TY - BOOK AU - Transportation Research Board AU - National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine TI - Theory and Law of Airport Revenue Diversion DO - 10.17226/23092 PY - 2008 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/23092/theory-and-law-of-airport-revenue-diversion PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Transportation and Infrastructure AB - TRB’s Airport Cooperative Research Program (ACRP) Legal Research Digest 2: Theory and Law of Airport Revenue Diversion explores the issue of airport revenue diversion, what prompted Congress to address it, how it has manifested itself, and how the prohibition against revenue diversion has been enforced. ER - TY - BOOK AU - Transportation Research Board AU - National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine TI - Responsibility for Implementation and Enforcement of Airport Land-Use Zoning Restrictions DO - 10.17226/23052 PY - 2009 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/23052/responsibility-for-implementation-and-enforcement-of-airport-land-use-zoning-restrictions PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Transportation and Infrastructure AB - TRB’s Airport Cooperative Research Program (ACRP) Legal Research Digest 5: Responsibility for Implementation and Enforcement of Airport Land-Use Zoning Restrictions explores federal, state, regional, and local laws and regulations pertaining to aviation land use and zoning, and identifies the primary responsibilities of each relevant legal body and how this responsibility is communicated and enforced. ER - TY - BOOK AU - Transportation Research Board AU - National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine TI - Survey of Laws and Regulations of Airport Commercial Ground Transportation DO - 10.17226/23085 PY - 2008 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/23085/survey-of-laws-and-regulations-of-airport-commercial-ground-transportation PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Transportation and Infrastructure AB - TRB’s Airport Cooperative Research Program (ACRP) Legal Research Digest 3: Survey of Laws and Regulations of Airport Commercial Ground Transportation explores guidance, including regulations, statutes, policies, and decisions pertaining to commercial ground transportation at U.S. airports. The report defines ground transportation as including public transit, door-to-door shuttle van service, charter buses, limousines, rental cars, taxicabs, hotel courtesy shuttles, wheel chair services, and courier operators. ER - TY - BOOK AU - Transportation Research Board AU - National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine A2 - Larry W. Thomas TI - Compendium of State and Federal Laws Affecting the Possession of Firearms at Airports DO - 10.17226/23596 PY - 2016 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/23596/compendium-of-state-and-federal-laws-affecting-the-possession-of-firearms-at-airports PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Transportation and Infrastructure AB - TRB's Airport Cooperative Research Program (ACRP) Web Only Document 29: Compendium of State and Federal Laws Affecting the Possession of Firearms at Airports contains an index and text of federal and state statutes as well United States Code and federal regulations affecting the possession of firearms at airports. The document accompanies ACRP Legal Research Digest 29: Impact of Firearms Laws on Airports that analyzes recent court cases on federal and state laws that have been challenged for restricting or prohibiting the carrying of firearms in public and other places. The digest also includes a compendium of federal and state laws that are relevant to the carrying of guns at airports and elsewhere. ER - TY - BOOK AU - Transportation Research Board AU - National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine A2 - Sean Cusson TI - Legal Considerations for Telecommunications at Airports DO - 10.17226/26366 PY - 2021 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/26366/legal-considerations-for-telecommunications-at-airports PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Transportation and Infrastructure AB - The deployment of telecommunication systems, management of networks, and dealings with telecommunication or information service providers, airlines, other tenants, concessionaires, and passengers create multiple legal issues for airport operators. The Airport Cooperative Highway Research Program's ACRP Legal Research Digest 43: Legal Considerations for Telecommunications at Airports examines federal requirements for various aspects of telecommunications at airports, including both current issues and those implicated by emerging trends. ER - TY - BOOK AU - Transportation Research Board AU - National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine A2 - University of Missouri Carlos Sun TI - Updated Survey of Laws and Regulations Applicable to Airport Commercial Ground Transportation DO - 10.17226/26003 PY - 2020 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/26003/updated-survey-of-laws-and-regulations-applicable-to-airport-commercial-ground-transportation PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Transportation and Infrastructure AB - Commercial ground transportation at U.S. airports includes public transit, door-to-door shuttle van service, charter buses, limousines, rental cars, taxicabs, hotel courtesy shuttles, wheel chair services, and courier operators. Technological developments, such as transportation network companies, car-sharing operations, and driverless cars, have added more options and challenges for airport ground transportation operations. The TRB Airport Cooperative Research Program's ACRP Legal Research Digest 39: Updated Survey of Laws and Regulations Applicable to Airport Commercial Ground Transportation builds on ACRP LRD 3: Survey of Laws and Regulations of Airport Commercial Ground Transportation from 2008 and synthesizes available guidance, including regulations, statutes, policies, and case decisions (administrative or court) pertaining to commercial ground transportation. ER - TY - BOOK AU - Transportation Research Board AU - National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine A2 - Eric T. Smith TI - Legal Issues Relating to Airports Promoting Competition DO - 10.17226/25479 PY - 2019 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/25479/legal-issues-relating-to-airports-promoting-competition PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Transportation and Infrastructure AB - The TRB' Airport Cooperative Research Program's ACRP LRD 37: Legal Issues Relating to Airports Promoting Competition explores permissible means and methods of encouraging and accommodating competition at U.S. airports. It discusses the history of how competition has been addressed by government and airports and provides the context of the concentration of air carriers and fixed-base operators (FBOs), the accommodation of air carriers with differing business models, and avoiding the grant of exclusive rights when aeronautical service providers merge. Competition among airlines and FBOs at U.S. airports presents a myriad of issues for the airport sponsor, its executives and for local elected officials—all of whom themselves often face multidimensional challenges and needs. U.S. airports, and especially those which have used federal airport improvement funds, operate within a unique atmosphere. Congress, through the enactment of airport funding legislation, created a broad and general framework within which airport sponsors must operate. Much of this general framework has been supplemented by United States Department of Transportation / Federal Aviation Administration and provides airport sponsors with some further guidelines within which airports must operate. This framework/guidance, however, relies largely upon general standards such as dealing with airlines and FBOs in a “reasonable” and “not unjustly discriminatory” manner. Given this fact, the resolution of competition issues at any particular airport is necessarily highly dependent upon the locally derived factual context and, therefore, requires locally derived solutions. ER - TY - BOOK AU - Transportation Research Board AU - National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine A2 - Larry W. Thomas TI - Impact of Firearms Laws on Airports DO - 10.17226/23597 PY - 2016 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/23597/impact-of-firearms-laws-on-airports PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Transportation and Infrastructure AB - TRB's Airport Cooperative Research Program (ACRP) Legal Research Digest 29: Impact of Firearms Laws on Airports analyzes recent court cases on federal and state laws that have been challenged for restricting or prohibiting the carrying of firearms in public and other places.The right to carry guns at airports is subject to the U.S. Constitution, federal and state legislation, and judicial decisions. Some state laws allow guns to be carried openly in public places. Most state laws regulate how guns are to be carried in a vehicle or left in a public or an employer’s parking lot. These and other state laws also have ramifications for commercial airports in the United States.Accompanying the report are appendices available online:Appendix A: Survey Questions Appendix B: List of Airports and Airport Authorities Responding to the Survey Appendix C: Summary of Responses by Airports and Airport Authorities to the Survey Appendix D: ACRP Web Only Document 29: Compendium of State and Federal Laws Affecting the Possession of Firearms at Airports Appendix E: Airport Ordinances, Policies, and Rules and Regulations Provided by Airports Responding to the Survey ER - TY - BOOK AU - Transportation Research Board AU - National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine A2 - Peter J. Kirsch A2 - Adam E. Gerchick A2 - Terry Kagler A2 - Michael Spitzer TI - Airports Responding to Public Health Emergencies: Legal Considerations DO - 10.17226/26945 PY - 2023 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/26945/airports-responding-to-public-health-emergencies-legal-considerations PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Transportation and Infrastructure AB - The collapse in U.S. air traffic during the start of the COVID-19 pandemic illustrates the speed with which a severe public health emergency can devastate the air travel industry. It further illustrates how quickly an airport operator may have to react to a public health crisis. The TRB Airport Cooperative Research Program's ACRP Legal Research Digest 44: Airports Responding to Public Health Emergencies: Legal Considerations is designed to help airport sponsors and other stakeholders in the airport industry consider potential legal questions that they could confront as they address a future public health emergency. ER - TY - BOOK AU - Transportation Research Board AU - National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine TI - Analysis of Federal Laws, Regulations, and Case Law Regarding Airport Proprietary Rights DO - 10.17226/22928 PY - 2010 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/22928/analysis-of-federal-laws-regulations-and-case-law-regarding-airport-proprietary-rights PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Transportation and Infrastructure AB - TRB’s Airport Cooperative Research Program (ACRP) Legal Research Digest 10: Analysis of Federal Laws, Regulations, and Case Law Regarding Airport Proprietary Rights explores airport proprietary rights, including regulation of noise, other environmental matters, safety restrictions, leasing practices, congestion management, and other airport access limitations. The report examines relevant statutes, regulations, and case decisions determining the scope of airport proprietary rights—the rights within the owner’s purview and those which have been determined to exceed the owner’s authority. ER - TY - BOOK AU - Transportation Research Board AU - National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine A2 - John E. Putnam A2 - Lala T. Wu A2 - Stephanie J. Tatham TI - State and Federal Regulations That May Affect Initiatives to Reduce Airports’ GHG Emissions DO - 10.17226/22671 PY - 2012 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/22671/state-and-federal-regulations-that-may-affect-initiatives-to-reduce-airports-ghg-emissions PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Transportation and Infrastructure AB - TRB’s Airport Cooperative Research Program (ACRP) Legal Research Digest 17: State and Federal Regulations that May Affect Initiatives to Reduce Airports’ GHG Emissions addresses issues that are relevant to implementing greenhouse gas (GHG) mitigation measures at airports. The report also provides a compilation of carbon reduction initiatives at airports that distinguish between green building requirements and other building code directives, and efforts directed at reducing aircraft GHG emissions. The report also identifies and discusses the range of federal, state, and local legal issues that may be associated with the implementation of these types of measures. ER - TY - BOOK AU - Transportation Research Board AU - National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine TI - Sovereign Immunity for Public Airport Operations DO - 10.17226/22165 PY - 2015 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/22165/sovereign-immunity-for-public-airport-operations PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Transportation and Infrastructure AB - TRB’s Airport Cooperative Research Program (ACRP) Legal Research Digest 24: Sovereign Immunity for Public Airport Operations examines sovereign immunity as it applies to public airports that are owned and operated by units of local government or regional governmental authorities. This report summarizes the extent of sovereign immunity granted to airports from state to state. Appendix A provides a table of cases, and Appendix B contains a chart of authorities. ER - TY - BOOK AU - Transportation Research Board AU - National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine A2 - Jodi L. Howick TI - Compilation of State Airport Authorizing Legislation DO - 10.17226/22735 PY - 2012 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/22735/compilation-of-state-airport-authorizing-legislation PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Transportation and Infrastructure AB - TRB’s Airport Cooperative Research Program (ACRP) Legal Research Digest 15: Compilation of State Airport Authorizing Legislation presents information pertaining to each state’s airport-specific legislation, including laws establishing, developing, operating, expanding, and funding airports. The compilation focuses on legislation expressly applicable to public airports rather than legislation applicable to local governments generally. It compares and contrasts zoning and land use; purchasing authority; commercial operations; ground transportation, funding, and taxing authority; law enforcement; and sovereign immunity. ER - TY - BOOK AU - Transportation Research Board AU - National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine A2 - Jodi L. Howick TI - Regulations Affecting the Exercise of First Amendment Activities at Airports DO - 10.17226/22099 PY - 2015 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/22099/regulations-affecting-the-exercise-of-first-amendment-activities-at-airports PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Transportation and Infrastructure AB - TRB’s Airport Cooperative Research Program (ACRP) Legal Research Digest 26: Regulations Affecting the Exercise of First Amendment Activities at Airports provides an overview of the different First Amendment activities that occur at airports, the issues that generally affect them, and the legal challenges to airport policies, while laying out the history of case law. ER - TY - BOOK AU - Transportation Research Board AU - National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine A2 - Douglas J. Rillstone A2 - Caroleen M. Dineen TI - Airport Responsibility for Wildlife Management DO - 10.17226/22517 PY - 2013 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/22517/airport-responsibility-for-wildlife-management PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Transportation and Infrastructure AB - TRB’s Airport Cooperative Research Program (ACRP) Legal Research Digest 20: Airport Responsibility for Wildlife Management compiles the laws and regulations pertaining to wildlife hazard management and discusses mitigation techniques applicable to airport operators. ER - TY - BOOK AU - Transportation Research Board AU - National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine A2 - Timothy R. Wyatt TI - The Role of the Airport Sponsor in Airport Planning and Environmental Reviews of Proposed Development Projects Under the National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) and State Mini-NEPA Laws DO - 10.17226/22386 PY - 2014 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/22386/the-role-of-the-airport-sponsor-in-airport-planning-and-environmental-reviews-of-proposed-development-projects-under-the-national-environmental-policy-act-nepa-and-state-mini-nepa-laws PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Transportation and Infrastructure AB - TRB’s Airport Cooperative Research Program (ACRP) Legal Research Digest 22: The Role of the Airport Sponsor in Airport Planning and Environmental Reviews of Proposed Development Projects Under the National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) and State Mini-NEPA Laws provides a summary of relevant federal and state environmental review statutes and regulations, the different stages of the NEPA environmental review and actions, “special-purpose” environmental laws, and the roles and responsibilities of the various stakeholders.Interspersed throughout the digest are specific project survey results relating to the specific topic being addressed. ER - TY - BOOK AU - Transportation Research Board AU - National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine A2 - Sarah E. Wilbanks A2 - Steven L. Osit TI - Airport Customer Facility Charges: Analysis of Laws, Regulations, and Case Law DO - 10.17226/27049 PY - 2023 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/27049/airport-customer-facility-charges-analysis-of-laws-regulations-and-case-law PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Transportation and Infrastructure AB - Customer facility charges (CFCs) are imposed by airport proprietors on customers of rental car companies at airports to pay for capital and operating costs of rental car facilities. CFCs have relatively little federal regulatory oversight, and most are implemented through local municipal acts and/or contractual arrangements. Recently, challenges to the imposition and use of CFCs and other airport fees and charges have been mounted in several states.ACRP Legal Research Digest 45: Airport Customer Facility Charges: Analysis of Laws, Regulations, and Case Law, from TRB's Airport Cooperative Research Program, examines legal issues arising under state and federal law from the imposition and use of CFCs. The digest includes an inventory of state-level authorizing legislation in jurisdictions that regulate CFCs. Judicial decisions regarding the collection and use of CFCs and related issues are also analyzed. ER - TY - BOOK AU - Transportation Research Board AU - National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine TI - A Guide for Compliance with Grant Agreement Obligations to Provide Reasonable Access to an AIP-Funded Public Use General Aviation Airport DO - 10.17226/22208 PY - 2015 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/22208/a-guide-for-compliance-with-grant-agreement-obligations-to-provide-reasonable-access-to-an-aip-funded-public-use-general-aviation-airport PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Transportation and Infrastructure AB - TRB’s Airport Cooperative Research Program (ACRP) Legal Research Digest 23: A Guide for Compliance with Grant Agreement Obligations to Provide Reasonable Access to an AIP-Funded Public Use General Aviation Airport describes the assurances made by airport sponsors that receive grants from the U.S. Federal Aviation Administration, and how these assurances limit the sponsor from unreasonably restricting access for aeronautical activity at general aviation airports. ER - TY - BOOK AU - Transportation Research Board AU - National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine TI - The Right to Self-Fuel DO - 10.17226/22985 PY - 2009 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/22985/the-right-to-self-fuel PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Transportation and Infrastructure AB - TRB’s Airport Cooperative Research Program (ACRP) Legal Research Digest 8: The Right to Self-Fuel explores the meaning of and constraints involved with self-fueling at airports. ER - TY - BOOK AU - Transportation Research Board AU - National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine TI - Compilation of Airport Law Resources DO - 10.17226/23280 PY - 2008 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/23280/compilation-of-airport-law-resources PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Transportation and Infrastructure AB - TRB’s Airport Cooperative Research Program (ACRP) Legal Research Digest 1: Compilation of Airport Law Resources identifies federal resources for conducting research on airport law topics and monitoring development within the area of airport law. The report also includes an index of airport law topics and federal sources of airport law information. ER -