%0 Book %A National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine %T Genetically Engineered Crops: Experiences and Prospects %@ 978-0-309-43738-7 %D 2016 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/23395/genetically-engineered-crops-experiences-and-prospects %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/23395/genetically-engineered-crops-experiences-and-prospects %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Biology and Life Sciences %K Agriculture %P 606 %X Genetically engineered (GE) crops were first introduced commercially in the 1990s. After two decades of production, some groups and individuals remain critical of the technology based on their concerns about possible adverse effects on human health, the environment, and ethical considerations. At the same time, others are concerned that the technology is not reaching its potential to improve human health and the environment because of stringent regulations and reduced public funding to develop products offering more benefits to society. While the debate about these and other questions related to the genetic engineering techniques of the first 20 years goes on, emerging genetic-engineering technologies are adding new complexities to the conversation. Genetically Engineered Crops builds on previous related Academies reports published between 1987 and 2010 by undertaking a retrospective examination of the purported positive and adverse effects of GE crops and to anticipate what emerging genetic-engineering technologies hold for the future. This report indicates where there are uncertainties about the economic, agronomic, health, safety, or other impacts of GE crops and food, and makes recommendations to fill gaps in safety assessments, increase regulatory clarity, and improve innovations in and access to GE technology. %0 Book %A National Academy of Engineering %A National Academy of Engineering %T Frontiers of Engineering: Reports on Leading-Edge Engineering from the 2006 Symposium %@ 978-0-309-10339-8 %D 2007 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/11827/frontiers-of-engineering-reports-on-leading-edge-engineering-from-the %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/11827/frontiers-of-engineering-reports-on-leading-edge-engineering-from-the %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Computers and Information Technology %K Engineering and Technology %P 202 %X This volume includes 15 papers from the National Academy of Engineering's 2006 U.S. Frontiers of Engineering (USFOE) Symposium held in September 2006. USFOE meetings bring together 100 outstanding engineers (ages 30 to 45) to exchange information about leading-edge technologies in a range of engineering fields. The 2006 symposium covered four topic areas: intelligent software systems and machines, the nano/bio interface, engineering personal mobility for the 21st century, and supply chain management. A paper by dinner speaker Dr. W. Dale Compton, Lillian M. Gilbreth Distinguished Professor of Industrial Engineering, Emeritus, is also included. The papers describe leading-edge research on commercializing auditory neuroscience, future developments in bionanotechnology, sustainable urban transportation, and managing disruptions to supply chains, among other topics. Appendixes include information about contributors, the symposium program, and a list of meeting participants. This is the twelfth volume in the USFOE series. %0 Book %A National Research Council %T Mathematics Education in the Middle Grades: Teaching to Meet the Needs of Middle Grades Learners and to Maintain High Expectations: Proceedings of a National Convocation and Action Conferences %@ 978-0-309-06797-3 %D 2000 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/9764/mathematics-education-in-the-middle-grades-teaching-to-meet-the %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/9764/mathematics-education-in-the-middle-grades-teaching-to-meet-the %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Education %P 270 %X In September 1998, the Math Science Education Board National held a Convocation on Middle Grades Mathematics that was co-sponsored by the National Council of Teachers of Mathematics, the National Middle School Association, and the American Educational Research Association. The Convocation was structured to present the teaching of middle school mathematics from two points of view: teaching mathematics with a focus on the subject matter content or teaching mathematics with a focus on the whole child and whole curriculum. This book discusses the challenges before the nation's mathematical sciences community to focus its energy on the improvement of middle grades mathematics education and to begin an ongoing national dialogue on middle grades mathematics education. %0 Book %A Institute of Medicine %E Smedley, Brian D. %E Stith, Adrienne Y. %E Colburn, Lois %E Evans, Clyde H. %T The Right Thing to Do, The Smart Thing to Do: Enhancing Diversity in the Health Professions -- Summary of the Symposium on Diversity in Health Professions in Honor of Herbert W. Nickens, M.D. %@ 978-0-309-07614-2 %D 2001 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/10186/the-right-thing-to-do-the-smart-thing-to-do %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/10186/the-right-thing-to-do-the-smart-thing-to-do %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Health and Medicine %P 376 %X The Symposium on Diversity in the Health Professions in Honor of Herbert W. Nickens, M.D., was convened in March 2001 to provide a forum for health policymakers, health professions educators, education policymakers, researchers, and others to address three significant and contradictory challenges: the continued under-representation of African Americans, Hispanics, and Native Americans in health professions; the growth of these populations in the United States and subsequent pressure to address their health care needs; and the recent policy, legislative, and legal challenges to affirmative action that may limit access for underrepresented minority students to health professions training. The symposium summary along with a collection of papers presented are to help stimulate further discussion and action toward addressing these challenges. The Right Thing to Do, The Smart Thing to Do: Enhancing Diversity in Health Professions illustrates how the health care industry and health care professions are fighting to retain the public's confidence so that the U.S. health care system can continue to be the world's best. %0 Book %A National Research Council %E Bowman, Barbara T. %E Donovan, M. Suzanne %E Burns, M. Susan %T Eager to Learn: Educating Our Preschoolers %@ 978-0-309-27423-4 %D 2001 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/9745/eager-to-learn-educating-our-preschoolers %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/9745/eager-to-learn-educating-our-preschoolers %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Education %P 468 %X Clearly babies come into the world remarkably receptive to its wonders. Their alertness to sights, sounds, and even abstract concepts makes them inquisitive explorers—and learners—every waking minute. Well before formal schooling begins, children's early experiences lay the foundations for their later social behavior, emotional regulation, and literacy. Yet, for a variety of reasons, far too little attention is given to the quality of these crucial years. Outmoded theories, outdated facts, and undersized budgets all play a part in the uneven quality of early childhood programs throughout our country. What will it take to provide better early education and care for our children between the ages of two and five? Eager to Learn explores this crucial question, synthesizing the newest research findings on how young children learn and the impact of early learning. Key discoveries in how young children learn are reviewed in language accessible to parents as well as educators: findings about the interplay of biology and environment, variations in learning among individuals and children from different social and economic groups, and the importance of health, safety, nutrition and interpersonal warmth to early learning. Perhaps most significant, the book documents how very early in life learning really begins. Valuable conclusions and recommendations are presented in the areas of the teacher-child relationship, the organization and content of curriculum, meeting the needs of those children most at risk of school failure, teacher preparation, assessment of teaching and learning, and more. The book discusses: Evidence for competing theories, models, and approaches in the field and a hard look at some day-to-day practices and activities generally used in preschool. The role of the teacher, the importance of peer interactions, and other relationships in the child's life. Learning needs of minority children, children with disabilities, and other special groups. Approaches to assessing young children's learning for the purposes of policy decisions, diagnosis of educational difficulties, and instructional planning. Preparation and continuing development of teachers. Eager to Learn presents a comprehensive, coherent picture of early childhood learning, along with a clear path toward improving this important stage of life for all children. %0 Book %A National Research Council %T Addressing the Nation's Changing Needs for Biomedical and Behavioral Scientists %@ 978-0-309-06981-6 %D 2000 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/9827/addressing-the-nations-changing-needs-for-biomedical-and-behavioral-scientists %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/9827/addressing-the-nations-changing-needs-for-biomedical-and-behavioral-scientists %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Health and Medicine %P 132 %X As biomedical and behavioral research progresses into new areas, the number of scientists active in various fields rises and falls, and the health needs of the U.S. population evolve, it is important to ensure that the preparation of future investigators reflects these changes. This book addresses these topics by considering questions such as the following: What is the current supply of biomedical and behavioral scientists? How is future demand for scientists likely to be affected by factors such as advances in research, trends in the employment of scientists, future research funding, and changes in health care delivery? What are the best ways to prepare prospective investigators to meet future needs in scientific research? In the course of addressing these questions, this volume examines the number of investigators trained every year, patterns of hiring by universities and industry, and the age of the scientific workforce in different fields, and makes recommendations for the number of scientists that should be trained in the years ahead. This book also considers the diversity of the research workforce and the importance of providing prospective scientists with the skills to successfully collaborate with investigators in related fields, and offers suggestions for how government and universities should structure their research training programs differently in the future. %0 Book %A Institute of Medicine %E Federman, Daniel D. %E Hanna, Kathi E. %E Rodriguez, Laura Lyman %T Responsible Research: A Systems Approach to Protecting Research Participants %@ 978-0-309-08488-8 %D 2003 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/10508/responsible-research-a-systems-approach-to-protecting-research-participants %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/10508/responsible-research-a-systems-approach-to-protecting-research-participants %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Health and Medicine %P 312 %X When 18-year-old Jesse Gelsinger died in a gene transfer study at the University of Pennsylvania, the national spotlight focused on the procedures used to ensure research participants' safety and their capacity to safeguard the well-being of those who volunteer for research studies. Responsible Research outlines a three-pronged approach to ensure the protection of every participant through the establishment of effective Human Research Participant Protection Programs (HRPPPs). The approach includes: Improved research review processes, Recognition and integration of research participants' contributions to the system, and Vigilant maintenance of HRPPP performance. Issues addressed in the book include the need for in-depth, complimentary reviews of science, ethics, and conflict of interest reviews; desired qualifications for investigators and reviewers; the process of informed consent; federal and institutional oversight; and the role of accreditation. Recommendations for areas of key interest include suggestions for legislative approaches, compensation for research-related injury, and the refocusing of the mission of institutional review boards. Responsible Research will be important to anyone interested in the issues that are relevant to the practice of using human subjects as research participants, but especially so to policy makers, research administrators, investigators, and research sponsors–but also including volunteers who may agree to serve as research participants. %0 Book %E Hazen, Robert M. %T Genesis: The Scientific Quest for Life's Origin %D 2005 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/10753/genesis-the-scientific-quest-for-lifes-origin %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/10753/genesis-the-scientific-quest-for-lifes-origin %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Explore Science %K Biology and Life Sciences %P 368 %X Life on Earth arose nearly 4 billion years ago, bursting forth from air, water, and rock. Though the process obeyed all the rules of chemistry and physics, the details of that original event pose as deep a mystery as any facing science. How did non-living chemicals become alive? While the question is (deceivingly) simple, the answers are unquestionably complex. Science inevitably plays a key role in any discussion of life’s origins, dealing less with the question of why life appeared on Earth than with where, when, and how it emerged on the blasted, barren face of our primitive planet. Astrobiologist Robert Hazen has spent many years dealing with the fundamental questions of life’s genesis. As an active research scientist, he is down deep in all the messy details that science has to offer on the subject, tracing the inexorable sequence of events that led to the complicated interactions of carbonbased molecules. As he takes us through the astounding process of emergence, we are witness to the first tentative steps toward life—from the unfathomable abundance of carbon biomolecules synthesized in the black vacuum of space to the surface of the Earth to deep within our planet’s restless crust. We are privy to the breathtaking drama that rapidly unfolds as life prevails. The theory of emergence is poised to answer a multitude of questions—even as it raises the possibility that natural processes exist beyond what we now know, perhaps beyond what we even comprehend. Genesis tells the tale of transforming scientific advances in our quest for life’s origins. Written with grace, beauty, and authority, it goes directly to the heart of who we are and why we are here. %0 Book %A Institute of Medicine %T Veterans and Agent Orange: Update 2000 %@ 978-0-309-07552-7 %D 2001 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/10098/veterans-and-agent-orange-update-2000 %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/10098/veterans-and-agent-orange-update-2000 %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Health and Medicine %K Conflict and Security Issues %P 622 %X Veterans and Agent Orange: Update 2000 examines the state of the scientific evidence regarding associations between diseases and exposure to dioxin and other chemical compounds in herbicides used in Vietnam. It is the fourth in a series of comprehensive reviews of epidemiologic and toxicologic studies of the agents used as defoliants during the Vietnam War. Over forty health outcomes in veterans and their children are addressed. Among the report's conclusions is that there is sufficient evidence of a link between exposure and the development of soft-tissue sarcoma, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, Hodgkin's disease, and chloracne in veterans. Additionally, it found that scientific studies offer "limited or suggestive" evidence of an association with other diseases in veterans—including Type 2 diabetes, respiratory cancers, prostate cancer, multiple myeloma and some forms of transient peripheral neuropathy—as well as the congenital birth defect spina bifida in veterans' children. %0 Book %E Carlowicz, Michael J. %E Lopez, Ramon E. %T Storms from the Sun: The Emerging Science of Space Weather %D 2002 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/10249/storms-from-the-sun-the-emerging-science-of-space-weather %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/10249/storms-from-the-sun-the-emerging-science-of-space-weather %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Explore Science %K Space and Aeronautics %P 256 %X From the casual conversation starter to the 24-hour cable channels and Web sites devoted exclusively to the subject, everyone talks about weather. There's even weather in space and it's causing major upsets to our modern technological world. Space weather is all around us. There are no nightly news reports on space weather (yet), but we're rapidly developing the tools necessary to measure and observe trends in cosmic meteorology. New probes are going on-line that help us monitor the weather taking place miles above the Earth. But why does space weather matter? It doesn't affect whether we bring an umbrella to work or require us to monitor early school closings. It's far, far away and of little concern to us . . . right? March 13, 1989. The Department of Defense tracking system that keeps tabs on 8,000 objects orbiting Earth suddenly loses track of 1,300 of them. In New Jersey, a $10 million transformer is burned up by a surge of extra current in the power lines. Shocks to a power station in Quebec leave 6 million people without electricity. New England power stations struggle to keep their power grid up. Listeners tuning in to their local stations in Minnesota hear the broadcasts of the California Highway Patrol. Residents of Florida, Mexico, and the Grand Cayman Islands see glowing curtains of light in the sky. All of these bizarre, and seemingly unconnected, events were caused by a storm on the Sun and a fire in the sky. A series of solar flares and explosions had launched bolts of hot, electrified gas at the Earth and stirred up the second largest magnetic storm in recorded history. Before rockets and radio and the advent of other modern devices, we probably would never have noticed the effects of this space storm. But in today's electrically powered, space-faring world, the greatest space storm of the twenty-second solar maximum rang like a wake-up call. And we are now in the midst of another solar maximum, the effects of which are expected to be felt all the way through the year 2004. Storms from the Sun explores the emerging physical science of space weather and traces its increasing impact on a society that relies on space-based technologies. Authors Carlowicz and Lopez explain what space weather really means to us down here, and what it may mean for future explorations and colonization of distant worlds. By translating the findings of NASA and other top scientists into fascinating and accessible descriptions of the latest discoveries, we are privy to some of the most closely held secrets that the solar terrestrial system has to offer. %0 Book %A National Research Council %T Scientific and Medical Aspects of Human Reproductive Cloning %@ 978-0-309-07637-1 %D 2002 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/10285/scientific-and-medical-aspects-of-human-reproductive-cloning %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/10285/scientific-and-medical-aspects-of-human-reproductive-cloning %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Biology and Life Sciences %K Health and Medicine %P 294 %X Human reproductive cloning is an assisted reproductive technology that would be carried out with the goal of creating a newborn genetically identical to another human being. It is currently the subject of much debate around the world, involving a variety of ethical, religious, societal, scientific, and medical issues. Scientific and Medical Aspects of Human Reproductive Cloning considers the scientific and medical sides of this issue, plus ethical issues that pertain to human-subjects research. Based on experience with reproductive cloning in animals, the report concludes that human reproductive cloning would be dangerous for the woman, fetus, and newborn, and is likely to fail. The study panel did not address the issue of whether human reproductive cloning, even if it were found to be medically safe, would be—or would not be—acceptable to individuals or society. %0 Book %A Institute of Medicine %T Non-Heart-Beating Organ Transplantation: Practice and Protocols %@ 978-0-309-06641-9 %D 2000 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/9700/non-heart-beating-organ-transplantation-practice-and-protocols %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/9700/non-heart-beating-organ-transplantation-practice-and-protocols %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Health and Medicine %P 172 %X In 1997, the Institute of Medicine published a report entitled Non-Heart- Beating Organ Transplantation: Medical and Ethical Issues in Procurement. The findings and recommendations of that study defined the ethical and scientific basis for non-heart-beating organ donation and transplantation, and provided specific recommendations for practices that affirm patient welfare, promote patient and family choice, and avoid conflicts of interest. Following the 1997 study, the Department of Health and Human Services requested a follow up study to promote such efforts. The central activity for this study was a workshop held in Washington, D.C., on May 24-25, 1999. The workshop provided the opportunity for extensive dialogue on non-heart-beating organ donation among hospitals and organ procurement organizations (OPOs) that are actively involved in non-heartbeating organ and tissue donation and those with concerns about whether and how to proceed. The findings and recommendations of this report are based in large measure on the discussions and insights from that workshop. Non-Heart-Beating Organ Transplantation includes seven recommendations for developing and implementing non-heart-beating-donor protocols. These recommendations were based on the findings and recommendations from the 1997 IOM report and consensus achieved among participants at the national workshop. The committee developed these recommendations as steps towards an approach to non-heart-beating-donor organ donation and procurement consistent with underlying scientific and ethical guidelines, patient and family options and choices, and public trust in organ donation. %0 Book %A Institute of Medicine %E Stratton, Kathleen R. %E Durch, Jane S. %E Lawrence, Robert S. %T Vaccines for the 21st Century: A Tool for Decisionmaking %@ 978-0-309-05646-5 %D 2000 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/5501/vaccines-for-the-21st-century-a-tool-for-decisionmaking %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/5501/vaccines-for-the-21st-century-a-tool-for-decisionmaking %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Health and Medicine %P 472 %X Vaccines have made it possible to eradicate the scourge of smallpox, promise the same for polio, and have profoundly reduced the threat posed by other diseases such as whooping cough, measles, and meningitis. What is next? There are many pathogens, autoimmune diseases, and cancers that may be promising targets for vaccine research and development. This volume provides an analytic framework and quantitative model for evaluating disease conditions that can be applied by those setting priorities for vaccine development over the coming decades. The committee describes an approach for comparing potential new vaccines based on their impact on morbidity and mortality and on the costs of both health care and vaccine development. The book examines: Lessons to be learned from the polio experience. Scientific advances that set the stage for new vaccines. Factors that affect how vaccines are used in the population. Value judgments and ethical questions raised by comparison of health needs and benefits. The committee provides a way to compare different forms of illness and set vaccine priorities without assigning a monetary value to lives. Their recommendations will be important to anyone involved in science policy and public health planning: policymakers, regulators, health care providers, vaccine manufacturers, and researchers. %0 Book %A Institute of Medicine %T Care of the Elderly Patient: Policy Issues and Research Opportunities %@ 978-0-309-04097-6 %D 1989 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/1423/care-of-the-elderly-patient-policy-issues-and-research-opportunities %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/1423/care-of-the-elderly-patient-policy-issues-and-research-opportunities %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Health and Medicine %P 152 %X A guiding principle of the Council on Health Care Technology is a special focus on medical technology assessment measures that coincide with patient well-being, quality of health care, and quality of life. Of particular concern is care of the elderly, which constitutes a special and vulnerable patient population. This comprehensive book discusses the appropriate use of technology to minimize risks posed to the elderly patient in the delivery of health care services. It covers home and community care as well as acute hospital care, and system resources and constraints. %0 Book %A Institute of Medicine %A National Academy of Sciences %A National Academy of Engineering %T Adviser, Teacher, Role Model, Friend: On Being a Mentor to Students in Science and Engineering %@ 978-0-309-06363-0 %D 1997 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/5789/adviser-teacher-role-model-friend-on-being-a-mentor-to %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/5789/adviser-teacher-role-model-friend-on-being-a-mentor-to %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Education %P 96 %X This guide offers helpful advice on how teachers, administrators, and career advisers in science and engineering can become better mentors to their students. It starts with the premise that a successful mentor guides students in a variety of ways: by helping them get the most from their educational experience, by introducing them to and making them comfortable with a specific disciplinary culture, and by offering assistance with the search for suitable employment. Other topics covered in the guide include career planning, time management, writing development, and responsible scientific conduct. Also included is a valuable list of bibliographical and Internet resources on mentoring and related topics. %0 Book %A National Research Council %T U.S. Nuclear Engineering Education: Status and Prospects %@ 978-0-309-04280-2 %D 1990 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/1696/us-nuclear-engineering-education-status-and-prospects %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/1696/us-nuclear-engineering-education-status-and-prospects %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Education %K Engineering and Technology %P 180 %X Given current downward trends in graduate and undergraduate enrollment in the nuclear engineering curriculum, there is a fundamental concern that there will not be enough nuclear engineering graduates available to meet future needs. This book characterizes the status of nuclear engineering education in the United States, estimates the supply and demand for nuclear engineers—both graduate and undergraduate—over the next 5 to 20 years, addresses the range of material that the nuclear engineering curriculum should cover and how it should relate to allied disciplines, and recommends actions to help ensure that the nation's needs for competent graduate and undergraduate nuclear engineers can be met. %0 Book %T Letter Report from the Panel for the Review of Proposals for NASA's Intelligent Propulsion Systems Foundation Technology (PSFT) Program %D 2004 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/11132/letter-report-from-the-panel-for-the-review-of-proposals-for-nasas-intelligent-propulsion-systems-foundation-technology-psft-program %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/11132/letter-report-from-the-panel-for-the-review-of-proposals-for-nasas-intelligent-propulsion-systems-foundation-technology-psft-program %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %P 9 %0 Book %A Institute of Medicine %A National Academy of Sciences %A National Academy of Engineering %T Careers in Science and Engineering: A Student Planning Guide to Grad School and Beyond %@ 978-0-309-05393-8 %D 1996 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/5129/careers-in-science-and-engineering-a-student-planning-guide-to %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/5129/careers-in-science-and-engineering-a-student-planning-guide-to %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Education %P 160 %X As science and technology advance, the needs of employers change, and these changes continually reshape the job market for scientists and engineers. Such shifts present challenges for students as they struggle to make well-informed education and career choices. Careers in Science and Engineering offers guidance to students on planning careers—particularly careers in nonacademic settings—and acquiring the education necessary to attain career goals. This booklet is designed for graduate science and engineering students currently in or soon to graduate from a university, as well as undergraduates in their third or fourth year of study who are deciding whether or not to pursue graduate education. The content has been reviewed by a number of student focus groups and an advisory committee that included students and representatives of several disciplinary societies. Careers in Science and Engineering offers advice on not only surviving but also enjoying a science- or engineering-related education and career—how to find out about possible careers to pursue, choose a graduate school, select a research project, work with advisers, balance breadth against specialization, obtain funding, evaluate postdoctoral appointments, build skills, and more. Throughout, Careers in Science and Engineering lists resources and suggests people to interview in order to gather the information and insights needed to make good education and career choices. The booklet also offers profiles of science and engineering professionals in a variety of careers. Careers in Science and Engineering will be important to undergraduate and graduate students who have decided to pursue a career in science and engineering or related areas. It will also be of interest to faculty, counselors, and education administrators. %0 Book %A Institute of Medicine %A National Academy of Sciences %A National Academy of Engineering %T Reshaping the Graduate Education of Scientists and Engineers %@ 978-0-309-05285-6 %D 1995 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/4935/reshaping-the-graduate-education-of-scientists-and-engineers %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/4935/reshaping-the-graduate-education-of-scientists-and-engineers %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Education %P 220 %X Are we producing too many PhDs? Does the current graduate education system adequately prepare science and engineering students for today's marketplace? How do foreign students enter the picture? What should be the PhD of the future? These and other questions are addressed in this book by a blue-ribbon panel of scientists and engineers. Recommendations are aimed at creating a new PhD that would retain the existing strengths of the current system while substantially increasing the information available, the potential versatility of students, and the career options afforded to them by their PhD education. %0 Book %A Institute of Medicine %A National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine %E Snair, Justin %E Hermann, Jack %E Brown, Lisa %E Wollek, Scott %E Balogh, Erin %E Maxfield, Kimberly %T Potential Research Priorities to Inform Public Health and Medical Practice for Domestic Zika Virus: Workshop in Brief %D 2016 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/23404/potential-research-priorities-to-inform-public-health-and-medical-practice-for-domestic-zika-virus %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/23404/potential-research-priorities-to-inform-public-health-and-medical-practice-for-domestic-zika-virus %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Health and Medicine %P 8 %X Given the recent rapid spread of Zika virus (ZIKV) throughout the Americas and the presence of its vector mosquito species within parts of the United States, RADM Nicole Lurie, Assistant Secretary for Preparedness and Response, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, determined an urgent need for additional research to better characterize ZIKV, especially those issues related to the means of transmission and infection during pregnancy. The National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine convened a 1-day public workshop on February 16, 2016, to discuss and explore key factors associated with ZIKV.