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OCR for page 1226
Dietary Reference Intakes for Energy, Carbohydrate, Fiber, Fat, Fatty Acids, Cholesterol, Protein, and Amino Acids
K
Data Comparing Carbohydrate Intake to Intake of Other Nutrients from the Continuing Survey of Food Intakes by Individuals (CSFII), 1994–1996, 1998
TABLE K-1 Median Nutrient Intakes by Carbohydrate Intake as Percentage of Total Energy, Children 1 Through 3 Years of Age, United States, CSFII (1994–1996, 1998)
Nutrient
Carbohydrate Intake as Percentage of Total Energy
< 35%
35 ≤ to < 45%
45 ≤ to < 55%
n
18
379
1,579
Total energy (kcal)
1,306
1,402
Standard error
25
13
Carbohydrate (g)
135.0
178.0
Standard error
2.7
1.6
Carbohydrate (% energy)
41.3
51.1
Standard error
0.3
0.2
Fiber (g)
6.4
8.7
Standard error
0.2
0.1
Fat (g)
61.0
55.8
Standard error
1.3
0.6
Fat (% energy)
41.9
34.8
Standard error
0.3
0.2
Saturated fat (g)
26.1
22.4
Standard error
0.6
0.3
Saturated fat (% energy)
17.8
14.1
Standard error
0.2
0.1
OCR for page 1227
Dietary Reference Intakes for Energy, Carbohydrate, Fiber, Fat, Fatty Acids, Cholesterol, Protein, and Amino Acids
55 ≤ to < 65%
65 ≤ to < 75%
≥ 75%
1,428
353
20
1,385
1,253
13
24
206.0
213.0
1.9
4.2
59.7
68.2
0.2
0.3
10.0
10.3
0.1
0.3
44.9
31.5
0.5
0.8
28.7
22.0
0.2
0.4
17.3
11.7
0.2
0.3
11.1
8.3
0.1
0.1
OCR for page 1228
Dietary Reference Intakes for Energy, Carbohydrate, Fiber, Fat, Fatty Acids, Cholesterol, Protein, and Amino Acids
Nutrient
Carbohydrate Intake as Percentage of Total Energy
< 35%
35 ≤ to < 45%
45 ≤ to < 55%
Fatty acid 18:2 (g)
6.9
7.6
Standard error
0.2
0.1
Fatty acid 18:2 (% energy)
4.8
4.8
Standard error
0.1
0.1
Thiamin (mg)
1.03
1.17
Standard error
0.02
0.01
Riboflavin (mg)
1.81
1.77
Standard error
0.04
0.02
Niacin (mg)
11.4
13.5
Standard error
0.3
0.2
Vitamin B6 (mg)
1.10
1.31
Standard error
0.03
0.02
Vitamin B12 (µg)
4.11
3.38
Standard error
0.10
0.05
Folate (µg)
166
205
Standard error
5
3
Vitamin C (mg)
57
84
Standard error
2
2
Iron (mg)
8.6
10.6
Standard error
0.2
0.1
Zinc (mg)
8.0
7.9
Standard error
0.2
0.1
Calcium (mg)
972
877
Standard error
28
11
NOTE: Data are limited to individuals who provided complete and reliable 24-hour dietary recalls on Day 1 and Day 2. Individuals were assigned to ranges of energy intake from carbohydrates based on unadjusted 2-day average intakes. Estimates of nutrient intake were adjusted using the Iowa State University method to provide estimates of usual intake. Medians and standard errors were obtained using C-Side. Standard errors were estimated via jackknife replication. Each standard error has 43 degrees of freedom. Children fed human milk or who reported no food intake for a day were excluded from the analysis.
DATA SOURCE: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service.
SOURCE: ENVIRON International Corporation and Iowa State University Department of Statistics, 2001.
OCR for page 1229
Dietary Reference Intakes for Energy, Carbohydrate, Fiber, Fat, Fatty Acids, Cholesterol, Protein, and Amino Acids
55 ≤ to < 65%
65 ≤ to < 75%
≥ 75%
6.7
4.9
0.1
0.2
4.3
3.4
0.1
0.1
1.19
1.12
0.01
0.02
1.65
1.44
0.02
0.03
13.5
12.6
0.2
0.3
1.37
1.38
0.02
0.03
2.9
2.28
0.05
0.08
222
219
3
6
114
131
2
5
11.3
11.5
0.2
0.3
7.2
6.4
0.1
0.2
769
623
10
17
OCR for page 1230
Dietary Reference Intakes for Energy, Carbohydrate, Fiber, Fat, Fatty Acids, Cholesterol, Protein, and Amino Acids
TABLE K-2 Median Nutrient Intakes by Carbohydrate Intake as Percentage of Total Energy, Children 4 Through 8 Years of Age, United States, CSFII (1994–1996, 1998)
Nutrient
Carbohydrate Intake as Percentage of Total Energy
< 35%
35 ≤ to < 45%
45 ≤ to < 55%
n
16
288
1,620
Total energy (kcal)
1,824
1,801
Standard error
32
15
Carbohydrate (g)
188.0
231.0
Standard error
3.4
1.9
Carbohydrate (% energy)
41.4
51.5
Standard error
0.4
0.2
Fiber (g)
10.4
11.9
Standard error
0.3
0.2
Fat (g)
86.4
71.1
Standard error
1.8
0.7
Fat (% energy)
42.0
34.9
Standard error
0.3
0.1
Saturated fat (g)
32.5
26.7
Standard error
0.7
0.3
Saturated fat (% energy)
15.8
13.1
Standard error
0.2
0.1
Fatty acid 18:2 (g)
12.2
10.6
Standard error
0.4
0.1
Fatty acid 18:2 (% energy)
5.9
5.2
Standard error
0.1
0.1
Thiamin (mg)
1.37
1.48
Standard error
0.03
0.02
Riboflavin (mg)
1.95
1.99
Standard error
0.04
0.02
Niacin (mg)
18.9
18.5
Standard error
0.5
0.2
Vitamin B6 (mg)
1.46
1.55
Standard error
0.04
0.02
Vitamin B12 (µg)
4.68
4.20
Standard error
0.15
0.07
Folate (µg)
218
257
Standard error
6
4
Vitamin C (mg)
65
81
Standard error
3
2
Iron (mg)
11.9
13.4
Standard error
0.3
0.2
Zinc (mg)
10.7
9.9
Standard error
0.3
0.1
Calcium (mg)
948
903
Standard error
28
11
NOTE: Data are limited to individuals who provided complete and reliable 24-hour dietary recalls on Day 1 and Day 2. Individuals were assigned to ranges of energy intake from carbohydrates based on unadjusted 2-day average intakes. Estimates of nutrient intake were adjusted using the Iowa State University method to provide estimates of usual intake. Medians and standard errors were obtained using C-Side. Standard errors were estimated via jackknife replication. Each standard error has 43 degrees of freedom. Children fed human milk or who reported no food intake for a day were excluded from the analysis.
DATA SOURCE: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service.
SOURCE: ENVIRON International Corporation and Iowa State University Department of Statistics, 2001.
OCR for page 1231
Dietary Reference Intakes for Energy, Carbohydrate, Fiber, Fat, Fatty Acids, Cholesterol, Protein, and Amino Acids
55 ≤ to < 65%
65 ≤ to < 75%
≥ 75%
1,562
275
8
1,715
1,626
13
34
254.0
277.0
2.0
4.8
59.3
67.6
0.2
0.4
12.0
12.3
0.1
0.4
56.6
42.2
0.5
1.1
29.4
23.1
0.1
0.3
20.7
15.3
0.2
0.4
10.7
8.4
0.1
0.2
8.9
7.1
0.1
0.2
4.6
3.8
0.0
0.1
1.50
1.36
0.01
0.04
1.94
1.72
0.02
0.05
17.6
15.2
0.2
0.4
1.61
1.45
0.02
0.04
3.46
2.58
0.05
0.10
275
255
4
9
105
114
2
5
13.8
12.5
0.2
0.4
9.0
7.4
0.1
0.2
836
741
10
23
OCR for page 1232
Dietary Reference Intakes for Energy, Carbohydrate, Fiber, Fat, Fatty Acids, Cholesterol, Protein, and Amino Acids
TABLE K-3 Median Nutrient Intakes by Carbohydrate Intake as Percentage of Total Energy, Boys 9 Through 18 Years of Age, United States, CSFII (1994–1996, 1998)
Nutrient
Carbohydrate Intake as Percentage of Total Energy
< 35%
35 ≤ to < 45%
45 ≤ to < 55%
n
8
115
484
Total energy (kcal)
2,476
2,512
Standard error
88
45
Carbohydrate (g)
262.0
319.0
Standard error
9.6
5.9
Carbohydrate (% energy)
42.5
50.9
Standard error
0.7
0.3
Fiber (g)
13.9
15.6
Standard error
0.8
0.4
Fat (g)
115.0
101.0
Standard error
4.6
2.0
Fat (% energy)
40.1
35.5
Standard error
0.5
0.3
Saturated fat (g)
41.5
36.4
Standard error
1.8
0.8
Saturated fat (% energy)
14.8
12.7
Standard error
0.3
0.2
Fatty acid 18:2 (g)
17.4
15.2
Standard error
0.9
0.4
Fatty acid 18:2 (% energy)
6.4
5.3
Standard error
0.2
0.1
Thiamin (mg)
1.84
1.92
Standard error
0.08
0.04
Riboflavin (mg)
2.35
2.44
Standard error
0.10
0.05
Niacin (mg)
25.3
25.1
Standard error
1.0
0.6
Vitamin B6 (mg)
1.91
2.02
Standard error
0.08
0.05
Vitamin B12 (µg)
6.19
5.50
Standard error
0.32
0.16
Folate (µg)
232
278
Standard error
13
8
Vitamin C (mg)
87
88
Standard error
7
4
Iron (mg)
16.0
17.7
Standard error
0.7
0.4
Zinc (mg)
14.3
14.1
Standard error
0.6
0.3
Calcium (mg)
1,105
1,091
Standard error
61
27
NOTE: Data are limited to individuals who provided complete and reliable 24-hour dietary recalls on Day 1 and Day 2. Individuals were assigned to ranges of energy intake from carbohydrates based on unadjusted 2-day average intakes. Estimates of nutrient intake were adjusted using the Iowa State University method to provide estimates of usual intake. Medians and standard errors were obtained using C-Side. Standard errors were estimated via jackknife replication. Each standard error has 43 degrees of freedom. Boys who reported no food intake for a day were excluded from the analysis.
DATA SOURCE: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service.
SOURCE: ENVIRON International Corporation and Iowa State University Department of Statistics, 2001.
OCR for page 1233
Dietary Reference Intakes for Energy, Carbohydrate, Fiber, Fat, Fatty Acids, Cholesterol, Protein, and Amino Acids
55 ≤ to < 65%
65 ≤ to < 75%
≥ 75%
343
61
8
2,467
2,335
55
114
370.0
391.0
8.5
20.3
59.7
66.1
0.5
0.9
16.6
17.6
0.5
1.3
80.0
60.0
2.1
3.4
28.9
23.5
0.4
0.8
28.0
20.9
0.7
1.3
10.1
8.2
0.2
0.3
12.7
10.6
0.4
0.7
4.5
4.1
0.1
0.2
2.13
2.07
0.06
0.13
2.47
2.44
0.07
0.16
25.5
25.1
0.7
1.6
2.10
2.33
0.07
0.18
4.70
4.40
0.17
0.45
329
356
11
29
126
143
6
15
19.3
20.7
0.6
1.3
12.3
11.2
0.4
0.8
1,043
958
31
62
OCR for page 1234
Dietary Reference Intakes for Energy, Carbohydrate, Fiber, Fat, Fatty Acids, Cholesterol, Protein, and Amino Acids
TABLE K-4 Median Nutrient Intakes by Carbohydrate Intake as Percentage of Total Energy, Men 19 Through 50 Years of Age, United States, CSFII (1994–1996, 1998)
Nutrient
Carbohydrate Intake as Percentage of Total Energy
< 35%
35 ≤ to < 45%
45 ≤ to < 55%
n
173
686
1,088
Total energy (kcal)
2,707
2,650
2,588
Standard error
92
47
32
Carbohydrate (g)
203.0
277.0
324.0
Standard error
7.3
5.1
4.1
Carbohydrate (% energy)
30.3
42.2
50.5
Standard error
0.7
0.4
0.3
Fiber (g)
13.1
16.7
18.2
Standard error
0.6
0.4
0.3
Fat (g)
125.0
112.0
97.0
Standard error
4.5
2.4
1.4
Fat (% energy)
42.6
37.4
33.4
Standard error
0.8
0.3
0.2
Saturated fat (g)
43.2
38.5
32.6
Standard error
1.7
0.9
0.5
Saturated fat (% energy)
14.6
12.7
11.1
Standard error
0.3
0.1
0.1
Fatty acid 18:2 (g)
20.0
18.9
17.0
Standard error
1.0
0.5
0.3
Fatty acid 18:2 (% energy)
6.7
6.2
5.8
Standard error
0.3
0.1
0.1
Thiamin (mg)
1.67
1.86
1.93
Standard error
0.07
0.04
0.03
Riboflavin (mg)
2.29
2.22
2.22
Standard error
0.09
0.04
0.03
Niacin (mg)
30.9
29.8
28.6
Standard error
1.2
0.6
0.4
Vitamin B6 (mg)
2.35
2.15
2.11
Standard error
0.09
0.05
0.03
Vitamin B12 (µg)
7.90
7.60
5.50
Standard error
0.40
0.31
0.15
Folate (µg)
257
261
287
Standard error
12
6
5
Vitamin C (mg)
69
81
97
Standard error
5
3
3
Iron (mg)
16.3
17.6
18.3
Standard error
0.6
0.4
0.3
Zinc (mg)
18.0
15.8
13.7
Standard error
0.8
0.4
0.2
Calcium (mg)
858
885
910
Standard error
41
24
17
NOTE: Data are limited to individuals who provided complete and reliable 24-hour dietary recalls on Day 1 and Day 2. Individuals were assigned to ranges of energy intake from carbohydrates based on unadjusted 2-day average intakes. Estimates of nutrient intake were adjusted using the Iowa State University method to provide estimates of usual intake. Medians and standard errors were obtained using C-Side. Standard errors were estimated via jackknife replication. Each standard error has 43 degrees of freedom. Men who reported no food intake for a day were excluded from the analysis.
DATA SOURCE: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service.
SOURCE: ENVIRON International Corporation and Iowa State University Department of Statistics, 2001.
OCR for page 1235
Dietary Reference Intakes for Energy, Carbohydrate, Fiber, Fat, Fatty Acids, Cholesterol, Protein, and Amino Acids
55 ≤ to < 65%
65 ≤ to < 75%
≥ 75%
493
84
9
2,431
2,082
43
94
360.0
365.0
6.9
15.4
59.2
69.3
0.5
1.3
19.8
19.9
0.5
1.6
77.0
46.4
1.6
3.1
28.0
19.0
0.3
1.0
25.5
14.5
0.7
1.1
9.2
5.2
0.1
0.4
13.9
9.1
0.4
0.7
5.0
3.7
0.1
0.3
1.96
1.84
0.04
0.15
2.13
1.89
0.05
0.16
26.2
23.7
0.6
1.7
2.09
2.08
0.06
0.18
4.40
3.37
0.17
0.36
309
310
9
30
115
126
5
14
18.7
17.5
0.4
1.3
12.0
10.1
0.3
0.8
850
724
24
56
OCR for page 1236
Dietary Reference Intakes for Energy, Carbohydrate, Fiber, Fat, Fatty Acids, Cholesterol, Protein, and Amino Acids
TABLE K-5 Median Nutrient Intakes by Carbohydrate Intake as Percentage of Total Energy, Men 51 Years of Age and Older, United States, CSFII (1994–1996, 1998)
Nutrient
Carbohydrate Intake as Percentage of Total Energy
< 35%
35 ≤ to < 45%
45 ≤ to < 55%
n
156
604
903
Total energy (kcal)
2,059
2,081
2,035
Standard error
75
36
26
Carbohydrate (g)
153.0
213.0
255.0
Standard error
6.2
3.8
3.4
Carbohydrate (% energy)
30.6
41.1
50.1
Standard error
0.8
0.3
0.3
Fiber (g)
11.2
15.3
17.6
Standard error
0.6
0.4
0.3
Fat (g)
98.0
91.0
78.0
Standard error
4.4
1.9
1.2
Fat (% energy)
42.7
39.0
34.2
Standard error
0.8
0.4
0.3
Saturated fat (g)
31.9
30.1
25.6
Standard error
1.6
0.7
0.5
Saturated fat (% energy)
14.1
12.9
11.2
Standard error
0.4
0.2
0.1
Fatty acid 18:2 (g)
16.9
15.9
13.7
Standard error
1.0
0.4
0.3
Fatty acid 18:2 (% energy)
6.9
6.7
6.0
Standard error
0.3
0.1
0.1
Thiamin (mg)
1.42
1.59
1.68
Standard error
0.07
0.03
0.03
Riboflavin (mg)
1.84
1.94
1.97
Standard error
0.08
0.04
0.03
Niacin (mg)
25.7
24.2
23.9
Standard error
1.2
0.5
0.4
Vitamin B6 (mg)
1.85
1.84
1.93
Standard error
0.09
0.04
0.03
Vitamin B12 (µg)
6.07
5.60
5.50
Standard error
0.37
0.19
0.20
Folate (µg)
202
245
272
Standard error
10
6
5
Vitamin C (mg)
70
70
93
Standard error
7
3
3
Iron (mg)
13.4
14.7
16.4
Standard error
0.6
0.3
0.3
Zinc (mg)
13.8
12.7
11.5
Standard error
0.7
0.3
0.2
Calcium (mg)
618
716
761
Standard error
36
17
15
NOTE: Data are limited to individuals who provided complete and reliable 24-hour dietary recalls on Day 1 and Day 2. Individuals were assigned to ranges of energy intake from carbohydrates based on unadjusted 2-day average intakes. Estimates of nutrient intake were adjusted using the Iowa State University method to provide estimates of usual intake. Medians and standard errors were obtained using C-Side. Standard errors were estimated via jackknife replication. Each standard error has 43 degrees of freedom. Men who reported no food intake for a day were excluded from the analysis.
DATA SOURCE: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service.
SOURCE: ENVIRON International Corporation and Iowa State University Department of Statistics, 2001.
OCR for page 1237
Dietary Reference Intakes for Energy, Carbohydrate, Fiber, Fat, Fatty Acids, Cholesterol, Protein, and Amino Acids
55 ≤ to < 65%
65 ≤ to < 75%
≥ 75%
494
106
16
1,954
1,757
35
56
287.0
300.0
4.9
10.1
58.8
67.9
0.4
0.7
20.2
21.6
0.5
1.1
59.0
38.7
1.4
1.8
27.2
20.1
0.3
0.7
18.5
12.8
0.5
0.7
8.5
6.7
0.1
0.4
11.7
6.9
0.3
0.4
5.3
3.5
0.1
0.2
1.81
1.59
0.04
0.07
1.97
1.82
0.05
0.08
23.6
20.4
0.5
1.0
2.08
2.09
0.05
0.13
4.30
3.70
0.18
0.38
303
305
9
19
128
110
5
7
17.6
16.2
0.4
0.9
10.9
8.6
0.3
0.3
727
746
18
32
OCR for page 1238
Dietary Reference Intakes for Energy, Carbohydrate, Fiber, Fat, Fatty Acids, Cholesterol, Protein, and Amino Acids
TABLE K-6 Median Nutrient Intakes by Carbohydrate Intake as Percentage of Total Energy, Girls 9 Through 18 Years of Age, United States, CSFII (1994–1996, 1998)
Nutrient
Carbohydrate Intake as Percentage of Total Energy
< 35%
35 ≤ to < 45%
45 ≤ to < 55%
n
6
108
401
Total energy (kcal)
1,893
1,824
Standard error
71
34
Carbohydrate (g)
196.0
229.0
Standard error
6.9
4.5
Carbohydrate (% energy)
42.2
50.6
Standard error
0.9
0.4
Fiber (g)
10.6
11.6
Standard error
0.5
0.3
Fat (g)
87.8
73.0
Standard error
3.1
1.6
Fat (% energy)
40.8
35.4
Standard error
0.5
0.4
Saturated fat (g)
31.3
25.9
Standard error
1.4
0.6
Saturated fat (% energy)
14.7
12.5
Standard error
0.3
0.2
Fatty acid 18:2 (g)
14.3
11.7
Standard error
0.7
0.3
Fatty acid 18:2 (% energy)
6.7
5.6
Standard error
0.3
0.1
Thiamin (mg)
1.22
1.38
Standard error
0.06
0.03
Riboflavin (mg)
1.74
1.77
Standard error
0.07
0.04
Niacin (mg)
19.3
18.4
Standard error
0.9
0.4
Vitamin B6 (mg)
1.43
1.43
Standard error
0.07
0.04
Vitamin B12 (µg)
4.63
3.91
Standard error
0.30
0.14
Folate (µg)
177
205
Standard error
9
6
Vitamin C (mg)
54
73
Standard error
4
3
Iron (mg)
12.2
12.9
Standard error
0.6
0.3
Zinc (mg)
11.0
10.2
Standard error
0.6
0.3
Calcium (mg)
796
795
Standard error
41
22
NOTE: Data are limited to individuals who provided complete and reliable 24-hour dietary recalls on Day 1 and Day 2. Individuals were assigned to ranges of energy intake from carbohydrates based on unadjusted 2-day average intakes. Estimates of nutrient intake were adjusted using the Iowa State University method to provide estimates of usual intake. Medians and standard errors were obtained using C-Side. Standard errors were estimated via jackknife replication. Each standard error has 43 degrees of freedom. Girls who reported no food intake for a day were excluded from the analysis.
DATA SOURCE: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service.
SOURCE: ENVIRON International Corporation and Iowa State University Department of Statistics, 2001.
OCR for page 1239
Dietary Reference Intakes for Energy, Carbohydrate, Fiber, Fat, Fatty Acids, Cholesterol, Protein, and Amino Acids
55 ≤ to < 65%
65 ≤ to < 75%
≥ 75%
401
90
7
1,853
1,838
36
68
275.0
315.0
5.8
12.1
59.3
68.5
0.3
0.7
13.4
13.9
0.4
0.8
61.5
45.5
1.4
2.1
29.3
22.0
0.3
0.6
21.4
15.3
0.5
0.8
10.2
7.3
0.1
0.3
9.9
7.8
0.3
0.4
4.7
3.9
0.1
0.2
1.46
1.43
0.04
0.07
1.73
1.72
0.05
0.08
18.3
16.5
0.5
0.9
1.53
1.49
0.04
0.08
3.55
2.63
0.14
0.20
237
249
8
17
95
128
4
11
13.6
13.2
0.4
0.7
8.9
7.9
0.2
0.5
743
781
21
45
OCR for page 1240
Dietary Reference Intakes for Energy, Carbohydrate, Fiber, Fat, Fatty Acids, Cholesterol, Protein, and Amino Acids
TABLE K-7 Median Nutrient Intakes by Carbohydrate Intake as Percentage of Total Energy, Women 19 Through 50 Years of Age, United States, CSFII (1994–1996, 1998)
Nutrient
Carbohydrate Intake as Percentage of Total Energy
< 35%
35 ≤ to < 45%
45 ≤ to < 55%
n
109
497
924
Total energy (kcal)
1,656
1,721
1,743
Standard error
63
34
22
Carbohydrate (g)
128.0
176.0
220.0
Standard error
5.1
3.7
2.8
Carbohydrate (% energy)
31.4
41.0
50.6
Standard error
0.8
0.4
0.3
Fiber (g)
9.0
11.1
13.0
Standard error
0.5
0.3
0.2
Fat (g)
81.3
77.0
67.0
Standard error
3.6
1.8
1.1
Fat (% energy)
43.9
39.8
34.0
Standard error
0.9
0.4
0.2
Saturated fat (g)
27.5
25.7
22.4
Standard error
1.4
0.7
0.4
Saturated fat (% energy)
14.7
13.3
11.3
Standard error
0.5
0.2
0.1
Fatty acid 18:2 (g)
13.7
13.8
12.0
Standard error
0.8
0.4
0.3
Fatty acid 18:2 (% energy)
7.4
7.0
6.0
Standard error
0.3
0.2
0.1
Thiamin (mg)
1.10
1.22
1.34
Standard error
0.06
0.03
0.02
Riboflavin (mg)
1.45
1.47
1.55
Standard error
0.07
0.03
0.02
Niacin (mg)
18.7
19.2
19.0
Standard error
1.0
0.4
0.3
Vitamin B6 (mg)
1.30
1.37
1.45
Standard error
0.07
0.03
0.02
Vitamin B12 (µg)
4.76
4.52
3.75
Standard error
0.38
0.20
0.11
Folate (µg)
152
174
214
Standard error
8
5
4
Vitamin C (mg)
45
60
75
Standard error
4
3
2
Iron (mg)
10.2
11.5
12.8
Standard error
0.5
0.3
0.2
Zinc (mg)
10.7
9.8
9.4
Standard error
0.6
0.2
0.2
Calcium (mg)
634
607
635
Standard error
42
16
12
NOTE: Data are limited to individuals who provided complete and reliable 24-hour dietary recalls on Day 1 and Day 2. Individuals were assigned to ranges of energy intake from carbohydrates based on unadjusted 2-day average intakes. Estimates of nutrient intake were adjusted using the Iowa State University method to provide estimates of usual intake. Medians and standard errors were obtained using C-Side. Standard errors were estimated via jackknife replication. Each standard error has 43 degrees of freedom. Women who reported no food intake for a day were excluded from the analysis.
DATA SOURCE: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service.
SOURCE: ENVIRON International Corporation and Iowa State University Department of Statistics, 2001.
OCR for page 1241
Dietary Reference Intakes for Energy, Carbohydrate, Fiber, Fat, Fatty Acids, Cholesterol, Protein, and Amino Acids
55 ≤ to < 65%
65 ≤ to < 75%
≥ 75%
626
176
37
1,666
1,442
1,344
24
48
91
247.0
248.0
284.0
3.8
8.4
17.4
59.1
68.6
80.9
0.3
0.6
1.3
14.0
13.6
14.2
0.3
0.8
1.5
51.8
33.6
18.5
1.0
1.4
2.1
27.8
20.9
11.9
0.3
0.6
0.9
17.1
10.2
5.5
0.4
0.5
0.7
9.1
6.3
3.5
0.1
0.2
0.3
9.7
7.4
3.4
0.2
0.4
0.4
5.1
4.6
2.1
0.1
0.2
0.2
1.38
1.27
1.47
0.03
0.06
0.15
1.59
1.37
1.55
0.03
0.07
0.19
18.5
16.2
15.4
0.4
0.8
1.7
1.53
1.40
1.74
0.04
0.08
0.20
3.28
2.14
2.88
0.13
0.18
0.57
231
237
341
6
14
45
93
92
128
4
7
22
13.2
12.1
14.4
0.3
0.7
1.8
8.6
6.9
7.1
0.2
0.4
0.8
659
540
505
16
29
57
OCR for page 1242
Dietary Reference Intakes for Energy, Carbohydrate, Fiber, Fat, Fatty Acids, Cholesterol, Protein, and Amino Acids
TABLE K-8 Median Nutrient Intakes by Carbohydrate Intake as Percentage of Total Energy, Women 51 Years of Age and Older, United States, CSFII (1994–1996, 1998)
Nutrient
Carbohydrate Intake as Percentage of Total Energy
< 35%
35 ≤ to < 45%
45 ≤ to < 55%
n
77
438
861
Total energy (kcal)
1,394
1,464
1,528
Standard error
72
26
19
Carbohydrate (g)
104.0
147.0
193.0
Standard error
5.8
2.8
2.5
Carbohydrate (% energy)
29.6
40.3
51.0
Standard error
0.9
0.4
0.3
Fiber (g)
7.5
11.2
13.3
Standard error
0.6
0.3
0.2
Fat (g)
71.0
66.2
57.9
Standard error
4.5
1.4
0.9
Fat (% energy)
45.1
40.4
33.6
Standard error
1.2
0.4
0.3
Saturated fat (g)
23.7
21.5
18.7
Standard error
1.6
0.5
0.3
Saturated fat (% energy)
15.3
13.1
10.8
Standard error
0.6
0.2
0.1
Fatty acid 18:2 (g)
11.3
12.3
10.8
Standard error
1.0
0.4
0.2
Fatty acid 18:2 (% energy)
6.9
7.4
6.2
Standard error
0.4
0.2
0.1
Thiamin (mg)
1.01
1.13
1.25
Standard error
0.06
0.03
0.02
Riboflavin (mg)
1.26
1.40
1.53
Standard error
0.06
0.03
0.02
Niacin (mg)
17.1
17.8
17.9
Standard error
1.0
0.4
0.3
Vitamin B6 (mg)
1.20
1.32
1.42
Standard error
0.07
0.03
0.02
Vitamin B12 (µg)
3.38
3.93
3.94
Standard error
0.27
0.19
0.14
Folate (µg)
139
177
209
Standard error
11
5
4
Vitamin C (mg)
45
62
82
Standard error
5
3
2
Iron (mg)
9.2
10.8
11.8
Standard error
0.5
0.2
0.2
Zinc (mg)
8.2
8.9
8.3
Standard error
0.5
0.2
0.1
Calcium (mg)
449
527
586
Standard error
28
15
11
NOTE: Data are limited to individuals who provided complete and reliable 24-hour dietary recalls on Day 1 and Day 2. Individuals were assigned to ranges of energy intake from carbohydrates based on unadjusted 2-day average intakes. Estimates of nutrient intake were adjusted using the Iowa State University method to provide estimates of usual intake. Medians and standard errors were obtained using C-Side. Standard errors were estimated via jackknife replication. Each standard error has 43 degrees of freedom. Women who reported no food intake for a day were excluded from the analysis.
DATA SOURCE: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service.
SOURCE: ENVIRON International Corporation and Iowa State University Department of Statistics, 2001.
OCR for page 1243
Dietary Reference Intakes for Energy, Carbohydrate, Fiber, Fat, Fatty Acids, Cholesterol, Protein, and Amino Acids
55 ≤ to < 65%
65 ≤ to < 75%
≥ 75%
620
147
18
1,422
1,272
22
40
210.0
219.0
3.3
6.9
59.1
69.2
0.4
0.7
15.3
17.6
0.3
0.8
43.4
28.1
0.8
1.2
27.1
19.4
0.3
0.5
13.7
8.2
0.3
0.4
8.6
5.7
0.1
0.2
8.4
5.8
0.2
0.3
5.3
3.9
0.1
0.2
1.28
1.30
0.03
0.05
1.51
1.42
0.03
0.06
17.2
16.2
0.3
0.7
1.54
1.65
0.03
0.07
3.06
2.58
0.10
0.20
232
263
6
12
102
123
3
7
12.3
13.0
0.3
0.6
7.8
7.1
0.2
0.3
604
558
14
27
Representative terms from entire chapter:
carbohydrate intake
