%0 Book %A National Research Council %T Determining Core Capabilities in Chemical and Biological Defense Science and Technology %@ 978-0-309-26535-5 %D 2012 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/13516/determining-core-capabilities-in-chemical-and-biological-defense-science-and-technology %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/13516/determining-core-capabilities-in-chemical-and-biological-defense-science-and-technology %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Conflict and Security Issues %P 150 %X The goal of the U.S. Department of Defense's (DoD's) Chemical and Biological Defense Program (CBDP) is to provide support and world-class capabilities enabling he U.S. Armed Forces to fight and win decisively in chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear (CBRN) environments. To accomplish this objective, the CBDP must maintain robust science and technology capabilities to support the research, development, testing, and evaluation required for the creation and validation of the products the program supplies. The threat from chemical and biological attack evolves due to the changing nature of conflict and rapid advances in science and technology (S&T), so the core S&T capabilities that must be maintained by the CBDP must also continue to evolve. In order to address the challenges facing the DoD, the Deputy Assistant Secretary of Defense (DASD) for Chemical and Biological Defense (CBD) asked the National Research Council (NRC) to conduct a study to identify the core capabilities in S&T that must be supported by the program. The NRC Committee on Determining Core Capabilities in Chemical and Biological Defense Research and Development examined the capabilities necessary for the chemical and biological defense S&T program in the context of the threat and of the program's stated mission and priorities. Determining Core Capabilities in Chemical and Biological Defense Science and Technology contains the committee's findings and recommendations. It is intended to assist the DASD CBD in determining the best strategy for acquiring, developing, and/or maintaining the needed capabilities. %0 Book %A National Academy of Engineering %A National Research Council %T Assuring the U.S. Department of Defense a Strong Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) Workforce %@ 978-0-309-26213-2 %D 2012 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/13467/assuring-the-us-department-of-defense-a-strong-science-technology-engineering-and-mathematics-stem-workforce %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/13467/assuring-the-us-department-of-defense-a-strong-science-technology-engineering-and-mathematics-stem-workforce %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Education %K Industry and Labor %K Conflict and Security Issues %P 156 %X The ability of the nation's military to prevail during future conflicts, and to fulfill its humanitarian and other missions, depends on continued advances in the nation's technology base. A workforce with robust Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM) capabilities is critical to sustaining U.S. preeminence. Today, however, the STEM activities of the Department of Defense (DOD) are a small and diminishing part of the nation's overall science and engineering enterprise. Assuring the U.S. Department of Defense a Strong Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) Workforce presents five principal recommendations for attracting, retaining, and managing highly qualified STEM talent within the department based on an examination of the current STEM workforce of DOD and the defense industrial base. As outlined in the report, DOD should focus its investments to ensure that STEM competencies in all potentially critical, emerging topical areas are maintained at least at a basic level within the department and its industrial and university bases. %0 Book %A National Research Council %T Review of the National Defense Intelligence College's Master's Degree in Science and Technology Intelligence %@ 978-0-309-22054-5 %D 2011 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/13260/review-of-the-national-defense-intelligence-colleges-masters-degree-in-science-and-technology-intelligence %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/13260/review-of-the-national-defense-intelligence-colleges-masters-degree-in-science-and-technology-intelligence %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Education %K Behavioral and Social Sciences %P 46 %X The National Research Council (NRC) was asked by the National Defense Intelligence College (NDIC) to convene a committee to review the curriculum and syllabi for their proposed master of science degree in science and technology intelligence. The NRC was asked to review the material provided by the NDIC and offer advice and recommendations regarding the program's structure and goals of the Master of Science and Technology Intelligence (MS&TI) program. The Committee for the Review of the Master's Degree Program for Science and Technology Professionals convened in May 2011, received extensive briefings and material from the NDIC faculty and administrators, and commenced a detailed review of the material. This letter report contains the findings and recommendations of the committee. Review of the National Defense Intelligence College's Master's Degree in Science and Technology Intelligence centers on two general areas. First, the committee found that the biological sciences and systems engineering were underrepresented in the existing program structure. Secondly, the committee recommends that the NDIC faculty restructure the program and course learning objectives to focus more specifically on science and technology, with particular emphasis on the empirical measurement of student achievement. Given the dynamic and ever-changing nature of science and technology, the syllabi should continue to evolve as change occurs. %0 Book %A National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine %T Nuclear Proliferation and Arms Control Monitoring, Detection, and Verification: A National Security Priority: Interim Report %@ 978-0-309-31434-3 %D 2021 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/26088/nuclear-proliferation-and-arms-control-monitoring-detection-and-verification-a %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/26088/nuclear-proliferation-and-arms-control-monitoring-detection-and-verification-a %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Conflict and Security Issues %P 192 %X At the request of Congress, this report presents findings and recommendations related to governance of the U.S. government's monitoring, detection, and verification (MDV) enterprise and offers findings and recommendations related to technical MDV capabilities and research, development, test, and evaluation efforts, focused in particular on the nuclear fuel cycle, nuclear test explosions, and arms control. %0 Book %A National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine %T DoD Engagement with Its Manufacturing Innovation Institutes: Phase 2 Study Interim Report %@ 978-0-309-49296-6 %D 2021 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/26149/dod-engagement-with-its-manufacturing-innovation-institutes-phase-2-study %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/26149/dod-engagement-with-its-manufacturing-innovation-institutes-phase-2-study %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Industry and Labor %K Conflict and Security Issues %P 56 %X To better support the need for timely, effective manufacturing technology development and transition, the Department of Defense (DoD) has established nine Manufacturing Innovation Institutes (MIIs) through its Defense-wide Manufacturing Science and Technology program element within the DoD Manufacturing Technology program. The Institutes are considered by DoD to be important facilitators that bring together innovative ecosystems in key technology and market sectors in the United States. The DoD MIIs are industry-led, with dual, public-private benefit, providing large commercial market potential while also meeting key U.S. defense industrial needs. The mission of the nine DoD-established Institutes addresses both defense and commercial manufacturing needs within specific, defense-relevant technology areas. The National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine was asked to perform a follow-on study to its 2019 report Strategic Long-Term Participation by DoD in Its Manufacturing USA Institutes, which examined DoD's strategic relationship with the DoD Manufacturing Innovation Institutes. The Committee on DOD Engagement with Its Manufacturing USA MIIs Phase 2 Study was formed to provide strategic guidance in the following topics that were identified in the 2019 report for further exploration: protocols for conducting long term engagement assessments of the MIIs including evaluation metrics, best practices for MII education and workforce development programs, and development of strategies for better connecting MIIs to the broader DoD community. This interim report focuses on the protocol assessment topic in a timeframe that would allow its perspectives to be used in the execution of the first DoD 5-year MII evaluations planned for 2021. %0 Book %A National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine %T Origins, Worlds, and Life: A Decadal Strategy for Planetary Science and Astrobiology 2023-2032 %@ 978-0-309-47578-5 %D 2023 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/26522/origins-worlds-and-life-a-decadal-strategy-for-planetary-science %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/26522/origins-worlds-and-life-a-decadal-strategy-for-planetary-science %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Space and Aeronautics %P 736 %X The next decade of planetary science and astrobiology holds tremendous promise. New research will expand our understanding of our solar system's origins, how planets form and evolve, under what conditions life can survive, and where to find potentially habitable environments in our solar system and beyond. Origins, Worlds, and Life: A Decadal Strategy for Planetary Science and Astrobiology 2023-2032 highlights key science questions, identifies priority missions, and presents a comprehensive research strategy that includes both planetary defense and human exploration. This report also recommends ways to support the profession as well as the technologies and infrastructure needed to carry out the science. %0 Book %A National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine %T Empowering the Defense Acquisition Workforce to Improve Mission Outcomes Using Data Science %@ 978-0-309-68493-4 %D 2021 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/25979/empowering-the-defense-acquisition-workforce-to-improve-mission-outcomes-using-data-science %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/25979/empowering-the-defense-acquisition-workforce-to-improve-mission-outcomes-using-data-science %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Conflict and Security Issues %K Computers and Information Technology %K Math, Chemistry, and Physics %P 154 %X The effective use of data science - the science and technology of extracting value from data - improves, enhances, and strengthens acquisition decision-making and outcomes. Using data science to support decision making is not new to the defense acquisition community; its use by the acquisition workforce has enabled acquisition and thus defense successes for decades. Still, more consistent and expanded application of data science will continue improving acquisition outcomes, and doing so requires coordinated efforts across the defense acquisition system and its related communities and stakeholders. Central to that effort is the development, growth, and sustainment of data science capabilities across the acquisition workforce. At the request of the Under Secretary of Defense for Acquisition and Sustainment, Empowering the Defense Acquisition Workforce to Improve Mission Outcomes Using Data Science assesses how data science can improve acquisition processes and develops a framework for training and educating the defense acquisition workforce to better exploit the application of data science. This report identifies opportunities where data science can improve acquisition processes, the relevant data science skills and capabilities necessary for the acquisition workforce, and relevant models of data science training and education. %0 Book %A National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine %T DoD Engagement with Its Manufacturing Innovation Institutes: Phase 2 Study Final Report %@ 978-0-309-26319-1 %D 2021 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/26329/dod-engagement-with-its-manufacturing-innovation-institutes-phase-2-study %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/26329/dod-engagement-with-its-manufacturing-innovation-institutes-phase-2-study %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Industry and Labor %K Conflict and Security Issues %P 222 %X To better support the need for timely, effective manufacturing technology development and transition, the Department of Defense (DoD) has established nine Manufacturing Innovation Institutes (MIIs) through its Defense-wide Manufacturing Science and Technology program element within the DoD Manufacturing Technology program. The institutes are considered by DoD to be important facilitators that bring together innovative ecosystems in key technology and market sectors in the United States. DoD MIIs are industry-led public private partnerships, with dual, public and private benefit, providing large commercial market potential while also meeting key U.S. defense industrial needs. The mission of the nine DoD-established institutes addresses both defense and commercial manufacturing needs within specific, defense-relevant technology areas. DoD Engagement with Its Manufacturing Innovation Institutes Phase 2 Study provides strategic guidance on protocols for conducting long term engagement assessments of the MIIs including evaluation metrics; best practices for MII education and workforce development programs; and development of strategies for better connecting MIIs to the broader DoD community and to other federal agencies. An interim report focused on the MII assessment protocol topic was published in April 2021 and is also included in this report, in appendixes C and D. This final report provides findings and recommendations relevant to education and workforce development best practices and DoD and other federal agency engagement strategies. %0 Book %A National Research Council %T The Impact of Acquisition Reform on Department of Defense Specifications and Standards for Materials and Processes: Report of the Workshop on Technical Strategies for Adoption of Commercial Materials and Processing Standards in Defense Procurement %D 2002 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/10345/the-impact-of-acquisition-reform-on-department-of-defense-specifications-and-standards-for-materials-and-processes %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/10345/the-impact-of-acquisition-reform-on-department-of-defense-specifications-and-standards-for-materials-and-processes %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Engineering and Technology %P 63 %X At the request of the U.S. Department of Defense (DoD), through its Defense Science and Technology Reliance Group Sub-area for Materials and Processes, a committee was formed by the National Materials Advisory Board to organize and conduct a workshop on technical strategies for the adoption of commercial standards in defense procurement. This book details the findings of that committee. %0 Book %A National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine %E Schirm, Allen L. %E Marton, Krisztina %E Rivard, Jeanne C. %T Evaluation of the Minerva Research Initiative %@ 978-0-309-49428-1 %D 2020 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/25482/evaluation-of-the-minerva-research-initiative %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/25482/evaluation-of-the-minerva-research-initiative %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Behavioral and Social Sciences %P 198 %X The Minerva Research Initiative is a Department of Defense (DoD) social science grant program that funds unclassified basic research relevant to national security. The goal of the program is to make use of the intellectual capital of university-based social scientists to inform understanding of issues important to DoD and the broader national security community. Evaluation of the Minerva Research Initiative discusses the program's successes and challenges over its first decade of operation, and highlights ways to strengthen the program's foundations and take advantage of opportunities for broadening its reach and usefulness. %0 Book %A National Research Council %T Sea Basing: Ensuring Joint Force Access from the Sea %@ 978-0-309-09517-4 %D 2005 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/11370/sea-basing-ensuring-joint-force-access-from-the-sea %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/11370/sea-basing-ensuring-joint-force-access-from-the-sea %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Conflict and Security Issues %P 104 %X The availability of land bases from which to launch and maintain military, diplomatic, and humanitarian relief operations is becoming increasingly uncertain because of physical or political constraints. The ability to operate from a sea base, therefore, is likely to become more and more important. The Defense Science Board recently concluded that Sea Basing will be a critical future joint military capability and that DOD should proceed to develop such capability. Following the DSB report, the Navy requested that the National Research Council (NRC) convene a workshop to assess the science and technology base, both inside and outside the Navy, for developing Sea Basing and to identify R&D for supporting future concepts. This report of the workshop includes an examination of Sea Basing operational concepts; ship and aircraft technology available to make Sea Basing work; and issues involved in creating the sea base as a joint system of systems. %0 Book %A National Research Council %T Review of the U.S. Department of Defense Air, Space, and Supporting Information Systems Science and Technology Program %@ 978-0-309-07608-1 %D 2001 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/10179/review-of-the-us-department-of-defense-air-space-and-supporting-information-systems-science-and-technology-program %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/10179/review-of-the-us-department-of-defense-air-space-and-supporting-information-systems-science-and-technology-program %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Conflict and Security Issues %K Space and Aeronautics %P 81 %X Since the mid-1940s, when Vannevar Bush and Theodore von Karman wrote Science, the Endless Frontier and Toward New Horizons, respectively, there has been a consensus that strong Department of Defense support of science and technology (S&T) is important to the security of the United States. During the Cold War, as it faced technologically capable adversaries whose forces potentially outnumbered U.S. forces, the United States relied on a strong defense S&T program to support the development of technologically superior weapons and systems that would enable it to prevail in the event of conflict. Since the end of the Cold War, the United States has relied on its technological superiority to maintain a military advantage while at the same time reducing the size of its forces. Over the past half-century, creating and maintaining a technologically superior military capability have become fundamental to U.S. national security strategy, and investment in S&T has become a basic component of the defense budget. In late 1998, Congress asked the Secretary of Defense to conduct a study, in cooperation with the National Research Council (NRC), on the S&T base of the U.S. Department of Defense (DoD). Congress was particularly concerned about areas of the S&T program related to air systems, space systems, and supporting information systems. Its concern was based on the Air Force's reduction of its S&T program from the largest of the three military service programs to the smallest. Congress also wanted to ensure that the Air Force maintained an appropriately sized S&T workforce. In late 1999, the Deputy Under Secretary of Defense for Science and Technology asked the NRC to conduct a study to explore these issues. %0 Book %A National Research Council %T Development Planning: A Strategic Approach to Future Air Force Capabilities %@ 978-0-309-31365-0 %D 2014 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/18971/development-planning-a-strategic-approach-to-future-air-force-capabilities %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/18971/development-planning-a-strategic-approach-to-future-air-force-capabilities %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Conflict and Security Issues %P 98 %X The development and application of technology has been an essential part of U.S. airpower, leading to a century of air supremacy. But that developmental path has rarely been straight, and it has never been smooth. Only the extraordinary efforts of exceptional leadership - in the Air Forces and the wider Department of Defense, in science and in industry - have made the triumphs of military airpower possible. Development Planning provides recommendations to improve development planning for near-term acquisition projects, concepts not quite ready for acquisition, corporate strategic plans, and training of acquisition personnel. This report reviews past uses of development planning by the Air Force, and offers an organizational construct that will help the Air Force across its core functions. Developmental planning, used properly by experienced practitioners, can provide the Air Force leadership with a tool to answer the critical question, Over the next 20 years in 5-year increments, what capability gaps will the Air Force have that must be filled? Development planning will also provide for development of the workforce skills needed to think strategically and to defectively define and close the capability gap. This report describes what development planning could be and should be for the Air Force. %0 Book %A National Research Council %E Talmage, Daniel %E Ali, Dionna %T Directed Evolution for Development and Production of Bioactive Agents: A Meeting Summary %@ 978-0-309-28629-9 %D 2013 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/18354/directed-evolution-for-development-and-production-of-bioactive-agents-a %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/18354/directed-evolution-for-development-and-production-of-bioactive-agents-a %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Conflict and Security Issues %P 27 %X In 2012, the Defense Intelligence Agency (DIA) approached the National Research Council and asked that a committee be formed to develop a list of workshop topics to explore the impact of emerging science and technology. One topic that came out of that list was directed evolution for development and production of bioactive agents. This workshop was held on February 21-22, 2013. Directed Evolution for Development and Production of Bioactive Agents explains the objectives of the workshop, which were to explore the potential use of directed evolution1 for military science and technology. Understanding the current research in this area, and the potential opportunities for U.S. adversaries to use this research, might allow the DIA to advise U.S. policy makers in an appropriate and timely manner. The workshop featured invited presentations and discussions that aimed to: -Inform the U.S. intelligence community of the current status of directed evolution technology and related research, and -Discuss possible approaches involving directed evolution that might be used by an adversary to develop toxic biological agents that could pose a threat to the United States or its allies, and how they could be identified. Members of the Committee on Science and Technology for Defense Warning planned the agenda for the workshop, selected the presenters, and helped moderate discussions in which meeting participants probed issues of national security related to directed evolution in an effort to gain an understanding of potential vulnerabilities. Experts were invited from the areas of directed evolution, biosynthesis, detection, and biological agents. %0 Book %A National Research Council %T Strategic Engagement in Global S&T: Opportunities for Defense Research %@ 978-0-309-30622-5 %D 2014 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/18816/strategic-engagement-in-global-st-opportunities-for-defense-research %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/18816/strategic-engagement-in-global-st-opportunities-for-defense-research %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Conflict and Security Issues %P 144 %X According to recent reports, the United States currently accounts for less than one-third of global research and development spending, and it is projected that this fraction will decline to 18% by 2050. These statistics, compounded by the recognition that the United States no longer maintains technological superiority across all research fields, highlight the need for the U.S. research community to stay abreast of emerging science and technology (S&T) around the world, to leverage others' investments, and to seek out collaborations in areas where researchers need to remain at the leading edge. The United States' Department of Defense (DoD) has long relied on its historical technological superiority to maintain military advantage. However, as the U.S. share of S&T output shrinks and as the U.S. defense research enterprise struggles to keep pace with the expanding challenges of the evolving security environment and the increased speed and cost of global technology development, the DoD must reexamine its strategy for maintaining awareness of emerging S&T developments occurring around the world. To fully leverage these advances and to make strategic research investments, the DoD must assess with whom and in which areas it should collaborate. To delve more deeply into the implications of the globalization of S&T and of international S&T engagement for the DoD, the Office of Naval Research, the Air Force Office of Scientific Research , and the Office of the Deputy Assistant Secretary of the Army for Research and Technology asked the National Research Council to assess current DoD strategies in the three Services - Army, Air Force, and Navy - for leveraging global S&T and for implementing and coordinating these strategies across the department. Strategic Engagement in Global S&T assesses the opportunities and challenges stemming from the globalization of S&T and the implications for the DoD and its Services. This report considers DoD strategies in the three Services for leveraging global S&T and implementation and coordination of these strategies across DoD. The report explores models for global Samp;T engagement utilized by other domestic and foreign organizations.Strategic Engagement in Global S&T assesses how the ongoing globalization of S&T may impact research funding and priorities and workforce needs, as well as issues of building and maintaining trusted relationships and avoiding technology surprises. This report will be of interest to researchers and industry professionals with expertise in the globalization of science and technology, international engagement, the defense research enterprise, program evaluation, and national security. %0 Book %A National Research Council %T Review of the Future of the U.S. Aerospace Infrastructure and Aerospace Engineering Disciplines to Meet the Needs of the Air Force and the Department of Defense %@ 978-0-309-07606-7 %D 2001 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/10201/review-of-the-future-of-the-us-aerospace-infrastructure-and-aerospace-engineering-disciplines-to-meet-the-needs-of-the-air-force-and-the-department-of-defense %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/10201/review-of-the-future-of-the-us-aerospace-infrastructure-and-aerospace-engineering-disciplines-to-meet-the-needs-of-the-air-force-and-the-department-of-defense %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Space and Aeronautics %K Conflict and Security Issues %P 66 %X The Principal Deputy to the Assistant Secretary of the Air Force for Acquisition requested that the National Research Council (NRC) review the Air Force's planned acquisition programs to determine if, given its scale, the highly talented scientific, technical, and engineering personnel base could be maintained, to identify issues affecting the engineering and science work force, and to identify issues affecting the aerospace industry's leadership in technology development, innovation, and product quality, as well as its ability to support Air Force missions. %0 Book %A National Research Council %T Review of Specialized Degree-Granting Graduate Programs of the Department of Defense in STEM and Management %@ 978-0-309-30339-2 %D 2014 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/18752/review-of-specialized-degree-granting-graduate-programs-of-the-department-of-defense-in-stem-and-management %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/18752/review-of-specialized-degree-granting-graduate-programs-of-the-department-of-defense-in-stem-and-management %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Education %P 162 %X The United States military is arguably the most intensely technological, complex enterprise in existence. When compared to the gross domestic products of other countries, the Department of Defense (DoD) budget ranks above all but about 20 nations. If viewed as a company, it would be the largest globally with the most employees. Major investments in weapons systems using advanced technologies provide an advantage over competing systems. Each weapon, platform, vehicle, and person in an operating force is a node in one or more advanced networks that provide the ability to rapidly form a coherent force from a large number of broadly distributed elements. DoD's ability to create and operate forces of this nature demands a competent understanding by its workforce of the composition, acquisition, and employment of its technology-enabled forces. Review of Specialized Degree-Granting Graduate Programs of the Department of Defense in STEM and Management focuses on the graduate science, technology, engineering, mathematics and management (STEM+M) education issues of the Air Force, Navy, and Marines. This report assesses the cost, benefits, and organizational placement of DoD institutions that grant degrees in STEM+M and evaluates alternative ways - for example, civilian institutions and distance learning - to ensure adequate numbers and high-quality education outcomes for DoD personnel. %0 Book %A National Research Council %T Achieving Effective Acquisition of Information Technology in the Department of Defense %@ 978-0-309-14828-3 %D 2010 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/12823/achieving-effective-acquisition-of-information-technology-in-the-department-of-defense %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/12823/achieving-effective-acquisition-of-information-technology-in-the-department-of-defense %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Conflict and Security Issues %K Engineering and Technology %P 164 %X In the military, information technology (IT) has enabled profound advances in weapons systems and the management and operation of the defense enterprise. A significant portion of the Department of Defense (DOD) budget is spent on capabilities acquired as commercial IT commodities, developmental IT systems that support a broad range of warfighting and functional applications, and IT components embedded in weapons systems. The ability of the DOD and its industrial partners to harness and apply IT for warfighting, command and control and communications, logistics, and transportation has contributed enormously to fielding the world's best defense force. However, despite the DOD's decades of success in leveraging IT across the defense enterprise, the acquisition of IT systems continues to be burdened with serious problems. To address these issues, the National Research Council assembled a group of IT systems acquisition and T&E experts, commercial software developers, software engineers, computer scientists and other academic researchers. The group evaluated applicable legislative requirements, examined the processes and capabilities of the commercial IT sector, analyzed DOD's concepts for systems engineering and testing in virtual environments, and examined the DOD acquisition environment. The present volume summarizes this analysis and also includes recommendations on how to improve the acquisition, systems engineering, and T&E processes to achieve the DOD's network-centric goals. %0 Book %A National Academy of Engineering %A National Research Council %T Report of a Workshop on Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) Workforce Needs for the U.S. Department of Defense and the U.S. Defense Industrial Base %@ 978-0-309-25180-8 %D 2012 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/13318/report-of-a-workshop-on-science-technology-engineering-and-mathematics-stem-workforce-needs-for-the-us-department-of-defense-and-the-us-defense-industrial-base %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/13318/report-of-a-workshop-on-science-technology-engineering-and-mathematics-stem-workforce-needs-for-the-us-department-of-defense-and-the-us-defense-industrial-base %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Engineering and Technology %K Industry and Labor %P 78 %X Report of a Workshop on Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) Workforce Needs for the U.S. Department of Defense and the U.S. Defense Industrial Base is the summary of a workshop held August 11, 2011, as part of an 18-month study of the issue. This book assesses the STEM capabilities that the Department of Defense (DOD) needs in order to meet its goals, objectives, and priorities; to assess whether the current DOD workforce and strategy will meet those needs; and to identify and evaluate options and recommend strategies that the department could use to help meet its future STEM needs. %0 Book %A National Research Council %T Effectiveness of Air Force Science and Technology Program Changes %@ 978-0-309-08895-4 %D 2003 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/10720/effectiveness-of-air-force-science-and-technology-program-changes %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/10720/effectiveness-of-air-force-science-and-technology-program-changes %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Engineering and Technology %K Space and Aeronautics %P 78 %X Under mandate of Section 253, Study and Report on Effectiveness of Air Force Science and Technology Program Changes, of the Fiscal Year 2002 National Defense Authorization Act, the U.S. Air Force contracted with the National Research Council (NRC) to conduct the present study. In response, the NRC established the Committee on Review of the Effectiveness of Air Force Science and Technology Program Changes—composed of academics, active and retired industry executives, former Air Force and Department of Defense (DoD) civilian executives, and retired general officers with acquisition and science and technology (S&T) backgrounds. The committee was to review the effectiveness of the Air Force S&T program and, in particular, the actions that the Air Force has taken to improve the management of the program in recent years in response to concerns voiced in numerous study reports and by Congress. The committee's principal charter was to assess whether, as a whole, the changes put in place by the Air Force since 1999 are sufficient to assure that adequate technology will be available to ensure U.S. military superiority. The committee conducted four open meetings to collect information from the Air Force and its Scientific Advisory Board (SAB), the U.S Navy, the U.S. Army, and DoD. A great many factors influence any judgment of the S&T program's sufficiency in supporting future warfighter needs; these factors include threat assessment, budget constraints, technology opportunities, workforce, and program content. Given the relatively short time available for this study and considering the detailed reviews conducted annually by the SAB, the technical content of the S&T program was necessarily beyond the committee's purview. Rather, the committee focused on S&T management, including areas that have been studied many times, in depth, by previous advisory groups. Besides addressing technical content, those prior studies and congressional concerns highlighted four overarching S&T issues: advocacy and visibility, planning, workforce, and investment levels. In response, the Air Force instituted changes in S&T management. The NRC is requested to conduct a study to determine how changes to the Air Force science and technology program implemented during the past two years affect the future capabilities of the Air Force. Effectiveness of Air Force Science and Technology Program Changes reviews and assess whether such changes as a whole are sufficient to ensure the following: A. That concerns about the management of the science and technology program that have been raised by the Congress, the Defense Science Board, the Air Force Scientific Advisory Board, and the Air Force Association have been adequately addressed. B. That appropriate and sufficient technology is available to ensure the military superiority of the United States and counter future high-risk threats. C. That the science and technology investments are balanced to meet near-, mid-, and long-term needs of the Air Force. D. That the Air Force organizational structure provides for a sufficiently senior level advocate of science and technology to ensure an ongoing, effective presence of the science and technology community during the budget and planning process. This report also assess the specific changes to the Air Force science and technology program as whether the biannual science and technology summits provide sufficient visibility into, and understanding and appreciation of, the value of the science and technology program to the senior level of Air Force budget and policy decision makers.