%0 Book %A National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine %T Strengthening Data Science Methods for Department of Defense Personnel and Readiness Missions %@ 978-0-309-45078-2 %D 2017 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/23670/strengthening-data-science-methods-for-department-of-defense-personnel-and-readiness-missions %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/23670/strengthening-data-science-methods-for-department-of-defense-personnel-and-readiness-missions %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Math, Chemistry, and Physics %K Conflict and Security Issues %K Surveys and Statistics %P 164 %X The Office of the Under Secretary of Defense (Personnel & Readiness), referred to throughout this report as P&R, is responsible for the total force management of all Department of Defense (DoD) components including the recruitment, readiness, and retention of personnel. Its work and policies are supported by a number of organizations both within DoD, including the Defense Manpower Data Center (DMDC), and externally, including the federally funded research and development centers (FFRDCs) that work for DoD. P&R must be able to answer questions for the Secretary of Defense such as how to recruit people with an aptitude for and interest in various specialties and along particular career tracks and how to assess on an ongoing basis service members' career satisfaction and their ability to meet new challenges. P&R must also address larger-scale questions, such as how the current realignment of forces to the Asia-Pacific area and other regions will affect recruitment, readiness, and retention. While DoD makes use of large-scale data and mathematical analysis in intelligence, surveillance, reconnaissance, and elsewhere—exploiting techniques such as complex network analysis, machine learning, streaming social media analysis, and anomaly detection—these skills and capabilities have not been applied as well to the personnel and readiness enterprise. Strengthening Data Science Methods for Department of Defense Personnel and Readiness Missions offers and roadmap and implementation plan for the integration of data analysis in support of decisions within the purview of P&R. %0 Book %A National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine %T An Assessment of the National Institute of Standards and Technology Material Measurement Laboratory: Fiscal Year 2017 %@ 978-0-309-46947-0 %D 2017 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/24975/an-assessment-of-the-national-institute-of-standards-and-technology-material-measurement-laboratory %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/24975/an-assessment-of-the-national-institute-of-standards-and-technology-material-measurement-laboratory %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Engineering and Technology %P 106 %X An Assessment of the National Institute of Standards and Technology Material Measurement Laboratory: Fiscal Year 2017 assesses the scientific and technical work performed by the National Institute of Standards (NIST). This publication reviews technical reports and technical program descriptions prepared by NIST staff summarizes the findings of the authoring panel. %0 Book %A National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine %T Review of the Research Program of the U.S. DRIVE Partnership: Fifth Report %@ 978-0-309-45687-6 %D 2017 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/24717/review-of-the-research-program-of-the-us-drive-partnership %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/24717/review-of-the-research-program-of-the-us-drive-partnership %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Energy and Energy Conservation %K Transportation and Infrastructure %P 254 %X Review of the Research Program of the U.S. DRIVE Partnership: Fifth Report follows on four previous reviews of the FreedomCAR and Fuel Partnership, which was the predecessor of the U.S. DRIVE Partnership. The U.S. DRIVE (Driving Research and Innovation for Vehicle Efficiency and Energy Sustainability) vision, according to the charter of the Partnership, is this: American consumers have a broad range of affordable personal transportation choices that reduce petroleum consumption and significantly reduce harmful emissions from the transportation sector. Its mission is as follows: accelerate the development of pre-competitive and innovative technologies to enable a full range of efficient and clean advanced light-duty vehicles (LDVs), as well as related energy infrastructure. The Partnership focuses on precompetitive research and development (R&D) that can help to accelerate the emergence of advanced technologies to be commercialization-feasible. The guidance for the work of the U.S. DRIVE Partnership as well as the priority setting and targets for needed research are provided by joint industry/government technical teams. This structure has been demonstrated to be an effective means of identifying high-priority, long-term precompetitive research needs for each technology with which the Partnership is involved. Technical areas in which research and development as well as technology validation programs have been pursued include the following: internal combustion engines (ICEs) potentially operating on conventional and various alternative fuels, automotive fuel cell power systems, hydrogen storage systems (especially onboard vehicles), batteries and other forms of electrochemical energy storage, electric propulsion systems, hydrogen production and delivery, and materials leading to vehicle weight reductions. %0 Book %A National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine %E Schmitt, Joseph R. %T Searching for Life Across Space and Time: Proceedings of a Workshop %@ 978-0-309-46394-2 %D 2017 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/24860/searching-for-life-across-space-and-time-proceedings-of-a %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/24860/searching-for-life-across-space-and-time-proceedings-of-a %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Space and Aeronautics %P 132 %X The search for life is one of the most active fields in space science and involves a wide variety of scientific disciplines, including planetary science, astronomy and astrophysics, chemistry, biology, chemistry, and geoscience. In December 2016, the Space Studies Board hosted a workshop to explore the possibility of habitable environments in the solar system and in exoplanets, techniques for detecting life, and the instrumentation used. This publication summarizes the presentations and discussions from the workshop. %0 Book %A National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine %E Johnson, Anne Frances %E Millett, Lynette I. %T Software Update as a Mechanism for Resilience and Security: Proceedings of a Workshop %@ 978-0-309-46288-4 %D 2017 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/24833/software-update-as-a-mechanism-for-resilience-and-security-proceedings %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/24833/software-update-as-a-mechanism-for-resilience-and-security-proceedings %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Computers and Information Technology %P 92 %X Software update is an important mechanism by which security changes and improvements are made in software, and this seemingly simple concept encompasses a wide variety of practices, mechanisms, policies, and technologies. To explore the landscape further, the Forum on Cyber Resilience hosted a workshop featuring invited speakers from government, the private sector, and academia. This publication summarizes the presentations and discussions from the workshop. %0 Book %A National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine %T Assessment of Solid-State Lighting, Phase Two %@ 978-0-309-45257-1 %D 2017 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/24619/assessment-of-solid-state-lighting-phase-two %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/24619/assessment-of-solid-state-lighting-phase-two %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Energy and Energy Conservation %P 116 %X The standard incandescent light bulb, which still works mainly as Thomas Edison invented it, converts more than 90% of the consumed electricity into heat. Given the availability of newer lighting technologies that convert a greater percentage of electricity into useful light, there is potential to decrease the amount of energy used for lighting in both commercial and residential applications. Although technologies such as compact fluorescent lamps (CFLs) have emerged in the past few decades and will help achieve the goal of increased energy efficiency, solid-state lighting (SSL) stands to play a large role in dramatically decreasing U.S. energy consumption for lighting. Since the publication of the 2013 National Research Council report Assessment of Advanced Solid-State Lighting, the penetration of SSL has increased dramatically, with a resulting savings in energy and costs that were foreshadowed by that study. What was not anticipated then is the dramatic dislocation and restructuring of the SSL marketplace, as cost reductions for light-emitting diode (LED) components reduced profitability for LED manufacturers. At the same time, there has been the emergence of new applications for SSL, which have the potential to create new markets and commercial opportunities for the SSL industry. Assessment of Solid-State Lighting, Phase Two discusses these aspects of change—highlighting the progress of commercialization and acceptance of SSL and reviewing the technical advances and challenges in achieving higher efficacy for LEDs and organic light-emitting diodes. This report will also discuss the recent trends in SSL manufacturing and opportunities for new applications and describe the role played by the Department of Energy (DOE) Lighting Program in the development of SSL.