing Formulations with Improved Environmental Characteristics DO - 10.17226/14370 PY - 2010 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/14370/alternative-aircraft-and-pavement-deicers-and-anti-icing-formulations-with-improved-environmental-characteristics PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Transportation and Infrastructure AB - TRB’s Airport Cooperative Research Program (ACRP) Research Results Digest 9: Alternative Aircraft and Pavement Deicers and Anti-Icing Formulations with Improved Environmental Characteristics explores the aquatic toxicity and biological oxygen demand state of the art, components, and promising alternative formulations of deicing and anti-icing products. The report also examines the performance; efficiency; material compatibility; and environmental, operational, and safety impacts of alternative formulations and components as well as the fate and transport of deicing and anti-icing formulation components and their degradation products.A full report on this issue was published by TRB as ACRP Web-Only Document 8. ER - TY - BOOK AU - Transportation Research Board AU - National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine TI - Formulations for Aircraft and Airfield Deicing and Anti-Icing: Aquatic Toxicity and Biochemical Oxygen Demand DO - 10.17226/23325 PY - 2009 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/23325/formulations-for-aircraft-and-airfield-deicing-and-anti-icing-aquatic-toxicity-and-biochemical-oxygen-demand PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Transportation and Infrastructure AB - TRB’s Airport Cooperative Research Program (ACRP) Web-Only Document 3: Formulations for Aircraft and Airfield Deicing and Anti-Icing: Aquatic Toxicity and Biochemical Oxygen Demand is an interim report on a project that is exploring the environmental characteristics of aircraft and pavement deicers and anti-icers. ER - TY - BOOK AU - Transportation Research Board AU - National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine TI - Alternative Aircraft Anti-Icing Formulations with Reduced Aquatic Toxicity and Biochemical Oxygen Demand DO - 10.17226/22962 PY - 2010 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/22962/alternative-aircraft-anti-icing-formulations-with-reduced-aquatic-toxicity-and-biochemical-oxygen-demand PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Transportation and Infrastructure AB - TRB’s Airport Cooperative Research Program (ACRP) Web-Only Document 8: Alternative Aircraft Anti-Icing Formulations with Reduced Aquatic Toxicity and Biochemical Oxygen Demand explores the aquatic toxicity and biological oxygen demand state of the art, components, and promising alternative formulations of deicing and anti-icing products. The report also examines the performance; efficiency; material compatibility; and environmental, operational, and safety impacts of alternative formulations and components as well as the fate and transport of deicing and anti-icing formulation components and their degradation products.A summary of this report was produced as ACRP Research Results Digest 9. ER - TY - BOOK AU - National Research Council TI - Catalytic Process Technology DO - 10.17226/10038 PY - 2000 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/10038/catalytic-process-technology PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - ER - TY - BOOK AU - National Research Council TI - Science, Medicine, and Animals SN - DO - 10.17226/10733 PY - 2004 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/10733/science-medicine-and-animals PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Biology and Life Sciences AB - Science, Medicine, and Animals explains the role that animals play in biomedical research and the ways in which scientists, governments, and citizens have tried to balance the experimental use of animals with a concern for all living creatures. An accompanying Teacher’s Guide is available to help teachers of middle and high school students use Science, Medicine, and Animals in the classroom. As students examine the issues in Science, Medicine, and Animals, they will gain a greater understanding of the goals of biomedical research and the real-world practice of the scientific method in general. Science, Medicine, and Animals and the Teacher's Guide were written by the Institute for Laboratory Animal Research and published by the National Research Council of the National Academies. The report was reviewed by a committee made up of experts and scholars with diverse perspectives, including members of the U.S. Department of Agriculture, National Institutes of Health, the Humane Society of the United States, and the American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals. The Teacher’s Guide was reviewed by members of the National Academies’ Teacher Associates Network. Science, Medicine, and Animals is recommended by the National Science Teacher's Association. ER - TY - BOOK AU - Transportation Research Board AU - National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine TI - Using Surface Energy Measurements to Select Materials for Asphalt Pavements DO - 10.17226/23182 PY - 2007 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/23182/using-surface-energy-measurements-to-select-materials-for-asphalt-pavements PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Transportation and Infrastructure AB - TRB's National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Research Results Digest 316: Using Surface Energy Measurements to Select Materials for Asphalt Pavements summarizes an investigation of the effectiveness and practicality of surface energy measurement as a tool for routine screening and selection of materials for optimum performance of hot-mix asphalt pavements. The summary also includes information on three proposed test methods for determining surface energy. The complete final report of the investigation has been published as NCHRP Web-Only Document 104. ER - TY - BOOK AU - National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine TI - Gulf War and Health: Volume 11: Generational Health Effects of Serving in the Gulf War SN - DO - 10.17226/25162 PY - 2018 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/25162/gulf-war-and-health-volume-11-generational-health-effects-of PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Health and Medicine AB - For the United States, the 1991 Persian Gulf War was a brief and successful military operation with few injuries and deaths. However, soon after returning from duty, a large number of veterans began reporting health problems they believed were associated with their service in the Gulf. At the request of Congress, the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine has been conducting an ongoing review of the evidence to determine veterans' long-term health problems and potential causes. Some of the health effects identified by past reports include post-traumatic stress disorders, other mental health disorders, Gulf War illness, respiratory effects, and self-reported sexual dysfunction. Veterans' concerns regarding the impacts of deployment-related exposures on their health have grown to include potential adverse effects on the health of their children and grandchildren. These concerns now increasingly involve female veterans, as more women join the military and are deployed to war zones and areas that pose potential hazards. Gulf War and Health: Volume 11 evaluates the scientific and medical literature on reproductive and developmental effects and health outcomes associated with Gulf War and Post-9/11 exposures, and designates research areas requiring further scientific study on potential health effects in the descendants of veterans of any era. ER - TY - BOOK AU - National Research Council TI - Methods for Developing Spacecraft Water Exposure Guidelines SN - DO - 10.17226/9892 PY - 2000 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/9892/methods-for-developing-spacecraft-water-exposure-guidelines PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Space and Aeronautics AB - The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) maintains an active interest in the environmental conditions associated with living and working in spacecraft and identifying hazards that might adversely affect the health and well-being of crew members. Despite major engineering advances in controlling the spacecraft environment, some water and air contamination appears to be inevitable. Several hundred chemical species are likely to be found in the closed environment of the spacecraft, and as the frequency, complexity, and duration of human space flight increase, identifying and understanding significant health hazards will become more complicated and more critical for the success of the missions. NASA asked the National Research Council (NRC) Committee on Toxicology to develop guidelines, similar to those developed by the NRC in 1992 for airborne substances, for examining the likelihood of adverse effects from water contaminants on the health and performance of spacecraft crews. In this report, the Subcommittee on Spacecraft Water Exposure Guidelines (SWEGs) examines what is known about water contaminants in spacecraft, the adequacy of current risk assessment methods, and the toxicologic issues of greatest concern. ER - TY - BOOK AU - National Research Council TI - Workshop on Biotechnology in Agriculture: Summary Report, Jakarta, Indonesia, March 13-14, 1986 DO - 10.17226/18585 PY - 1986 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/18585/workshop-on-biotechnology-in-agriculture-summary-report-jakarta-indonesia-march PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - KW - Agriculture ER - TY - BOOK AU - Transportation Research Board AU - National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine A2 - Jill Greene and Dean Mericas TI - Guidebook for Selecting Methods to Monitor Airport and Aircraft Deicing Materials DO - 10.17226/22749 PY - 2017 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/22749/guidebook-for-selecting-methods-to-monitor-airport-and-aircraft-deicing-materials PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Transportation and Infrastructure AB - TRB’s Airport Cooperative Research Program (ACRP) has released the second edition of Research Report 72: Guidebook for Selecting Methods to Monitor Airport and Aircraft Deicing Materials. The report provides a step-by-step process for identifying, evaluating, and selecting methods to monitor stormwater that is subject to runoff containing deicing materials.The report addresses identifying the parameters to be monitored and discusses the appropriateness of various monitoring methods and instrument types to meet an airport’s specific needs. The report also provides guidance for setup, operation, and maintenance of each monitoring method.Technical information on various on-site monitoring methods is provided in a series of fact sheets. These fact sheets, which are organized by the parameter being monitored, describe key factors such as how the method works, its current level of adoption within the industry, implementation considerations, cost, and advantages/disadvantages. ER - TY - BOOK AU - Transportation Research Board AU - National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine TI - Impact of Airport Pavement Deicing Products on Aircraft and Airfield Infrastructure DO - 10.17226/13913 PY - 2008 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/13913/impact-of-airport-pavement-deicing-products-on-aircraft-and-airfield-infrastructure PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Transportation and Infrastructure AB - TRB’s Airport Cooperative Research Program (ACRP) Synthesis 6: Impact of Airport Pavement Deicing Products on Aircraft and Airfield Infrastructure explores how airports chemically treat their airport pavements to mitigate snow and ice, and the chemicals used. The report also examines the effects of pavement deicing products on aircraft and airfield infrastructure, and highlights knowledge gaps in the subject. ER - TY - BOOK AU - National Research Council TI - Spacecraft Maximum Allowable Concentrations for Selected Airborne Contaminants: Volume 2 SN - DO - 10.17226/5170 PY - 1996 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/5170/spacecraft-maximum-allowable-concentrations-for-selected-airborne-contaminants-volume-2 PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Space and Aeronautics KW - Environment and Environmental Studies AB - The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) has developed spacecraft maximum allowable concentrations (SMACs) for contaminants that might be found in the atmosphere within spacecraft during space missions to ensure the health and well-being of astronauts traveling and working in this unique environment. In volume 1 of this series, NASA developed SMACs for 11 compounds: acetaldehyde, ammonia, carbon monoxide, formaldehyde, Freon 113, hydrogen, methane, methanol, octamethyltrisiloxane, trimethylsilanol, and vinyl chloride. Volume 2 includes SMACs for 12 more airborne contaminants: acrolein, benzene, carbon dioxide, 2-ethoxyethanol, hydrazine, indole, mercury, methylene chloride, methyl ethyl ketone, nitromethane, 2-propoanol, and toluene. In developing SMACs from the toxicological literature, NASA followed the Guidelines for Developing Spacecraft Maximum Allowable Concentrations for Space Station Contaminants published in 1992 by the National Research Council. ER - TY - BOOK AU - National Research Council TI - Catalysis Looks to the Future SN - DO - 10.17226/1903 PY - 1992 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/1903/catalysis-looks-to-the-future PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Math, Chemistry, and Physics AB - The impact of catalysis on the nation's economy is evidenced by the fact that catalytic technologies generate U.S. sales in excess of $400 billion per year and a net positive balance of trade of $16 billion annually. This book outlines recent accomplishments in the science and technology of catalysis and summarizes important likely challenges and opportunities on the near horizon. It also presents recommendations for investment of financial and human resources by industry, academe, national laboratories, and relevant federal agencies if the nation is to maintain continuing leadership in this field—one that is critical to the chemical and petroleum processing industries, essential for energy-efficient means for environmental protection, and vital for the production of a broad range of pharmaceuticals. ER - TY - BOOK AU - Transportation Research Board AU - National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine A2 - Smith and Partners Gresham A2 - Geosyntec Consultants, Inc. A2 - Northwestern Aquatic Sciences A2 - CWM Environmental TI - Interpreting the Results of Airport Water Monitoring DO - 10.17226/24752 PY - 2017 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/24752/interpreting-the-results-of-airport-water-monitoring PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Transportation and Infrastructure AB - TRB's Airport Cooperative Research Program (ACRP) Research Report 166: Interpreting the Results of Airport Water Monitoring provides comprehensive guidance and a set of tools that operators of airports of varying sizes can use to understand, diagnose, and interpret airport water quality. This guidebook addresses water leaving the airport that does not go to an off-site treatment facility. Accompanying the report are the following tools to assist practitioners in diagnosing root causes and possible sources of specific problems that may require attention or mitigation:An editable Appendix A, Field Data Collection FormA water quality data analysis toolA customizable parameter fact sheet databaseAn implementation presentation geared towards stakeholdersDisclaimer - This software is offered as is, without warranty or promise of support of any kind either expressed or implied. Under no circumstance will the National Academy of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine or the Transportation Research Board (collectively "TRB") be liable for any loss or damage caused by the installation or operation of this product. TRB makes no representation or warranty of any kind, expressed or implied, in fact or in law, including without limitation, the warranty of merchantability or the warranty of fitness for a particular purpose, and shall not in any case be liable for any consequential or special damages. ER - TY - BOOK AU - Transportation Research Board AU - National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine A2 - Smith and Partners Gresham TI - Guidance for Treatment of Airport Stormwater Containing Deicers DO - 10.17226/22440 PY - 2013 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/22440/guidance-for-treatment-of-airport-stormwater-containing-deicers PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Transportation and Infrastructure AB - TRB’s Airport Cooperative Research Program (ACRP) Report 99: Guidance for Treatment of Airport Stormwater Containing Deicers offers a process to help airports identify, select, and implement technologies to treat stormwater that has been affected by deicing materials. The guidance also includes suggestions for the design, operation, and maintenance of different treatment technologies.Eleven fact sheets that address the treatment technologies referenced in ACRP Report 99 are available for download. The fact sheets cover activated sludge; aerated gravel beds; aerated lagoons; anaerobic fluidized bed reactors; distillation; mechanical vapor recompression; moving bed biofilm reactors; passive facultative treatment systems; public wastewater treatment systems; private recycling systems; and reverse osmosis. ER - TY - BOOK AU - Institute of Medicine TI - Gulf War and Health: Volume 2: Insecticides and Solvents SN - DO - 10.17226/10628 PY - 2003 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/10628/gulf-war-and-health-volume-2-insecticides-and-solvents PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Health and Medicine KW - Environment and Environmental Studies AB - Gulf War and Health, Volume 2, is the second in a series of congressionally-mandated studies by the Institute of Medicine that provides a comprehensive assessment of the available scientific literature on potential health effects of exposure to certain biological, chemical, and environmental agents associated with the Gulf War. In this second study, the committee evaluated the published, peer-reviewed literature on exposure to insecticides and solvents thought to have been present during the 1990-1991 war. Because little information exists on actual exposure levels – a critical factor when assessing health effects – the committee could not draw specific conclusions about the health problems of Gulf War veterans. However, the study found some evidence, although usually limited, to link specific long-term health outcomes with exposure to certain insecticides and solvents. The next phase of the series will examine the literature on potential health effects associated with exposure to selected environmental pollutants and particulates, such as oil-well fires and jet fuels. ER - TY - BOOK AU - Transportation Research Board AU - National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine TI - Deicing Planning Guidelines and Practices for Stormwater Management Systems DO - 10.17226/22037 PY - 2009 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/22037/deicing-planning-guidelines-and-practices-for-stormwater-management-systems PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Transportation and Infrastructure AB - TRB’s Airport Cooperative Research Program (ACRP) Report 14: Deicing Planning Guidelines and Practices for Stormwater Management Systems explores a wide array of practices designed to provide for the practical, cost-effective control of runoff from aircraft and airfield deicing and anti-icing operations. Detailed operational practices were published by TRB as a collection of fact sheets.The May 2014 Impacts on Practice examines how the Gerald R. Ford International Airport (GRR) in Grand Rapids, Michigan utilized ACRP Report 14: Deicing Planning Guidelines and Practices for Stormwater Management Systems to develop a long-term stormwater and deicing program that would maintain airport safety and comply with environmental regulations. ER -