TY - BOOK AU - Transportation Research Board AU - National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine A2 - Aarion Franklin A2 - Elizabeth Bechtel A2 - Emily Webb A2 - Janai Williams A2 - Amy Wiles TI - Inclusive Public Participation in Transit Decision-Making DO - 10.17226/26940 PY - 2023 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/26940/inclusive-public-participation-in-transit-decision-making PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Transportation and Infrastructure AB - Each transit agency must integrate into its public participation plan the strategies, procedures, and outcomes that will ensure participation of their entire communities, including people of color, people with disabilities, and low-income populations, among others, when dealing with its transportation planning issues. This requirement is established under federal laws and regulations. The TRB Transit Cooperative Research Program's TCRP Synthesis 170: Inclusive Public Participation in Transit Decision-Making documents current, effective, ongoing public participation mechanisms resulting in, and instilling participation from, communities of color; communities with limited English-language proficiency and low-income populations; and people with disabilities. ER - TY - BOOK TI - Who Are These People?: A Guide for Child Care Professionals DO - 10.17226/10696 PY - 2003 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/10696/who-are-these-people-a-guide-for-child-care-professionals PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Behavioral and Social Sciences AB - As children spend an increasing portion of their day outside the home, it has become even more important that they are consistently exposed to positive and productive experiences, especially during their formative years. High-quality care is no longer a plus—it's a must. With the goal of making daily caregiving easier and more enjoyable, the National Academies and the McCormick Tribune Foundation have partnered to produce this useful and informative booklet. Based on key findings described in two recent reports on early childhood development and education from the National Academies—From Neurons to Neighborhoods: The Science of Early Childhood Development and Eager to Learn: Educating Our Preschoolers—it offers helpful suggestions and practical guidance to child care providers, educators, and even interested parents. Concentrating specifically on infants, toddlers, and preschoolers, Who Are These People?: A Guide for Child Care Professionals provides information and inspiration to everyone who interacts with young children on a regular basis. Copies are available free of charge in English or Spanish. Get yours today by phoning Customer Service toll free at 1-800-624-6242. ER - TY - BOOK A2 - Diane August A2 - Kenji Hakuta TI - Educating Language-Minority Children SN - DO - 10.17226/6025 PY - 1998 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/6025/educating-language-minority-children PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Education AB - In the past 30 years, a large and growing number of students in U.S. schools have come from homes in which the language background is other than English. These students present unique challenges for America's education system. Based on Improving Schooling for Language-Minority Children, a comprehensive study published in 1997, this book summarizes for teachers and education policymakers what has been learned over the past three decades about educating such students. It discusses a broad range of educational issues: how students learn a second language; how reading and writing skills develop in the first and second languages; how information on specific subjects (for example, biology) is stored and learned and the implications for second-language learners; how social and motivational factors affect learning for English-language learners; how the English proficiency and subject matter knowledge of English-language learners are assessed; and what is known about the attributes of effective schools and classrooms that serve English-language learners. ER - TY - BOOK TI - Survey Summary: Students and Scholars From the People's Republic of China in the United States, August 1981 DO - 10.17226/19688 PY - 1981 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/19688/survey-summary-students-and-scholars-from-the-peoples-republic-of PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - KW - Education ER - TY - BOOK TI - Language and Machines: Computers in Translation and Linguistics DO - 10.17226/20813 PY - 1966 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/20813/language-and-machines-computers-in-translation-and-linguistics PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - KW - Engineering and Technology ER - TY - BOOK AU - National Research Council A2 - Lauress L. Wise A2 - Robert M. Hauser A2 - Karen J. Mitchell A2 - Michael J. Feuer TI - Evaluation of the Voluntary National Tests: Phase 1 SN - DO - 10.17226/6324 PY - 1999 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/6324/evaluation-of-the-voluntary-national-tests-phase-1 PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Education AB - In his 1997 State of the Union address, President Clinton announced a federal initiative to develop tests of 4th-grade reading and 8th-grade mathematics that would provide reliable information about student performance at two key points in their educational careers. According to the U.S. Department of Education, the Voluntary National Tests (VNT) would create a catalyst for continued school improvement by focusing parental and community-wide attention on achievement and would become new tools to hold school systems accountable for their students' performance. The National Assessment Governing Board (NAGB) has responsibility for development of the VNT. Congress recognized that a testing program of the scale and magnitude of the VNT initiative raises many important technical questions and requires quality control throughout development and implementation. In P.L. 105-78, Congress called on the National Research Council (NRC) to evaluate a series of technical issues pertaining to the validity of test items, the validity of proposed links between the VNT and the National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP), plans for the accommodation and inclusion of students with disabilities and English-language learners, plans for reporting test information to parents and the public, and potential uses of the tests. This report covers phase 1 of the evaluation (November 1997-July 1998) and focuses on three principal issues: test specifications and frameworks; preliminary evidence of the quality of test items; and plans for the pilot and field test studies, for inclusion and accommodation, and for reporting VNT results. ER - TY - BOOK AU - National Research Council A2 - Michael M. Meyer A2 - Stephen E. Fienberg TI - Assessing Evaluation Studies: The Case of Bilingual Education Strategies SN - DO - 10.17226/2014 PY - 1992 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/2014/assessing-evaluation-studies-the-case-of-bilingual-education-strategies PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Education AB - Bilingual education has long been the subject of major disagreements in this country. This book provides a detailed critique of the two largest studies of U.S. bilingual education programs. It examines the goals of the studies and what can be learned from them. In addition, using these studies as cases, this book provides guidelines on how to plan large evaluation studies to achieve useful answers to major policy questions about education. ER - TY - BOOK TI - Language and Machines: Computers in Translation and Linguistics DO - 10.17226/9547 PY - 1966 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/9547/language-and-machines-computers-in-translation-and-linguistics PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Engineering and Technology ER - TY - BOOK AU - National Research Council A2 - Alexandra Beatty TI - Common Standards for K-12 Education?: Considering the Evidence: Summary of a Workshop Series SN - DO - 10.17226/12462 PY - 2008 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/12462/common-standards-for-k-12-education-considering-the-evidence-summary PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Education AB - Standards-based accountability has become a central feature of the public education system in each state and is a theme of national discussions about how achievement for all students can be improved and achievement gaps narrowed. Questions remain, however, about the implementation of standards and accountability systems and about whether their potential benefits have been fully realized. Each of the 50 states has adopted its own set of standards, and though there is overlap among them, there is also wide variation in the ways states have devised and implemented their systems. This variety may have both advantages and disadvantages, but it nevertheless raises a fundamental question: Is the establishment of common K-12 academic standards, which states could voluntarily adopt, the logical next step for standards-based reform? The goal of this book is not to answer the policy question of whether or not common standards would be a good idea. Rather, the book provides an objective look at the available evidence regarding the ways in which standards are currently functioning, the strategies that might be used to pursue common standards, and the issues that doing so might present. ER - TY - BOOK AU - Transportation Research Board AU - National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine TI - Transit Agency Compliance with Title VI: Limited English Proficiency Requirements DO - 10.17226/14476 PY - 2011 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/14476/transit-agency-compliance-with-title-vi-limited-english-proficiency-requirements PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Transportation and Infrastructure AB - TRB’s Transit Cooperative Research Program (TCRP) Research Results Digest 97: Transit Agency Compliance with Title VI: Limited English Proficiency Requirements explores the legal issues associated with transit operators’ limited English proficiency (LEP) compliance efforts. The digest is designed to serve as a single source of information concerning the development and current status of transit LEP implementation efforts by state and local legislative and operational bodies. ER - TY - BOOK AU - National Research Council A2 - Barry Edmonston TI - Statistics on U.S. Immigration: An Assessment of Data Needs for Future Research SN - DO - 10.17226/4942 PY - 1996 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/4942/statistics-on-us-immigration-an-assessment-of-data-needs-for PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Behavioral and Social Sciences AB - The growing importance of immigration in the United States today prompted this examination of the adequacy of U.S. immigration data. This volume summarizes data needs in four areas: immigration trends, assimilation and impacts, labor force issues, and family and social networks. It includes recommendations on additional sources for the data needed for program and research purposes, and new questions and refinements of questions within existing data sources to improve the understanding of immigration and immigrant trends. ER - TY - BOOK TI - Memoir: Upon the Formation of a Deaf Variety of the Human Race DO - 10.17226/27456 PY - 1883 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/27456/memoir-upon-the-formation-of-a-deaf-variety-of-the PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English ER - TY - BOOK TI - Improving Social Science in the Former Soviet Union: The U.S. Role DO - 10.17226/10465 PY - 1992 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/10465/improving-social-science-in-the-former-soviet-union-the-us PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - ER - TY - BOOK AU - National Research Council A2 - Lauress L. Wise A2 - Richard J. Noeth A2 - Judith A. Koenig TI - Evaluation of the Voluntary National Tests, Year 2: Final Report SN - DO - 10.17226/9684 PY - 1999 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/9684/evaluation-of-the-voluntary-national-tests-year-2-final-report PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Education AB - In his 1997 State of the Union address, President Clinton announced a federal initiative to develop tests of 4th-grade reading and 8th-grade mathematics that could be administered on a voluntary basis by states and school districts beginning in spring 1999. The principal purpose of the Voluntary National Tests (VNT) is to provide parents and teachers with systematic and reliable information about the verbal and quantitative skills that students have achieved at two key points in their educational careers. The U.S. Department of Education anticipated that this information would serve as a catalyst for continued school improvement, by focusing parental and community attention on achievement and by providing an additional tool to hold school systems accountable for their students' performance in relation to nationwide standards. Shortly after initial development work on the VNT, Congress transferred responsibility for VNT policies, direction, and guidelines from the department to the National Assessment Governing Board (NAGB, the governing body for the National Assessment of Educational Progress). Test development activities were to continue, but Congress prohibited pilot and field testing and operational use of the VNT pending further consideration. At the same time, Congress called on the National Research Council (NRC) to assess the VNT development activities. Since the evaluation began, the NRC has issued three reports on VNT development: an interim and final report on the first year's work and an interim report earlier on this second year's work. This final report includes the findings and recommendations from the interim report, modified by new information and analysis, and presents our overall conclusions and recommendations regarding the VNT. ER - TY - BOOK AU - National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine A2 - Erin Hammers Forstag TI - Taking Stock of Science Standards Implementation: Proceedings of a Virtual Summit SN - DO - 10.17226/26549 PY - 2022 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/26549/taking-stock-of-science-standards-implementation-proceedings-of-a-virtual PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Education AB - On October 14 and 15, and December 8, 2021, the Board on Science Education at the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine held a virtual Summit entitled Taking Stock of Science Standards Implementation. Participants explored the landscape of state science standards implementation, identified where there have been successes and challenges, and determined next steps and the resources needed for continuing or re-invigorating implementation efforts. This publication summarizes the presentations and discussion of the event. ER - TY - BOOK AU - National Research Council A2 - M. Susan Burns A2 - Peg Griffin A2 - Catherine E. Snow TI - Starting Out Right: A Guide to Promoting Children's Reading Success SN - DO - 10.17226/6014 PY - 1999 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/6014/starting-out-right-a-guide-to-promoting-childrens-reading-success PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Education AB - A devastatingly large number of people in America cannot read as well as they need for success in life. With literacy problems plaguing as many as four in ten children in America, this book discusses how best to help children succeed in reading. This book identifies the most important questions and explores the authoritative answers on the topic of how children can grow into readers, including: What are the key elements all children need in order to become good readers? What can parents and caregivers provide all children so that they are prepared for reading instruction by the time that they get to school? What concepts about language and literacy should be included in beginning reading instruction? How can we prevent reading difficulties starting with infants and into the early grades? What to ask school boards, principals, elected officials, and other policy makers who make decisions regarding early reading instruction. You'll find out how to help youngsters build word recognition, avoid comprehension problems, and more—with checklists of specific accomplishments to be expected at different ages: for very young children, for kindergarten students, and for first, second, and third grade students. Included are 55 activities to do with children to help them become successful readers, a list of recommended children's books, and a guide to CD-ROMs and websites. Great strides have been made recently toward identifying the best ways to teach children to read. Starting Out Right provides a wealth of knowledge based on a summary of extensive research. It is a "must read" for specialists in primary education as well as parents, pediatricians, child care providers, tutors, literacy advocates, policy makers, and teachers. ER - TY - BOOK AU - National Research Council TI - Saragosa, Texas, Tornado May 22, 1987: An Evaluation of the Warning System SN - DO - 10.17226/1766 PY - 1991 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/1766/saragosa-texas-tornado-may-22-1987-an-evaluation-of-the PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Earth Sciences AB - The small community of Saragosa, Texas, was devastated by a violent multiple-vortex tornado on Friday, May 22, 1987. Despite the extensive warning dissemination efforts, which are documented in this book, the overall warning system in Saragosa failed to reach most of the residents in time for them to take effective safety measures. The primary purpose of this book is to combine the information provided by the respondents to a postdisaster survey with the facts surrounding the tornado in order to understand and evaluate the severe weather warning procedures used in Reeves County, Texas, where Saragosa is located. The evaluation of this survey is intended to determine ways of adjusting existing warning systems and better prepare the citizens, public officials, and news media in Reeves County, as well as in every city, county, and township where severe weather threatens lives and property. ER - TY - BOOK AU - Transportation Research Board AU - National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine A2 - Mary Vigilante TI - Economic and Social Sustainability at Airports DO - 10.17226/25408 PY - 2019 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/25408/economic-and-social-sustainability-at-airports PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Transportation and Infrastructure AB - TRB’s Airport Cooperative Research Program (ACRP) Conference Proceedings on the Web 23: Economic and Social Sustainability at Airports is a compilation of the presentations and a summary of the ensuing discussions at May 7-8, 2018, forum in Washington, D.C.The meeting brought together individuals from airports, airlines, academia, consulting, local and regional government, general sustainability professionals, and others. The forum included sessions on social sustainability, economic sustainability, keynotes on mitigating human trafficking and innovative development at airports, and interactive breakout discussions delving into myriad social and economic sustainability topics.ACRP organized the event as part of its series of convening activities titled “ACRP Insight Events.” ACRP Insight Events are forums that foster dialogue among professionals across sectors, institutions, and industries.ACRP Insight Events convene airport industry leaders and subject matter experts in various fields to encourage discussion and promote broader and deeper insight on topics of significance to airport operators. These in-depth, face-to-face gatherings are designed to promote communication and collaboration, foster innovation, and help identify areas of future interest and research, especially for topics of emerging importance.Copies of the slides of presentations made at the form are available online. The literature review prepared for the event is also available online. ER - TY - BOOK AU - Transportation Research Board AU - National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine A2 - Mary Vigilante TI - Economic and Social Sustainability at Airports DO - 10.17226/25597 PY - 2019 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/25597/economic-and-social-sustainability-at-airports PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Transportation and Infrastructure AB - TRB’s Airport Cooperative Research Program (ACRP) Conference Proceedings on the Web 23: Economic and Social Sustainability at Airports is a compilation of the presentations and a summary of the ensuing discussions at May 7-8, 2018, forum in Washington, D.C.The meeting brought together individuals from airports, airlines, academia, consulting, local and regional government, general sustainability professionals, and others. The forum included sessions on social sustainability, economic sustainability, keynotes on mitigating human trafficking and innovative development at airports, and interactive breakout discussions delving into myriad social and economic sustainability topics.ACRP organized the event as part of its series of convening activities titled “ACRP Insight Events.” ACRP Insight Events are forums that foster dialogue among professionals across sectors, institutions, and industries.ACRP Insight Events convene airport industry leaders and subject matter experts in various fields to encourage discussion and promote broader and deeper insight on topics of significance to airport operators. These in-depth, face-to-face gatherings are designed to promote communication and collaboration, foster innovation, and help identify areas of future interest and research, especially for topics of emerging importance.Copies of the slides of presentations made at the form are available online. The literature review prepared for the event is also available online. ER - TY - BOOK AU - Transportation Research Board AU - National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine TI - Driver Selection Tests and Measurement DO - 10.17226/14632 PY - 2012 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/14632/driver-selection-tests-and-measurement PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Transportation and Infrastructure AB - TRB’s Commercial Truck and Bus Safety Synthesis Program (CTBSSP) Synthesis 21: Driver Selection Tests and Measurement synthesizes information on the use of tests, measurements, and other assessment methods used by commercial truck and bus companies in the driver selection process. The report also identifies and describes driver selection methods and instruments and their potential usefulness in predicting driver crash risk. ER - TY - BOOK AU - Transportation Research Board AU - National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine A2 - Mary Ellen Eagan A2 - Bradley Nicholas A2 - Scott McIntosh A2 - Charlotte Clark A2 - Gary Evans TI - Assessing Aircraft Noise Conditions Affecting Student Learning–Case Studies DO - 10.17226/24941 PY - 2017 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/24941/assessing-aircraft-noise-conditions-affecting-student-learning-case-studies PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Transportation and Infrastructure AB - TRB's Airport Cooperative Research Program (ACRP) Web-Only Document 34: Assessing Aircraft Noise Conditions Affecting Student Learning–Case Studies attempts to determine how the behaviors of students and teachers are affected by aircraft noise exposure. The report identifies metrics that define the level and characteristics of aircraft noise that impact student achievement. It also develops guidance for use by decision makers on how to reduce the impact of aircraft noise on student achievement. The report is accompanied by a brochure on the Effects of Aircraft Noise on Student Learning. ER - TY - BOOK AU - Transportation Research Board AU - National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine TI - Access to International Transportation Research Information DO - 10.17226/22435 PY - 2014 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/22435/access-to-international-transportation-research-information PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Transportation and Infrastructure AB - TRB Conference Proceedings on the Web 13: Access to International Transportation Research Information summarizes the results of a September 2012 conference that explored new and innovative practices of information sharing that could benefit the U.S. transportation community. The conference also addressed strategies for the exchange of international research information that could augment the breadth and depth of the Transport Research International Documentation (TRID) database. ER - TY - BOOK AU - National Research Council A2 - Donald J. Hernandez TI - Children of Immigrants: Health, Adjustment, and Public Assistance SN - DO - 10.17226/9592 PY - 1999 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/9592/children-of-immigrants-health-adjustment-and-public-assistance PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Behavioral and Social Sciences AB - Immigrant children and youth are the fastest-growing segment of the U.S. population, and so their prospects bear heavily on the well-being of the country. Children of Immigrants represents some of the very best and most extensive research efforts to date on the circumstances, health, and development of children in immigrant families and the delivery of health and social services to these children and their families. This book presents new, detailed analyses of more than a dozen existing datasets that constitute a large share of the national system for monitoring the health and well-being of the U.S. population. Prior to these new analyses, few of these datasets had been used to assess the circumstances of children in immigrant families. The analyses enormously expand the available knowledge about the physical and mental health status and risk behaviors, educational experiences and outcomes, and socioeconomic and demographic circumstances of first- and second-generation immigrant children, compared with children with U.S.-born parents. ER - TY - BOOK AU - National Research Council TI - U.S.-U.S.S.R. Joint Meeting on Earthquake Hazards Mitigation: September 9-13, 1991, Moscow, U.S.S.R. SN - DO - 10.17226/2064 PY - 1992 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/2064/us-ussr-joint-meeting-on-earthquake-hazards-mitigation-september-9 PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Earth Sciences ER - TY - BOOK AU - National Research Council TI - World-Class Research and Development: Characteristics for an Army Research, Development, and Engineering Organization SN - DO - 10.17226/5486 PY - 1996 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/5486/world-class-research-and-development-characteristics-for-an-army-research PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Policy for Science and Technology KW - Conflict and Security Issues ER - TY - BOOK A2 - Jordan D. Brown TI - Robo World: The Story of Robot Designer Cynthia Breazeal SN - DO - 10.17226/11552 PY - 2006 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/11552/robo-world-the-story-of-robot-designer-cynthia-breazeal PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Explore Science KW - AB - Cynthia Breazeal is a creature creator. Armed with electronic gadgets, software programs, and her endless imagination, she creates lifelike machines that can respond to the world around them. Cynthia Breazeal is a roboticist, a scientist who designs, builds, and experiments with robots. As a child, she relied on movies to see robots in action. Now robots are part of her daily life at the MIT Media Lab. There, she and her students use their computer science and engineering skills to work on marvels like Leonardo, a robot that interacts with people in ways that seem almost human. Cynthia's other world-famous projects include Kismet, an emotionally intelligent robot that smiles, frowns, and babbles like a baby. Why create robots like these? Cynthia can picture a future where sociable robots exist to benefit people. She works hard every day to turn that dream into a reality. Firsthand accounts from Cynthia and from those who know her best combine to tell the inspiring story of a curious, sports-loving girl who went on to become a worldclass roboticist. Robo World is also a Captivating story of high-tech invention where the stuff of science fiction becomes real in today's labs. This title aligns to Common Core standards: Interest Level Grades 6 - 8; Reading Level Grade level Equivalent: 7.1: Lexile Measure: 1080L; DRA: Not Available; Guided Reading: Z ER - TY - BOOK AU - National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine A2 - Nancy Kober A2 - Heidi Carlone A2 - Elizabeth A. Davis A2 - Ximena Dominguez A2 - Eve Manz A2 - Carla Zembal-Saul A2 - Amy Stephens A2 - Heidi Schweingruber TI - Rise and Thrive with Science: Teaching PK-5 Science and Engineering SN - DO - 10.17226/26853 PY - 2023 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/26853/rise-and-thrive-with-science-teaching-pk-5-science-and PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Education AB - Research shows that that children learn science and engineering subjects best by engaging from an early age in the kinds of practices used by real scientists and engineers. By doing science and engineering, children not only develop and refine their understanding of the core ideas and crosscutting concepts of these disciplines, but can also be empowered to use their growing understanding to make sense of questions and problems relevant to them. This approach can make learning more meaningful, equitable, and lasting. Using cases and shorter examples, Rise and Thrive with Science shows what high-quality teaching and learning in science and engineering can look like for preschool and elementary school children. Through analyses of these examples and summaries of research findings, the guide points out the key elements of a coherent, research-grounded approach to teaching and learning in science and engineering. This guide also discusses the kinds of support that educators need to implement effective and equitable instruction for all children. This book will provide inspiration for practitioners at the preschool and elementary levels to try new strategies for science and engineering education, whatever their level of experience. Rise and Thrive with Science will be an essential guide for teachers as they organize instruction to enable young children to carry out their own science investigations and engineering design projects, determine the kinds of instruction that lead to meaningful learning, and try to engage every one of their students. ER - TY - BOOK AU - National Research Council A2 - Charles Betsey A2 - Robinson G. Hollister, Jr. A2 - Mary R. Papageorgiou TI - Youth Employment and Training Programs: The YEDPA Years SN - DO - 10.17226/613 PY - 1985 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/613/youth-employment-and-training-programs-the-yedpa-years PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Behavioral and Social Sciences KW - Industry and Labor AB - Do government-sponsored youth employment programs actually help? Between 1978 and 1981, the Youth Employment and Demonstration Projects Act (YEDPA) funded extensive programs designed to aid disadvantaged youth. The Committee on Youth Employment Programs examined the voluminous research performed by YEDPA and produced a comprehensive report and evaluation of the YEDPA efforts to assist the underprivileged. Beginning with YEDPA's inception and effective lifespan, this report goes on to analyze the data it generated, evaluate its accuracy, and draw conclusions about which YEDPA programs were effective, which were not, and why. A discussion of YEDPA strategies and their perceived value concludes the volume. ER - TY - BOOK AU - National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine A2 - Alexandra Beatty A2 - Heidi Schweingruber TI - Seeing Students Learn Science: Integrating Assessment and Instruction in the Classroom SN - DO - 10.17226/23548 PY - 2017 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/23548/seeing-students-learn-science-integrating-assessment-and-instruction-in-the PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Education AB - Science educators in the United States are adapting to a new vision of how students learn science. Children are natural explorers and their observations and intuitions about the world around them are the foundation for science learning. Unfortunately, the way science has been taught in the United States has not always taken advantage of those attributes. Some students who successfully complete their K–12 science classes have not really had the chance to "do" science for themselves in ways that harness their natural curiosity and understanding of the world around them. The introduction of the Next Generation Science Standards led many states, schools, and districts to change curricula, instruction, and professional development to align with the standards. Therefore existing assessments—whatever their purpose—cannot be used to measure the full range of activities and interactions happening in science classrooms that have adapted to these ideas because they were not designed to do so. Seeing Students Learn Science is meant to help educators improve their understanding of how students learn science and guide the adaptation of their instruction and approach to assessment. It includes examples of innovative assessment formats, ways to embed assessments in engaging classroom activities, and ideas for interpreting and using novel kinds of assessment information. It provides ideas and questions educators can use to reflect on what they can adapt right away and what they can work toward more gradually. ER - TY - BOOK AU - National Research Council TI - High Schools and the Changing Workplace: The Employers' View DO - 10.17226/18490 PY - 1984 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/18490/high-schools-and-the-changing-workplace-the-employers-view PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Education KW - Industry and Labor ER - TY - BOOK TI - Learning the R & D System: National Laboratories and Other Non-Academic, Non-Industrial Organizations in Japan and the United States DO - 10.17226/9514 PY - 1989 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/9514/learning-the-r-d-system-national-laboratories-and-other-non PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English ER - TY - BOOK AU - Transportation Research Board AU - National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine A2 - Jane Mobley A2 - Deborah Matherly TI - Using Pictograms to Make Transit Easier to Navigate for Customers with Communication Barriers DO - 10.17226/22598 PY - 2013 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/22598/using-pictograms-to-make-transit-easier-to-navigate-for-customers-with-communication-barriers PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Transportation and Infrastructure AB - TRB’s Transit Cooperative Research Program (TCRP) Web-Only Document 59: Using Pictograms to Make Transit Easier to Navigate for Customers with Communication Barriers explores whether pictograms–picture-based communication tools that use illustrations with few or no words–can be effective in communicating emergency information and behavioral modification to people with communication challenges during a transit emergency situation.A PowerPoint presentation that summarizes Web-Only Document 59 is available for download. ER - TY - BOOK TI - Learning the R & D System: University Research in Japan and the United States DO - 10.17226/9517 PY - 1989 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/9517/learning-the-r-d-system-university-research-in-japan-and PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English ER - TY - BOOK AU - National Research Council A2 - Sarah Michaels A2 - Andrew W. Shouse A2 - Heidi A. Schweingruber TI - Ready, Set, SCIENCE!: Putting Research to Work in K-8 Science Classrooms SN - DO - 10.17226/11882 PY - 2008 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/11882/ready-set-science-putting-research-to-work-in-k-8 PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Education AB - What types of instructional experiences help K-8 students learn science with understanding? What do science educators, teachers, teacher leaders, science specialists, professional development staff, curriculum designers, and school administrators need to know to create and support such experiences? Ready, Set, Science! guides the way with an account of the groundbreaking and comprehensive synthesis of research into teaching and learning science in kindergarten through eighth grade. Based on the recently released National Research Council report Taking Science to School: Learning and Teaching Science in Grades K-8, this book summarizes a rich body of findings from the learning sciences and builds detailed cases of science educators at work to make the implications of research clear, accessible, and stimulating for a broad range of science educators. Ready, Set, Science! is filled with classroom case studies that bring to life the research findings and help readers to replicate success. Most of these stories are based on real classroom experiences that illustrate the complexities that teachers grapple with every day. They show how teachers work to select and design rigorous and engaging instructional tasks, manage classrooms, orchestrate productive discussions with culturally and linguistically diverse groups of students, and help students make their thinking visible using a variety of representational tools. This book will be an essential resource for science education practitioners and contains information that will be extremely useful to everyone �including parents �directly or indirectly involved in the teaching of science. ER - TY - BOOK AU - National Research Council TI - Immigration Statistics: A Story of Neglect SN - DO - 10.17226/593 PY - 1985 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/593/immigration-statistics-a-story-of-neglect PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Behavioral and Social Sciences AB - This book examines the needs for and availability of statistics concerning immigrants and immigration. It concentrates on the needs for statistics on immigrants, refugees, and illegal aliens for policy and program purposes, on the adequacy of the statistics that are produced and of the statistical systems that generate them, and on recommendations for improving these systems. Also, the history of immigration legislation and the estimates of the size of the illegal alien population are briefly reviewed. ER - TY - BOOK TI - Next Generation Science Standards: For States, By States SN - DO - 10.17226/18290 PY - 2013 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/18290/next-generation-science-standards-for-states-by-states PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Education AB - Next Generation Science Standards identifies the science all K-12 students should know. These new standards are based on the National Research Council's A Framework for K-12 Science Education. The National Research Council, the National Science Teachers Association, the American Association for the Advancement of Science, and Achieve have partnered to create standards through a collaborative state-led process. The standards are rich in content and practice and arranged in a coherent manner across disciplines and grades to provide all students an internationally benchmarked science education. The print version of Next Generation Science Standards complements the nextgenscience.org website and: Provides an authoritative offline reference to the standards when creating lesson plans Arranged by grade level and by core discipline, making information quick and easy to find Printed in full color with a lay-flat spiral binding Allows for bookmarking, highlighting, and annotating ER - TY - BOOK AU - Transportation Research Board AU - National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine TI - Practical Approaches for Involving Traditionally Underserved Populations in Transportation Decisionmaking DO - 10.17226/22813 PY - 2012 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/22813/practical-approaches-for-involving-traditionally-underserved-populations-in-transportation-decisionmaking PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Transportation and Infrastructure AB - TRB’s National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Report 710: Practical Approaches for Involving Traditionally Underserved Populations in Transportation Decisionmaking highlights tools, techniques, and approaches for identifying and connecting with populations that have traditionally been underserved and underrepresented in transportation decisionmaking. ER - TY - BOOK AU - Transportation Research Board AU - National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine TI - Innovative Techniques in the Planning and Financing of Public Transportation Projects DO - 10.17226/23256 PY - 2006 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/23256/innovative-techniques-in-the-planning-and-financing-of-public-transportation-projects PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Transportation and Infrastructure AB - TRB’s Transit Cooperative Research Program (TCRP) Research Results Digest 77: Innovative Techniques in the Planning and Financing of Public Transportation Projects provides an overview of the study mission performed October 20–November 5, 2005, that investigated innovative techniques in the planning and financing of public transportation projects in Spain, Denmark, the People’s Republic of China, and Japan. The mission was performed under the International Transit Studies Program, which is part of TCRP. ER - TY - BOOK AU - National Research Council A2 - Michael J. Feuer A2 - Paul W. Holland A2 - Bert F. Green A2 - Meryl W. Bertenthal A2 - F. Cadell Hemphill TI - Uncommon Measures: Equivalence and Linkage Among Educational Tests SN - DO - 10.17226/6332 PY - 1999 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/6332/uncommon-measures-equivalence-and-linkage-among-educational-tests PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Education AB - The issues surrounding the comparability of various tests used to assess performance in schools received broad public attention during congressional debate over the Voluntary National Tests proposed by President Clinton in his 1997 State of the Union Address. Proponents of Voluntary National Tests argue that there is no widely understood, challenging benchmark of individual student performance in 4th-grade reading and 8th-grade mathematics, thus the need for a new test. Opponents argue that a statistical linkage among tests already used by states and districts might provide the sort of comparability called for by the president's proposal. Public Law 105-78 requested that the National Research Council study whether an equivalency scale could be developed that would allow test scores from existing commercial tests and state assessments to be compared with each other and with the National Assessment of Education Progress. In this book, the committee reviewed research literature on the statistical and technical aspects of creating valid links between tests and how the content, use, and purposes of education testing in the United States influences the quality and meaning of those links. The book summarizes relevant prior linkage studies and presents a picture of the diversity of state testing programs. It also looks at the unique characteristics of the National Assessment of Educational Progress. Uncommon Measures provides an answer to the question posed by Congress in Public Law 105-78, suggests criteria for evaluating the quality of linkages, and calls for further research to determine the level of precision needed to make inferences about linked tests. In arriving at its conclusions, the committee acknowledged that ultimately policymakers and educators must take responsibility for determining the degree of imprecision they are willing to tolerate in testing and linking. This book provides science-based information with which to make those decisions. ER - TY - BOOK AU - National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine A2 - Glenn E. Schweitzer TI - U.S.-Iran Engagement in Science, Engineering, and Health (2010-2016): A Resilient Program but an Uncertain Future SN - DO - 10.17226/24861 PY - 2017 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/24861/us-iran-engagement-in-science-engineering-and-health-2010-2016 PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Policy for Science and Technology KW - Health and Medicine AB - In 2010, the National Research Council published the report U.S-Iran Engagement in Science, Engineering, and Medicine (2000-2009). The review of the program described in detail the National Academies' science, technology, and health cooperation program carried out jointly with partners in Iran (otherwise known as science-engagement). The purpose of this new publication is to document the history and details of the National Academies' program of science-engagement from 2010 through 2016, while providing a perspective in considering future science-engagement. A variety of cooperative activities, and particularly workshops that dominated science-engagement during that period, are highlighted. ER - TY - BOOK TI - Theoretical Foundations for Decision Making in Engineering Design DO - 10.17226/10566 PY - 2001 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/10566/theoretical-foundations-for-decision-making-in-engineering-design PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - ER - TY - BOOK TI - Spotlight on Heterogeneity: The Federal Standards for Racial and Ethnic Classification DO - 10.17226/9060 PY - 1996 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/9060/spotlight-on-heterogeneity-the-federal-standards-for-racial-and-ethnic PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - ER - TY - BOOK TI - Early Childhood Development and Learning: New Knowledge for Policy DO - 10.17226/10067 PY - 2001 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/10067/early-childhood-development-and-learning-new-knowledge-for-policy PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Education ER - TY - BOOK AU - National Research Council A2 - Glenn E. Schweitzer TI - U.S.-Iran Engagement in Science, Engineering, and Health (2000-2009): Opportunities, Constraints, and Impacts SN - DO - 10.17226/12921 PY - 2010 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/12921/us-iran-engagement-in-science-engineering-and-health-2000-2009 PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Policy for Science and Technology KW - Health and Medicine AB - During the first decade of the 21st century, the National Academies, working with a number of partner organizations in Iran, carried out a program of U.S.-Iran engagement in science, engineering, and health (herein referred to as science engagement). This book reviews important aspects of the science engagement program, including: (a) objectives of the program, (b) opportunities and constraints in developing the program, and (c) scientific and political impacts of the activities. Suggestions for future activities that draw on the conclusions and recommendations that have emerged from workshops and other types of interactions are set forth. Of course, the political turmoil within Iran and uncertainties as to the direction of U.S.-Iran government-to-government relations will undoubtedly complicate initiation and implementation of new science engagement activities in the near term. At the same time, many American and Iranian participants and important government officials in the United States and Iran have believed that science engagement can contribute to the evolution of an improved political environment for development of less adversarial relations between the two governments. ER - TY - BOOK AU - National Research Council A2 - Cherie Chauvin TI - Threatening Communications and Behavior: Perspectives on the Pursuit of Public Figures SN - DO - 10.17226/13091 PY - 2011 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/13091/threatening-communications-and-behavior-perspectives-on-the-pursuit-of-public PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Computers and Information Technology KW - Behavioral and Social Sciences AB - Today's world of rapid social, technological, and behavioral change provides new opportunities for communications with few limitations of time and space. Through these communications, people leave behind an ever-growing collection of traces of their daily activities, including digital footprints provided by text, voice, and other modes of communication. Meanwhile, new techniques for aggregating and evaluating diverse and multimodal information sources are available to security services that must reliably identify communications indicating a high likelihood of future violence. In the context of this changed and changing world of communications and behavior, the Board on Behavioral, Cognitive, and Sensory Sciences of the National Research Council presents this volume of three papers as one portion of the vast subject of threatening communications and behavior. The papers review the behavioral and social sciences research on the likelihood that someone who engages in abnormal and/or threatening communications will actually then try to do harm. The focus is on how the scientific knowledge can inform and advance future research on threat assessments, in part by considering the approaches and techniques used to analyze communications and behavior in the dynamic context of today's world. The papers in the collection were written within the context of protecting high-profile public figures from potential attach or harm. The research, however, is broadly applicable to U.S. national security including potential applications for analysis of communications from leaders of hostile nations and public threats from terrorist groups. This work highlights the complex psychology of threatening communications and behavior, and it offers knowledge and perspectives from multiple domains that contribute to a deeper understanding of the value of communications in predicting and preventing violent behaviors. ER - TY - BOOK AU - Transportation Research Board AU - National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine A2 - Andrew Zalewski A2 - Daniel Sonenklar A2 - Alexandra Cohen A2 - Josie Kressner A2 - Gregory Macfarlane TI - Public Transit Rider Origin–Destination Survey Methods and Technologies DO - 10.17226/25428 PY - 2019 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/25428/public-transit-rider-origin-destination-survey-methods-and-technologies PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Transportation and Infrastructure AB - TRB’s Transit Cooperative Research Program (TCRP) Synthesis 138: Public Transit Rider Origin–Destination Survey Methods and Technologies captures the state of the practice among agencies of different sizes, geographic locations, and modes and evaluates the opportunities for and challenges of conducting surveys in an era of emerging technologies.The report presents the reality and complexity of conducting origin–destination surveys and will allow agencies to compare what they are currently doing with what others are doing, get ideas about what other strategies are possible, and make better decisions about surveying in the future.The report includes case examples of five transit systems that present an in-depth analysis of various survey strategies and include two agencies that have leveraged passive data to complement or eliminate origin–destination surveys. ER - TY - BOOK AU - National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine A2 - Jennifer Self TI - Teaching K-12 Science and Engineering During a Crisis SN - DO - 10.17226/25909 PY - 2020 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/25909/teaching-k-12-science-and-engineering-during-a-crisis PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Education AB - The COVID-19 pandemic is resulting in widespread and ongoing changes to how the K-12 education system functions, including disruptions to science teaching and learning environments. Students and teachers are all figuring out how to do schooling differently, and districts and states are working overtime to reimagine systems and processes. This is difficult and stressful work in the middle of the already stressful and sometimes traumatic backdrop of the global pandemic. In addition, students with disabilities, students of color, immigrants, English learners, and students from under-resourced communities have been disproportionately affected, both by the pandemic itself and by the resulting instructional shifts. Teaching K-12 Science and Engineering During a Crisis aims to describe what high quality science and engineering education can look like in a time of great uncertainty and to support practitioners as they work toward their goals. This book includes guidance for science and engineering practitioners - with an emphasis on the needs of district science supervisors, curriculum leads, and instructional coaches. Teaching K-12 Science and Engineering During a Crisis will help K-12 science and engineering teachers adapt learning experiences as needed to support students and their families dealing with ongoing changes to instructional and home environments and at the same time provide high quality in those experiences. ER - TY - BOOK TI - Humanities Doctorates in the United States: 1991 Profile DO - 10.17226/9118 PY - 1994 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/9118/humanities-doctorates-in-the-united-states-1991-profile PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Education ER - TY - BOOK AU - Transportation Research Board TI - Review of Mexican Experience with the Regulation of Large Commercial Motor Vehicles DO - 10.17226/13335 PY - 2011 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/13335/review-of-mexican-experience-with-the-regulation-of-large-commercial-motor-vehicles PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Transportation and Infrastructure AB - TRB's National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Research Results Digest 362: Review of Mexican Experience with the Regulation of Large Commercial Motor Vehicles reviews and summarizes the Mexican experience with changes in truck size and weight limits. The report also evaluates the potential applicability to size and weight limits in the United States. ER - TY - BOOK AU - National Research Council TI - Avoiding Technology Surprise for Tomorrow's Warfighter: Symposium 2010 SN - DO - 10.17226/12919 PY - 2010 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/12919/avoiding-technology-surprise-for-tomorrows-warfighter-symposium-2010 PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Conflict and Security Issues AB - The Symposium on Avoiding Technology Surprise for Tomorrow's Warfighter is a forum for consumers and producers of scientific and technical intelligence to exchange perspectives on the potential sources of emerging or disruptive technologies and behaviors, with the goal of improving the Department of Defense's technological warning capability. This volume summarizes the key themes identified in the second and most recent symposium, a two-day event held in Suffolk, Virginia, on April 28 and 29, 2010. The symposium combined presentations highlighting cutting-edge technology topics with facilitated discourse among all participants. Three categories of surprise were identified: breakthroughs in product and process technology, new uses of existing technology, and the unexpectedly rapid progression of a technology to operational use. The incorporation of an adversary's own culture, history, beliefs, and value systems into analyses also emerged in discussions as an important factor in reducing surprise. ER - TY - BOOK TI - Developing Data-Input Standards for Computerized Maintenance Management Systems: Summary of a Symposium/Workshop DO - 10.17226/9099 PY - 1994 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/9099/developing-data-input-standards-for-computerized-maintenance-management-systems-summary PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Computers and Information Technology ER - TY - BOOK A2 - George G. Szpiro TI - The Secret Life of Numbers: 50 Easy Pieces on How Mathematicians Work and Think DO - 10.17226/11543 PY - 2006 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/11543/the-secret-life-of-numbers-50-easy-pieces-on-how PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Math, Chemistry, and Physics KW - Surveys and Statistics AB - Most of us picture mathematicians laboring before a chalkboard, scribbling numbers and obscure symbols as they mutter unintelligibly. This lighthearted (but realistic) sneak-peak into the everyday world of mathematicians turns that stereotype on its head.Most people have little idea what mathematicians do or how they think. It’s often difficult to see how their seemingly arcane and esoteric work applies to our own everyday lives. But mathematics also holds a special allure for many people. We are drawn to its inherent beauty and fascinated by its complexity—but often intimidated by its presumed difficulty. The Secret Life of Numbers opens our eyes to the joys of mathematics, introducing us to the charming, often whimsical side, of the discipline. Divided into several parts, the book looks at interesting and largely unknown historical tidbits, introduces the largerthan- life practitioners of mathematics through the ages, profiles some of the most significant unsolved conjectures, and describes problems and puzzles that have already been solved. Rounding out the table of contents is a host of mathematical miscellany—all of which add up to 50 fun, sometimes cheeky, shorttakes on the field. Chock full of stories, anecdotes, and entertaining vignettes, The Secret Life of Numbers shows us how mathematics really does affect almost every aspect of life—from the law to geography, elections to botany—and we come to appreciate the delight and gratification that mathematics holds for all of us. ER - TY - BOOK AU - National Research Council A2 - Harry William Hutchinson TI - Field Guide to Brazil DO - 10.17226/18401 PY - 1960 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/18401/field-guide-to-brazil PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Biology and Life Sciences AB - This guide to field research in Brazil is one of a series being issued under the auspices of the Committee on International Anthropology, which was established in 1957 by the Division of Anthropology and Psychology of the National Academy of Sciences — National Research Council. The proposal that such field guides be prepared came from a conference of anthropologists held at Columbia University in December, 1956. The Committee has treated the project as an experimental one, recognizing that the audiences to be addressed are rather diverse, e.g., the research worker with a project and area in hand, graduate training seminars, the social scientist wanting to make professional contacts, and that the materials would have to be stated mostly in general terms. The purpose of Field Guide to Brazil is to provide information which the research worker, entering an area for the first time, should have in order to plan his trip get clearances from governments, deal with interested scientific institutions and scholars, comport himself properly in relations with local leaders, and establish generally a favorable working status for himself prior to the point where he applies his professional techniques to the problem in hand. ER - TY - BOOK AU - Transportation Research Board AU - National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine A2 - Stephen M. Quilty TI - Helping New Maintenance Hires Adapt to the Airport Operating Environment DO - 10.17226/22505 PY - 2013 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/22505/helping-new-maintenance-hires-adapt-to-the-airport-operating-environment PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Transportation and Infrastructure AB - TRB’s Airport Cooperative Research Program (ACRP) Synthesis 49: Helping New Maintenance Hires Adapt to the Airport Operating Environment highlights comprehensive safety and security training resources as well as successful practices for new maintenance hires at general aviation airports. ER - TY - BOOK AU - National Research Council TI - Statistical Software Engineering SN - DO - 10.17226/5018 PY - 1996 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/5018/statistical-software-engineering PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Computers and Information Technology KW - Math, Chemistry, and Physics KW - Surveys and Statistics AB - This book identifies challenges and opportunities in the development and implementation of software that contain significant statistical content. While emphasizing the relevance of using rigorous statistical and probabilistic techniques in software engineering contexts, it presents opportunities for further research in the statistical sciences and their applications to software engineering. It is intended to motivate and attract new researchers from statistics and the mathematical sciences to attack relevant and pressing problems in the software engineering setting. It describes the "big picture," as this approach provides the context in which statistical methods must be developed. The book's survey nature is directed at the mathematical sciences audience, but software engineers should also find the statistical emphasis refreshing and stimulating. It is hoped that the book will have the effect of seeding the field of statistical software engineering by its indication of opportunities where statistical thinking can help to increase understanding, productivity, and quality of software and software production. ER - TY - BOOK A2 - Deborah A. Phillips A2 - Natasha J. Cabrera TI - Beyond the Blueprint: Directions for Research on Head Start's Families SN - DO - 10.17226/5196 PY - 1996 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/5196/beyond-the-blueprint-directions-for-research-on-head-starts-families PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Behavioral and Social Sciences KW - Education AB - On its 30th anniversary, public acceptance of Head Start is high, yet understanding of its goals is low, and evaluation research is limited in quality and scope. In this book, a roundtable of representatives from government, universities, medicine, and family support agencies identifies a set of research possibilities to generate a broader understanding of the effects of Head Start on families and children. Among the important issues discussed are the ethnic and linguistic diversity of Head Start families, the social conditions of the community context, and the implications of the changing economic landscape for both families and Head Start itself. ER - TY - BOOK AU - Transportation Research Board AU - National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine A2 - Monica L. Simon TI - Developing Partnerships between Transportation Agencies and the Disability and Underrepresented Communities DO - 10.17226/22578 PY - 2013 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/22578/developing-partnerships-between-transportation-agencies-and-the-disability-and-underrepresented-communities PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Transportation and Infrastructure AB - TRB’s Transit Cooperative Research Program (TCRP) Research Results Digest 107: Developing Partnerships between Transportation Agencies and the Disability and Underrepresented Communities includes best practices and outreach strategies and suggestions that can be used by transit personnel to develop and maintain partnerships with the disability and underrepresented communities. The guide includes “how to” approaches and information in narrative and graphic form on developing these partnerships. ER - TY - BOOK AU - National Research Council TI - Humanities Doctorates in the United States: 1995 Profile SN - DO - 10.17226/5840 PY - 1997 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/5840/humanities-doctorates-in-the-united-states-1995-profile PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Education KW - Industry and Labor ER - TY - BOOK AU - Transportation Research Board AU - National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine TI - On-Board and Intercept Transit Survey Techniques DO - 10.17226/13866 PY - 2005 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/13866/on-board-and-intercept-transit-survey-techniques PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Transportation and Infrastructure AB - TRB’s Transit Cooperative Research Program (TCRP) Synthesis 63: On-Board and Intercept Transit Survey Techniques examines transit agencies’ experiences with planning and implementing on-board and intercept surveys. On-board and intercept surveys include self-administered surveys distributed on board buses and railcars, and in stations, as well as interviews conducted in these environments. The report provides an overview of industry practices and covers a broad range of issues addressed in planning a given survey. ER - TY - BOOK AU - Transportation Research Board AU - National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine A2 - Elizabeth H. Ellis TI - Use of Taxis in Public Transportation for People with Disabilities and Older Adults DO - 10.17226/24628 PY - 2016 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/24628/use-of-taxis-in-public-transportation-for-people-with-disabilities-and-older-adults PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Transportation and Infrastructure AB - TRB's Transit Cooperative Research Program (TCRP) Synthesis 119: Use of Taxis in Public Transportation for People with Disabilities and Older Adults explores and summarizes how taxis may be used by public transportation agencies to provide disabled or older adults with greater mobility and access to their destinations. The report also identifies potential advantages and challenges that public transportation agencies may face when using taxis. ER - TY - BOOK AU - Transportation Research Board AU - National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine A2 - Landrum & Brown, Inc. TI - Guidelines for Improving Airport Services for International Customers DO - 10.17226/23683 PY - 2016 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/23683/guidelines-for-improving-airport-services-for-international-customers PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Transportation and Infrastructure AB - TRB's Airport Cooperative Research Program (ACRP) Research Report 161: Guidelines for Improving Airport Services for International Customers assists airport practitioners in implementing departure and arrival processes, passenger services, and wayfinding techniques for international travelers navigating through U.S. airports. The report covers processing international passengers from origin through gateway airports to their ultimate destination; identifies key elements of the international customer experience that can influence satisfaction in light of the customers’ diverse backgrounds; defines acceptable service levels that an international passenger experiences; and provides service metrics for passenger processing at airports, based upon internationally acceptable wait times. ER - TY - BOOK AU - Transportation Research Board AU - National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine A2 - Shana Johnson A2 - Sofie Rhoads A2 - Rebecca Slocum A2 - Trey Miller A2 - Laura Duke TI - Assessing Equity and Identifying Impacts Associated with Bus Network Redesigns DO - 10.17226/26487 PY - 2022 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/26487/assessing-equity-and-identifying-impacts-associated-with-bus-network-redesigns PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Transportation and Infrastructure AB - Numerous transit agencies, of all sizes, have undertaken bus network redesigns across the United States and Canada over the past decade. The importance of incorporating equity considerations in the planning process is an emerging topic that is rapidly evolving, especially since 2020.The TRB Transit Cooperative Research Program's TCRP Synthesis 159: Assessing Equity and Identifying Impacts Associated with Bus Network Redesigns documents the current practice of how transit providers are defining, assessing, and addressing the equity impacts of bus network redesigns, including and beyond the Federal Transit Administration’s Title VI regulatory requirements. ER - TY - BOOK AU - Transportation Research Board AU - National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine TI - Public Participation Strategies for Transit DO - 10.17226/22865 PY - 2011 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/22865/public-participation-strategies-for-transit PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Transportation and Infrastructure AB - TRB’s Transit Cooperative Research Program (TCRP) Synthesis 89: Public Participation Strategies for Transit documents the state-of-the-practice in terms of public participation strategies to inform and engage the public for transit-related activities.The synthesis also provides ideas and insights into practices and techniques that agencies have found to be most successful, and discusses challenges relating to engaging the public. ER - TY - BOOK AU - Transportation Research Board AU - National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine TI - Review of Mexican Experience with the Regulation of Large Commercial Motor Vehicles DO - 10.17226/14677 PY - 2011 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/14677/review-of-mexican-experience-with-the-regulation-of-large-commercial-motor-vehicles PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Transportation and Infrastructure AB - TRB’s National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Research Results Digest 362: Review of Mexican Experience with the Regulation of Large Commercial Motor Vehicles reviews and summarizes the Mexican experience with changes in truck size and weight limits. The report also evaluates the potential applicability to size and weight limits in the United States. ER - TY - BOOK AU - Transportation Research Board AU - National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine A2 - Stephanie Ward A2 - Courtney Beard A2 - Sondra Retzlaff A2 - Maria Muia A2 - Paul Snyder A2 - Leslie Martin A2 - Kim Kenville A2 - Dave Gordon TI - Developing Innovative Strategies for Aviation Education and Participation DO - 10.17226/25528 PY - 2019 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/25528/developing-innovative-strategies-for-aviation-education-and-participation PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Transportation and Infrastructure AB - Resources to help promote interest in aviation among younger populations ranging from 10 years old to 25 years old are detailed in TRB’s Airport Cooperative Research Program (ACRP) Research Report 202.The report is designed to help educators and aviation enthusiasts understand the need for encouraging interest in aviation. It offers guidance on developing a program of activities to fit particular needs and provides activities for developing a program that can be scaled and tailored for various age groups and resource availability.The report is designed to help develop intentional pathways for promoting interest in aviation. These pathways are seen as the process for engaging students at an early age to pursue aviation at some level and then have them, in turn, continue the cycle by promoting aviation to others.The report addresses the challenges to establishing and maintaining these pathways—such as resource limitations, lack of programming or curriculum, competing interests for kids, and administrative or organizational issues—and identifies opportunities to overcome them.The report also provides support for developing and executing single events and activities when they are the most practical means for exposing young people to the aviation industry. Finally, the report includes three summary listings of the landing pages. The landing pages are a collection of activities that can engage young people in aviation and be adapted to any particular group or organization. They are sorted by activity type, target age group, and cost per person. A searchable list, by keyword, of these landing pages can be found in the Presorted Tables PDF.There is also an individual activity landing pages PDF, which is an alphabetical listing of organizations and the types of activities they offer. The PDF User Guide explains how to use and search the PDFs. A microsite with the Presorted Tables PDF, the Individual Activity Landing Pages PDF, and the PDF User Guide may be found at http://www.trb.org/acrp/acrpreport202.aspx. ER - TY - BOOK AU - Transportation Research Board AU - National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine TI - Airport Emergency Communications for People with Disabilities and Others with Access and Functional Needs DO - 10.17226/25507 PY - 2019 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/25507/airport-emergency-communications-for-people-with-disabilities-and-others-with-access-and-functional-needs PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Transportation and Infrastructure AB - TRB's Airport Cooperative Research Program (ACRP) Research Report 201 provides guidance and tools for airports to aid in effective communication with passengers and persons with disabilities, including those with cultural and language differences.The report includes a primer that discusses issues, techniques, and the unique requirements and challenges of communicating with people with disabilities and others who have access or functional needs.The report explores uses of technology and other methods that incorporate ADA considerations and communication challenges with airport stakeholders, and training programs for airport personnel, including templates for development of curricula.There are case study examples of methods of emergency communication at airports and in other industries, and for universal messaging for emergency communications.The project that produced the report also produced templates in support of airport emergency plans specifically addressing individuals with limited English proficiency, step-by-step tools that include a needs assessment tool that airports can use to determine what steps must to be taken to comply with ADA requirements concerning communications, and templates/worksheets/checklists for planning tabletop exercises that focus on communicating with people with disabilities and access or functional needs during emergency events. These resources are described and linked to below.The Inventory Checklists (from Appendix A) list plans, reports, documents, programs, and services that are helpful in emergency communications for DAFN. The checklists make it easy to review what the airport has in place, what needs to be developed or updated, etc.The Accessibility Walkthrough Worksheet (from Appendix B) is a tool to structure evaluations (ideally conducted by members of a DAFN Advisory Group, as discussed in the report) that identify and assign accessibility ratings to existing communications modes and resources from curbside through baggage claim, and identify modes or resources that can be added or improved.The FAA Airport Accessibility Checklist (from Appendix C) is reproduced online in PDF for convenience; a url is provided that directs users to the FAA source.The Accessibility Strategy Quick Reference Guide (from Appendix D) summarizes key aspects of core, enhanced, and emerging strategies described in the report.The CONOPS Template (from Appendix F) provides generic text for an Emergency Communications Concept of Operations document that airports can edit to meet their needs and those of the communities they serve.The Disability Equity Training document provides training content, including empathy exercises, from Appendix G in a format that can be adapted and customized for use by practitioners.The 1-Minute Read Poster (from Appendix H) provides a reproducible, one-page reference on how to offer and provide assistance respectfully to people with DAFN.The Outreach Brochure (also from Appendix H) is provided in a separate downloadable file for use and distribution by practitioners.The Exercise Toolkit (from Appendix I), with checklists and materials to support a discussion-based exercise and a full-scale, operational exercise, is reproduced in Word to facilitate adaptation and use by practitioners.The Prepared Scenario Vignettes (from Appendix J), which can be used to lay the foundation of a discussion-based or tabletop exercise. ER - TY - BOOK TI - Counting the People in 1980: AN APPRAISAL OF CENSUS PLANS DO - 10.17226/27262 PY - 1978 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/27262/counting-the-people-in-1980-an-appraisal-of-census-plans PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English ER - TY - BOOK TI - Japanese to English Machine Translation: Report of a Symposium DO - 10.17226/9512 PY - 1990 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/9512/japanese-to-english-machine-translation-report-of-a-symposium PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Engineering and Technology ER - TY - BOOK AU - National Academy of Medicine A2 - Kathy Chappell A2 - Eric Holmboe A2 - Lauren Poulin A2 - Steve Singer A2 - Elizabeth Finkelman A2 - Aisha Salman TI - Educating Together, Improving Together: Harmonizing Interprofessional Approaches to Address the Opioid Epidemic SN - DO - 10.17226/27108 PY - 2021 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/27108/educating-together-improving-together-harmonizing-interprofessional-approaches-to-address-the PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Health and Medicine AB - The United States is in the midst of an urgent and complex opioid crisis. To address how education and training can more effectively respond to this crisis, we must have a better understanding of problems in practice—or professional practice gaps—for health professionals and teams in practice. A coordinated response requires identifying and addressing professional practice gaps (PPGs) related to pain management, opioid use disorder, and other substance use disorder (SUD) care, as well as integrating evidence-based best practices into health professional education and training curricula across the continuum from undergraduate training into post-graduate continuing education This Special Publication presents two information-gathering efforts to assess persisting PPGs pertaining to pain management and SUD care and to better understand the current health professional education environment: the first is a comprehensive literature review, and the second is a survey of the regulatory landscape.The results underscore the need to collaboratively develop a harmonized interprofessional, person- and family-centered approach for the continuum of health professions education to more effectively address the opioid crisis.In this Special Publication, the Health Professional Education and Training Workgroup of the National Academy of Medicine’s Action Collaborative on Countering the U.S. Opioid Epidemic identified five action-oriented priorities to support this goal:Establish minimum core competencies in pain management and substance use disorders for all health care professionals, and support tracking of health care professionals’ competenceAlign accreditors' expectations for interprofessional collaboration in education for pain management and substance use disordersFoster interprofessional collaboration among licensing and certifying bodies to optimize regulatory approaches and outcomesUnleash the capacity for continuing education to meet health professions learners where they are through investment and leadership, andCollaborate to harmonize practice improvement initiativesWith due effort and support, these approaches will amplify effective practices while harmonizing and improving the environment for health care professionals to best serve the needs of their patients and communities. ER - TY - BOOK AU - National Research Council A2 - James P. Smith A2 - Barry Edmonston TI - The Immigration Debate: Studies on the Economic, Demographic, and Fiscal Effects of Immigration SN - DO - 10.17226/5985 PY - 1998 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/5985/the-immigration-debate-studies-on-the-economic-demographic-and-fiscal PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Behavioral and Social Sciences AB - The New Americans (NRC 1997) presents an analysis of the economic gains and losses from immigration—for the nation, states, and local areas—providing a scientific foundation for public discussion and policymaking. This companion book of systematic research presents nine original and synthesis papers with detailed data and analysis that support and extend the work in the first book and point the way for future work. The Immigration Debate includes case studies of the fiscal effects of immigration in New Jersey and California, studies of the impact of immigration on population redistribution and on crime in the United States, and much more. ER - TY - BOOK AU - Institute of Medicine AU - National Research Council TI - The Arctic Aeromedical Laboratory's Thyroid Function Study: A Radiological Risk and Ethical Analysis SN - DO - 10.17226/5106 PY - 1996 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/5106/the-arctic-aeromedical-laboratorys-thyroid-function-study-a-radiological-risk PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Health and Medicine AB - During the 1950s, with the Cold War looming, military planners sought to know more about how to keep fighting forces fit and capable in the harsh Alaskan environment. In 1956 and 1957, the U.S. Air Force's former Arctic Aeromedical Laboratory conducted a study of the role of the thyroid in human acclimatization to cold. To measure thyroid function under various conditions, the researchers administered a radioactive medical trace, Iodine-131, to Alaska Natives and white military personnel; based on the study results, the researchers determined that the thyroid did not play a significant role in human acclimatization to cold. When this study of thyroid function was revisited at a 1993 conference on the Cold War legacy in the Arctic, serious questions were raised about the appropriateness of the activity—whether it posed risks to the people involved and whether the research had been conducted within the bounds of accepted guidelines for research using human participants. In particular, there was concern over the relatively large proportion of Alaska Natives used as subjects and whether they understood the nature of the study. This book evaluates the research in detail, looking at both the possible health effects of Iodine-131 administration in humans and the ethics of human subjects research. This book presents conclusions and recommendations and is a significant addition to the nation's current reevaluation of human radiation experiments conducted during the Cold War. ER - TY - BOOK AU - National Academy of Sciences TI - Biographical Memoirs: Volume 59 SN - DO - 10.17226/1652 PY - 1990 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/1652/biographical-memoirs-volume-59 PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Biography and Autobiography AB - Biographic Memoirs: Volume 59 contains short biographies of deceased members of the National Academy of Sciences. ER - TY - BOOK AU - National Research Council TI - Educating Mathematical Scientists: Doctoral Study and the Postdoctoral Experience in the United States SN - DO - 10.17226/1996 PY - 1992 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/1996/educating-mathematical-scientists-doctoral-study-and-the-postdoctoral-experience-in PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Education AB - The goal of this book is to determine what makes certain doctoral/postdoctoral programs in mathematical sciences successful in producing large numbers of domestic Ph.D.s, including women and underrepresented minorities with sufficient professional experience and versatility to meet the research, teaching, and industrial needs of our technology-based society. Educating Mathematical Scientists describes the characteristics of successful doctoral/postdoctoral programs, based on the diverse set of 10 universities at which site visits were made. ER - TY - BOOK AU - Institute of Medicine TI - The Impact of War on Child Health in the Countries of the Former Yugoslavia DO - 10.17226/9290 PY - 1995 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/9290/the-impact-of-war-on-child-health-in-the-countries-of-the-former-yugoslavia PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Health and Medicine ER - TY - BOOK AU - National Research Council TI - Brain and Cognition: Some New Technologies SN - DO - 10.17226/1870 PY - 1989 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/1870/brain-and-cognition-some-new-technologies PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Behavioral and Social Sciences ER - TY - BOOK AU - National Research Council TI - Reports of the Committee on Vision: 1947-1990 SN - DO - 10.17226/1456 PY - 1990 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/1456/reports-of-the-committee-on-vision-1947-1990 PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Policy for Science and Technology AB - This is a summary of reports issued since 1947 under the aegis of the National Research Council's Committee on Vision. An abstract summarizing the contents of each report is provided together with information to assist the reader in obtaining copies of the information about early research efforts in such classic areas of vision science as visual search, form discrimination, and aging—together with current problems such as the use of video display terminals. The book will aid vision scientists in gaining a thorough understanding of the recent historical context of vision research. ER - TY - BOOK AU - Transportation Research Board TI - Transportation Knowledge Networks: A Management Strategy for the 21st Century -- Special Report 284 DO - 10.17226/11569 PY - 2006 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/11569/transportation-knowledge-networks-a-management-strategy-for-the-21st-century PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - AB - TRB Special Report 284, Transportation Knowledge Networks: A Management Strategy for the 21st Century examines how transportation information should be managed and provided. The report provides strategic advice to the federal government and the states regarding a sustainable administrative structure and funding mechanism for meeting the information service needs of the transportation sector. The report identifies the core services that need to be provided, how those services should be provided, and funding options to support those services. ER - TY - BOOK AU - National Research Council A2 - Alexandra Beatty A2 - Lynn W. Paine A2 - Francisco O. Ramirez TI - Next Steps for TIMSS: Directions for Secondary Analysis SN - DO - 10.17226/6433 PY - 1999 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/6433/next-steps-for-timss-directions-for-secondary-analysis PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Education AB - Now that the initial results of The Third International Mathematics and Science Study (TIMSS) have been released, the Board on International Comparative Studies in Education (BICSE) has turned its attention to what happens next. The TIMSS data are potentially useful to researchers, policy makers, practitioners, and others interested in evidence regarding factors that influence student learning. But although the study has produced a remarkable volume of intriguing data, it is by no means complete. Scholarly review of the initial data, evaluations of claims based on the data, and follow-up secondary analysis based on the primary findings are all integral parts of a study of this magnitude, but the bulk of this very important work has not yet begun. Because of the board's serious concern that this necessary work has not been undertaken, or funded, it held a workshop on June 17 and 18, 1998, to explore different perspectives on possible next steps. The workshop was an invaluable opportunity for the board to explore issues and questions it has addressed over the years and to solidify its thinking about many of them. Because the board is convinced of the importance of moving forward with the TIMSS data, it presents in this report both recommendations as to what ought to be done and many of the innovative specific ideas that emerged from the workshop. These recommendations reflect the board's conviction, based on its many years of involvement with and deliberations about TIMSS, that this study is an extremely rich resource for the policy, scholarly, and practice communities, and that all of these groups have a responsibility to take full advantage of it. The recommendations and discussion in this report are intended to assist both researchers and funders who are considering further work with TIMSS, and a broader audience of researchers, policy makers, practitioners, and others who have followed the TIMSS results and are eager to use them. This report is, in a sense, the culmination of many years of effort for the board. ER - TY - BOOK TI - International Benchmarking of US Mathematics Research DO - 10.17226/9089 PY - 1997 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/9089/international-benchmarking-of-us-mathematics-research PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Math, Chemistry, and Physics KW - Surveys and Statistics ER - TY - BOOK AU - Transportation Research Board AU - National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine TI - Counting Aircraft Operations at Non-Towered Airports DO - 10.17226/23241 PY - 2007 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/23241/counting-aircraft-operations-at-non-towered-airports PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Transportation and Infrastructure AB - TRB’s Airport Cooperative Research Program (ACRP) Synthesis 4: Counting Aircraft Operations at Non-Towered Airports explores the different methods used by states, airports, and metropolitan planning organizations (MPOs) of counting and estimating aircraft operations at non-towered airports. The report also examines new technologies that can be used for these counts and estimates. ER - TY - BOOK AU - National Research Council TI - Toward the Electronic Office DO - 10.17226/18507 PY - 1981 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/18507/toward-the-electronic-office PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Industry and Labor KW - Engineering and Technology ER - TY - BOOK AU - National Research Council TI - Learning From Japan: Improving Knowledge of Japanese Technology Management Practices DO - 10.17226/18453 PY - 1994 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/18453/learning-from-japan-improving-knowledge-of-japanese-technology-management-practices PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Engineering and Technology AB - The U.S.-Japan Industry and Technology Management Training Program provides the opportunity for U.S. academics to broaden and deepen their understanding of the multifaceted sources of Japanese industrial success and to convey that understanding to practitioners in U.S. industry and government laboratories. After reviewing the program's progress, Learning From Japan: Improving Knowledge of Japanese Technology Management Practices concludes that a multidisciplinary approach to research, education, and training must be used, and an aggressive effort must be made to disseminate the results to industry. Building a multidisciplinary specialization would provide a framework for research, publications, curriculum development, and continuing education activities. Yet, making this specialization as relevant and useful as possible would require input from industry, and industry must, in turn, be convinced of the value of the program. Learning From Japan recommends that achieving these twin goals—creating a strong academic specialization and ensuring its relevance to the needs of U.S. industry—should guide the future management of the program. ER - TY - BOOK AU - National Research Council TI - Educating the Next Generation of Agricultural Scientists DO - 10.17226/18633 PY - 1988 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/18633/educating-the-next-generation-of-agricultural-scientists PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - KW - Agriculture ER - TY - BOOK AU - Transportation Research Board AU - National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine A2 - Beverly Kuhn A2 - Laura Higgins A2 - Alicia Nelson A2 - Melisa Finley A2 - Gerald Ullman A2 - Susan Chrysler A2 - Karl Wunderlich A2 - Vaishali Shah A2 - Conrad Dudek TI - Lexicon for Conveying Travel Time Reliability Information DO - 10.17226/22604 PY - 2013 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/22604/lexicon-for-conveying-travel-time-reliability-information PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Transportation and Infrastructure AB - TRB’s second Strategic Highway Research Program (SHRP 2) Report S2-L14-RW-2: Lexicon for Conveying Travel Time Reliability Information includes a glossary of terms designed to convey travel time reliability information to travelers so that such information can be understood and used in a way that influences their travel choices, but does not present a safety hazard.Reliability Project L14 also produced a report title, Effectiveness of Different Approaches to Disseminating Traveler Information on Travel Time Reliability, that provides recommendations on appropriate ways to introduce and provide travel time reliability information to travelers so that such information can be understood and used in a way that influences their travel choices but does not present a safety hazard. ER - TY - BOOK AU - National Research Council TI - Being Fluent with Information Technology SN - DO - 10.17226/6482 PY - 1999 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/6482/being-fluent-with-information-technology PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Computers and Information Technology AB - Computers, communications, digital information, software—the constituents of the information age—are everywhere. Being computer literate, that is technically competent in two or three of today's software applications, is not enough anymore. Individuals who want to realize the potential value of information technology (IT) in their everyday lives need to be computer fluent—able to use IT effectively today and to adapt to changes tomorrow. Being Fluent with Information Technology sets the standard for what everyone should know about IT in order to use it effectively now and in the future. It explores three kinds of knowledge—intellectual capabilities, foundational concepts, and skills—that are essential for fluency with IT. The book presents detailed descriptions and examples of current skills and timeless concepts and capabilities, which will be useful to individuals who use IT and to the instructors who teach them. ER - TY - BOOK AU - National Research Council TI - Engineering Tasks for the New Century: Japanese and U.S. Perspectives SN - DO - 10.17226/9624 PY - 1999 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/9624/engineering-tasks-for-the-new-century-japanese-and-us-perspectives PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Engineering and Technology AB - The U.S.-Japan bilateral task force was tasked with addressing the following questions: (1) How do Japan and the United States educate and train engineers, and what are the major similarities, differences, and trends? (2) What are the superior practices that have been developed by each country, especially approaches that could be adopted by the other country? (3) Are there areas in which expanded U.S.-Japan cooperation could help to improve engineering education in the two countries and around the world? The joint task force was organized by the Committee on Advanced Technology and the International Environment (Committee 149) of the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS), and the Committee on Japan (COJ) of the National Research Council (NRC). Committee 149's work was supported by member dues, and the COJ's work was supported by the United States-Japan Foundation and the National Academy of Engineering. The joint task force was chaired by Mildred Dresselhaus of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and Sogo Okamura of Tokyo Denki University. Japan and the United States are two of the leading nations in the world in engineering education and practice. Their systems for training and educating engineers display marked contrasts, resulting from the very different economic and cultural environments in which they have developed. The joint task force used a "lifelong learning" approach in examining the two countries' systems, exploring differences and similarities in K-12 education of future engineers, undergraduate and graduate education, as well as continuing education of working professionals. The panel also explored two important issues that will affect engineering education in both countries in the future: the need to educate and train "global engineers" who can work effectively in international contexts, and the potential for information technology to transform engineering education in the future. ER - TY - BOOK AU - Transportation Research Board AU - National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine TI - Identification of the Requirements and Training to Obtain Driving Privileges on Airfields DO - 10.17226/14261 PY - 2009 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/14261/identification-of-the-requirements-and-training-to-obtain-driving-privileges-on-airfields PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Transportation and Infrastructure AB - TRB’s Airport Cooperative Research Program (ACRP) Synthesis 15: Identification of the Requirements and Training to Obtain Driving Privileges on Airfields explores information on the requirements and training required to obtain driving privileges on airport airfields, and the differences and similarities among the various airports throughout the country. The report also examines information on the types of training programs available to airport employees based on where the employees were authorized to drive. ER - TY - BOOK AU - Transportation Research Board AU - National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine A2 - Wilson Ihrig TI - Improving Intelligibility of Airport Terminal Public Address Systems DO - 10.17226/24839 PY - 2017 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/24839/improving-intelligibility-of-airport-terminal-public-address-systems PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Transportation and Infrastructure AB - TRB's Airport Cooperative Research Program (ACRP) Research Report 175: Improving Intelligibility of Airport Terminal Public Address Systems provides design guidelines to improve public address systems for all types and sizes of airport terminal environments. The guidelines include a summary of data on public address systems, terminal finishes and background noise levels in a variety of airport terminals, identification of acoustical shortcomings, and the results of impacts on existing public address systems. The report provides options for enhancing intelligibility in existing airport terminals as well as ensuring intelligibility in new terminal designs. ER - TY - BOOK AU - Transportation Research Board AU - National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine TI - Effective Public Involvement Using Limited Resources DO - 10.17226/14411 PY - 2010 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/14411/effective-public-involvement-using-limited-resources PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Transportation and Infrastructure AB - TRB’s National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Synthesis 407: Effective Public Involvement Using Limited Resources explores information about staff and agency experiences in the application of successful and cost-effective strategies and implementation techniques used to engage the public in the development of transportation plans and projects. The report also examines unsuccessful strategies. ER - TY - BOOK A2 - John Derbyshire TI - Prime Obsession: Bernhard Riemann and the Greatest Unsolved Problem in Mathematics SN - DO - 10.17226/10532 PY - 2003 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/10532/prime-obsession-bernhard-riemann-and-the-greatest-unsolved-problem-in PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Explore Science KW - KW - Math, Chemistry, and Physics KW - Surveys and Statistics AB - In August 1859 Bernhard Riemann, a little-known 32-year old mathematician, presented a paper to the Berlin Academy titled: "On the Number of Prime Numbers Less Than a Given Quantity." In the middle of that paper, Riemann made an incidental remark — a guess, a hypothesis. What he tossed out to the assembled mathematicians that day has proven to be almost cruelly compelling to countless scholars in the ensuing years. Today, after 150 years of careful research and exhaustive study, the question remains. Is the hypothesis true or false? Riemann's basic inquiry, the primary topic of his paper, concerned a straightforward but nevertheless important matter of arithmetic — defining a precise formula to track and identify the occurrence of prime numbers. But it is that incidental remark — the Riemann Hypothesis — that is the truly astonishing legacy of his 1859 paper. Because Riemann was able to see beyond the pattern of the primes to discern traces of something mysterious and mathematically elegant shrouded in the shadows — subtle variations in the distribution of those prime numbers. Brilliant for its clarity, astounding for its potential consequences, the Hypothesis took on enormous importance in mathematics. Indeed, the successful solution to this puzzle would herald a revolution in prime number theory. Proving or disproving it became the greatest challenge of the age. It has become clear that the Riemann Hypothesis, whose resolution seems to hang tantalizingly just beyond our grasp, holds the key to a variety of scientific and mathematical investigations. The making and breaking of modern codes, which depend on the properties of the prime numbers, have roots in the Hypothesis. In a series of extraordinary developments during the 1970s, it emerged that even the physics of the atomic nucleus is connected in ways not yet fully understood to this strange conundrum. Hunting down the solution to the Riemann Hypothesis has become an obsession for many — the veritable "great white whale" of mathematical research. Yet despite determined efforts by generations of mathematicians, the Riemann Hypothesis defies resolution. Alternating passages of extraordinarily lucid mathematical exposition with chapters of elegantly composed biography and history, Prime Obsession is a fascinating and fluent account of an epic mathematical mystery that continues to challenge and excite the world. Posited a century and a half ago, the Riemann Hypothesis is an intellectual feast for the cognoscenti and the curious alike. Not just a story of numbers and calculations, Prime Obsession is the engrossing tale of a relentless hunt for an elusive proof — and those who have been consumed by it. ER - TY - BOOK AU - Transportation Research Board AU - National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine TI - State DOT Best Practices for Title VI Compliance DO - 10.17226/22980 PY - 2009 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/22980/state-dot-best-practices-for-title-vi-compliance PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Transportation and Infrastructure AB - TRB’s National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Research Results Digest 340: State DOT Best Practices for Title VI Compliance explores state department of transportation (DOT) transit requirements and best practices related to Title VI of the Civil Rights Act of 1964. A companion report, NCHRP Web-Only Document 147, includes a collection of material related to best practices. Title VI of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 requires that direct grant recipients and subrecipients provide all services and benefits without regard to race, color, or national origin. ER - TY - BOOK AU - Transportation Research Board AU - National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine TI - Aviation Workforce Development Practices DO - 10.17226/14368 PY - 2010 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/14368/aviation-workforce-development-practices PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Transportation and Infrastructure AB - TRB’s Airport Cooperative Research Program (ACRP) Synthesis 18: Aviation Workforce Development Practices explores airport operating entity jobs and related skill sets needed to perform those jobs. The report also identifies potential ways to gain training on the skill sets needed to fulfill airport-related jobs and notes gaps where skill sets, and educational and advancement opportunities, may exist.ErrataOn page 13 of ACRP Synthesis 18, the first paragraph under the heading Accredited Airport Executive (AAE) and Certified Member (CM) Programs was incomplete. The paragraph should read:"The AAAE’s accredited airport executive program is widely accepted in the industry as one of the standard programs for developing executive-level airport professionals. To satisfy the written requirement, a candidate may choose to write a research paper on an approved topic, take and pass a proctored essay examination, write a case study on an approved topic, or submit documentation of a completed master’s degree. Candidates do have access to an AAAE staff member for support while completing the written requirement; however, staff does not help candidates develop research for their written report. The Academic Relations Committee sponsors a mentor program pairing already accredited professionals with student members of the association. The South Central Chapter sponsors a week-long Academy to help prepare candidates for the multiple choice exam. There are three academies each year. Members of the AAAE Academic Relations Committee include AAAE members."TRB publication errata information is available online. ER - TY - BOOK AU - National Academy of Sciences TI - Biographical Memoirs: Volume 87 SN - DO - 10.17226/11522 PY - 2005 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/11522/biographical-memoirs-volume-87 PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Biography and Autobiography KW - Biology and Life Sciences AB - Biographic Memoirs Volume 87 contains the biographies of deceased members of the National Academy of Sciences and bibliographies of their published works. Each biographical essay was written by a member of the Academy familiar with the professional career of the deceased. For historical and bibliographical purposes, these volumes are worth returning to time and again. ER - TY - BOOK TI - Preparing for the 21st Century: The Education Imperative DO - 10.17226/9537 PY - 1997 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/9537/preparing-for-the-21st-century-the-education-imperative PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - ER - TY - BOOK AU - National Research Council TI - Keeping the U.S. Computer and Communications Industry Competitive: Convergence of Computing, Communications, and Entertainment SN - DO - 10.17226/4813 PY - 1995 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/4813/keeping-the-us-computer-and-communications-industry-competitive-convergence-of PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Computers and Information Technology AB - Interactive multimedia and information infrastructure receive a lot of attention in the press, but what do they really mean for society? What are the most significant and enduring innovations? What does the convergence of digitally based technologies mean for U.S. businesses and consumers? This book presents an overview of the exciting but much-hyped phenomenon of digital convergence. ER - TY - BOOK AU - Transportation Research Board AU - National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine A2 - Nicholas P. Miller A2 - David Cantor A2 - Sharon Lohr A2 - Eric Jodts A2 - Pam Boene A2 - Doug Williams A2 - James Fields A2 - Monty Gettys A2 - Mathias Basner A2 - Ken Hume TI - Research Methods for Understanding Aircraft Noise Annoyances and Sleep Disturbance DO - 10.17226/22352 PY - 2014 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/22352/research-methods-for-understanding-aircraft-noise-annoyances-and-sleep-disturbance PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Transportation and Infrastructure AB - TRB’s Airport Cooperative Research Program (ACRP) Web-Only Document 17: Research Methods for Understanding Aircraft Noise Annoyances and Sleep Disturbance explores the development and validation of a research protocol for a large-scale study of aircraft noise exposure-annoyance response relationships across the U.S. The report also highlights alternative research methods for field studies to assess the relationship between aircraft noise and sleep disturbance for U.S. airports. ER - TY - BOOK AU - National Research Council TI - The Outlook for Science and Technology 1985 SN - DO - 10.17226/862 PY - 1985 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/862/the-outlook-for-science-and-technology-1985 PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Policy for Science and Technology ER - TY - BOOK AU - Institute of Medicine TI - Community Oriented Primary Care: A Practical Assessment, Vol. 2: Case Studies SN - DO - 10.17226/672 PY - 1984 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/672/community-oriented-primary-care-a-practical-assessment-vol-2-case PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Health and Medicine ER - TY - BOOK AU - Institute of Medicine A2 - Marilyn J. Field A2 - Kathleen N. Lohr TI - Clinical Practice Guidelines: Directions for a New Program SN - DO - 10.17226/1626 PY - 1990 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/1626/clinical-practice-guidelines-directions-for-a-new-program PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Health and Medicine ER - TY - BOOK AU - National Academy of Engineering AU - National Academy of Engineering TI - Memorial Tributes: Volume 6 SN - DO - 10.17226/2231 PY - 1993 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/2231/memorial-tributes-volume-6 PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Biography and Autobiography AB - This series presents biographies of deceased members of the National Academy of Engineering. ER -