%0 Book %A Institute of Medicine %E Ross, A. Catharine %E Taylor, Christine L. %E Yaktine, Ann L. %E Del Valle, Heather B. %T Dietary Reference Intakes for Calcium and Vitamin D %@ 978-0-309-16394-1 %D 2011 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/13050/dietary-reference-intakes-for-calcium-and-vitamin-d %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/13050/dietary-reference-intakes-for-calcium-and-vitamin-d %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Food and Nutrition %K Health and Medicine %P 1132 %X Calcium and vitamin D are essential nutrients for the human body. Establishing the levels of these nutrients that are needed by the North American population is based on the understanding of the health outcomes that calcium and vitamin D affect. It is also important to establish how much of each nutrient may be "too much." Dietary Reference Intakes for Calcium and Vitamin D provides reference intake values for these two nutrients. The report updates the DRI values defined in Dietary Reference Intakes for Calcium, Phosphorus, Magnesium, Vitamin D, and Fluoride, the 1997 study from the Institute of Medicine. This 2011 book provides background information on the biological functions of each nutrient, reviews health outcomes that are associated with the intake of calcium and vitamin D, and specifies Estimated Average Requirements and Recommended Dietary Allowances for both. It also identifies Tolerable Upper Intake Levels, which are levels above wish the risk for harm may increase. The book includes an overview of current dietary intake in the U.S. and Canada, and discusses implications of the study. A final chapter provides research recommendations. The DRIs established in this book incorporate current scientific evidence about the roles of vitamin D and calcium in human health and will serve as a valuable guide for a range of stakeholders including dietitians and other health professionals, those who set national nutrition policy, researchers, the food industry, and private and public health organizations and partnerships. %0 Book %A Institute of Medicine %T Reducing Stress Fracture in Physically Active Military Women %@ 978-0-309-06091-2 %D 1998 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/6295/reducing-stress-fracture-in-physically-active-military-women %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/6295/reducing-stress-fracture-in-physically-active-military-women %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Health and Medicine %P 132 %X The incidence of stress fractures of the lower extremities during U.S. military basic training is significantly higher among female military recruits than among male recruits. The prevalence of this injury has a marked impact on the health of service personnel and imposes a significant financial burden on the military by delaying completion of the training of new recruits. In addition to lengthening training time, increasing program costs, and delaying military readiness, stress fractures may share their etiology with the longer-term risk of osteoporosis. As part of the Defense Women's Health Research Program, this book evaluates the impact of diet, genetic predisposition, and physical activity on bone mineral and calcium status in young servicewomen. It makes recommendations for reducing stress fractures and improving overall bone health through nutrition education and monitored physical training programs. The book also makes recommendations for future research to evaluate more fully the effects of fitness levels, physical activities, and other factors on stress fracture risk and bone health. %0 Book %A Institute of Medicine %E Suitor, Carol West %E Kraak, Vivica I. %T Adequacy of Evidence for Physical Activity Guidelines Development: Workshop Summary %@ 978-0-309-10402-9 %D 2007 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/11819/adequacy-of-evidence-for-physical-activity-guidelines-development-workshop-summary %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/11819/adequacy-of-evidence-for-physical-activity-guidelines-development-workshop-summary %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Health and Medicine %P 212 %X Is there a sufficient evidence base for the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) to develop a comprehensive set of physical activity guidelines for Americans? To address this question, the Institute of Medicine (IOM) held a workshop titled "Adequacy of Evidence for Physical Activity Guidelines Development" in Washington, DC on October 23-24, 2006, sponsored by HHS. The workshop summary includes the presentations and discussions of more than 30 experts who were asked to consider the available evidence related to physical activity and the general population, as well as special population subgroups including children and adolescents, pregnant and postpartum women, older adults, and persons with disabilities. The summary provides an overview of the specific issues of relevance in assessing the quality and breadth of the available evidence. %0 Book %A Institute of Medicine %E Pate, Russell %E Oria, Maria %E Pillsbury, Laura %T Fitness Measures and Health Outcomes in Youth %@ 978-0-309-26284-2 %D 2012 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/13483/fitness-measures-and-health-outcomes-in-youth %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/13483/fitness-measures-and-health-outcomes-in-youth %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Health and Medicine %K Food and Nutrition %P 274 %X Physical fitness affects our ability to function and be active. At poor levels, it is associated with such health outcomes as diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Physical fitness testing in American youth was established on a large scale in the 1950s with an early focus on performance-related fitness that gradually gave way to an emphasis on health-related fitness. Using appropriately selected measures to collected fitness data in youth will advance our understanding of how fitness among youth translates into better health. In Fitness Measures and Health Outcomes in Youth, the IOM assesses the relationship between youth fitness test items and health outcomes, recommends the best fitness test items, provides guidance for interpreting fitness scores, and provides an agenda for needed research. The report concludes that selected cardiorespiratory endurance, musculoskeletal fitness, and body composition measures should be in fitness surveys and in schools. Collecting fitness data nationally and in schools helps with setting and achieving fitness goals and priorities for public health at an individual and national level. %0 Book %A Institute of Medicine %A National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine %E Oria, Maria %E Cappelucci, Kyra %E Rodgers, Anne %E Vorosmarti, Alice %T Meeting the Dietary Needs of Older Adults: Workshop in Brief %D 2016 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/21912/meeting-the-dietary-needs-of-older-adults-workshop-in-brief %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/21912/meeting-the-dietary-needs-of-older-adults-workshop-in-brief %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Food and Nutrition %P 6 %X On October 28–29, 2015, the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine Food and Nutrition Board convened a workshop in Washington, DC, to examine factors in the physical, social, and cultural environment that affect the ability of older adults to meet their daily dietary needs. The workshop built on two previous Institute of Medicine (IOM) workshop summaries, Providing Healthy and Safe Foods as We Age (IOM, 2010) and Nutrition and Healthy Aging in the Community (IOM, 2012). %0 Book %A Institute of Medicine %T Mineral Requirements for Military Personnel: Levels Needed for Cognitive and Physical Performance During Garrison Training %@ 978-0-309-10126-4 %D 2006 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/11610/mineral-requirements-for-military-personnel-levels-needed-for-cognitive-and %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/11610/mineral-requirements-for-military-personnel-levels-needed-for-cognitive-and %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Conflict and Security Issues %K Food and Nutrition %P 512 %X The U.S. Army Health Risk Appraisal group surveyed 400,000 active duty U.S. Army personnel in the late 1990s to determine whether or not those personnel met the dietary objectives of Healthy People 2000 (HP2000), a national agenda for health promotion and disease prevention. As reported by Yore et al. (2000), Army personnel generally did not meet the HP2000 goals for nutrition even though significant progress had been made during 1991-1998. Although the specific aspects of diet that would be relevant to this Committee on Mineral Requirements for Cognitive and Physical Performance of Military Personnel are lacking, the findings from this survey suggest that there are dietary problems in the military population. The potential for adverse effects of marginal mineral deficiencies among soldiers engaged in training or military operations and the prospect of improving military performance through mineral intakes have spurred the military's interest in this area of nutrition. Mineral Requirements for Military Personnel provides background information on the current knowledge regarding soldiers' eating behaviors as well as on the physical and mental stress caused by military garrison training or operations. This report also offers facts on the mineral content of rations and its intake by military personnel and addresses the potential effects of nutrient deficiencies due to inadequate intake or higher requirements during military operations. Mineral Requirements for Military Personnel provides information and recommendations on the development and uses of MDRIs and a description of strategies to increase intake of specific minerals, whether via usual foods, fortification, or supplementation. This report features a description of the metabolism and needs for selected minerals by military personnel under garrison training, recommendations on mineral intake levels, and an assessment of mineral level adequacy in operational rations. This report also includes a prioritization of the research needed to answer information gaps and details of study designs required to gain such information. %0 Book %A National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine %E Rasmussen, Kathleen M. %E Yaktine, Ann L. %E Delaney, Katherine M. %T Evaluating the Process to Develop the Dietary Guidelines for Americans, 2020-2025: A Midcourse Report %@ 978-0-309-27408-1 %D 2022 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/26406/evaluating-the-process-to-develop-the-dietary-guidelines-for-americans-2020-2025 %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/26406/evaluating-the-process-to-develop-the-dietary-guidelines-for-americans-2020-2025 %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Food and Nutrition %P 294 %X This midcourse report provides an initial assessment of how the process used to develop the Dietary Guidelines for Americans, 2020-2025 (DGA) compares to the recommendations in the 2017 National Academies report on redesigning the process for establishing the DGA. It also assesses the criteria and processes for including the scientific studies used to develop the guidelines. The scope of this study was to address the process and not the content of the guidelines. %0 Book %A National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine %E Scott-Conner, Carol E. H. %E Masys, Daniel R. %E Liverman, Catharyn T. %T Review of NASA's Evidence Reports on Human Health Risks: 2017 Letter Report %@ 978-0-309-46844-2 %D 2018 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/24953/review-of-nasas-evidence-reports-on-human-health-risks-2017 %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/24953/review-of-nasas-evidence-reports-on-human-health-risks-2017 %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Health and Medicine %P 64 %X This is the fifth, and final, in a series of letter reports that provide an independent review of the more than 30 evidence reports that NASA has compiled on human health risks for long-duration and exploration spaceflights. This letter report reviews five evidence reports and examines the quality of the evidence, analysis, and overall construction of each report; identifies existing gaps in report content; and provides suggestions for additional sources of expert input. %0 Book %A National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine %E Pray, Leslie %T Global Harmonization of Methodological Approaches to Nutrient Intake Recommendations: Proceedings of a Workshop—in Brief %D 2018 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/24989/global-harmonization-of-methodological-approaches-to-nutrient-intake-recommendations-proceedings %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/24989/global-harmonization-of-methodological-approaches-to-nutrient-intake-recommendations-proceedings %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Food and Nutrition %P 9 %X The Food and Nutrition Board of the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, in partnership with the Department of Nutrition for Health and Development of the World Health Organization and the Nutrition Division of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, convened a workshop to explore the evidence for achieving global harmonization of methodological approaches to establishing nutrient intake recommendations in September 2017. This publication briefly summarizes the presentations and discussions from the workshop. %0 Book %A Institute of Medicine %T Monitoring Metabolic Status: Predicting Decrements in Physiological and Cognitive Performance %@ 978-0-309-09159-6 %D 2004 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/10981/monitoring-metabolic-status-predicting-decrements-in-physiological-and-cognitive-performance %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/10981/monitoring-metabolic-status-predicting-decrements-in-physiological-and-cognitive-performance %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Behavioral and Social Sciences %K Health and Medicine %K Conflict and Security Issues %P 468 %X The U.S. military’s concerns about the individual combat service member’s ability to avoid performance degradation, in conjunction with the need to maintain both mental and physical capabilities in highly stressful situations, have led to and interest in developing methods by which commanders can monitor the status of the combat service members in the field. This report examines appropriate biological markers, monitoring technologies currently available and in need of development, and appropriate algorithms to interpret the data obtained in order to provide information for command decisions relative to the physiological “readiness” of each combat service member. More specifically, this report also provides responses to questions posed by the military relative to monitoring the metabolic regulation during prolonged, exhaustive efforts, where nutrition/hydration and repair mechanisms may be mismatched to intakes and rest, or where specific metabolic derangements are present. %0 Book %A National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine %E Pray, Leslie %E Yaktine, Ann L. %T Global Harmonization of Methodological Approaches to Nutrient Intake Recommendations: Proceedings of a Workshop %@ 978-0-309-47200-5 %D 2018 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/25023/global-harmonization-of-methodological-approaches-to-nutrient-intake-recommendations-proceedings %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/25023/global-harmonization-of-methodological-approaches-to-nutrient-intake-recommendations-proceedings %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Food and Nutrition %P 194 %X The National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine convened a public workshop in September 2017 to explore the evidence for achieving global harmonization of methodological approaches to establishing nutrient intake recommendations. Participants reviewed current nutrient intake recommendations, discussed the feasibility of harmonizing approaches to setting such recommendations globally, examined the development of principles by which they may be applied in diverse contexts that relate to individuals or populations, or regulatory purposes, and examined perceptions and acceptance of nutrient intake recommendations by different stakeholders. This publication summarizes the presentations and discussions from the workshop. %0 Book %A Institute of Medicine %E Stallings, Virginia A. %E Yaktine, Ann L. %T Nutrition Standards for Foods in Schools: Leading the Way Toward Healthier Youth %@ 978-0-309-10383-1 %D 2007 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/11899/nutrition-standards-for-foods-in-schools-leading-the-way-toward %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/11899/nutrition-standards-for-foods-in-schools-leading-the-way-toward %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Food and Nutrition %K Health and Medicine %P 296 %X Food choices and eating habits are learned from many sources. The school environment plays a significant role in teaching and modeling health behaviors. For some children, foods consumed at school can provide a major portion of their daily nutrient intake. Foods and beverages consumed at school can come from two major sources: (1) Federally funded programs that include the National School Lunch Program (NSLP), the School Breakfast Program (SBP), and after-school snacks and (2) competitive sources that include vending machines, &#34a la carte&#34 sales in the school cafeteria, or school stores and snack bars. Foods and beverages sold at school outside of the federally reimbursable school nutrition programs are referred to as “competitive foods” because they compete with the traditional school lunch as a nutrition source. There are important concerns about the contribution of nutrients and total calories from competitive foods to the daily diets of school-age children and adolescents. Nutrition Standards for Foods in Schools offers both reviews and recommendations about appropriate nutrition standards and guidance for the sale, content, and consumption of foods and beverages at school, with attention given to foods and beverages offered in competition with federally reimbursable meals and snacks. It is sure to be an invaluable resource to parents, federal and state government agencies, educators and schools, health care professionals, food manufacturers, industry trade groups, media, and those involved in consumer advocacy. %0 Book %A National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine %E Harrison, Meghan %T Nutrition During Pregnancy and Lactation: Exploring New Evidence: Proceedings of a Workshop %@ 978-0-309-67924-4 %D 2020 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/25841/nutrition-during-pregnancy-and-lactation-exploring-new-evidence-proceedings-of %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/25841/nutrition-during-pregnancy-and-lactation-exploring-new-evidence-proceedings-of %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Health and Medicine %K Food and Nutrition %P 202 %X The National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine last reviewed the state of the science on nutrition during pregnancy and lactation 30 years ago. The resulting consensus study reports from the Institute of Medicine—Nutrition During Pregnancy (IOM, 1990) and Nutrition During Lactation (IOM, 1991)—summarized the scientific evidence and provided nutrient recommendations. In the decades since the release of these two reports, the body of evidence on the relationships between nutrition during pregnancy and lactation and maternal and infant health and chronic disease has continued to grow and evolve. At the same time, the demographics of the population have shifted, giving rise to new considerations. To explore the evidence that has emerged, the National Academies conducted a 2-day workshop in January 2020. This publication summarizes the presentations and discussions from the workshop. %0 Book %A National Research Council %T Health Effects of Ingested Fluoride %@ 978-0-309-04975-7 %D 1993 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/2204/health-effects-of-ingested-fluoride %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/2204/health-effects-of-ingested-fluoride %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Environment and Environmental Studies %P 206 %X This book reviews the effects on health of fluoride ingested from various sources. Those health effects reviewed include dental fluorosis; bone fracture; effects on renal, reproductive, and gastrointestinal systems; and genotoxicity and carcinogenicity. The book also reviews the Environmental Protection Agency's current drinking-water standard for fluoride and considers future research needs. %0 Book %A National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine %T Redesigning the Process for Establishing the Dietary Guidelines for Americans %@ 978-0-309-46482-6 %D 2017 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/24883/redesigning-the-process-for-establishing-the-dietary-guidelines-for-americans %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/24883/redesigning-the-process-for-establishing-the-dietary-guidelines-for-americans %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Food and Nutrition %P 286 %X What foods should Americans eat to promote their health, and in what amounts? What is the scientific evidence that supports specific recommendations for dietary intake to reduce the risk of multifactorial chronic disease? These questions are critically important because dietary intake has been recognized to have a role as a key determinant of health. As the primary federal source of consistent, evidence-based information on dietary practices for optimal nutrition, the Dietary Guidelines for Americans (DGA) have the promise to empower Americans to make informed decisions about what and how much they eat to improve health and reduce the risk of chronic disease. The adoption and widespread translation of the DGA requires that they be universally viewed as valid, evidence-based, and free of bias and conflicts of interest to the extent possible. However, this has not routinely been the case. A first short report meant to inform the 2020 review cycle explored how the advisory committee selection process can be improved to provide more transparency, eliminate bias, and include committee members with a range of viewpoints. This second and final report recommends changes to the DGA process to reduce and manage sources of bias and conflicts of interest, improve timely opportunities for engagement by all interested parties, enhance transparency, and strengthen the science base of the process. %0 Book %A Institute of Medicine %E Hewitt, Maria %E Ganz, Patricia A. %T Implementing Cancer Survivorship Care Planning: Workshop Summary %@ 978-0-309-10318-3 %D 2007 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/11739/implementing-cancer-survivorship-care-planning-workshop-summary %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/11739/implementing-cancer-survivorship-care-planning-workshop-summary %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Health and Medicine %P 320 %X One of the key recommendations of the joint IOM and NRC book, From Cancer Patient to Cancer Survivor: Lost in Transition, is that patients completing their primary treatment for cancer be given a summary of their treatment and a comprehensive plan for follow-up. This book answers practical questions about how this "Survivorship Care Plan," including what exactly it should contain, who will be responsible for creating and discussing it, implementation strategies, and anticipated barriers and challenges. %0 Book %A National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine %E Pray, Leslie %T Nutrition Across the Lifespan for Healthy Aging: Proceedings of a Workshop %@ 978-0-309-45748-4 %D 2017 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/24735/nutrition-across-the-lifespan-for-healthy-aging-proceedings-of-a %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/24735/nutrition-across-the-lifespan-for-healthy-aging-proceedings-of-a %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Food and Nutrition %P 168 %X In September 2016, the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine convened a workshop to examine trends and patterns in aging and factors related to healthy aging in the United States, with a focus on nutrition, and how nutrition can sustain and promote healthy aging, not just in late adulthood, but beginning in pregnancy and early childhood and extending throughout the lifespan. Participants discussed the role of nutrition in the aging process at various stages in life, changes in organ systems over the lifespan and changes that occur with age related to cognitive, brain, and mental health, and explored opportunities to move forward in promoting healthy aging in the United States. This publication summarizes the presentations and discussions from the workshop. %0 Book %A National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine %E Stallings, Virginia A. %E Harrison, Meghan %E Oria, Maria %T Dietary Reference Intakes for Sodium and Potassium %@ 978-0-309-48834-1 %D 2019 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/25353/dietary-reference-intakes-for-sodium-and-potassium %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/25353/dietary-reference-intakes-for-sodium-and-potassium %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Food and Nutrition %P 594 %X As essential nutrients, sodium and potassium contribute to the fundamentals of physiology and pathology of human health and disease. In clinical settings, these are two important blood electrolytes, are frequently measured and influence care decisions. Yet, blood electrolyte concentrations are usually not influenced by dietary intake, as kidney and hormone systems carefully regulate blood values. Over the years, increasing evidence suggests that sodium and potassium intake patterns of children and adults influence long-term population health mostly through complex relationships among dietary intake, blood pressure and cardiovascular health. The public health importance of understanding these relationships, based upon the best available evidence and establishing recommendations to support the development of population clinical practice guidelines and medical care of patients is clear. This report reviews evidence on the relationship between sodium and potassium intakes and indicators of adequacy, toxicity, and chronic disease. It updates the Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs) using an expanded DRI model that includes consideration of chronic disease endpoints, and outlines research gaps to address the uncertainties identified in the process of deriving the reference values and evaluating public health implications. %0 Book %A Institute of Medicine %T Proposed Criteria for Selecting the WIC Food Packages: A Preliminary Report of the Committee to Review the WIC Food Packages %@ 978-0-309-09298-2 %D 2004 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/11078/proposed-criteria-for-selecting-the-wic-food-packages-a-preliminary %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/11078/proposed-criteria-for-selecting-the-wic-food-packages-a-preliminary %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Food and Nutrition %P 132 %X Started in 1974, the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) was designed to meet the special nutritional needs of low-income pregnant, breastfeeding, or postpartum women; infants; and children up to 5 years of age who have at least one nutritional risk factor. The WIC Program provides three main benefits: supplemental foods, nutrition education, and referrals to health and social services. Since the inception of the WIC program, substantial changes in size and demographics of the population, food supply and dietary patterns, and health concerns have made it necessary to review the WIC food packages. Proposed Criteria for Selecting the WIC Food Packages proposes priority nutrients and general nutrition recommendations for the WIC program, and recommends specific changes to the WIC packages. %0 Book %A Institute of Medicine %T Committee on Military Nutrition Research: Activity Report 1994-1999 %@ 978-0-309-06585-6 %D 1999 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/9633/committee-on-military-nutrition-research-activity-report-1994-1999 %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/9633/committee-on-military-nutrition-research-activity-report-1994-1999 %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Food and Nutrition %K Health and Medicine %P 304 %X The activities of the Food and Nutrition Board's Committee on Military Nutrition Research (CMNR, the committee) have been supported since 1994 by grant DAMD17-94-J-4046 from the U.S. Army Medical Research and Materiel Command (USAMRMC). This report fulfills the final reporting requirement of the grant, and presents a summary of activities for the grant period from December 1, 1994 through May 31, 1999. During this grant period, the CMNR has met from three to six times each year in response to issues that are brought to the committee through the Military Nutrition and Biochemistry Division of the U.S. Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine at Natick, Massachusetts, and the Military Operational Medicine Program of USAMRMC at Fort Detrick, Maryland. The CMNR has submitted five workshop reports (plus two preliminary reports), including one that is a joint project with the Subcommittee on Body Composition, Nutrition, and Health of Military Women; three letter reports, and one brief report, all with recommendations, to the Commander, U.S. Army Medical Research and Materiel Command, since September 1995 and has a brief report currently in preparation. These reports are summarized in the following activity report with synopses of additional topics for which reports were deferred pending completion of military research in progress. This activity report includes as appendixes the conclusions and recommendations from the nine reports and has been prepared in a fashion to allow rapid access to committee recommendations on the topics covered over the time period.