TY - BOOK AU - National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine TI - Short-Term Strategies for Addressing the Impacts of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Women's Workforce Participation DO - 10.17226/26303 PY - 2021 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/26303/short-term-strategies-for-addressing-the-impacts-of-the-covid-19-pandemic-on-womens-workforce-participation PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Industry and Labor AB - The COVID-19 pandemic and the associated recession have significantly affected women’s workforce participation. These impacts have varied from job loss to additional caregiving responsibilities. Black and Hispanic women have been particularly affected, bringing into sharp relief historical gender and racial inequities in the labor market. In order to address the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic and resulting recession on women's employment, state and local decision makers can use available federal funds to mitigate those impacts while also laying the foundation for longer-term solutions. This rapid expert consultation identifies strategies that state and local decision makers can use to assist in short-term recovery efforts for women whose employment status and work experiences have been affected by the COVID-19 pandemic. It includes strategies both for supporting caregiving responsibilities and career development. This rapid expert consultation was produced through the Societal Experts Action Network (SEAN), an activity of the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine that is sponsored by the National Science Foundation and the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation. SEAN links researchers in the social, behavioral, and economic sciences with decision makers to respond to policy questions arising from the COVID-19 pandemic. This project is affiliated with the National Academies' Standing Committee on Emerging Infectious Diseases and 21st Century Health Threats. The white papers that informed the development of this rapid expert consultation were commissioned by the National Bureau of Economic Research with the support of the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation. ER - TY - BOOK TI - Employment Status of Ph. D. Scientists and Engineers: 1973 and 1975 DO - 10.17226/19975 PY - 1976 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/19975/employment-status-of-ph-d-scientists-and-engineers-1973-and PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - KW - Education ER - TY - BOOK AU - National Research Council TI - Addressing the Nation's Changing Needs for Biomedical and Behavioral Scientists SN - DO - 10.17226/9827 PY - 2000 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/9827/addressing-the-nations-changing-needs-for-biomedical-and-behavioral-scientists PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Health and Medicine AB - As biomedical and behavioral research progresses into new areas, the number of scientists active in various fields rises and falls, and the health needs of the U.S. population evolve, it is important to ensure that the preparation of future investigators reflects these changes. This book addresses these topics by considering questions such as the following: What is the current supply of biomedical and behavioral scientists? How is future demand for scientists likely to be affected by factors such as advances in research, trends in the employment of scientists, future research funding, and changes in health care delivery? What are the best ways to prepare prospective investigators to meet future needs in scientific research? In the course of addressing these questions, this volume examines the number of investigators trained every year, patterns of hiring by universities and industry, and the age of the scientific workforce in different fields, and makes recommendations for the number of scientists that should be trained in the years ahead. This book also considers the diversity of the research workforce and the importance of providing prospective scientists with the skills to successfully collaborate with investigators in related fields, and offers suggestions for how government and universities should structure their research training programs differently in the future. ER - TY - BOOK AU - National Research Council A2 - Arthur S. Goldberger A2 - Richard Rosenfeld TI - Understanding Crime Trends: Workshop Report SN - DO - 10.17226/12472 PY - 2008 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/12472/understanding-crime-trends-workshop-report PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Behavioral and Social Sciences AB - Changes over time in the levels and patterns of crime have significant consequences that affect not only the criminal justice system but also other critical policy sectors. Yet compared with such areas as health status, housing, and employment, the nation lacks timely information and comprehensive research on crime trends. Descriptive information and explanatory research on crime trends across the nation that are not only accurate, but also timely, are pressing needs in the nation's crime-control efforts. In April 2007, the National Research Council held a two-day workshop to address key substantive and methodological issues underlying the study of crime trends and to lay the groundwork for a proposed multiyear NRC panel study of these issues. Six papers were commissioned from leading researchers and discussed at the workshop by experts in sociology, criminology, law, economics, and statistics. The authors revised their papers based on the discussants' comments, and the papers were then reviewed again externally. The six final workshop papers are the basis of this volume, which represents some of the most serious thinking and research on crime trends currently available. ER - TY - BOOK AU - National Research Council TI - Gender Differences at Critical Transitions in the Careers of Science, Engineering, and Mathematics Faculty SN - DO - 10.17226/12062 PY - 2010 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/12062/gender-differences-at-critical-transitions-in-the-careers-of-science-engineering-and-mathematics-faculty PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Behavioral and Social Sciences KW - Education KW - Engineering and Technology KW - Industry and Labor KW - Surveys and Statistics AB - Gender Differences at Critical Transitions in the Careers of Science, Engineering, and Mathematics Faculty presents new and surprising findings about career differences between female and male full-time, tenure-track, and tenured faculty in science, engineering, and mathematics at the nation's top research universities. Much of this congressionally mandated book is based on two unique surveys of faculty and departments at major U.S. research universities in six fields: biology, chemistry, civil engineering, electrical engineering, mathematics, and physics. A departmental survey collected information on departmental policies, recent tenure and promotion cases, and recent hires in almost 500 departments. A faculty survey gathered information from a stratified, random sample of about 1,800 faculty on demographic characteristics, employment experiences, the allocation of institutional resources such as laboratory space, professional activities, and scholarly productivity. This book paints a timely picture of the status of female faculty at top universities, clarifies whether male and female faculty have similar opportunities to advance and succeed in academia, challenges some commonly held views, and poses several questions still in need of answers. This book will be of special interest to university administrators and faculty, graduate students, policy makers, professional and academic societies, federal funding agencies, and others concerned with the vitality of the U.S. research base and economy. ER - TY - BOOK TI - Employment of Humanities Ph.D.'s: A Departure From Traditional Jobs DO - 10.17226/19765 PY - 1980 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/19765/employment-of-humanities-phds-a-departure-from-traditional-jobs PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - KW - Education ER - TY - BOOK TI - Doctoral Scientists and Engineers in the United States: 1973 Profile DO - 10.17226/20154 PY - 1974 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/20154/doctoral-scientists-and-engineers-in-the-united-states-1973-profile PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - KW - Education ER - TY - BOOK TI - Doctoral Scientists and Engineers in the United States: 1975 Profile DO - 10.17226/21309 PY - 1976 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/21309/doctoral-scientists-and-engineers-in-the-united-states-1975-profile PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - KW - Industry and Labor ER - TY - BOOK TI - Science, Engineering, and Humanities Doctorates in the United States: 1979 Profile DO - 10.17226/21629 PY - 1980 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/21629/science-engineering-and-humanities-doctorates-in-the-united-states-1979 PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - KW - Education ER - TY - BOOK AU - Institute of Medicine TI - Safe Work in the 21st Century: Education and Training Needs for the Next Decade's Occupational Safety and Health Personnel SN - DO - 10.17226/9835 PY - 2000 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/9835/safe-work-in-the-21st-century-education-and-training-needs PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Industry and Labor AB - Despite many advances, 20 American workers die each day as a result of occupational injuries. And occupational safety and health (OSH) is becoming even more complex as workers move away from the long-term, fixed-site, employer relationship. This book looks at worker safety in the changing workplace and the challenge of ensuring a supply of top-notch OSH professionals. Recommendations are addressed to federal and state agencies, OSH organizations, educational institutions, employers, unions, and other stakeholders. The committee reviews trends in workforce demographics, the nature of work in the information age, globalization of work, and the revolution in health care delivery—exploring the implications for OSH education and training in the decade ahead. The core professions of OSH (occupational safety, industrial hygiene, and occupational medicine and nursing) and key related roles (employee assistance professional, ergonomist, and occupational health psychologist) are profiled—how many people are in the field, where they work, and what they do. The book reviews in detail the education, training, and education grants available to OSH professionals from public and private sources. ER - TY - BOOK TI - Doctoral Scientists and Engineers in the United States: 1995 Profile DO - 10.17226/9524 PY - 1998 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/9524/doctoral-scientists-and-engineers-in-the-united-states-1995-profile PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Industry and Labor KW - Policy for Science and Technology ER - TY - BOOK AU - Institute of Medicine TI - State of the USA Health Indicators: Letter Report SN - DO - 10.17226/12534 PY - 2009 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/12534/state-of-the-usa-health-indicators-letter-report PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Health and Medicine AB - Researchers, policymakers, sociologists and doctors have long asked how to best measure the health of a nation, yet the challenge persists. The nonprofit State of the USA, Inc. (SUSA) is taking on this challenge, demonstrating how to measure the health of the United States. The organization is developing a new website intended to provide reliable and objective facts about the U.S. in a number of key areas, including health, and to provide an interactive tool with which individuals can track the progress made in each of these areas. In 2008, SUSA asked the Institute of Medicine's Committee on the State of the USA Health Indicators to provide guidance on 20 key indicators to be used on the organization's website that would be valuable in assessing health. Each indicator was required to demonstrate: a clear importance to health or health care, the availability of reliable, high quality data to measure change in the indicators over time, the potential to be measured with federally collected data, and the capability to be broken down by geography, populations subgroups including race and ethnicity, and socioeconomic status. Taken together, the selected indicators reflect the overall health of the nation and the efficiency and efficacy of U.S. health systems. The complete list of 20 can be found in the report brief and book. ER - TY - BOOK TI - Humanities Doctorates in the United States: 1991 Profile DO - 10.17226/9118 PY - 1994 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/9118/humanities-doctorates-in-the-united-states-1991-profile PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Education ER - TY - BOOK TI - Doctoral Scientists and Engineers in the United States: 1995 Profile DO - 10.17226/21259 PY - 1998 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/21259/doctoral-scientists-and-engineers-in-the-united-states-1995-profile PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - KW - Health and Medicine ER - TY - BOOK AU - Transportation Research Board AU - National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine TI - Long-Term Pavement Performance Committee Letter Report: December 15, 2014 DO - 10.17226/22229 PY - 2014 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/22229/long-term-pavement-performance-committee-letter-report-december-15-2014 PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Transportation and Infrastructure AB - On December 15, 2014, TRB’s Long-Term Pavement Performance (LTPP) Committee sent its 35th letter report to Gregory G. Nadeau, acting administrator of the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA), and Frederick G. "Bud" Wright, executive director of the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO). The committee's reports to the FHWA and AASHTO are aimed at supporting the further success of the LTPP program, securing the future of the LTPP database, and facilitating the fulfillment of the program’s promise of better roads through the development and utilization of LTPP's products.The report includes recommendations pertaining to expanding the LTPP team’s outreach efforts to include counties and cities which could benefit from the program's pavement information; initiation of a pooled fund study for forensic investigations of LTPP test sites; LTPP enunciating its vision of the fully mature lnfoPave software system that is ready to use; LTPP's plans to support the states' asset management activities; and the status and benefits of monitoring the remaining test sections in the context of meeting LTPP's overall goals. ER - TY - BOOK AU - National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine TI - Standing Committee on Emerging Infectious Diseases and 21st Century Health Threats: Annual Report 2021 DO - 10.17226/26716 PY - 2022 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/26716/standing-committee-on-emerging-infectious-diseases-and-21st-century-health-threats PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English AB - The wide-ranging portfolio of the standing committee’s work has illuminated many aspects of the COVID-19 pandemic and response efforts. This Annual Report summarizes the committee’s work in 2021 and highlights the short consensus study reports, rapid expert consultations, and meetings conducted during the year. ER - TY - BOOK AU - Transportation Research Board AU - National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine A2 - Mark Bradley A2 - David Koffman TI - Improving ADA Paratransit Demand Estimation: Regional Modeling DO - 10.17226/22720 PY - 2012 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/22720/improving-ada-paratransit-demand-estimation-regional-modeling PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Transportation and Infrastructure AB - TRB’s Transit Cooperative Research Program (TCRP) Report 158: Improving ADA Paratransit Demand Estimation: Regional Modeling presents a sketch planning model and regional models designed to help metropolitan planning organizations and transit operators better estimate the probable future demand for Americans with Disability Act (ADA) complementary paratransit service, as well as predict travel by ADA paratransit-eligible individuals on all public transportation modes.Both models permit more detailed forecasts and deeper understanding of the travel behavior of ADA paratransit-eligible people. All model parameters and coefficients are contained in the report and a fully implemented version is available on a CD-ROM that is included with the print version of the report.The CD-ROM is also available for download from TRB’s website as an ISO image. Links to the ISO image and instructions for burning a CD-ROM from an ISO image are provided below.Help on Burning an .ISO CD-ROM ImageDownload the .ISO CD-ROM Image(Warning: This is a large file and may take some time to download using a high-speed connection.)CD-ROM Disclaimer - This software is offered as is, without warranty or promise of support of any kind either expressed or implied. Under no circumstance will the National Academy of Sciences or the Transportation Research Board (collectively "TRB") be liable for any loss or damage caused by the installation or operation of this product. TRB makes no representation or warranty of any kind, expressed or implied, in fact or in law, including without limitation, the warranty of merchantability or the warranty of fitness for a particular purpose, and shall not in any case be liable for any consequential or special damages. ER - TY - BOOK AU - National Research Council TI - Humanities Doctorates in the United States: 1995 Profile SN - DO - 10.17226/5840 PY - 1997 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/5840/humanities-doctorates-in-the-united-states-1995-profile PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Education KW - Industry and Labor ER - TY - BOOK AU - National Research Council TI - The Path to the Ph.D.: Measuring Graduate Attrition in the Sciences and Humanities SN - DO - 10.17226/5195 PY - 1996 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/5195/the-path-to-the-phd-measuring-graduate-attrition-in-the PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Education AB - There is a growing concern among educators and policymakers about the level of attrition from Ph.D. programs in the sciences and humanities at some U.S. universities. Reliable estimates of graduate student attrition are difficult to obtain, however, because most information comes from the administrative records of individual institutions. This book provides a summary of datasets that could be used to analyze patterns of graduate student attrition and degree completion nationally, along with an analysis of recent studies on the subject. Based on this information, the committee examines the feasibility of designing a system to produce national estimates of graduate student attrition. ER - TY - BOOK AU - Institute of Medicine A2 - Howard H. Garrison A2 - Prudence W. Brown TI - Minority Access to Research Careers: An Evaluation of the Honors Undergraduate Research Training Program DO - 10.17226/18471 PY - 1985 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/18471/minority-access-to-research-careers-an-evaluation-of-the-honors PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Health and Medicine ER -