@BOOK{NAP title = "Nutritional Energetics of Domestic Animals and Glossary of Energy Terms", isbn = "978-0-309-03127-1", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/1670/nutritional-energetics-of-domestic-animals-and-glossary-of-energy-terms", year = 1981, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "Institute of Medicine", editor = "Bernadette M. Marriott", title = "Nutritional Needs in Hot Environments: Applications for Military Personnel in Field Operations", isbn = "978-0-309-04840-8", abstract = "This volume examines the current state of knowledge concerning the influence of a hot environment on nutrient requirements of military personnel. A parallel concern is ensuring that performance does not decline as a result of inadequate nutrition.\nThe committee provides a thorough review of the literature in this area and interprets the diverse data in terms of military applications. In addition to a focus on specific nutrient needs in hot climates, the committee considers factors that might change food intake patterns and therefore overall calories. Although concern for adequate nutrition for U.S. soldiers in Saudi Arabia prompted the initiation of this project, its scope includes the nutrient needs of individuals who may be actively working in both hot-dry and hot-moist climates.", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/2094/nutritional-needs-in-hot-environments-applications-for-military-personnel-in", year = 1993, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "National Research Council", title = "Status of Research in Underwater Physiology, Prepared for the Office of Naval Research, Washington, D. C. by the Physiology Group, Panel on Underwater Swimmers, Committee on Undersea Warfare", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/18536/status-of-research-in-underwater-physiology-prepared-for-the-office-of-naval-research-washington-d-c-by-the-physiology-group-panel-on-underwater-swimmers-committee-on-undersea-warfare", year = 1956, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "National Research Council", title = "Guidelines for the Humane Transportation of Research Animals", isbn = "978-0-309-10110-3", abstract = "Arranging the transportation of animals at research facilities is often an\nordeal. There is a confusing patchwork of local, national, and international\nregulations; a perceived lack of high-quality shipping services; a dearth of\nscience-based good practices; and a lack of biosafety standards. It\u2019s a challenge\n\u2014and an impediment to biomedical research. Guidelines for the\nHumane Transportation of Research Animals identifies the current problems\nencountered in the transportation of research animals and offers recommendations\naimed at local and federal officials to rectify these problems.\nThis book also includes a set of good practices based on the extensive body\nof literature on transportation of agricultural animals, universal concepts of\nphysiology, and a scientific understanding of species-specific needs and differences.\nGood practices were developed by the committee to address\nthermal environment, space requirements, food and water requirements,\nsocial interaction, monitoring of transportation, emergency procedures,\npersonnel training, and biosecurity. Guidelines for the Humane Transportation\nof Research Animals is an essential guide for all researchers, animal care\ntechnicians, facilities managers, administrators, and animal care and use\ncommittees at research institutions.", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/11557/guidelines-for-the-humane-transportation-of-research-animals", year = 2006, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine", title = "Rapid Expert Consultation on Social Distancing for the COVID-19 Pandemic (March 19, 2020)", abstract = "This rapid expert consultation responds to a request from the Office of Science and Technology Policy (OSTP) concerning the effectiveness and costs of social distancing measures in contending with COVID-19.\n\nThe National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine convened a standing committee of experts to help inform OSTP on critical science and policy issues related to emerging infectious diseases and other public health threats. The standing committee includes members with expertise in emerging infectious diseases, public health, public health preparedness and response, biological sciences, clinical care and crisis standards of care, risk communication, and regulatory issues.", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/25753/rapid-expert-consultation-on-social-distancing-for-the-covid-19-pandemic-march-19-2020", year = 2020, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "Institute of Medicine", editor = "Bernadette M. Marriott and Sydne J. Carlson", title = "Nutritional Needs in Cold and High-Altitude Environments: Applications for Military Personnel in Field Operations", isbn = "978-0-309-05484-3", abstract = "This book reviews the research pertaining to nutrient requirements for working in cold or in high-altitude environments and states recommendations regarding the application of this information to military operational rations. It addresses whether, aside from increased energy demands, cold or high-altitude environments elicit an increased demand or requirement for specific nutrients, and whether performance in cold or high-altitude environments can be enhanced by the provision of increased amounts of specific nutrients.", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/5197/nutritional-needs-in-cold-and-high-altitude-environments-applications-for", year = 1996, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "National Research Council", title = "Effect of Environment on Nutrient Requirements of Domestic Animals", isbn = "978-0-309-03181-3", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/4963/effect-of-environment-on-nutrient-requirements-of-domestic-animals", year = 1981, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "Institute of Medicine", title = "Monitoring Metabolic Status: Predicting Decrements in Physiological and Cognitive Performance", isbn = "978-0-309-09159-6", abstract = "The U.S. military\u2019s concerns about the individual combat service member\u2019s ability to avoid performance degradation, in conjunction with the need to maintain both mental and physical capabilities in highly stressful situations, have led to and interest in developing methods by which commanders can monitor the status of the combat service members in the field. This report examines appropriate biological markers, monitoring technologies currently available and in need of development, and appropriate algorithms to interpret the data obtained in order to provide information for command decisions relative to the physiological \u201creadiness\u201d of each combat service member. More specifically, this report also provides responses to questions posed by the military relative to monitoring the metabolic regulation during prolonged, exhaustive efforts, where nutrition\/hydration and repair mechanisms may be mismatched to intakes and rest, or where specific metabolic derangements are present. \n", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/10981/monitoring-metabolic-status-predicting-decrements-in-physiological-and-cognitive-performance", year = 2004, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "National Research Council", title = "Soldier Protective Clothing and Equipment: Feasibility of Chemical Testing Using a Fully Articulated Robotic Mannequin", isbn = "978-0-309-10933-8", abstract = "There is an ongoing need to test and ensure effectiveness of personal protective equipment that soldiers use to protect themselves against chemical warfare agents. However, testing using human subjects presents major challenges and current human-size thermal mannequins have limited testing capabilities. The U.S. Department of Defense (DOD) along with their counterparts from other countries are seeking to develop more human like mannequins, which would include features like human motion, in order to carry out more advanced chemical testing. At the request of DOD Product Director, Test Equipment, Strategy and Support, the National Research Council formed an ad hoc committee to evaluate the feasibility of developing an advanced humanoid robot, or Protection Ensemble Test Mannequin (PETMAN) system that meets the DOD requirements. The book concludes that although most of the individual requirements can technically be met, fulfilling all of the requirements is currently not possible. Based on this conclusion the committee recommends that DOD considers three issues, prioritization of current system requirements, use qualified contractor for particular technical aspects, incorporate complementary testing approaches to the PETMAN system. ", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/11959/soldier-protective-clothing-and-equipment-feasibility-of-chemical-testing-using", year = 2008, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "National Research Council", editor = "L. H. Newburgh and Milton Harris", title = "Clothing Test Methods, Edited by L.H. Newburgh (Physiological Tests) and Milton Harris (Physical Tests) of Subcommittee on Clothing of the National Research Council (U.S.A.)", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/18651/clothing-test-methods-edited-by-lh-newburgh-physiological-tests-and-milton-harris-physical-tests-of-subcommittee-on-clothing-of-the-national-research-council-usa", year = 1945, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "National Research Council", title = "Research for a Future in Space: The Role of Life and Physical Sciences", abstract = "During its more than 50-year history, NASA's success in human space exploration has depended on the agency's ability to effectively address a wide range of biomedical, engineering, physical sciences, and related obstacles. This achievement is made possible by NASA's strong and productive commitments to life and physical sciences research for human space exploration, and by its use of human space exploration infrastructures for scientific discovery.\n\nResearch for a Future in Space: The Role of Life and Physical Sciences explains how unique characteristics of the space environment can be used to address complex problems in the life and physical sciences. This booklet also helps deliver both new knowledge and practical benefits for humankind as it embarks on a new era of space exploration.\n \nResearch for a Future in Space: The Role of Life and Physical Sciences is based on the in depth report, Recapturing a Future for Space Exploration: Life and Physical Sciences Research for a New Era. To learn more about the future of space exploration, visit our catalog page and download this report for free.\n ", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/13450/research-for-a-future-in-space-the-role-of-life", year = 2012, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "Institute of Medicine", title = "Committee on Military Nutrition Research: Activity Report 1992-1994", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/9169/committee-on-military-nutrition-research-activity-report-1992-1994", year = 1994, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "National Research Council", title = "Recognition and Alleviation of Distress in Laboratory Animals", isbn = "978-0-309-10817-1", abstract = "Scientific advances in our understanding of animal physiology and behavior often require theories to be revised and standards of practice to be updated to improve laboratory animal welfare. This new book from the Institute for Laboratory Animal Research (ILAR) at the National Research Council, Recognition and Alleviation of Distress in Laboratory Animals, focuses on the stress and distress which is experienced by animals when used in laboratory research. This book aims to educate laboratory animal veterinarians; students, researchers, and investigators; animal care staff, as well as animal welfare officers on the current scientific and ethical issues associated with stress and distress in laboratory animals. It evaluates pertinent scientific literature to generate practical and pragmatic guidelines. Recognition and Alleviation of Distress in Laboratory Animals focuses specifically on the scientific understanding of the causes and the functions of stress and distress, the transformation of stress to distress, and the identification of principles for the recognition and alleviation of distress. This book discusses the role of humane endpoints in situations of distress and principles for the minimization of distress in laboratory animals. It also identifies areas in which further scientific investigation is needed to improve laboratory animal welfare in order to adhere to scientific and ethical principles that promote humane care and practice.", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/11931/recognition-and-alleviation-of-distress-in-laboratory-animals", year = 2008, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "National Research Council", title = "Predicting Feed Intake of Food-Producing Animals", isbn = "978-0-309-03695-5", abstract = "How much do animals eat? Why do eating patterns change? How do physiological, dietary, and environmental factors affect feed intake? This volume, a comprehensive overview of the latest animal feed intake research, answers these questions with detailed information about the feeding patterns of fishes, pigs, poultry, dairy cows, beef cattle, and sheep. Equations for calculating predicted feed intake are presented for each animal and are accompanied by charts, graphs, and tables.", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/950/predicting-feed-intake-of-food-producing-animals", year = 1987, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "National Research Council", title = "Education and Training in the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals: A Guide for Developing Institutional Programs", isbn = "978-0-309-04382-3", abstract = "Federal law now requires that institutions provide training for anyone caring for or using laboratory animals. This volume provides the guidelines and resources needed to coordinate a quality training program, as well as to meet all legal requirements.\nA core module for all personnel takes no more than four hours to present. Most staff then proceed to one or more additional skills-development modules including the species-specific module that can be customized to any species in use at the institution, the pain management module, and the surgery module.\nThe volume provides content information for required topics\u2014from ethics to record keeping\u2014and lists sources of additional publications, audiovisual programs, and computerized teaching aids.\nIncluded are:\n\n Ready-to-use teaching outlines, with detailed instructions for presenting material.\n Practical guidelines on logistics, covering scheduling, budgeting, and more.\n Guidelines on how to design training for adults and how to work with investigators who may resist taking training courses.\n\nThis practical guidebook will be necessary for research institutions, particularly for staff members responsible for training coordination.", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/1592/education-and-training-in-the-care-and-use-of-laboratory-animals", year = 1991, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "National Research Council", title = "Analysis of the Exposure Levels and Potential Biologic Effects of the PAVE PAWS Radar System", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/19885/analysis-of-the-exposure-levels-and-potential-biologic-effects-of-the-pave-paws-radar-system", year = 1979, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "National Research Council", title = "Guidelines for the Care and Use of Mammals in Neuroscience and Behavioral Research", isbn = "978-0-309-08903-6", abstract = "Expanding on the National Research Council\u2019s Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals, this book deals specifically with mammals in neuroscience and behavioral research laboratories. It offers flexible guidelines for the care of these animals, and guidance on adapting these guidelines to various situations without hindering the research process. Guidelines for the Care and Use of Mammals in Neuroscience and Behavioral Research offers a more in-depth treatment of concerns specific to these disciplines than any previous guide on animal care and use. It treats on such important subjects as:\n\n\tThe important role that the researcher and veterinarian play in developing animal protocols.\n\tMethods for assessing and ensuring an animal\u2019s well-being. \n\tGeneral animal-care elements as they apply to neuroscience and behavioral research, and common animal welfare challenges this research can pose.\n\nThe use of professional judgment and careful interpretation of regulations and guidelines to develop performance standards ensuring animal well-being and high-quality research.\nGuidelines for the Care and Use of Mammals in Neuroscience and Behavioral Research treats the development and evaluation of animal-use protocols as a decision-making process, not just a decision. To this end, it presents the most current, in-depth information about the best practices for animal care and use, as they pertain to the intricacies of neuroscience and behavioral research.\n", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/10732/guidelines-for-the-care-and-use-of-mammals-in-neuroscience-and-behavioral-research", year = 2003, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP editor = "Beverly Winikoff and Suzanne Wymelenberg", title = "The Whole Truth About Contraception: A Guide to Safe and Effective Choices", isbn = "978-0-309-05494-2", abstract = "What birth control method is most reliable? Can contraceptives protect me from AIDS? How can I choose the method that's best for me? Finding the answers to these and other questions about birth control can be tough. On the one hand, today's sexually active person has many contraceptive options. On the other hand, each option has pluses and minuses that must be weighed.\nFor teenagers especially, asking questions about birth control can be awkward and difficult. Yet teenagers may be in greatest need of the facts.\nWhile there is no \"right\" method for everyone, The Whole Truth About Contraception is the right book for anyone making decisions about contraception\u2014men and women, from teenagers to middle-agers. It illustrates male and female anatomy and explains how conception occurs. The book carefully describes the birth control methods available today: barrier (such as condoms and diaphragms), hormonal (the Pill and Norplant), intrauterine devices, surgical sterilization, and other approaches such as the \"rhythm\" method and breastfeeding as a contraceptive.\nFor each method the authors discuss how well it prevents pregnancy, its potential effects on the user's health, and common problems. Illustrated \"how to\" sections are provided, and the authors comment on how each method typically affects sexual experience. The book also discusses how birth control products can be obtained and their cost.\nPrecautions, tips on usage, and other features throughout the book will help each reader decide what type of contraception is best for his or her age, personal preferences, and situation in life.\nThe Whole Truth About Contraception gives up-to-date information on new products, such as the female condom and the nonlatex male condom. The book provides details about contraception and sexually transmitted diseases, with an emphasis on AIDS.\nAlso offered is an expanded discussion of \"emergency\" contraception, designed for use after unprotected sex. The book includes a full and factual discussion of abortion.\nContraception may be the most important and deeply personal choice anyone has to make. This book provides the straight facts that will make the decision easier\u2014and the results better for everyone.", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/5281/the-whole-truth-about-contraception-a-guide-to-safe-and", year = 1997, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "Institute of Medicine", title = "Fluid Replacement and Heat Stress", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/9071/fluid-replacement-and-heat-stress", year = 1994, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "National Research Council", editor = "Carl Sagan", title = "Organic Matter and the Moon, by Carl Sagan", abstract = "The immediate future seems to hold both the promise and the responsibility of extensive contact between man-made objects and the Moon.\nCurrent United States plans tentatively call for the soft landing on the Moon of instrumentation designed to detect indigenous organisms or organic matter, possibly in a roving vehicle, by 1964-67 in the Surveyor and Prospector Programs. The Soviet Union apparently has the capability of performing similar experiments at an earlier date. It is clear that positive results would give significant information on such problems as the early history of the Solar System, the chemical composition of matter in the remote past, the origin of life on Earth, and the distribution of life beyond the Earth. By the same token, biological contamination of the Moon would represent an unparalleled scientific disaster, eliminating possible approaches to these problems. Because of the Moon's unique situation as a large unweathered body at an intermediate distance from the Sun, scientific opportunities lost on the Moon may not be recoupable elsewhere.\nThis monograph is concerned with the possibility of finding indigenous lunar organisms or organic matter, and with the possibility of their contamination by deposited terrestrial organisms or organic matter.", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/18476/organic-matter-and-the-moon-by-carl-sagan", year = 1961, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" }