%0 Book %E Glimm, Adele %T Gene Hunter: The Story of Neuropsychologist Nancy Wexler %@ 978-0-309-09558-7 %D 2006 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/11548/gene-hunter-the-story-of-neuropsychologist-nancy-wexler %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/11548/gene-hunter-the-story-of-neuropsychologist-nancy-wexler %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Explore Science %K %P 128 %X Nancy Wexler is a hunter. Her quarry is the gene responsible for a fatal, inherited sickness called Huntington's disease. Nancy's work is a breathtaking race against time not only for others but maybe for herself, as well. Nancy Wexler is the daughter of a Huntington's patient and is at risk for this disease. Finding this gene is a vital step toward preventing or curing Huntington's and thus saving lives. Nancy's work takes her all over the world, specifically to small villages in Venezuela where the mysterious gene affects more people than anywhere else on the globe. Blood samples generously donated by the villagers hold the clues to discovering the gene. Hunter, detective, scientist: Nancy is all these, plus a friend to people everywhere who are affected by Huntington's and other diseases of the brain. Gene Hunter is the powerful story of a courageous and dedicated woman whose passion for science is both personally and intellectually satisfying. Author Adele Glimm draws on firsthand accounts from Nancy and her friends, family, and colleagues to tell us how a curious, strongminded woman became an accomplished neuropsychologist. This title aligns to Common Core standards: Interest Level Grades 6 - 8; Reading Level Grade level Equivalent: 7.1: Lexile Measure: 1080L; DRA: Not Available; Guided Reading: Z %0 Book %A National Research Council %T Nonhuman Primates: Standards and Guidelines for the Breeding, Care, and Management of Laboratory Animals; a Report %D 1968 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/18462/nonhuman-primates-standards-and-guidelines-for-the-breeding-care-and-management-of-laboratory-animals-a-report %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/18462/nonhuman-primates-standards-and-guidelines-for-the-breeding-care-and-management-of-laboratory-animals-a-report %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Biology and Life Sciences %P 62 %X Nonhuman Primates: Standards and Guidelines for the Breeding, Care, and Management of Laboratory Animals sets standards and guidelines for experimental colonies, to production colonies, and to facilities used by importers for maintaining and conditioning primates. Written in response to the increasing extent to which nonhuman primates are being used as laboratory animals, this report discusses facility design and construction and management procedures for the use of prosimians, new world monkeys, old world monkeys, baboons, and the great apes. %0 Book %A National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine %E Johnson, Anne Frances %E Anestidou, Lida %T Care, Use, and Welfare of Marmosets as Animal Models for Gene Editing-Based Biomedical Research: Proceedings of a Workshop %@ 978-0-309-48851-8 %D 2019 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/25356/care-use-and-welfare-of-marmosets-as-animal-models-for-gene-editing-based-biomedical-research %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/25356/care-use-and-welfare-of-marmosets-as-animal-models-for-gene-editing-based-biomedical-research %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Biology and Life Sciences %P 122 %X The marmoset, a type of small monkey native to South America, is a research model of increasing importance for biomedical research in the United States and globally. Marmosets offer a range of advantages as animal models in neuroscience, aging, infectious diseases, and other fields of study. They may be particularly useful for the development of new disease models using genetic engineering and assisted reproductive technologies. However, concerns have been voiced with respect to the development of new marmoset-based models of disease, ethical considerations for their use, the supply of marmosets available for research, and gaps in guidance for their care and management. To explore and address these concerns, the Roundtable on Science and Welfare in Laboratory Animal Use hosted a public workshop on October 22-23, 2018, in Washington, DC. The workshop focused on the availability of marmosets in the United States and abroad; animal welfare and ethical considerations stemming from the use of wildtype and genetically modified marmosets; and standards of housing and care, dietary needs, and feeding requirements for marmosets in captivity. This publication summarizes the presentations and discussions from the workshop. %0 Book %E Fitzpatrick, Susan M. %E Bruer, John T. %T Carving Our Destiny: Scientific Research Faces a New Millennium %D 2001 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/9753/carving-our-destiny-scientific-research-faces-a-new-millennium %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/9753/carving-our-destiny-scientific-research-faces-a-new-millennium %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Policy for Science and Technology %P 343 %X This is a book for people who love and understand science and want to know more about contemporary research frontiers. The questions addressed are as fascinating as they are diverse: Is the human mind truly unique among the primates? Does "dark matter" really exist in the universe? What can the human genome tell us about our evolutionary history? These wide-ranging topics are brought together by virtue of their impact on our understanding of ourselves--and by the caliber of the authors: ten young scientists and scholars, reaching the height of their powers, who are especially talented in communicating their research findings to broad audiences. They were chosen to receive the prestigious Centennial Fellowships awarded in 1998 by the McDonnell Foundation, established and funded by the late aerospace pioneer James S. McDonnell. %0 Book %A National Research Council %T Technical Assessment of the Man-in-Simulant Test Program %@ 978-0-309-05940-4 %D 1997 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/5936/technical-assessment-of-the-man-in-simulant-test-program %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/5936/technical-assessment-of-the-man-in-simulant-test-program %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Conflict and Security Issues %P 86 %X The cornerstone of chemical and biological defense strategy is protection (i.e., insulating personnel from chemical and biological agents using individual clothing ensembles and respirators, as well as collective filtration systems and shelters). The CSC was asked by the CBDCOM to undertake a technology assessment of the Army's MIST program-which is designed to test protective suit ensembles in simulated chemical attacks. %0 Book %A National Research Council %T Space Station Engineering Design Issues: Report of a Workshop %@ 978-0-309-07885-6 %D 1989 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/1403/space-station-engineering-design-issues-report-of-a-workshop %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/1403/space-station-engineering-design-issues-report-of-a-workshop %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Space and Aeronautics %P 90 %X The Space Station Freedom program is the next major U.S. manned space initiative. It has as its objective the establishment of a permanently manned facility in low earth orbit. This book summarizes the main findings and recommendations of a workshop that examined the space station program with a view toward identifying critical engineering issues related to the design and operation of the station. %0 Book %A National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine %E Meisnere, Marc %E Johnson, Anne %E Nass, Sharyl %T The Potential Contribution of Cancer Genomics Information to Community Investigations of Unusual Patterns of Cancer: Proceedings of a Workshop %@ 978-0-309-70808-1 %D 2023 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/27201/the-potential-contribution-of-cancer-genomics-information-to-community-investigations-of-unusual-patterns-of-cancer %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/27201/the-potential-contribution-of-cancer-genomics-information-to-community-investigations-of-unusual-patterns-of-cancer %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Health and Medicine %P 66 %X Where people live can affect their health because of location-specific exposure to chemicals and toxicants, lifestyle, diet, immune function development, and social and historical determinants of health. A better understanding of the connections between environmental exposures and genetics that are associated with cancer can help inform efforts to identify risks and prevent potentially harmful outcomes. Recent scientific advancements have brought new insights into genomic and epigenomic biomarkers of cancer, which encompasses the toxicogenomic effects of environmental hazards, genetic susceptibility to environmental exposures, and the role of genetic and epigenetic changes in the development of cancer. Public communication around the potential risks of environmental hazards has also been evolving. The National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine National Cancer Policy Forum convened a virtual public workshop in collaboration with the Roundtable on Genomics and Precision Health on April 13, 2023 to explore the state of the science in identifying potential genomic and epigenomic biomarkers of environmental exposures associated with cancers, with an emphasis on pediatric cancers. This proceedings document summarizes workshop discussions. %0 Book %A Institute of Medicine %T Assessment of the Role of Intermittent Preventive Treatment for Malaria in Infants: Letter Report %D 2008 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/12180/assessment-of-the-role-of-intermittent-preventive-treatment-for-malaria-in-infants %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/12180/assessment-of-the-role-of-intermittent-preventive-treatment-for-malaria-in-infants %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Health and Medicine %P 80 %X Intermittent Preventive Treatment for Malaria in Infants (IPTi) is a new strategy which aims to combine the short-term protection of chemoprophylaxis with the long-term protection of naturally-acquired immunity to reduce morbidity from malaria infections during infancy. The Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation requested that the Institute of Medicine (IOM) conduct an independent assessment of the IPTi efficacy studies using sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine (IPTi-SP) that have been previously conducted by the IPTi Consortium. The IOM convened a committee to evaluate the evidence concerning IPTi-SP, which included addressing issues related to its utility and safety, as well as program management aspects of IPTi. The resulting letter report contains the findings, conclusions, and recommendations of the IOM committee. Overall, the committee found that the evidence presented makes IPTi-SP a promising public health strategy to diminish the morbidity from malaria infections, especially for the incidence of clinical malaria, among infants at high risk who reside in areas of high- or moderate-intensity transmission and is worthy of continued investment. The committee also cautioned that during large-scale implementation problems such as drug supply and logistics; monitoring and resistance; and community acceptance and reaction to IPTi-SP could arise. To maximize the greatest public health impact, the committee advised that these issues would best be addressed in an appropriate local context. %0 Book %A Institute of Medicine %E Manning, Frederick J. %E Sparacino, Linette %T Blood Donors and the Supply of Blood and Blood Products %@ 978-0-309-05577-2 %D 1996 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/5356/blood-donors-and-the-supply-of-blood-and-blood-products %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/5356/blood-donors-and-the-supply-of-blood-and-blood-products %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Health and Medicine %P 132 %X This volume discusses the current state of the nation's blood supply—including studies of blood availability, ways of enhancing blood collection and distribution, frozen red cell technology, logistical concerns in prepositioning frozen blood, extended liquid storage of red cells, and blood substitutes. %0 Book %A National Research Council %T Government/Industry/Academic Relationships for Technology Development: A Workshop Report %@ 978-0-309-09573-0 %D 2005 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/11206/governmentindustryacademic-relationships-for-technology-development-a-workshop-report %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/11206/governmentindustryacademic-relationships-for-technology-development-a-workshop-report %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Space and Aeronautics %K Conflict and Security Issues %P 94 %X NASA’s Human Exploration and Development of Space (HEDS) program within the Office of Space Flight has proposed a new framework for space technology and systems development—Advanced Systems, Technology, Research, and Analysis (ASTRA) for future space flight capabilities. To assist in the development of this framework, NASA asked the National Research Council to convene a series of workshops on technology policy issues concerning the relationship of the various stakeholders in advancing human and robotic exploration and development of space. The second workshop, which is the summarized in this report, focused on the interrelationship between government, industry, and academia in the development of technology. Examples from Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency, the Department of Defense, and the National Science Foundation were covered in order to discuss best practices of such cooperative efforts as possible lessons for NASA’s space exploration activities. %0 Book %A National Research Council %T Enhancing Human Performance: Background Papers, Stress Management %@ 978-0-309-07808-5 %D 1988 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/785/enhancing-human-performance-background-papers-stress-management %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/785/enhancing-human-performance-background-papers-stress-management %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Behavioral and Social Sciences %P 143 %0 Book %A Institute of Medicine %A National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine %E Nicholson, Anna %E Snair, Megan Reeve %E Herrmann, Jack %T Global Health Risk Framework: Resilient and Sustainable Health Systems to Respond to Global Infectious Disease Outbreaks: Workshop Summary %@ 978-0-309-38114-7 %D 2016 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/21856/global-health-risk-framework-resilient-and-sustainable-health-systems-to %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/21856/global-health-risk-framework-resilient-and-sustainable-health-systems-to %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Health and Medicine %P 150 %X Since the 2014 Ebola outbreak many public- and private-sector leaders have seen a need for improved management of global public health emergencies. The effects of the Ebola epidemic go well beyond the three hardest-hit countries and beyond the health sector. Education, child protection, commerce, transportation, and human rights have all suffered. The consequences and lethality of Ebola have increased interest in coordinated global response to infectious threats, many of which could disrupt global health and commerce far more than the recent outbreak. In order to explore the potential for improving international management and response to outbreaks the National Academy of Medicine agreed to manage an international, independent, evidence-based, authoritative, multistakeholder expert commission. As part of this effort, the Institute of Medicine convened four workshops in summer of 2015 to inform the commission report. The presentations and discussions from the Workshop on Resilient and Sustainable Health Systems to Respond to Global Infectious Disease Outbreaks are summarized in this report. %0 Book %A National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine %E Mack, Allison %E Snair, Megan Reeve %E Mundaca-Shah, Carmen %T The Ebola Epidemic in West Africa: Proceedings of a Workshop %@ 978-0-309-45006-5 %D 2016 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/23653/the-ebola-epidemic-in-west-africa-proceedings-of-a-workshop %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/23653/the-ebola-epidemic-in-west-africa-proceedings-of-a-workshop %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Health and Medicine %P 136 %X The most recent Ebola epidemic that began in late 2013 alerted the entire world to the gaps in infectious disease emergency preparedness and response. The regional outbreak that progressed to a significant public health emergency of international concern (PHEIC) in a matter of months killed 11,310 and infected more than 28,616. While this outbreak bears some unique distinctions to past outbreaks, many characteristics remain the same and contributed to tragic loss of human life and unnecessary expenditure of capital: insufficient knowledge of the disease, its reservoirs, and its transmission; delayed prevention efforts and treatment; poor control of the disease in hospital settings; and inadequate community and international responses. Recognizing the opportunity to learn from the countless lessons of this epidemic, the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine convened a workshop in March 2015 to discuss the challenges to successful outbreak responses at the scientific, clinical, and global health levels. Workshop participants explored the epidemic from multiple perspectives, identified important questions about Ebola that remained unanswered, and sought to apply this understanding to the broad challenges posed by Ebola and other emerging pathogens, to prevent the international community from being taken by surprise once again in the face of these threats. This publication summarizes the presentations and discussions from the workshop. %0 Book %A Institute of Medicine %E Reeve, Megan %E Wizemann, Theresa %E Eckert, Bradley %E Altevogt, Bruce %T The Impacts of the Affordable Care Act on Preparedness Resources and Programs: Workshop Summary %@ 978-0-309-30360-6 %D 2014 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/18755/the-impacts-of-the-affordable-care-act-on-preparedness-resources-and-programs %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/18755/the-impacts-of-the-affordable-care-act-on-preparedness-resources-and-programs %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Health and Medicine %P 158 %X Many of the elements of the Affordable Care Act (ACA) went into effect in 2014, and with the establishment of many new rules and regulations, there will continue to be significant changes to the United States health care system. It is not clear what impact these changes will have on medical and public health preparedness programs around the country. Although there has been tremendous progress since 2005 and Hurricane Katrina, there is still a long way to go to ensure the health security of the Country. There is a commonly held notion that preparedness is separate and distinct from everyday operations, and that it only affects emergency departments. But time and time again, catastrophic events challenge the entire health care system, from acute care and emergency medical services down to the public health and community clinic level, and the lack of preparedness of one part of the system places preventable stress on other components. The implementation of the ACA provides the opportunity to consider how to incorporate preparedness into all aspects of the health care system. The Impacts of the Affordable Care Act on Preparedness Resources and Programs is the summary of a workshop convened by the Institute of Medicine's Forum on Medical and Public Health Preparedness for Catastrophic Events in November 2013 to discuss how changes to the health system as a result of the ACA might impact medical and public health preparedness programs across the nation. This report discusses challenges and benefits of the Affordable Care Act to disaster preparedness and response efforts around the country and considers how changes to payment and reimbursement models will present opportunities and challenges to strengthen disaster preparedness and response capacities. %0 Book %T Critical Technologies: The Role of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering %D 1992 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/9235/critical-technologies-the-role-of-chemistry-and-chemical-engineering %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/9235/critical-technologies-the-role-of-chemistry-and-chemical-engineering %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K %P 74 %0 Book %A Institute of Medicine %E Manning, Frederick J. %E Swartz, Morton %T Review of the Fialuridine (FIAU) Clinical Trials %@ 978-0-309-05279-5 %D 1995 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/4887/review-of-the-fialuridine-fiau-clinical-trials %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/4887/review-of-the-fialuridine-fiau-clinical-trials %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Health and Medicine %P 280 %X In June 1993 a clinical trial of fialuridine (FIAU), a promising new medication for hepatitis B, was abruptly terminated when one of the 15 out-patients participating in the National Institutes of Health (NIH) study was suddenly hospitalized with liver failure. Although all the remaining patients were contacted and told to stop taking their medication, six more subsequently developed severe toxicity. Five patients died, and two others were probably saved from death only by having liver transplants. In response to a request from the Secretary of the Department of Health and Human Services, the IOM committee has analyzed the FIAU clinical trials, making recommendations for additional safeguards for the conduct of future clinical trials. This evaluation included the review of documents pertaining to investigational new drug submissions, protocols and consent forms from other clinical trials, as well as information available from other clinical and preclinical experience with compounds related to FIAU and its parent drug, fiacitibine (FIAC), which is metabolized to FIAU. The committee does not seek to affix responsibility for the adverse outcome of this NIH trial, but instead focuses on whether any rules or procedures governing the clinical trials process itself need to be changed, and if so, what burdens or costs such changes might place on future clinical trials. %0 Book %A Institute of Medicine %A National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine %E Claiborne, Anne %E English, Rebecca %E Kahn, Jeffrey %T Mitochondrial Replacement Techniques: Ethical, Social, and Policy Considerations %@ 978-0-309-38870-2 %D 2016 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/21871/mitochondrial-replacement-techniques-ethical-social-and-policy-considerations %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/21871/mitochondrial-replacement-techniques-ethical-social-and-policy-considerations %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Health and Medicine %P 200 %X Mitochondrial replacement techniques (MRTs) are designed to prevent the transmission of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) diseases from mother to child. While MRTs, if effective, could satisfy a desire of women seeking to have a genetically related child without the risk of passing on mtDNA disease, the technique raises significant ethical and social issues. It would create offspring who have genetic material from two women, something never sanctioned in humans, and would create mitochondrial changes that could be heritable (in female offspring), and therefore passed on in perpetuity. The manipulation would be performed on eggs or embryos, would affect every cell of the resulting individual, and once carried out this genetic manipulation is not reversible. Mitochondrial Replacement Techniques considers the implications of manipulating mitochondrial content both in children born to women as a result of participating in these studies and in descendants of any female offspring. This study examines the ethical and social issues related to MRTs, outlines principles that would provide a framework and foundation for oversight of MRTs, and develops recommendations to inform the Food and Drug Administration's consideration of investigational new drug applications. %0 Book %A National Research Council %T Opportunities in Biotechnology for Future Army Applications %@ 978-0-309-07555-8 %D 2001 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/10142/opportunities-in-biotechnology-for-future-army-applications %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/10142/opportunities-in-biotechnology-for-future-army-applications %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Biology and Life Sciences %K Conflict and Security Issues %P 117 %X This report surveys opportunities for future Army applications in biotechnology, including sensors, electronics and computers, materials, logistics, and medical therapeutics, by matching commercial trends and developments with enduring Army requirements. Several biotechnology areas are identified as important for the Army to exploit, either by direct funding of research or by indirect influence of commercial sources, to achieve significant gains in combat effectiveness before 2025. %0 Book %A National Research Council %T Occupational Health and Safety in the Care and Use of Research Animals %@ 978-0-309-05299-3 %D 1997 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/4988/occupational-health-and-safety-in-the-care-and-use-of-research-animals %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/4988/occupational-health-and-safety-in-the-care-and-use-of-research-animals %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Biology and Life Sciences %P 168 %X Much has been written about the care of research animals. Yet little guidance has appeared on protecting the health and safety of the people who care for or use these animals. This book, an implementation handbook and companion to Guide For the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals, identifies principles for building a program and discusses the accountability of institutional leaders, managers, and employees for a program's success. It provides a detailed description of risks—physical and chemical hazards, allergens and zoonoses, and hazards from experiments—which will serve as a continuing reference for the laboratory. The book offers specific recommendations for controlling risk through administrative procedures, facility design, engineering controls, and periodic evaluations. The volume focuses on the worker, with detailed discussions of work practices, the use of personal protective gear, and the development of an emergency response plan. This handbook will be invaluable to administrators, researchers, and employees in any animal research facility. It will also be of interest to personnel in zoos, animal shelters, and veterinary facilities. %0 Book %A Institute of Medicine %E Wymelenberg, Suzanne %T Science and Babies: Private Decisions, Public Dilemmas %@ 978-0-309-04136-2 %D 1990 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/1453/science-and-babies-private-decisions-public-dilemmas %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/1453/science-and-babies-private-decisions-public-dilemmas %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Health and Medicine %P 184 %X By all indicators, the reproductive health of Americans has been deteriorating since 1980. Our nation is troubled by rates of teen pregnancies and newborn deaths that are worse than almost all others in the Western world. Science and Babies is a straightforward presentation of the major reproductive issues we face that suggests answers for the public. The book discusses how the clash of opinions on sex and family planning prevents us from making a national commitment to reproductive health; why people in the United States have fewer contraceptive choices than those in many other countries; what we need to do to improve social and medical services for teens and people living in poverty; how couples should "shop" for a fertility service and make consumer-wise decisions; and what we can expect in the future—featuring interesting accounts of potential scientific advances.