TY - BOOK AU - National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine A2 - Heather Kreidler TI - Assisted Resettlement and Community Viability on Louisiana's Gulf Coast: Proceedings of a Workshop SN - DO - 10.17226/26774 PY - 2023 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/26774/assisted-resettlement-and-community-viability-on-louisianas-gulf-coast-proceedings PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Behavioral and Social Sciences AB - In 2021, the Gulf Research Program of the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine sponsored a two-year consensus study, Managed Retreat in the U.S. Gulf Coast Region, to examine and make findings and recommendations regarding the unique challenges associated with managed retreat among vulnerable coastal communities in the region. To gather information for the consensus report, the authoring committee convened a series of three public workshops in the Gulf Coast region. The workshops, held in June and July of 2022, focused on policy and practice considerations, research and data needs, and community engagement strategies. This publication summarizes the presentations and discussions of the workshops. ER - TY - BOOK AU - National Research Council TI - Tsunami Warning and Preparedness: An Assessment of the U.S. Tsunami Program and the Nation's Preparedness Efforts SN - DO - 10.17226/12628 PY - 2011 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/12628/tsunami-warning-and-preparedness-an-assessment-of-the-us-tsunami PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Earth Sciences KW - Conflict and Security Issues AB - Many coastal areas of the United States are at risk for tsunamis. After the catastrophic 2004 tsunami in the Indian Ocean, legislation was passed to expand U.S. tsunami warning capabilities. Since then, the nation has made progress in several related areas on both the federal and state levels. At the federal level, NOAA has improved the ability to detect and forecast tsunamis by expanding the sensor network. Other federal and state activities to increase tsunami safety include: improvements to tsunami hazard and evacuation maps for many coastal communities; vulnerability assessments of some coastal populations in several states; and new efforts to increase public awareness of the hazard and how to respond. Tsunami Warning and Preparedness explores the advances made in tsunami detection and preparedness, and identifies the challenges that still remain. The book describes areas of research and development that would improve tsunami education, preparation, and detection, especially with tsunamis that arrive less than an hour after the triggering event. It asserts that seamless coordination between the two Tsunami Warning Centers and clear communications to local officials and the public could create a timely and effective response to coastal communities facing a pending tsuanami. According to Tsunami Warning and Preparedness, minimizing future losses to the nation from tsunamis requires persistent progress across the broad spectrum of efforts including: risk assessment, public education, government coordination, detection and forecasting, and warning-center operations. The book also suggests designing effective interagency exercises, using professional emergency-management standards to prepare communities, and prioritizing funding based on tsunami risk. ER - TY - BOOK AU - National Research Council TI - Reducing Coastal Risk on the East and Gulf Coasts SN - DO - 10.17226/18811 PY - 2014 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/18811/reducing-coastal-risk-on-the-east-and-gulf-coasts PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Earth Sciences AB - Hurricane- and coastal-storm-related losses have increased substantially during the past century, largely due to increases in population and development in the most susceptible coastal areas. Climate change poses additional threats to coastal communities from sea level rise and possible increases in strength of the largest hurricanes. Several large cities in the United States have extensive assets at risk to coastal storms, along with countless smaller cities and developed areas. The devastation from Superstorm Sandy has heightened the nation's awareness of these vulnerabilities. What can we do to better prepare for and respond to the increasing risks of loss? Reducing Coastal Risk on the East and Gulf Coasts reviews the coastal risk-reduction strategies and levels of protection that have been used along the United States East and Gulf Coasts to reduce the impacts of coastal flooding associated with storm surges. This report evaluates their effectiveness in terms of economic return, protection of life safety, and minimization of environmental effects. According to this report, the vast majority of the funding for coastal risk-related issues is provided only after a disaster occurs. This report calls for the development of a national vision for coastal risk management that includes a long-term view, regional solutions, and recognition of the full array of economic, social, environmental, and life-safety benefits that come from risk reduction efforts. To support this vision, Reducing Coastal Risk states that a national coastal risk assessment is needed to identify those areas with the greatest risks that are high priorities for risk reduction efforts. The report discusses the implications of expanding the extent and levels of coastal storm surge protection in terms of operation and maintenance costs and the availability of resources. Reducing Coastal Risk recommends that benefit-cost analysis, constrained by acceptable risk criteria and other important environmental and social factors, be used as a framework for evaluating national investments in coastal risk reduction. The recommendations of this report will assist engineers, planners and policy makers at national, regional, state, and local levels to move from a nation that is primarily reactive to coastal disasters to one that invests wisely in coastal risk reduction and builds resilience among coastal communities. ER - TY - BOOK AU - National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine TI - The Gulf Research Program Annual Report 2015 DO - 10.17226/23643 PY - 2016 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/23643/the-gulf-research-program-annual-report-2015 PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Environment and Environmental Studies AB - Each year, the Gulf Research Program produces an annual report to summarize how funds were used. These reports review accomplishments, highlight activities, and, over time, will assess metrics to determine how the program is progressing in accomplishing its goals. The 2015 annual report is the second report in this series. The Gulf Research Program is an independent, science-based program founded in 2013. Through grants, fellowships, and other activities, it seeks to enhance oil system safety and the protection of human health and the environment in the Gulf of Mexico region and other areas along the U.S. outer continental shelf with offshore oil and gas operations. This report captures key developments and successes in 2015, as the Gulf Research Program began to implement its strategic vision and conducted its first funding competitions, investing more than $6.5 million in institutions and people in the Gulf region and beyond. It also introduces four initiatives that characterize the program’s main areas of interest. These initiatives will guide the development of a portfolio of grants, fellowships, and other activities with cumulative and lasting impact. ER - TY - BOOK AU - National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine TI - The Gulf Research Program Annual Report 2017 DO - 10.17226/25223 PY - 2018 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/25223/the-gulf-research-program-annual-report-2017 PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Environment and Environmental Studies AB - Each year, the Gulf Research Program (GRP) produces an annual report to summarize how funds were used. These reports review accomplishments, highlight activities, and, over time, will assess metrics to determine how the program is progressing in accomplishing its goals. The 2017 annual report is the fourth report in this series. The GRP is an independent, science-based program founded in 2013. Through grants, fellowships, and other activities, it seeks to enhance oil system safety and the protection of human health and the environment in the Gulf of Mexico region and other areas along the U.S. outer continental shelf with offshore oil and gas operations. This report captures key developments and successes in 2017. The GRP continues to build on its past work and seeks to learn, think about, and plan for how and where it can have the greatest cumulative and lasting impacts. ER - TY - BOOK TI - PY - UR - PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English ER - TY - BOOK AU - National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine TI - Global Change Research Needs and Opportunities for 2022-2031 SN - DO - 10.17226/26055 PY - 2021 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/26055/global-change-research-needs-and-opportunities-for-2022-2031 PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Behavioral and Social Sciences KW - Environment and Environmental Studies AB - The US Global Change Research Program (USGCRP) is a collection of 13 Federal entities charged by law to assist the United States and the world to understand, assess, predict, and respond to human-induced and natural processes of global change. Global Change Research Needs and Opportunities for 2022-2031 advises the USGCRP on how best to meet its mandate in light of climate change impacts happening today and projected into the future. This report identifies critical climate change risks, research needed to support decision-making relevant to managing these risks, and opportunities for the USGCRP's participating agencies and other partners to advance these research priorities over the next decade. ER - TY - BOOK AU - National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine TI - The Gulf Research Program Annual Report 2016 DO - 10.17226/24885 PY - 2017 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/24885/the-gulf-research-program-annual-report-2016 PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Environment and Environmental Studies AB - Each year, the Gulf Research Program (GRP) produces an annual report to summarize how funds were used. These reports review accomplishments, highlight activities, and, over time, will assess metrics to determine how the program is progressing in accomplishing its goals. The 2016 annual report is the third report in this series. The GRP is an independent, science-based program founded in 2013. Through grants, fellowships, and other activities, it seeks to enhance oil system safety and the protection of human health and the environment in the Gulf of Mexico region and other areas along the U.S. outer continental shelf with offshore oil and gas operations. This report captures key developments and successes in 2016, as the GRP ramped up its grant offerings with five competitions for five different grant types: exploratory, synthesis, capacity building, research-practice, and research and development. The GRP continues to build on its past work and seeks to learn, think about, and plan for how and where it can have the greatest cumulative and lasting impacts. ER - TY - BOOK AU - National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine TI - The Gulf Research Program Annual Report 2018 SN - DO - 10.17226/25459 PY - 2019 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/25459/the-gulf-research-program-annual-report-2018 PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Environment and Environmental Studies AB - Each year, the Gulf Research Program (GRP) produces an annual report to summarize how funds were used. These reports review accomplishments, highlight activities, and, over time, will assess metrics to determine how the program is progressing in accomplishing its goals. The 2018 annual report is the fifth report in this series. The GRP is an independent, science-based program founded in 2013. Through grants, fellowships, and other activities, it seeks to enhance oil system safety and the protection of human health and the environment in the Gulf of Mexico region and other areas along the U.S. outer continental shelf with offshore oil and gas operations. This report captures key developments and successes in 2018. The GRP continues to build on its past work and seeks to learn, think about, and plan for how and where it can have the greatest cumulative and lasting impacts. ER - TY - BOOK AU - National Research Council TI - Opportunities to Improve Marine Forecasting SN - DO - 10.17226/1410 PY - 1989 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/1410/opportunities-to-improve-marine-forecasting PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Earth Sciences AB - Commerce and the general public—especially those living in increasingly crowded, highly developed low-lying coastal communities—rely heavily on accurate forecasts of marine conditions and weather over the oceans to ensure the safe and productive use of the sea and coastal zone. This book examines the opportunities to improve our ocean forecasting systems made possible by new observational techniques and high-speed computers. Significant benefits from these potential improvements are possible for transportation, ocean energy and resources development, fisheries and recreation, and coastal management. ER - TY - BOOK AU - National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine TI - Gulf Research Program Annual Report 2021 DO - 10.17226/27171 PY - 2023 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/27171/gulf-research-program-annual-report-2021 PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Environment and Environmental Studies AB - Each year, the Gulf Research Program (GRP) produces an annual report to summarize how funds were used. These reports review accomplishments, highlight activities, and, over time, will assess metrics to determine how the program is progressing in accomplishing its goals. The 2021 annual report is the eighth report in this series. The GRP is an independent, science-based program founded in 2013. Through grants, fellowships, and other activities, it seeks to enhance oil system safety and the protection of human health and the environment in the Gulf of Mexico region and other areas along the U.S. outer continental shelf with offshore oil and gas operations. ER - TY - BOOK TI - Challenges in Ocean Policy DO - 10.17226/10074 PY - 2001 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/10074/challenges-in-ocean-policy PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Earth Sciences AB - Challenges in Ocean Policy summarizes the main messages of recent reports from the Ocean Studies Board, calling attention to two significant ocean issues — nutrient pollution and sustainable fisheries — that are likely to require high-level attention and policy decisions during the coming four years. ER - TY - BOOK AU - National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine TI - Cross-Cutting Themes for U.S. Contributions to the UN Ocean Decade SN - DO - 10.17226/26363 PY - 2022 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/26363/cross-cutting-themes-for-us-contributions-to-the-un-ocean-decade PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Earth Sciences AB - The ocean is central to the health of the planet and the well-being of human societies, but ongoing depletion, disruption, and pollution threaten its future. The United Nations proclaimed 2021-2030 the Decade of Ocean Science for Sustainable Development (UN Ocean Decade) in recognition of the need to sustainably manage the Ocean. U.S. participation in the Decade, guided by the U.S. National Committee, included a call for "Ocean-Shots" - ambitious, transformational research concepts that draw from multiple disciplines. More than 100 Ocean-Shots were submitted. Conducted at the request of the White House Office of Science and Technology Policy and sponsored by NASA, this report identifies exciting themes from the Ocean-Shots that will galvanize action and inspire transformative, cross-disciplinary, and multi-generational participation in the Decade. Two foundational themes undergird how to go about science: An Inclusive and Equitable Ocean calls for the involvement of a diverse and representative ocean community, and An Ocean of Data recognizes the shift toward open access for data that is collected. Four topical themes - The Ocean Revealed, The Restored and Sustainable Ocean, Ocean Solutions for Climate Resilience, and Healthy Urban Sea - represent promising areas for research investments that are consistent both with the UN Ocean Decade Outcomes and U.S. ocean priorities. ER - TY - BOOK TI - Sea Level Rise and Coastal Disasters: Summary of a Forum, October 25, 2001, Washington DC DO - 10.17226/10590 PY - 2002 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/10590/sea-level-rise-and-coastal-disasters-summary-of-a-forum PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Earth Sciences ER - TY - BOOK TI - Beach Nourishment and Protection SN - DO - 10.17226/4984 PY - 1995 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/4984/beach-nourishment-and-protection PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Earth Sciences AB - Many coastal communities have built structures at their beaches and added quantities of sand in contoured designs to combat erosion. Are such beach nourishment projects technically and economically sound? Or are they nothing more than building sand castles, as critics claim? Beach Nourishment and Protection provides a sound technical basis for decision-making, with recommendations regarding the utility of beach nourishment, the appropriate role of federal agencies, responsibility for cost, design methodology, and other issues. This volume: Examines the economic and social role of beaches, the history of beach nourishment projects, and management strategies for shore protection. Discusses the role of the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers and other federal agencies, with a close-up look at the federal flood insurance program. Explores the state of the art in project design and prediction of outcomes, including the controversy over the use of traditional and nontraditional shore protection devices. Addresses what is known about the environmental impacts of beach nourishment. Identifies what outcomes should be targeted for continued monitoring by project officials. Beach Nourishment and Protection provides insight into the technical, economic, environmental, and policy implications of beach nourishment and protection, with examples and suggested research directions. ER - TY - BOOK AU - National Research Council TI - Scientific Value of Arctic Sea Ice Imagery Derived Products SN - DO - 10.17226/12631 PY - 2009 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/12631/scientific-value-of-arctic-sea-ice-imagery-derived-products PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Earth Sciences AB - During the 1990s, a government program brought together environmental scientists and members of the intelligence community to consider how classified assets and data could be applied to further the understanding of environmental change. As part of the Medea program, collection of overhead classified imagery of sea ice at four sites around the Arctic basin was initiated in 1999, and two additional sites were added in 2005. Collection of images during the summer months at these six locations has continued until the present day. Several hundred unclassified images with a nominal resolution of 1 meter have been derived from the classified images collected at the 6 Arctic sites. To assist in the process of making the unclassified derived imagery more widely useful, the National Research Council reviewed the derived images and considered their potential uses for scientific research. In this book, we explore the importance of sea ice in the Arctic and illustrate the types of information--often unique in its detail--that the derived images could contribute to the scientific discussion. ER - TY - BOOK AU - National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine A2 - Danielle Goldsmith A2 - Berna Oztekin-Gunaydin A2 - Negin Sobhani A2 - Paula Whitacre TI - Benefits, Applications, and Opportunities of Natural Infrastructure: Proceedings of a Workshop—in Brief DO - 10.17226/26660 PY - 2022 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/26660/benefits-applications-and-opportunities-of-natural-infrastructure-proceedings-of-a PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Environment and Environmental Studies KW - Engineering and Technology KW - Policy for Science and Technology AB - Natural infrastructure is the practice of using naturally occurring aspects of the landscape and/or nature based solutions that use or imitate natural processes (e.g., wetlands, living shorelines, municipal green infrastructure) to support natural hazard resilience, climate change adaptation, and other benefits to people and ecosystems. Recognition of the multiple benefits of natural "green" infrastructure has increased over the past several decades, used alone or in combination with built "gray" infrastructure solutions, such as seawalls and levees. Yet many potential opportunities remain untapped. On May 10-11, 2022, the Resilient America program at the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine convened a workshop to explore opportunities to link the benefits of natural infrastructure across geographic scales and multiple objectives. Sponsored by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers and hosted by the Institute for Resilient Infrastructure Systems at the University of Georgia, the hybrid workshop was targeted to the engineering community, as well as scientists, policy makers, planners, and others involved with designing, developing, and funding natural infrastructure. This publication highlights the presentation and discussion of the workshop. ER - TY - BOOK A2 - LeighAnne Olsen A2 - Steve Olson TI - Opportunities for the Gulf Research Program: Community Resilience and Health: Summary of a Workshop SN - DO - 10.17226/21691 PY - 2015 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/21691/opportunities-for-the-gulf-research-program-community-resilience-and-health PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Conflict and Security Issues KW - Environment and Environmental Studies AB - There are many connections between human communities and their surrounding environments that influence community resilience and health in the Gulf of Mexico. The impacts of the Deepwater Horizon oil spill on Gulf communities and ecosystems - coupled with the region's preexisting health challenges and environmental stressors - illustrate the need to better understand these connections. In the future, natural and man-made disasters, climate change impacts, and other environmental stressors will present complex challenges to the physical, mental, and social well-being of communities in the Gulf. Understanding the interrelationships among health, ecological, and economic impacts of disasters and other environmental stressors will be crucial to addressing these challenges. Opportunities for the Gulf Research Program: Community Resilience and Health summarizes a Gulf Research Program workshop held on September 22-23, 2014, in New Orleans, Louisiana. The workshop examined opportunities to improve the health, well-being, and resilience of communities in the Gulf region through discussions with about 50 participants with diverse expertise and experience. These discussions identified perceived needs, challenges, and opportunities that align with the Gulf Research Program's mission and goals - particularly its goal to improve understanding of the connections between human health and the environment to support the development of health and resilient Gulf communities. This workshop is expected to lead to the development of additional Program activities and opportunities for the research community. ER - TY - BOOK AU - Institute of Medicine A2 - Rose Marie Martinez A2 - Erin Rusch TI - Understanding the Connections Between Coastal Waters and Ocean Ecosystem Services and Human Health: Workshop Summary SN - DO - 10.17226/18552 PY - 2014 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/18552/understanding-the-connections-between-coastal-waters-and-ocean-ecosystem-services-and-human-health PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Health and Medicine AB - Understanding the Connections Between Coastal Waters and Ocean Ecosystem Services and Human Health discusses the connection of ecosystem services and human health. This report looks at the state of the science of the role of oceans in ensuring human health and identifies gaps and opportunities for future research. The report summarizes a workshop convened by the Institute of Medicine's Roundtable on Environmental Health Sciences, Research, and Medicine. Participants discussed coastal waters and ocean ecosystem services in the United States in an effort to understand impacts on human health. Understanding the Connections Between Coastal Waters and Ocean Ecosystem Services and Human Health focuses on key linkages by discussing the ecosystem services provided by coastal waterways and oceans that are essential for human health and well-being; examining the major stressors that affect the ability of coastal waterways and ocean systems to provide essential services; and considering key factors that can enhance the resiliency of these systems. ER - TY - BOOK AU - National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine TI - Understanding the Long-Term Evolution of the Coupled Natural-Human Coastal System: The Future of the U.S. Gulf Coast SN - DO - 10.17226/25108 PY - 2018 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/25108/understanding-the-long-term-evolution-of-the-coupled-natural-human-coastal-system PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Earth Sciences KW - Environment and Environmental Studies AB - The U.S. Gulf Coast provides a valuable setting to study deeply connected natural and human interactions and feedbacks that have led to a complex, interconnected coastal system. The physical landscape in the region has changed significantly due to broad-scale, long-term processes such as coastal subsidence and river sediment deposition as well as short-term episodic events such as hurricanes. Modifications from human activities, including building levees and canals and constructing buildings and roads, have left their own imprint on the natural landscape. This coupled natural-human coastal system and the individual aspects within it (physical, ecological, and human) are under increased pressure from accelerating environmental stressors such as sea level rise, intensifying hurricanes, and continued population increase with its accompanying coastal development. Promoting the resilience and maintaining the habitability of the Gulf Coast into the future will need improved understanding of the coupled natural-human coastal system, as well as effective sharing of this understanding in support of decision-making and policies. Understanding the Long-term Evolution of the Coupled Natural-Human Coastal System presents a research agenda meant to enable a better understanding of the multiple and interconnected factors that influence long-term processes along the Gulf Coast. This report identifies scientific and technical gaps in understanding the interactions and feedbacks between human and natural processes, defines essential components of a research and development program in response to the identified gaps, and develops priorities for critical areas of research. ER -