@BOOK{NAP author = "National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine", title = "Open Science by Design: Realizing a Vision for 21st Century Research", isbn = "978-0-309-47624-9", abstract = "Openness and sharing of information are fundamental to the progress of science and to the effective functioning of the research enterprise. The advent of scientific journals in the 17th century helped power the Scientific Revolution by allowing researchers to communicate across time and space, using the technologies of that era to generate reliable knowledge more quickly and efficiently. Harnessing today's stunning, ongoing advances in information technologies, the global research enterprise and its stakeholders are moving toward a new open science ecosystem. Open science aims to ensure the free availability and usability of scholarly publications, the data that result from scholarly research, and the methodologies, including code or algorithms, that were used to generate those data.\n\nOpen Science by Design is aimed at overcoming barriers and moving toward open science as the default approach across the research enterprise. This report explores specific examples of open science and discusses a range of challenges, focusing on stakeholder perspectives. It is meant to provide guidance to the research enterprise and its stakeholders as they build strategies for achieving open science and take the next steps.", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/25116/open-science-by-design-realizing-a-vision-for-21st-century", year = 2018, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "National Research Council", title = "Optimizing the U.S. Ground-Based Optical and Infrared Astronomy System", isbn = "978-0-309-37186-5", abstract = "New astronomical facilities, such as the under-construction Large Synoptic Survey Telescope and planned 30-meter-class telescopes, and new instrumentation on existing optical and infrared (OIR) telescopes, hold the promise of groundbreaking research and discovery. How can we extract the best science from these and other astronomical facilities in an era of potentially flat federal budgets for both the facilities and the research grants? Optimizing the U.S. Ground-Based Optical and Infrared Astronomy System provides guidance for these new programs that align with the scientific priorities and the conclusions and recommendations of two National Research Council (NRC) decadal surveys, New Worlds, New Horizons for Astronomy and Astrophysics and Vision and Voyages for Planetary Sciences in the Decade 2013-2022, as well as other NRC reports.\nThis report describes a vision for a U.S. OIR System that includes a telescope time exchange designed to enhance science return by broadening access to capabilities for a diverse community, an ongoing planning process to identify and construct next generation capabilities to realize decadal science priorities, and near-term critical coordination, planning, and instrumentation needed to usher in the era of LSST and giant telescopes.", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/21722/optimizing-the-us-ground-based-optical-and-infrared-astronomy-system", year = 2015, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "National Academy of Engineering and National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine", editor = "Brett Moulding and Nancy Songer and Kerry Brenner", title = "Science and Engineering for Grades 6-12: Investigation and Design at the Center", isbn = "978-0-309-48260-8", abstract = "It is essential for today's students to learn about science and engineering in order to make sense of the world around them and participate as informed members of a democratic society. The skills and ways of thinking that are developed and honed through engaging in scientific and engineering endeavors can be used to engage with evidence in making personal decisions, to participate responsibly in civic life, and to improve and maintain the health of the environment, as well as to prepare for careers that use science and technology.\n\nThe majority of Americans learn most of what they know about science and engineering as middle and high school students. During these years of rapid change for students' knowledge, attitudes, and interests, they can be engaged in learning science and engineering through schoolwork that piques their curiosity about the phenomena around them in ways that are relevant to their local surroundings and to their culture. Many decades of education research provide strong evidence for effective practices in teaching and learning of science and engineering. One of the effective practices that helps students learn is to engage in science investigation and engineering design. Broad implementation of science investigation and engineering design and other evidence-based practices in middle and high schools can help address present-day and future national challenges, including broadening access to science and engineering for communities who have traditionally been underrepresented and improving students' educational and life experiences.\n\nScience and Engineering for Grades 6-12: Investigation and Design at the Center revisits America's Lab Report: Investigations in High School Science in order to consider its discussion of laboratory experiences and teacher and school readiness in an updated context. It considers how to engage today's middle and high school students in doing science and engineering through an analysis of evidence and examples. This report provides guidance for teachers, administrators, creators of instructional resources, and leaders in teacher professional learning on how to support students as they make sense of phenomena, gather and analyze data\/information, construct explanations and design solutions, and communicate reasoning to self and others during science investigation and engineering design. It also provides guidance to help educators get started with designing, implementing, and assessing investigation and design.", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/25216/science-and-engineering-for-grades-6-12-investigation-and-design", year = 2019, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine", editor = "Jennifer Saunders and Marie Harton", title = "Overcoming Structural Barriers for Women in Entrepreneurship: Proceedings of a Workshop–in Brief", abstract = "While there has been growth in the number of women entrepreneurs in the United States in recent years, the percentage of women - particularly women of color - who decide to pursue an entrepreneurial career continues to be significantly lower than that of men. Entrepreneurship is a crucial enterprise responsible for driving innovation and economic growth, and increasing the representation of women, especially in STEM and medical (STEMM) industries, is critical to ensuring the nation's overall health, economic well-being, and global competitiveness.\nOn June 21-22, 2021, the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and held a virtual workshop to explore the current structural barriers (i.e., policies, practices, or other norms that systematically perpetuate gender disparities) driving the underrepresentation of women entrepreneurs across STEMM industries and strategies to overcome these barriers. Participants included representatives from a variety of sectors, including higher education, government, nonprofits, and industry, as well as researchers, evaluators, inventors, mentors, consultants, and policy analysts, among others. This publication highlights the presentation and discussion of the workshop.", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/26433/overcoming-structural-barriers-for-women-in-entrepreneurship-proceedings-of-a", year = 2021, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine", editor = "Anna Nicholson and Shalini Singaravelu and Lisa Brown", title = "Expanding Delivery and Increasing Uptake of Medical Countermeasures Through Public–Private Partnerships: Proceedings of a Workshop–in Brief", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/27594/expanding-delivery-and-increasing-uptake-of-medical-countermeasures-through-public-private-partnerships", year = 2024, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine", title = "Rapid Expert Consultation on Allocating COVID-19 Monoclonal Antibody Therapies and Other Novel Therapeutics (January 29, 2021)", abstract = "This rapid expert consultation focuses on monoclonal antibody (mAbs) therapies authorized for use in patients infected with SARS-CoV-2. This consultation describes the approaches taken in different jurisdictions at the federal, state, and local\/institutional levels to ensure an effective, equitable, and fair allocation of mAbs and points to challenges in reaching underserved patients.\nThe National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine convened a standing committee of experts to help inform the Office of Science and Technology Policy on critical science and policy issues related to emerging infectious diseases and other public health threats. The standing committee includes members with expertise in emerging infectious diseases, public health, public health preparedness and response, biological sciences, clinical care and crisis standards of care, risk communication, and regulatory issues.", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/26063/rapid-expert-consultation-on-allocating-covid-19-monoclonal-antibody-therapies-and-other-novel-therapeutics-january-29-2021", year = 2021, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP title = "Improving Social Science in the Former Soviet Union: The U.S. Role", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/10465/improving-social-science-in-the-former-soviet-union-the-us", year = 1992, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "Institute of Medicine", title = "Providing Universal and Affordable Health Care", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/18473/providing-universal-and-affordable-health-care", year = 1989, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "Institute of Medicine", editor = "Marion Ein Lewin and Barbara Rice", title = "Balancing the Scales of Opportunity: Ensuring Racial and Ethnic Diversity in the Health Professions", isbn = "978-0-309-05078-4", abstract = "The underrepresentation of minorities in health and other professions has long cast a shadow over our nation's efforts to develop a more representative and productive society. Many programs have been developed to enlarge the presence of minorities in health careers, but these efforts have been unable to develop the infrastructure and momentum needed to produce and sustain an adequate number of minority professionals among the ranks of clinicians, researchers, and teachers.\nThis book looks at the historical significance of this underrepresentation, presents data that define the problem, and identifies underlying factors that contribute to the failure to achieve fairness in opportunity.\nThe volume examines programs that have made successful efforts to decrease underrepresentation and sets forth an action and research agenda for further enhancing the numbers of minorities in the health professions.", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/4418/balancing-the-scales-of-opportunity-ensuring-racial-and-ethnic-diversity", year = 1994, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "Institute of Medicine", editor = "Megan Reeve and Bradley Eckert and Bruce Altevogt", title = "Regional Disaster Response Coordination to Support Health Outcomes: Information Sharing and Incident Management: Workshop in Brief", abstract = "When a disaster strikes, it rarely impacts just one jurisdiction. It is important for jurisdictions to consider how they will respond to a scenario in which the entire region is impacted. To explore these considerations, the Institute of Medicine's Forum on Medical and Public Health Preparedness for Catastrophic Events organized a workshop in 2014 to examine how information and incident management can augment response efforts in a complex, regional emergency. This brief summary highlights the presentation and discussion of the workshop.", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/21669/regional-disaster-response-coordination-to-support-health-outcomes-information-sharing", year = 2014, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP editor = "Harvard University", title = "Violence in Urban America: Mobilizing a Response", isbn = "978-0-309-05039-5", abstract = "In this summary of a unique conference on urban violence, mayors, police chiefs, local, state, and federal agency experts, and researchers provide a wealth of practical ideas to combat violence in urban America. This book will be a valuable guide to concerned community residents as well as local officials in designing new approaches to the violence that afflicts America's cities.\nsingle copy, $12.95; 2-9 copies, $9.95 each; 10 or more copies, $6.95 each (no other discounts apply)", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/4419/violence-in-urban-america-mobilizing-a-response", year = 1994, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine", title = "Fundamental Research in High Energy Density Science", isbn = "978-0-309-69414-8", abstract = "High energy density (HED) science has critical applications for society from fusion energy to sustaining the US nuclear deterrent, while also contributing to broader scientific questions such as understanding planets and their origins.\nThe next decade of HED science will be instrumental to growing our understanding and in the development of new technologies and processes. Fundamental Research in High Energy Density Science identifies key challenges and science questions for the field for the coming decade and proposes ways to address them.", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/26728/fundamental-research-in-high-energy-density-science", year = 2023, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine", title = "Addressing COVID-19–Related Challenges Facing Individuals Engaged in Precarious Employment", abstract = "The COVID-19 pandemic has exacerbated challenges facing workers engaged in precarious employment - those in positions commonly characterized by little to no job security, low wages, and few or no benefits. Through the first three years of the pandemic, many of these workers reported increased exposure to COVID-19, limited access to sick leave, job losses, and reduced hours.\nThe latest guidance from the Societal Experts Action Network (SEAN) identifies strategies that state and local decision makers can use to mitigate COVID-19-related challenges facing individuals engaged in precarious employment, with particular attention to strategies that can remedy existing inequalities. ", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/26930/addressing-covid-19-related-challenges-facing-individuals-engaged-in-precarious-employment", year = 2023, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "Institute of Medicine", title = "Discussion Framework for Clinical Trial Data Sharing: Guiding Principles, Elements, and Activities", isbn = "978-0-309-29779-0", abstract = "Sharing data generated through the conduct of clinical trials offers the promise of placing evidence about the safety and efficacy of therapies and clinical interventions on a firmer basis and enhancing the benefits of clinical trials. Ultimately, such data sharing - if carried out appropriately - could lead to improved clinical care and greater public trust in clinical research and health care.\nDiscussion Framework for Clinical Trial Data Sharing: Guiding Principles, Elements, and Activities is part of a study of how data from clinical trials might best be shared. This document is designed as a framework for discussion and public comment. This framework is being released to stimulate reactions and comments from stakeholders and the public. The framework summarizes the committee's initial thoughts on guiding principles that underpin responsible sharing of clinical trial data, defines key elements of clinical trial data and data sharing, and describes a selected set of clinical trial data sharing activities.", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/18610/discussion-framework-for-clinical-trial-data-sharing-guiding-principles-elements", year = 2014, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "National Research Council", title = "Expanding Access to Research Data: Reconciling Risks and Opportunities", isbn = "978-0-309-10012-0", abstract = "Policy makers need information about the nation\u2014ranging from trends in the overall\neconomy down to the use by individuals of Medicare\u2014in order to evaluate existing\nprograms and to develop new ones. This information often comes from research\nbased on data about individual people, households, and businesses and other organizations,\ncollected by statistical agencies.\nThe benefit of increasing data accessibility to researchers and analysts is better\ninformed public policy. To realize this benefit, a variety of modes for data access\u2014\nincluding restricted access to confidential data and unrestricted access to appropriately\naltered public-use data\u2014must be used. The risk of expanded access to potentially\nsensitive data is the increased probability of breaching the confidentiality of the\ndata and, in turn, eroding public confidence in the data collection enterprise.\nIndeed, the statistical system of the United States ultimately depends on the willingness\nof the public to provide the information on which research data are based.\nExpanding Access to Research Data issues guidance on how to more fully exploit\nthese tradeoffs. The panel\u2019s recommendations focus on needs highlighted by legal,\nsocial, and technological changes that have occurred during the last decade.\n", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/11434/expanding-access-to-research-data-reconciling-risks-and-opportunities", year = 2005, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "Transportation Research Board and National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine", title = "Key Issues in Transportation Programming", abstract = "TRB Conference Proceedings 43: Key Issues in Transportation Programming summarizes plenary and breakout sessions of a November 2006 conference that explored the current state of the practice and long-term implementation experience associated with the programming process, successful practices in linking planning and programming, and the linking of programming processes to the development of performance measures and asset management systems. The conference also examined programming and politics, data requirements and data manageability, and effective approaches to public involvement for programming.", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/23220/key-issues-in-transportation-programming", year = 2008, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "National Research Council", title = "Evolving the High Performance Computing and Communications Initiative to Support the Nation's Information Infrastructure", isbn = "978-0-309-05277-1", abstract = "Maintaining the United States' strong lead in information technology will require continued federal support of research in this area, most of which is currently funded under the High Performance Computing and Communications Initiative (HPCCI). The Initiative has already accomplished a great deal and should be continued. This book provides 13 major recommendations for refining both HPCCI and support of information technology research in general. It also provides a good overview of the development of HPCC technologies.", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/4948/evolving-the-high-performance-computing-and-communications-initiative-to-support-the-nations-information-infrastructure", year = 1995, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "National Research Council", editor = "Janet S. Hansen and Clinton V. Oster, Jr.", title = "Taking Flight: Education and Training for Aviation Careers", isbn = "978-0-309-05676-2", abstract = "The commercial aviation industry is a major part of the U.S. transportation infrastructure and a key contributor to the nation's economy. The industry is facing the effects of a reduced role by the military as a source of high-quality trained personnel, particularly pilots and mechanics. At the same time, it is facing the challenges of a changing American workforce.\nThis book is a study of the civilian training and education programs needed to satisfy the work-force requirements of the commercial aviation industry in the year 2000 and beyond, with particular emphasis on issues related to access to aviation careers by women and minorities.", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/5433/taking-flight-education-and-training-for-aviation-careers", year = 1997, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "Transportation Research Board and National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine", editor = "Sharon Feigon and Colin Murphy", title = "Shared Mobility and the Transformation of Public Transit", abstract = "There are issues, opportunities, and challenges related to technology-enabled mobility services, and lots of ways that transit can learn from, build upon, and interface with new ways of traveling.The TRB Transit Cooperative Research Program's TCRP Report 188: Shared Mobility and the Transformation of Public Transit examines the relationship of public transportation (including paratransit and demand-responsive services) to shared modes, including bikesharing, carsharing, microtransit, and ridesourcing services provided by companies such as Uber and Lyft. A supplemental infographic summarizes the aspects of of the sharing economy and its intersection with transit.", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/23578/shared-mobility-and-the-transformation-of-public-transit", year = 2016, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine", editor = "Robert M. Groves and Thomas Mesenbourg and Michael Siri", title = "Toward a 21st Century National Data Infrastructure: Mobilizing Information for the Common Good", isbn = "978-0-309-69274-8", abstract = "Historically, the U.S. national data infrastructure has relied on the operations of the federal statistical system and the data assets that it holds. Throughout the 20th century, federal statistical agencies aggregated survey responses of households and businesses to produce information about the nation and diverse subpopulations. The statistics created from such surveys provide most of what people know about the well-being of society, including health, education, employment, safety, housing, and food security. The surveys also contribute to an infrastructure for empirical social- and economic-sciences research. Research using survey-response data, with strict privacy protections, led to important discoveries about the causes and consequences of important societal challenges and also informed policymakers. Like other infrastructure, people can easily take these essential statistics for granted. Only when they are threatened do people recognize the need to protect them.\nToward a 21st Century National Data Infrastructure: Mobilizing Information for the Common Good develops a vision for a new data infrastructure for national statistics and social and economic research in the 21st century. This report describes how the country can improve the statistical information so critical to shaping the nation's future, by mobilizing data assets and blending them with existing survey data.", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/26688/toward-a-21st-century-national-data-infrastructure-mobilizing-information-for-the-common-good", year = 2023, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" }