%0 Book %A Institute of Medicine %A National Research Council %E Petersen, Anne C. %E Joseph, Joshua %E Feit, Monica %T New Directions in Child Abuse and Neglect Research %@ 978-0-309-28512-4 %D 2014 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/18331/new-directions-in-child-abuse-and-neglect-research %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/18331/new-directions-in-child-abuse-and-neglect-research %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Behavioral and Social Sciences %K Health and Medicine %P 442 %X Each year, child protective services receive reports of child abuse and neglect involving six million children, and many more go unreported. The long-term human and fiscal consequences of child abuse and neglect are not relegated to the victims themselves—they also impact their families, future relationships, and society. In 1993, the National Research Council (NRC) issued the report, Under-standing Child Abuse and Neglect, which provided an overview of the research on child abuse and neglect. New Directions in Child Abuse and Neglect Research updates the 1993 report and provides new recommendations to respond to this public health challenge. According to this report, while there has been great progress in child abuse and neglect research, a coordinated, national research infrastructure with high-level federal support needs to be established and implemented immediately. New Directions in Child Abuse and Neglect Research recommends an actionable framework to guide and support future child abuse and neglect research. This report calls for a comprehensive, multidisciplinary approach to child abuse and neglect research that examines factors related to both children and adults across physical, mental, and behavioral health domains—including those in child welfare, economic support, criminal justice, education, and health care systems—and assesses the needs of a variety of subpopulations. It should also clarify the causal pathways related to child abuse and neglect and, more importantly, assess efforts to interrupt these pathways. New Directions in Child Abuse and Neglect Research identifies four areas to look to in developing a coordinated research enterprise: a national strategic plan, a national surveillance system, a new generation of researchers, and changes in the federal and state programmatic and policy response. %0 Book %A National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine %E Duncan, Greg %E Le Menestrel, Suzanne %T A Roadmap to Reducing Child Poverty %@ 978-0-309-48398-8 %D 2019 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/25246/a-roadmap-to-reducing-child-poverty %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/25246/a-roadmap-to-reducing-child-poverty %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Behavioral and Social Sciences %P 618 %X The strengths and abilities children develop from infancy through adolescence are crucial for their physical, emotional, and cognitive growth, which in turn help them to achieve success in school and to become responsible, economically self-sufficient, and healthy adults. Capable, responsible, and healthy adults are clearly the foundation of a well-functioning and prosperous society, yet America's future is not as secure as it could be because millions of American children live in families with incomes below the poverty line. A wealth of evidence suggests that a lack of adequate economic resources for families with children compromises these children's ability to grow and achieve adult success, hurting them and the broader society. A Roadmap to Reducing Child Poverty reviews the research on linkages between child poverty and child well-being, and analyzes the poverty-reducing effects of major assistance programs directed at children and families. This report also provides policy and program recommendations for reducing the number of children living in poverty in the United States by half within 10 years. %0 Book %A National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine %E Alexander, Charlee %T Reaching and Investing in Children at the Margins: Summary of a Joint Workshop by the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine; Open Society Foundations; and the International Step by Step Association (ISSA) %@ 978-0-309-44101-8 %D 2016 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/23491/reaching-and-investing-in-children-at-the-margins-summary-of %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/23491/reaching-and-investing-in-children-at-the-margins-summary-of %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Health and Medicine %K Behavioral and Social Sciences %P 122 %X The United Nations Sustainable Development Goals for 2015-2030 strive for a world that is "just, equitable, and inclusive," in which everyone receives care, education, and opportunities to thrive. Yet many children are living on the margins of society, face multiple disadvantages, and are excluded from full participation in all that life has to offer. To examine the science, economics, and politics of investing in the health, education, nutrition, and social protection of children at the margins, the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine held a workshop in Prague, Czech Republic in November 2015. Held in partnership with the Open Society Foundations and the International Step by Step Association, the workshop convened a diverse group of stakeholders from around the world for 2 days of discussion. This report summarizes the presentations and discussions from the workshop. %0 Book %A National Research Council %A Institute of Medicine %E Smolensky, Eugene %E Gootman, Jennifer Appleton %T Working Families and Growing Kids: Caring for Children and Adolescents %@ 978-0-309-08703-2 %D 2003 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/10669/working-families-and-growing-kids-caring-for-children-and-adolescents %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/10669/working-families-and-growing-kids-caring-for-children-and-adolescents %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Behavioral and Social Sciences %P 366 %X An informative mix of data and discussion, this book presents conclusions and recommendations for policies that can respond to the new conditions shaping America's working families. Among the family and work trends reviewed: Growing population of mothers with young children in the workforce. Increasing reliance of nonparental child care. Growing challenges of families on welfare. Increased understanding of child and adolescent development. Included in this comprehensive review of the research and data on family leave, child care, and income support issues are: the effects of early child care and school age child care on child development, the impacts of family work policies on child and adolescent well-being and family functioning, the impacts of family work policies on child and adolescent well-being and family functioning the changes to federal and state welfare policy, the emergence of a 24/7 economy, the utilization of paid family leave, and an examination of the ways parental employment affects children as they make their way through childhood and adolescence. The book also evaluates the support systems available to working families, including family and medical leave, child care options, and tax policies. The committee's conclusions and recommendations will be of interest to anyone concerned with issues affecting the working American family, especially policy makers, program administrators, social scientists, journalist, private and public sector leaders, and family advocates. %0 Book %T America's Fathers and Public Policy: Report of a Workshop %D 1994 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/9193/americas-fathers-and-public-policy-report-of-a-workshop %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/9193/americas-fathers-and-public-policy-report-of-a-workshop %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Behavioral and Social Sciences %P 60 %0 Book %E Haaga, John %E Moffitt, Robert A. %T Welfare, the Family, and Reproductive Behavior: Report of a Meeting %@ 978-0-309-06025-7 %D 1998 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/6001/welfare-the-family-and-reproductive-behavior-report-of-a-meeting %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/6001/welfare-the-family-and-reproductive-behavior-report-of-a-meeting %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Behavioral and Social Sciences %P 36 %X The design of welfare programs in an era of reform and devolution to the states must take into account the likely effects of programs on demographic behavior. In the past, most research on welfare has examined labor market issues, although there have also been some important evaluations of the effects of Aid to Families with Dependent Children on out-of-wedlock childbearing. Much less information is available on other issues equally central to the debate, including effects on abortion decisions, marriage and divorce, intrafamily relations, household formation, and living arrangements. This book of papers contains reviews and syntheses of existing evidence bearing on the demographic impacts of welfare and ideas for how to evaluate new state-level reforms. %0 Book %A National Research Council %E Moffitt, Robert A. %E Ploeg, Michele Ver %T Evaluating Welfare Reform: A Framework and Review of Current Work, Interim Report %@ 978-0-309-06649-5 %D 1999 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/9672/evaluating-welfare-reform-a-framework-and-review-of-current-work %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/9672/evaluating-welfare-reform-a-framework-and-review-of-current-work %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Behavioral and Social Sciences %P 160 %X The Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act (PRWORA) of 1996 fundamentally changed the nation's social welfare system, replacing a federal entitlement program for low-income families, called Aid to Families with Dependent Children (AFDC), with state-administered block grants, the Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF) program. PRWORA furthered a trend started earlier in the decade under so called "waiver" programs-state experiments with different types of AFDC rules-toward devolution of design and control of social welfare programs from the federal government to the states. The legislation imposed several new, major requirements on state use of federal welfare funds but otherwise freed states to reconfigure their programs as they want. The underlying goal of the legislation is to decrease dependence on welfare and increase the self-sufficiency of poor families in the United States. In summer 1998, the Office of the Assistant Secretary for Planning and Evaluation (ASPE) of the Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS) asked the Committee on National Statistics of the National Research Council to convene a Panel on Data and Methods for Measuring the Effects of Changes in Social Welfare Programs. The panel's overall charge is to study and make recommendations on the best strategies for evaluating the effects of PRWORA and other welfare reforms and to make recommendations on data needs for conducting useful evaluations. This interim report presents the panel's initial conclusions and recommendations. Given the short length of time the panel has been in existence, this report necessarily treats many issues in much less depth than they will be treated in the final report. The report has an immediate short-run goal of providing DHHS-ASPE with recommendations regarding some of its current projects, particularly those recently funded to study "welfare leavers"-former welfare recipients who have left the welfare rolls as part of the recent decline in welfare caseloads. %0 Book %A National Research Council %T Urban Change and Poverty %@ 978-0-309-07877-1 %D 1988 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/1096/urban-change-and-poverty %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/1096/urban-change-and-poverty %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Industry and Labor %P 392 %X This up-to-date review of the critical issues confronting cities and individuals examines the policy implications of the difficult problems that will affect the future of urban America. Among the topics covered are the income, opportunities, and quality of life of urban residents; family structure, poverty, and the underclass; the redistribution of people and jobs in urban areas; urban economic growth patterns; fiscal conditions in large cities; and essays on governance and the deteriorating state of cities' aging infrastructures. %0 Book %A National Research Council %E Citro, Constance F. %E Manski, Charles F. %E Pepper, John %T Providing National Statistics on Health and Social Welfare Programs in an Era of Change: Summary of a Workshop %@ 978-0-309-06040-0 %D 1998 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/6097/providing-national-statistics-on-health-and-social-welfare-programs-in-an-era-of-change %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/6097/providing-national-statistics-on-health-and-social-welfare-programs-in-an-era-of-change %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Behavioral and Social Sciences %K Industry and Labor %P 72 %0 Book %T New Findings on Children, Families, and Economic Self-Sufficiency: Summary of a Research Briefing %D 1995 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/9029/new-findings-on-children-families-and-economic-self-sufficiency-summary %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/9029/new-findings-on-children-families-and-economic-self-sufficiency-summary %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Behavioral and Social Sciences %P 33 %0 Book %A National Research Council %E Ploeg, Michele Ver %E Betson, David M. %T Estimating Eligibility and Participation for the WIC Program: Phase I Report %@ 978-0-309-07590-9 %D 2001 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/10158/estimating-eligibility-and-participation-for-the-wic-program-phase-i %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/10158/estimating-eligibility-and-participation-for-the-wic-program-phase-i %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Food and Nutrition %P 98 %X Each year the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) must estimate the number of people who are eligible to participate in the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC). These USDA estimates have come under critical scrutiny in part because the number of infants and postpartum women who have actually enrolled in the program has exceeded the number estimated to be eligible by as much as 20 to 30 percent. These high "coverage rates" have led some members of Congress to conclude that some people who participate are truly ineligible, and that funding could be reduced somewhat and still meet the needs of truly eligible persons who wish to participate. But some advocates and state WIC agencies believe that the estimates of the number of eligible persons are too low and more people who are eligible and want to participate could do so.In response to these concerns, the Food and Nutrition Service (FNS) of the USDA asked the Committee on National Statistics of the National Research Council to convene a panel of experts to review the methods used to estimate the number of people nationwide who are eligible and likely to participate in the WIC program. The panel's charge is to review currently used and alternative data and methods for estimating income eligibility, adjunctive eligibility from participation in other public assistance programs, nutritional risk, and participation if the program is fully funded. %0 Book %A National Research Council %E Moffitt, Robert A. %T Welfare, the Family, and Reproductive Behavior: Research Perspectives %@ 978-0-309-06125-4 %D 1998 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/6133/welfare-the-family-and-reproductive-behavior-research-perspectives %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/6133/welfare-the-family-and-reproductive-behavior-research-perspectives %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Behavioral and Social Sciences %P 216 %X The design of welfare programs in an era of reform and devolution to the states must take into account the likely effects of programs on demographic behavior. Most research on welfare in the past has examined labor market issues, although there have also been some important evaluations of the effects of the Aid to Families with Dependent Children Program on out-of-wedlock childbearing. Much less information is available on other issues equally central to the debate, including effects on abortion decisions, marriage and divorce, intrafamily relations, household formation, and living arrangements. This volume of papers contains reviews and syntheses of existing evidence bearing on the demographic impacts of welfare and ideas for how to evaluate new state-level reforms. %0 Book %A National Research Council %E Moffitt, Robert A. %E Ploeg, Michele Ver %T Evaluating Welfare Reform in an Era of Transition %@ 978-0-309-07274-8 %D 2001 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/10020/evaluating-welfare-reform-in-an-era-of-transition %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/10020/evaluating-welfare-reform-in-an-era-of-transition %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Behavioral and Social Sciences %P 267 %X Reform of welfare is one of the nation's most contentious issues, with debate often driven more by politics than by facts and careful analysis. Evaluating Welfare Reform in an Era of Transition identifies the key policy questions for measuring whether our changing social welfare programs are working, reviews the available studies and research, and recommends the most effective ways to answer those questions. This book discusses the development of welfare policy, including the landmark 1996 federal law that devolved most of the responsibility for welfare policies and their implementation to the states. A thorough analysis of the available research leads to the identification of gaps in what is currently known about the effects of welfare reform. Evaluating Welfare Reform in an Era of Transition specifies what-and why-we need to know about the response of individual states to the federal overhaul of welfare and the effects of the many changes in the nation's welfare laws, policies, and practices. With a clear approach to a variety of issues, Evaluating Welfare Reform in an Era of Transition will be important to policy makers, welfare administrators, researchers, journalists, and advocates on all sides of the issue. %0 Book %T Data and Methodological Issues for Tracking Former Welfare Recipients: A Workshop Summary %D 1999 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/9696/data-and-methodological-issues-for-tracking-former-welfare-recipients-a %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/9696/data-and-methodological-issues-for-tracking-former-welfare-recipients-a %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Behavioral and Social Sciences %P 28 %0 Book %E Hayes, Cheryl D. %T Risking the Future: Adolescent Sexuality, Pregnancy, and Childbearing %@ 978-0-309-03698-6 %D 1987 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/948/risking-the-future-adolescent-sexuality-pregnancy-and-childbearing %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/948/risking-the-future-adolescent-sexuality-pregnancy-and-childbearing %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Behavioral and Social Sciences %P 352 %X More than 1 million teenage girls in the United States become pregnant each year; nearly half give birth. Why do these young people, who are hardly more than children themselves, become parents? This volume reviews in detail the trends in and consequences of teenage sexual behavior and offers thoughtful insights on the issues of sexual initiation, contraception, pregnancy, abortion, adoption, and the well-being of adolescent families. It provides a systematic assessment of the impact of various programmatic approaches, both preventive and ameliorative, in light of the growing scientific understanding of the topic. %0 Book %A National Research Council %E Citro, Constance F. %E Michael, Robert T. %T Measuring Poverty: A New Approach %@ 978-0-309-05128-6 %D 1995 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/4759/measuring-poverty-a-new-approach %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/4759/measuring-poverty-a-new-approach %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Industry and Labor %K Health and Medicine %K Behavioral and Social Sciences %P 521 %X Each year's poverty figures are anxiously awaited by policymakers, analysts, and the media. Yet questions are increasing about the 30-year-old measure as social and economic conditions change. In Measuring Poverty a distinguished panel provides policymakers with an up-to-date evaluation of: Concepts and procedures for deriving the poverty threshold, including adjustments for different family circumstances. Definitions of family resources. Procedures for annual updates of poverty measures. The volume explores specific issues underlying the poverty measure, analyzes the likely effects of any changes on poverty rates, and discusses the impact on eligibility for public benefits. In supporting its recommendations the panel provides insightful recognition of the political and social dimensions of this key economic indicator. Measuring Poverty will be important to government officials, policy analysts, statisticians, economists, researchers, and others involved in virtually all poverty and social welfare issues. %0 Book %A Transportation Research Board %A National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine %T Guidance for Transportation Agencies on Managing Sensitive Information %D 2005 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/23417/guidance-for-transportation-agencies-on-managing-sensitive-information %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/23417/guidance-for-transportation-agencies-on-managing-sensitive-information %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Transportation and Infrastructure %P 55 %X TRB’s National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Report 525: Surface Transportation Security, Volume 5: Guidance for Transportation Agencies on Managing Sensitive Information provides basic information on identifying and controlling access to sensitive information.NCHRP Report 525: Surface Transportation Security is a series in which relevant information is assembled into single, concise volumes—each pertaining to a specific security problem and closely related issues. The volumes focus on the concerns that transportation agencies are addressing when developing programs in response to the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001, and the anthrax attacks that followed. Future volumes of the report will be issued as they are completed. %0 Book %A National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine %T The 2014 Redesign of the Survey of Income and Program Participation: An Assessment %@ 978-0-309-46417-8 %D 2018 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/24864/the-2014-redesign-of-the-survey-of-income-and-program-participation %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/24864/the-2014-redesign-of-the-survey-of-income-and-program-participation %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Behavioral and Social Sciences %K Surveys and Statistics %P 218 %X The Survey of Income and Program Participation (SIPP) is a national, longitudinal household survey conducted by the Census Bureau. SIPP serves as a tool to evaluate the effectiveness of government-sponsored social programs and to analyze the impacts of actual or proposed modifications to those programs. SIPP was designed to fill a need for data that would give policy makers and researchers a much better grasp of how effectively government programs were reaching their target populations, how participation in different programs overlapped, and to what extent and under what circumstances people transitioned into and out of these programs. SIPP was also designed to answer questions about the short-term dynamics of employment, living arrangements, and economic well-being. The Census Bureau has reengineered SIPP—fielding the initial redesigned survey in 2014. This report evaluates the new design compared with the old design. It compares key estimates across the two designs, evaluates the content of the redesigned SIPP and the impact of the new design on respondent burden, and considers content changes for future improvement of SIPP. %0 Book %A National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine %E Ziliak, James P. %E Mackie, Christopher %E Citro, Constance F. %T An Updated Measure of Poverty: (Re)Drawing the Line %@ 978-0-309-69739-2 %D 2023 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/26825/an-updated-measure-of-poverty-redrawing-the-line %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/26825/an-updated-measure-of-poverty-redrawing-the-line %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Behavioral and Social Sciences %P 150 %X An accurate measure of poverty is necessary to fully understand how the economy is performing across all segments of the population and to assess the effects of government policies on communities and families. In addition, poverty statistics are essential in determining the size and composition of the population whose basic needs are going unmet and to help society target resources to address those needs. An Updated Measure of Poverty: (Re)Drawing the Line recommends updating the methodology used by the Census Bureau to calculate the Supplemental Poverty Measure (SPM) to reflect household basic needs. This report recommends that the more comprehensive SPM replace the current Official Poverty Measure as the primary statistical measure of poverty the Census Bureau uses. The report assesses the strengths and weaknesses of the SPM and provides recommendations for updating its methodology and expanding its use in recognition of the needs of most American families such as medical care, childcare, and housing costs. %0 Book %A National Research Council %E Citro, Constance F. %E Scholz, John Karl %T Reengineering the Survey of Income and Program Participation %@ 978-0-309-14173-4 %D 2009 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/12715/reengineering-the-survey-of-income-and-program-participation %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/12715/reengineering-the-survey-of-income-and-program-participation %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Behavioral and Social Sciences %K Industry and Labor %K Surveys and Statistics %P 188 %X Beginning in 2006, the Census Bureau embarked on a program to reengineer the Survey of Income and Program Participation (SIPP) to reduce its costs and improve data quality and timeliness. The Bureau also requested the National Academies to consider the advantages and disadvantages of strategies for linking administrative records and survey data, taking account of the accessibility of relevant administrative records, the operational feasibility of linking, the quality and usefulness of the linked data, and the ability to provide access to the linked data while protecting the confidentiality of individual respondents. In response, this volume first examines the history of SIPP and reviews the survey's purpose, value, strengths, and weaknesses. The book examines alternative uses of administrative records in a reengineered SIPP and, finally, considers innovations in SIPP design and data collection, including the proposed use of annual interviews with an event history calendar.