TY - BOOK TI - Report of Committee on Persistent Pesticides, Division of Biology and Agriculture, National Research Council to U.S. Department of Agriculture DO - 10.17226/21256 PY - 1969 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/21256/report-of-committee-on-persistent-pesticides-division-of-biology-and-agriculture-national-research-council-to-us-department-of-agriculture PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - KW - Agriculture ER - TY - BOOK AU - National Research Council A2 - Keegan Sawyer A2 - Joe Alper TI - Undergraduate Chemistry Education: A Workshop Summary SN - DO - 10.17226/18555 PY - 2014 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/18555/undergraduate-chemistry-education-a-workshop-summary PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Math, Chemistry, and Physics KW - Education AB - Undergraduate Chemistry Education is the summary of a workshop convened in May 2013 by the Chemical Science Roundtable of the National Research Council to explore the current state of undergraduate chemistry education. Research and innovation in undergraduate chemistry education has been done for many years, and one goal of this workshop was to assist in the transfer of lessons learned from the education research community to faculty members whose expertise lies in the field of chemistry rather than in education. Through formal presentations and panel discussions, participants from academia, industry, and funding organizations explored drivers of change in science, technology, engineering and mathematics education; innovations in chemistry education; and challenges and opportunities in chemistry education reform. Undergraduate Chemistry Education discusses large-scale innovations that are transferable, widely applicable, and/or proven successful, with specific consideration of drivers and metrics of change, barriers to implementation of changes, and examples of innovation in the classroom. ER - TY - BOOK AU - National Research Council TI - Eighteenth Interim Report of the Committee on Acute Exposure Guideline Levels DO - 10.17226/13002 PY - 2010 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/13002/eighteenth-interim-report-of-the-committee-on-acute-exposure-guideline-levels PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Environment and Environmental Studies AB - The present report is the committee's 18th interim report. It summarizes the committee's conclusions and recommendations for improving NAC's AEGL documents for 25 chemicals: allyl alcohol, bis-chloromethyl ether, chloromethyl methyl ether, bromine pentafluoride, bromine trifluoride, chlorine pentafluoride, carbon tetrachloride, chloroform, chlorosilanes (26 selected compounds), epichlorohydrin, formaldehyde, hydrogen bromide, hydrogen iodide, methyl bromide, methyl chloride, nitric acid, nitric oxide, nitrogen dioxide, nitrogen tetroxide, piperidine, titanium tetrachloride, toluene, trimethylbenzenes (1,2,4-; 1,2,5-;and 1,3,5-TMB), vinyl acetate monomer, and vinyl chloride. ER - TY - BOOK AU - National Research Council TI - Industrial Research Laboratories of the United States, Including Consulting Research Laboratories DO - 10.17226/18663 PY - 1946 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/18663/industrial-research-laboratories-of-the-united-states-including-consulting-research-laboratories PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - KW - Environment and Environmental Studies ER - TY - BOOK TI - Report of the Treasurer to the Council 1995-1996 DO - 10.17226/9238 PY - 1996 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/9238/report-of-the-treasurer-to-the-council-1995-1996 PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English ER - TY - BOOK TI - An Assessment of the Health Risks of Seven Pesticides Used for Termite Control SN - DO - 10.17226/665 PY - 1982 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/665/an-assessment-of-the-health-risks-of-seven-pesticides-used-for-termite-control PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Environment and Environmental Studies ER - TY - BOOK TI - Matrix of Combustion-Relevant Properties and Classifications of Gases, Vapors, and Selected Solids DO - 10.17226/10950 PY - 1979 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/10950/matrix-of-combustion-relevant-properties-and-classifications-of-gases-vapors-and-selected-solids PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Engineering and Technology ER - TY - BOOK TI - Test Equipment for Use in Determining Classifications of Combustible Dusts DO - 10.17226/10951 PY - 1979 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/10951/test-equipment-for-use-in-determining-classifications-of-combustible-dusts PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Engineering and Technology ER - TY - BOOK TI - Report of the Treasurer to the Council 1997-1998 DO - 10.17226/9521 PY - 1998 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/9521/report-of-the-treasurer-to-the-council-1997-1998 PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English ER - TY - BOOK AU - National Research Council A2 - Douglas Friedman A2 - Joe Alper TI - Technological Challenges in Antibiotic Discovery and Development: A Workshop Summary SN - DO - 10.17226/18616 PY - 2014 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/18616/technological-challenges-in-antibiotic-discovery-and-development-a-workshop-summary PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Math, Chemistry, and Physics AB - Technological Challenges in Antibiotic Discovery and Development is the summary of a workshop convened by the Chemical Sciences Roundtable in September 2013 to explore the current state of antibiotic discovery and examine the technology available to facilitate development. Through formal presentations and panel discussions, participants from academia, industry, federal research agencies discussed the technical challenges present and the incentives and disincentives industry faces in antibiotic development, and identified novel approaches to antibiotic discovery. Antibiotic resistance is a serious and growing problem in modern medicine and it is emerging as a pre-eminent public health threat. Each year in the United States alone, at least two million acquire serious infections with bacteria that are resistant to one or more antibiotics, and at least 23,000 people die annually as a direct result of these antibiotic-resistant infections. In addition to the toll on human life, antibiotic-resistant infections add considerable and avoidable costs to the already overburdened U.S. health care system. This report explores the challenges in overcoming antibiotic resistance, screening for new antibiotics, and delivering them to the sites of infection in the body. The report also discusses a path forward to develop the next generation of potent antimicrobial compounds capable of once again tilting the battle against microbial pathogens in favor of humans. Technological Challenges in Antibiotic Discovery and Development gives a broad view of the landscape of antibiotic development and the technological challenges and barriers to be overcome. ER - TY - BOOK AU - National Research Council TI - Toxicological Risks of Selected Flame-Retardant Chemicals SN - DO - 10.17226/9841 PY - 2000 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/9841/toxicological-risks-of-selected-flame-retardant-chemicals PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Environment and Environmental Studies KW - Space and Aeronautics AB - Ignition of upholstered furniture by small open flames from matches, cigarette lighters, and candles is one of the leading causes of residential-fire deaths in the United States. These fires accounted for about 16% of civilian fire deaths in 1996. On average, each year since 1990, about 90 deaths (primarily of children), 440 injuries, and property losses amounting to 50 million dollars have resulted from fires caused by the ignition of upholstered furniture by small open flames. Certain commercial seating products (such as aircraft and bus seats) are subject to flammability standards and sometimes incorporate FR-treated upholstery cover materials, but there is no federal-government requirement for residential upholstered furniture, and it is generally not treated with FR chemicals. It is estimated that less than 0.2% of all U.S. residential upholstery fabric is treated with flame-retardant (FR) chemicals. The Consumer Product Safety Act of 1972 created the U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC) as an independent federal regulatory agency whose mission is to protect the public from unreasonable risks of injury and death associated with consumer products. CPSC also administers the Flammable Fabrics Act, under which it regulates flammability hazards and the Federal Hazardous Substances Act (FHSA), which regulates hazardous substances including chemicals. In 1993, the National Association of State Fire Marshals petitioned CPSC to issue a performance-based flammability standard for upholstered furniture to reduce the risk of residential fires. The Commission granted that portion of the petition relating to small open flame ignition risks. In response to concerns regarding the safety of FR chemicals, Congress, in the fiscal year 1999 appropriations report for CPSC, requested that the National Research Council conduct an independent study of the health risks to consumers posed by exposure to FR chemicals that are likely to be used in residential upholstered furniture to meet a CPSC standard. The National Research Council assigned the project to the Committee on Toxicology (COT) of the Commission on Life Sciences' Board on Environmental Studies and Toxicology. COT convened the Subcommittee on Flame-Retardant Chemicals, which prepared this report. Subcommittee members were chosen for their recognized expertise in toxicology, pharmacology, epidemiology, chemistry, exposure assessment, risk assessment, and biostatistics. Toxicological Risks of Selected Flame-Retardant Chemicals is organized into 18 chapters and two appendices. Chapter 2 describes the risk assessment process used by the subcommittee in determining the risk associated with potential exposure to the various FR chemicals. Chapter 3 describes the method the subcommittee used to measure and estimate the intensity, frequency, extent, and duration of human exposure to FR chemicals. Chapters 4-19 provide the subcommittee's review and assessment of health risks posed by exposure to each of the 16 FR chemicals. Data gaps and research needs are provided at the end of these chapters. ER - TY - BOOK AU - National Research Council A2 - Douglas Friedman A2 - Tina Masciangioli A2 - Steve Olson TI - The Role of the Chemical Sciences in Finding Alternatives to Critical Resources: A Workshop Summary SN - DO - 10.17226/13366 PY - 2012 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/13366/the-role-of-the-chemical-sciences-in-finding-alternatives-to-critical-resources PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Math, Chemistry, and Physics KW - Energy and Energy Conservation AB - The Chemical Sciences Roundtable (CSR) was established in 1997 by the National Research Council (NRC). It provides a science oriented apolitical forum for leaders in the chemical sciences to discuss chemistry-related issues affecting government, industry, and universities. Organized by the National Research Council's Board on Chemical Sciences and Technology, the CSR aims to strengthen the chemical sciences by fostering communication among the people and organizations - spanning industry, government, universities, and professional associations - involved with the chemical enterprise. One way it does this is by organizing workshops that address issues in chemical science and technology that require national attention. In September 2011, the CSR organized a workshop on the topic, "The Role of Chemical Sciences in Finding Alternatives to Critical Resources." The one-and-a-half-day workshop addressed key topics, including the economic and political matrix, the history of societal responses to key mineral and material shortages, the applications for and properties of existing minerals and materials, and the chemistry of possible replacements. The workshop featured several presentations highlighting the importance of critical nonfuel mineral and material resources in history, catalysis, agriculture, and electronic, magnetic, and optical applications. The Role of the Chemical Sciences in Finding Alternatives to Critical Resources: A Workshop Summary explains the presentations and discussions that took place at the workshop. In accordance with the policies of the NRC, the workshop did not attempt to establish any conclusions or recommendations about needs and future directions, focusing instead on issues identified by the speakers. ER - TY - BOOK AU - National Academy of Engineering AU - National Academy of Engineering TI - Memorial Tributes: Volume 1 SN - DO - 10.17226/578 PY - 1979 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/578/memorial-tributes-volume-1 PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Biography and Autobiography ER - TY - BOOK AU - National Research Council A2 - Steve Olson TI - Strengthening High School Chemistry Education Through Teacher Outreach Programs: A Workshop Summary to the Chemical Sciences Roundtable SN - DO - 10.17226/12533 PY - 2009 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/12533/strengthening-high-school-chemistry-education-through-teacher-outreach-programs-a PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Education KW - Math, Chemistry, and Physics AB - A strong chemical workforce in the United States will be essential to the ability to address many issues of societal concern in the future, including demand for renewable energy, more advanced materials, and more sophisticated pharmaceuticals. High school chemistry teachers have a critical role to play in engaging and supporting the chemical workforce of the future, but they must be sufficiently knowledgeable and skilled to produce the levels of scientific literacy that students need to succeed. To identify key leverage points for improving high school chemistry education, the National Academies' Chemical Sciences Roundtable held a public workshop, summarized in this volume, that brought together representatives from government, industry, academia, scientific societies, and foundations involved in outreach programs for high school chemistry teachers. Presentations at the workshop, which was held in August 2008, addressed the current status of high school chemistry education; provided examples of public and private outreach programs for high school chemistry teachers; and explored ways to evaluate the success of these outreach programs. ER - TY - BOOK AU - National Research Council TI - Preservation of Historical Records SN - DO - 10.17226/914 PY - 1986 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/914/preservation-of-historical-records PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Engineering and Technology AB - With discussion on how paper conservation procedures work, how they are put to use, and how deterioration may be prevented, this comprehensive volume examines how vast quantities of documentation can best be preserved. It provides detailed information and recommendations about various preservation methods, including mechanical copying, photographic film, magnetic recording, and optical disk recording, and on the expected useful lives of each. Also included are a method for scoring and assessing the condition of collections and a decision tree that provides a guide for orderly progress in preserving a collection of documents. Printed on permanent, acid-free paper. ER - TY - BOOK AU - National Research Council TI - Containing the Threat from Illegal Bombings: An Integrated National Strategy for Marking, Tagging, Rendering Inert, and Licensing Explosives and Their Precursors SN - DO - 10.17226/5966 PY - 1998 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/5966/containing-the-threat-from-illegal-bombings-an-integrated-national-strategy PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Conflict and Security Issues AB - In response to the rising concern of the American public over illegal bombings, the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, and Firearms asked the National Research Council to examine possible mechanisms for reducing this threat. The committee examined four approaches to reducing the bombing threat: addition of detection markers to explosives for pre-blast detection, addition of identification taggants to explosives for post-blast identification of bombers, possible means to render common explosive materials inert, and placing controls on explosives and their precursors. The book makes several recommendations to reduce the number of criminal bombings in this country. ER - TY - BOOK AU - National Research Council A2 - Michael Greene TI - The Future of Personal Transport in China: Summary of a Symposium, January 12, 2001 DO - 10.17226/10214 PY - 2001 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/10214/the-future-of-personal-transport-in-china-summary-of-a PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - AB - In August 1999 a delegation from the Chinese Academy of Engineering (CAE) visited The National Academies in Washington to discuss opportunities for collaboration on a study of the future of personal use vehicles in China. Barely motorized at present, China is confronted with the prospect of a massive increase in demand for automobiles. This is a summary of the first meeting of the Committee on the Future of Personal Use Vehicles in China, where the committee invited a group of experts to join some members of the committee to review the issues surrounding rapid motorization in China and the world experience in confronting similar problems in other countries. This symposium was designed to serve as the initial technical presentation to the committee and enabled some of the more difficult issues to be introduced by non-member experts in a setting outside of the committee room where they would be debated. ER - TY - BOOK AU - National Research Council TI - Catalytic Process Technology DO - 10.17226/10038 PY - 2000 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/10038/catalytic-process-technology PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - ER - TY - BOOK AU - National Research Council TI - Reliability of Adhesive Bonds Under Severe Environments DO - 10.17226/19387 PY - 1984 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/19387/reliability-of-adhesive-bonds-under-severe-environments PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - KW - Engineering and Technology ER - TY - BOOK AU - National Research Council TI - Emergency and Continuous Exposure Limits for Selected Airborne Contaminants: Volume 1 SN - DO - 10.17226/689 PY - 1984 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/689/emergency-and-continuous-exposure-limits-for-selected-airborne-contaminants-volume PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Environment and Environmental Studies ER -