%0 Book %A National Research Council %T Strategic Planning for the Florida Citrus Industry: Addressing Citrus Greening Disease %@ 978-0-309-15207-5 %D 2010 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/12880/strategic-planning-for-the-florida-citrus-industry-addressing-citrus-greening %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/12880/strategic-planning-for-the-florida-citrus-industry-addressing-citrus-greening %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Agriculture %P 328 %X Citrus greening, a disease that reduces yield, compromises the flavor, color, and size of citrus fruit and eventually kills the citrus tree, is now present in all 34 Floridian citrus-producing counties. Caused by an insect-spread bacterial infection, the disease reduced citrus production in 2008 by several percent and continues to spread, threatening the existence of Florida's $9.3 billion citrus industry. A successful citrus greening response will focus on earlier detection of diseased trees, so that these sources of new infections can be removed more quickly, and on new methods to control the insects that carry the bacteria. In the longerterm, technologies such as genomics could be used to develop new citrus strains that are resistant to both the bacteria and the insect. %0 Book %A National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine %T A Review of the Citrus Greening Research and Development Efforts Supported by the Citrus Research and Development Foundation: Fighting a Ravaging Disease %@ 978-0-309-47214-2 %D 2018 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/25026/a-review-of-the-citrus-greening-research-and-development-efforts-supported-by-the-citrus-research-and-development-foundation %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/25026/a-review-of-the-citrus-greening-research-and-development-efforts-supported-by-the-citrus-research-and-development-foundation %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Agriculture %P 288 %X Huanglongbing (HLB) or citrus greening, first observed more than a hundred years ago in Asia, is the most serious disease threat to the citrus-growing industry worldwide due to its complexity, destructiveness, and incalcitrance to management. First detected in Florida in 2005, HLB is now widespread in the state and threatens the survival of the Florida citrus industry despite substantial allocation of research funds by Florida citrus growers and federal and state agencies. As the HLB epidemic raged in 2008, Florida citrus growers began allocating funds for HLB research in hopes of finding short-, medium-, and long-term solutions. This effort created the Citrus Research and Development Foundation (CRDF), an organization with oversight responsibility for HLB research and development efforts in Florida. This report provides an independent review of the portfolio of research projects that have been or continue to be supported by the CRDF. It seeks to identify ways to retool HLB research—which, despite significantly increasing understanding of the factors involved in HLB, has produced no major breakthroughs in controlling the disease—and accelerate the development of durable tools and strategies that could help abate the damage caused by HLB and prevent the possible collapse of the Florida citrus industry. %0 Book %A National Research Council %T Letter Report to the Florida Department of Citrus on the Review of Research Proposals on Citrus Greening, December, 2008 %D 2008 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/12563/letter-report-to-the-florida-department-of-citrus-on-the-review-of-research-proposals-on-citrus-greening-december-2008 %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/12563/letter-report-to-the-florida-department-of-citrus-on-the-review-of-research-proposals-on-citrus-greening-december-2008 %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Agriculture %P 22 %0 Book %A National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine %T Report to the California Department of Food and Agriculture Pierce's Disease/Glassy-Winged Sharpshooter Board on the Review of Research Proposals on Grapevine Virus Diseases and Their Vectors %D 2023 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/26915/report-to-the-california-department-of-food-and-agriculture-pierces-diseaseglassy-winged-sharpshooter-board-on-the-review-of-research-proposals-on-grapevine-virus-diseases-and-their-vectors %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/26915/report-to-the-california-department-of-food-and-agriculture-pierces-diseaseglassy-winged-sharpshooter-board-on-the-review-of-research-proposals-on-grapevine-virus-diseases-and-their-vectors %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Agriculture %P 17 %X Grapevine red blotch disease is a recently recognized disease of grapes that has been detected across some of the major grape-growing regions in the United States and poses a threat to the $162 billion U.S. grape industry. At the request of the state of California, this publication describes the work of the Committee on Assistance to the California Department of Food and Agriculture Pierces Disease/Glassy-Winged Sharpshooter Board on Grapevine Viruses and Grapevine Disease Research and transmits the final evaluation by the committee of the research proposals on grapevine virus diseases and their vectors. %0 Book %A National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine %T A Critique of the California Department of Food and Agriculture Pierce's Disease/Glassy-Winged Sharpshooter Board's Request for Proposals: Critique of RFP Letter Report %D 2023 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/27145/a-critique-of-the-california-department-of-food-and-agriculture-pierces-diseaseglassy-winged-sharpshooter-boards-request-for-proposals %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/27145/a-critique-of-the-california-department-of-food-and-agriculture-pierces-diseaseglassy-winged-sharpshooter-boards-request-for-proposals %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Agriculture %P 27 %X This letter describes the work of the Committee on Assistance to the California Department of Food and Agriculture Pierces Disease/Glassy-Winged Sharpshooter Board on Grapevine Viruses and Grapevine Disease Research and critiques the California Department of Food and Agriculture Pierces Disease/Glassy-Winged Sharpshooter Board Request for Proposals that was issued in December 2022. %0 Book %A National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine %E Mack, Alison %T Global Health Impacts of Vector-Borne Diseases: Workshop Summary %@ 978-0-309-37759-1 %D 2016 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/21792/global-health-impacts-of-vector-borne-diseases-workshop-summary %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/21792/global-health-impacts-of-vector-borne-diseases-workshop-summary %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Health and Medicine %P 396 %X Pathogens transmitted among humans, animals, or plants by insects and arthropod vectors have been responsible for significant morbidity and mortality throughout recorded history. Such vector-borne diseases – including malaria, dengue, yellow fever, and plague – together accounted for more human disease and death in the 17th through early 20th centuries than all other causes combined. Over the past three decades, previously controlled vector-borne diseases have resurged or reemerged in new geographic locations, and several newly identified pathogens and vectors have triggered disease outbreaks in plants and animals, including humans. Domestic and international capabilities to detect, identify, and effectively respond to vector-borne diseases are limited. Few vaccines have been developed against vector-borne pathogens. At the same time, drug resistance has developed in vector-borne pathogens while their vectors are increasingly resistant to insecticide controls. Furthermore, the ranks of scientists trained to conduct research in key fields including medical entomology, vector ecology, and tropical medicine have dwindled, threatening prospects for addressing vector-borne diseases now and in the future. In June 2007, as these circumstances became alarmingly apparent, the Forum on Microbial Threats hosted a workshop to explore the dynamic relationships among host, pathogen(s), vector(s), and ecosystems that characterize vector-borne diseases. Revisiting this topic in September 2014, the Forum organized a workshop to examine trends and patterns in the incidence and prevalence of vector-borne diseases in an increasingly interconnected and ecologically disturbed world, as well as recent developments to meet these dynamic threats. Participants examined the emergence and global movement of vector-borne diseases, research priorities for understanding their biology and ecology, and global preparedness for and progress toward their prevention, control, and mitigation. This report summarizes the presentations and discussions from the workshop. %0 Book %A National Research Council %T Spurring Innovation in Food and Agriculture: A Review of the USDA Agriculture and Food Research Initiative Program %@ 978-0-309-29956-5 %D 2014 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/18652/spurring-innovation-in-food-and-agriculture-a-review-of-the %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/18652/spurring-innovation-in-food-and-agriculture-a-review-of-the %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Agriculture %K Food and Nutrition %P 244 %X The United States embarked on bold polices to enhance its food and agricultural system during the last half of the 19th century, investing first in the education of people and soon thereafter in research and discovery programs aimed at acquiring new knowledge needed to address the complex challenges of feeding a growing and hungry nation. Those policies, sustained over 125 years, have produced the most productive and efficient agricultural and food system in history. The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) is the primary agency responsible for supporting innovations and advances in food and agriculture. USDA funds are allocated to support research through several mechanisms, including the Agriculture and Food Research Initiative (AFRI). In 2008, Congress replaced USDA's National Research Initiative with AFRI, creating USDA's flagship competitive research grants program, and the 2008 Food, Conservation, and Energy Act, known as the Farm Bill, outlined the structure of the new program. Spurring Innovation in Food and Agriculture assesses the effectiveness of AFRI in meeting the goals laid out by Congress and its success in advancing innovations and competitiveness in the U.S. food and agriculture system. Spurring Innovation in Food and Agriculture evaluates the value, relevance, quality, fairness, and flexibility of AFRI. This report also considers funding policies and mechanisms and identifies measures of the effectiveness and efficiency of AFRI's operation. The study examines AFRI's role in advancing science in relation to other research and grant programs inside of USDA as well as how complementary it is to other federal research and development programs. The findings and conclusions of this report will help AFRI improve its functions and effectiveness in meeting its goals and outcomes. %0 Book %A Institute of Medicine %E Lemon, Stanley M. %E Hamburg, Margaret A. %E Sparling, P. Frederick %E Choffnes, Eileen R. %E Mack, Alison %T Global Infectious Disease Surveillance and Detection: Assessing the Challenges–Finding Solutions: Workshop Summary %@ 978-0-309-11114-0 %D 2007 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/11996/global-infectious-disease-surveillance-and-detection-assessing-the-challenges-finding %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/11996/global-infectious-disease-surveillance-and-detection-assessing-the-challenges-finding %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Health and Medicine %K Conflict and Security Issues %P 284 %X Early detection is essential to the control of emerging, reemerging, and novel infectious diseases, whether naturally occurring or intentionally introduced. Containing the spread of such diseases in a profoundly interconnected world requires active vigilance for signs of an outbreak, rapid recognition of its presence, and diagnosis of its microbial cause, in addition to strategies and resources for an appropriate and efficient response. Although these actions are often viewed in terms of human public health, they also challenge the plant and animal health communities. Surveillance, defined as "the continual scrutiny of all aspects of occurrence and spread of a disease that are pertinent to effective control", involves the "systematic collection, analysis, interpretation, and dissemination of health data." Disease detection and diagnosis is the act of discovering a novel, emerging, or reemerging disease or disease event and identifying its cause. Diagnosis is "the cornerstone of effective disease control and prevention efforts, including surveillance." Disease surveillance and detection relies heavily on the astute individual: the clinician, veterinarian, plant pathologist, farmer, livestock manager, or agricultural extension agent who notices something unusual, atypical, or suspicious and brings this discovery in a timely way to the attention of an appropriate representative of human public health, veterinary medicine, or agriculture. Most developed countries have the ability to detect and diagnose human, animal, and plant diseases. Global Infectious Disease Surveillance and Detection: Assessing the Challenges—Finding Solutions, Workshop Summary is part of a 10 book series and summarizes the recommendations and presentations of the workshop.