TY - BOOK AU - National Research Council TI - Microelectromechanical Systems: Advanced Materials and Fabrication Methods SN - DO - 10.17226/5977 PY - 1997 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/5977/microelectromechanical-systems-advanced-materials-and-fabrication-methods PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Engineering and Technology AB - Microelectromenchanical systems (MEMS) is a revolutionary field that adapts for new uses a technology already optimized to accomplish a specific set of objectives. The silicon-based integrated circuits process is so highly refined it can produce millions of electrical elements on a single chip and define their critical dimensions to tolerances of 100-billionths of a meter. The MEMS revolution harnesses the integrated circuitry know-how to build working microsystems from micromechanical and microelectronic elements. MEMS is a multidisciplinary field involving challenges and opportunites for electrical, mechanical, chemical, and biomedical engineering as well as physics, biology, and chemistry. As MEMS begin to permeate more and more industrial procedures, society as a whole will be strongly affected because MEMS provide a new design technology that could rival—perhaps surpass—the societal impact of integrated circuits. ER - TY - BOOK AU - National Research Council TI - Technology Development for Army Unmanned Ground Vehicles SN - DO - 10.17226/10592 PY - 2002 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/10592/technology-development-for-army-unmanned-ground-vehicles PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Engineering and Technology KW - Conflict and Security Issues AB - Unmanned ground vehicles (UGV) are expected to play a key role in the Army’s Objective Force structure. These UGVs would be used for weapons platforms, logistics carriers, and reconnaissance, surveillance, and target acquisition among other things. To examine aspects of the Army’s UGV program, assess technology readiness, and identify key issues in implementing UGV systems, among other questions, the Deputy Assistant Secretary of the Army for Research and Technology asked the National Research Council (NRC) to conduct a study of UGV technologies. This report discusses UGV operational requirements, current development efforts, and technology integration and roadmaps to the future. Key recommendations are presented addressing technical content, time lines, and milestones for the UGV efforts. ER - TY - BOOK AU - Transportation Research Board AU - National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine TI - Appendices to NCHRP Report 693 DO - 10.17226/22821 PY - 2012 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/22821/appendices-to-nchrp-report-693 PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Transportation and Infrastructure AB - TRB’s National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Web-Only Document 182: Appendices to NCHRP Report 693 includes a set of tables showing systems operations and management job categories, number of positions, and educational requirements for all 50 states.NCHRP Report 693: Attracting, Recruiting, and Retaining Skilled Staff for Transportation System Operations and Management provides guidance designed to help transportation agencies recruit and retain qualified professional staff in the systems operation and management (SOM) area.In addition to the report and web-only document, the results of the project that developed NCHRP Report 693 and suggestions for senior management personnel related to attracting, recruiting, and relating skilled staff for transportation system operations and management are available in an online Executive Workbook. ER - TY - BOOK AU - Transportation Research Board AU - National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine TI - Security-Related Customer Communications and Training for Public Transportation Providers DO - 10.17226/23373 PY - 2004 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/23373/security-related-customer-communications-and-training-for-public-transportation-providers PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Transportation and Infrastructure AB - TRB's Transit Cooperative Research Program (TCRP) Report 86: Public Transportation Security, Volume 5: Security-Related Customer Communications and Training for Public Transportation Providers is designed to provide improved tools for security-related customer communications and training. This report is in electronic format on CRP-CD-43. The CD contains a 15-minute video on the importance of training for transit emergencies, a PowerPoint overview of the report, the final report in portable document format (pdf), and templates of communication devices.The TCRP Report 86: Public Transportation Security series assembles relevant information into single, concise volumes, each pertaining to a specific security problem and closely related issues. These volumes focus on the concerns that transit agencies are addressing when developing programs in response to the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001, and the anthrax attacks that followed. Future volumes of the report will be issued as they are completed.Help on Burning an .ISO CD-ROM ImageDownload CRP-CD-43 .ISO ImageDownload the 15-minute .mov video ER - TY - BOOK AU - Transportation Research Board AU - National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine TI - Responding to Threats: A Field Personnel Manual DO - 10.17226/13831 PY - 2004 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/13831/responding-to-threats-a-field-personnel-manual PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Transportation and Infrastructure AB - TRB’s National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Report 525: Surface Transportation Security, Volume 1: Responding to Threats: A Field Personnel Manual includes a draft template that contains basic security awareness training in a workbook format that can be redesigned as a pamphlet, glove-box brochure, or other user-specific document. This NCHRP manual emphasizes noticing and reporting behavior that may be part of the planning stages of an event, and explains how an increased level of attention on the part of all employees can deter criminal and terrorist plans prior to implementation.NCHRP Report 525: Surface Transportation Security is a series in which relevant information is assembled into single, concise volumes—each pertaining to a specific security problem and closely related issues. The volumes focus on the concerns that transportation agencies are addressing when developing programs in response to the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001, and the anthrax attacks that followed. Future volumes of the report will be issued as they are completed. ER - TY - BOOK AU - Transportation Research Board AU - National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine TI - A Self-Study Course on Terrorism-Related Risk Management of Highway Infrastructure DO - 10.17226/23418 PY - 2005 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/23418/a-self-study-course-on-terrorism-related-risk-management-of-highway-infrastructure PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Transportation and Infrastructure AB - TRB’s National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Report 525: Surface Transportation Security, Volume 4: A Self-Study Course on Terrorism-Related Risk Management of Highway Infrastructure is designed to provide a general background in terrorism-related risk management for highway infrastructure. The report is also designed to assist bridge and structures engineers and managers in identifying critical highway assets and their potential vulnerabilities, developing possible countermeasures to prevent or ameliorate threats to such assets, and determining the capital and operating costs of such countermeasures. This volume of NCHRP Report 525 is presented in PowerPoint and portable document format (pdf) on CRP-CD-55.NCHRP Report 525: Surface Transportation Security is a series in which relevant information is assembled into single, concise volumes—each pertaining to a specific security problem and closely related issues. The volumes focus on the concerns that transportation agencies are addressing when developing programs in response to the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001, and the anthrax attacks that followed. Future volumes of the report will be issued as they are completed.Help on Burning an .ISO CD-ROM ImageDownload the CRP-CD-55.ISO CD-ROM ImageNote: In NCHRP Report 525, Volume 4, the tables on PowerPoint Slides 28 and 50 of Chapter II were not successfully reproduced. The problem has been corrected in the ISO image of the report. The corrected version of the slides can be obtained by downloading the CRP-CD-55 ISO image.. ER - TY - BOOK AU - National Research Council A2 - Arthur L. Schawlow TI - Lasers and Their Uses DO - 10.17226/18699 PY - 1983 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/18699/lasers-and-their-uses PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Math, Chemistry, and Physics KW - Surveys and Statistics ER - TY - BOOK AU - National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine A2 - Michelle Schwalbe TI - Mathematical Sciences Research Challenges for the Next-Generation Electric Grid: Summary of a Workshop SN - DO - 10.17226/21808 PY - 2015 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/21808/mathematical-sciences-research-challenges-for-the-next-generation-electric-grid PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Math, Chemistry, and Physics KW - Energy and Energy Conservation KW - Surveys and Statistics AB - If the United States is to sustain its economic prosperity, quality of life, and global competitiveness, it must continue to have an abundance of secure, reliable, and affordable energy resources. There have been many improvements in the technology and capability of the electric grid over the past several decades. Many of these advances to the grid depend on complex mathematical algorithms and techniques, and as the complexity of the grid has increased, the analytical demands have also increased. The workshop summarized in this report was developed as part of an ongoing study of the Committee on Analytical Research Foundations for the Next-Generation Electric Grid. Mathematical Sciences Research Challenges for the Next-Generation Electric Grid summarizes the presentations and discussions from this workshop. This report identifies critical areas of mathematical and computational research that must be addressed for the next-generation electric transmission and distribution system and to identify future needs and ways that current research efforts in these areas could be adjusted or augmented. ER - TY - BOOK AU - National Research Council A2 - Norm Haller TI - Summary of a Workshop on the Future of Antennas SN - DO - 10.17226/13540 PY - 2012 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/13540/summary-of-a-workshop-on-the-future-of-antennas PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Computers and Information Technology AB - The Workshop on the Future of Antennas was the second of three workshops conducted by the National Research Council's Committee for Science and Technology Challenges to U.S. National Security Interests. The objectives of the workshop were to review trends in advanced antenna research and design, review trends in commercials and military use of advanced antennas that enable improved communication, data transfer, soldier health monitoring, and other overt and covert methods of standoff data collection. The first day's sessions, consisting of five presentations and discussions on antennas and wireless communications and control, were open to committee members, staff, guests, and members of the public. The second day was a data-gathering session addressing vulnerabilities, indicators, and observables; presentations and discussions during this session included classified material and were not open to the public. The committee's role was limited to planning and convening the workshop. This report is organized by topic in the order of presentation and discussion at the workshop. For Day 1 the topics were Future of Antennas, Commercial State of the Art of Wireless Communications and Control, Military State of the Art of Wireless Communications and Control, and Future Trends in Antenna Design and Wireless Communications and Control. For Day 2 the topics were Vulnerabilities of Ubiquitous Antennas, and Indicators and Observables, followed by a wrap-up discussion. Summary of a Workshop on the Future of Antennas describes what happened at the workshop. ER - TY - BOOK AU - Transportation Research Board AU - National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine TI - Committee for a Study of Options for Streamlining Standards for Intelligent Transportation Systems Letter Report: June 18, 2007 DO - 10.17226/22008 PY - 2007 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/22008/committee-for-a-study-of-options-for-streamlining-standards-for-intelligent-transportation-systems-letter-report-june-18-2007 PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Transportation and Infrastructure AB - TRB’s Committee for a Study of Options for Streamlining Standards for Intelligent Transportation Systems has delivered a letter report to Ms. Shelley Row, director of the U.S. Department of Transportation’s (USDOT’s) ITS Joint Program Office. The letter report examines the federal role in developing and deploying ITS standards. It recommends that USDOT continue to play a prominent role in support of ITS standards but one that is guided by a well-articulated strategic vision and program plan. USDOT is advised to engage users of standards in all phases of standards development and to become more active in international ITS standards activities. ER - TY - BOOK AU - National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine TI - Review of Three Divisions of the Information Technology Laboratory at the National Institute of Standards and Technology: Fiscal Year 2015 SN - DO - 10.17226/21877 PY - 2015 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/21877/review-of-three-divisions-of-the-information-technology-laboratory-at-the-national-institute-of-standards-and-technology PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Computers and Information Technology AB - At the request of the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine has, since 1959, annually assembled panels of experts from academia, industry, medicine, and other scientific and engineering environments to assess the quality and effectiveness of the NIST measurements and standards laboratories, of which there are now seven, as well as the adequacy of the laboratories' resources. Review of Three Divisions of the Information Technology Laboratory at the National Institute of Standards and Technology: Fiscal Year 2015 assesses the organization's technical programs, the portfolio of scientific expertise within the organization, the adequacy of the organization's facilities, equipment, and human resources, and the effectiveness by which the organization disseminates its program outputs. ER - TY - BOOK AU - National Academy of Engineering AU - National Academy of Engineering TI - Memorial Tributes: Volume 5 SN - DO - 10.17226/1966 PY - 1992 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/1966/memorial-tributes-volume-5 PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Biography and Autobiography ER - TY - BOOK AU - National Academy of Engineering TI - An Undergraduate Competition Based on the Grand Challenges for Engineering: Planning and Initial Steps: Proceedings of a Workshop–in Brief DO - 10.17226/25018 PY - 2018 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/25018/an-undergraduate-competition-based-on-the-grand-challenges-for-engineering-planning-and-initial-steps PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Engineering and Technology AB - On September 18, 2017, the National Academy of Engineering (NAE) held a workshop to explore the possibility of a competition for undergraduate students based on the NAE Grand Challenges for Engineering. The workshop brought together university faculty and administrators, representatives of engineering societies and companies, and students to examine how such a competition would be organized and administered. This publication briefly summarizes the presentations and discussions from the workshop. ER - TY - BOOK AU - National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine TI - Assessing NASA's University Leadership Initiative SN - DO - 10.17226/25996 PY - 2021 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/25996/assessing-nasas-university-leadership-initiative PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Education KW - Space and Aeronautics AB - NASA created the University Leadership Initiative (ULI) to engage creative and innovative minds in the academic arena to identify significant aeronautics and aviation research challenges and define their unique approach to their solution. The ULI was started in 2015 as part of the larger University Innovation Project, with the goal of seeking new, innovative ideas that can support the U.S. aviation community and NASA's long-term aeronautics research goals, as established by its Aeronautics Research Mission Directorate. Assessing NASA's University Leadership Initiative reviews the ULI and makes recommendations to enhance program's impact to benefit students, faculty, industry, and the U.S. public. ER - TY - BOOK AU - National Academy of Engineering AU - National Academy of Engineering TI - Memorial Tributes: Volume 7 SN - DO - 10.17226/4779 PY - 1994 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/4779/memorial-tributes-volume-7 PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Biography and Autobiography AB - This series presents biographies of deceased members of the National Academy of Engineering. ER - TY - BOOK AU - National Academy of Engineering AU - National Academy of Engineering TI - Memorial Tributes: Volume 9 SN - DO - 10.17226/10094 PY - 2001 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/10094/memorial-tributes-volume-9 PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Biography and Autobiography AB - This is the 9th Volume in the series Memorial Tributes compiled by the National Academy of Engineering as a personal remembrance of the lives and outstanding achievements of its members and foreign associates. These volumes are intended to stand as an enduring record of the many contributions of engineers and engineering to the benefit of humankind. In most cases, the authors of the tributes are contemporaries or colleagues who had personal knowledge of the interests and the engineering accomplishments of the deceased. Through its members and foreign associates, the Academy carries out the responsibilities for which it was established in 1964. Under the charter of the National Academy of Sciences, the National Academy of Engineering was formed as a parallel organization of outstanding engineers. Members are elected on the basis of significant contributions to engineering theory and practice and to the literature of engineering or on the basis of demonstrated unusual accomplishments in the pioneering of new and developing fields of technology. The National Academies share a responsibility to advise the federal government on matters of science and technology. The expertise and credibility that the National Academy of Engineering brings to that task stem directly from the abilities, interests, and achievements of our members and foreign associates, our colleagues and friends, whose special gifts we remember in this book. ER - TY - BOOK AU - National Academy of Engineering AU - National Academy of Engineering TI - Memorial Tributes: Volume 10 SN - DO - 10.17226/10403 PY - 2002 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/10403/memorial-tributes-volume-10 PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Biography and Autobiography AB - This is the 10th Volume in the series Memorial Tributes compiled by the National Academy of Engineering as a personal remembrance of the lives and outstanding achievements of its members and foreign associates. These volumes are intended to stand as an enduring record of the many contributions of engineers and engineering to the benefit of humankind. In most cases, the authors of the tributes are contemporaries or colleagues who had personal knowledge of the interests and the engineering accomplishments of the deceased. Through its members and foreign associates, the Academy carries out the responsibilities for which it was established in 1964. Under the charter of the National Academy of Sciences, the National Academy of Engineering was formed as a parallel organization of outstanding engineers. Members are elected on the basis of significant contributions to engineering theory and practice and to the literature of engineering or on the basis of demonstrated unusual accomplishments in the pioneering of new and developing fields of technology. The National Academies share a responsibility to advise the federal government on matters of science and technology. The expertise and credibility that the National Academy of Engineering brings to that task stem directly from the abilities, interests, and achievements of our members and foreign associates, our colleagues and friends, whose special gifts we remember in this book. ER - TY - BOOK AU - National Research Council TI - Materials for High-Density Electronic Packaging and Interconnection SN - DO - 10.17226/1624 PY - 1990 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/1624/materials-for-high-density-electronic-packaging-and-interconnection PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Engineering and Technology ER - TY - BOOK AU - National Research Council A2 - Francisco Samaniego A2 - Michael Cohen TI - Reliability Issues for DOD Systems: Report of a Workshop SN - DO - 10.17226/10561 PY - 2002 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/10561/reliability-issues-for-dod-systems-report-of-a-workshop PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Conflict and Security Issues KW - Behavioral and Social Sciences KW - Surveys and Statistics AB - The final report of the National Research Council's (NRC) Panel on Statistical Methods for Testing and Evaluating Defense Systems (National Research Council, 1998) was intended to provide broad advice to the U.S. Department of Defense (DoD) on current statistical methods and principles that could be applied to the developmental and operational testing and evaluation of defense systems. To that end, the report contained chapters on the use of testing as a tool of system development; current methods of experimental design; evaluation methods; methods for testing and assessing reliability, availability, and maintainability; software development and testing; and validation of modeling and simulation for use in operational test and evaluation. While the examination of such a wide variety of topics was useful in helping DoD understand the breadth of problems for which statistical methods could be applied and providing direction as to how the methods currently used could be improved, there was, quite naturally, a lack of detail in each area.To address the need for further detail, two DoD agencies-the Office of the Director of Operational Test and Evaluation and the Office of the Under Secretary of Defense for Acquisition, Technology, and Logistics-asked the NRC's Committee on National Statistics to initiate a series of workshops on statistical issues relevant to defense acquisition. The aim of each workshop is to inform DoD about the methods that represent the statistical state of the art and, through interactions of the statistical and defense communities, explore their relevance for DoD application. ER - TY - BOOK AU - National Research Council A2 - Keith Maskus A2 - Stephen A. Merrill TI - Patent Challenges for Standard-Setting in the Global Economy: Lessons from Information and Communications Technology SN - DO - 10.17226/18510 PY - 2013 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/18510/patent-challenges-for-standard-setting-in-the-global-economy-lessons PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Policy for Science and Technology KW - Computers and Information Technology AB - Patent Challenges for Standard-Setting in the Global Economy: Lessons from Information and Communication Technology examines how leading national and multinational standard-setting organizations (SSOs) address patent disclosures, licensing terms, transfers of patent ownership, and other issues that arise in connection with developing technical standards for consumer and other microelectronic products, associated software and components, and communications networks including the Internet. Attempting to balance the interests of patent holders, other participants in standard-setting, standards implementers, and consumers, the report calls on SSOs to develop more explicit policies to avoid patent holdup and royalty-stacking, ensure that licensing commitments carry over to new owners of the patents incorporated in standards, and limit injunctions for infringement of patents with those licensing commitments. The report recommends government measures to increase the transparency of patent ownership and use of standards information to improve patent quality and to reduce conflicts of laws across countries. ER -