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PAPERBACK + PDF your price: $117.00 add to cart PAPERBACK list:$99.95 Web:$89.95 add to cart HARDBACK list:$119.95 Web:$107.95 add to cart PDF BOOK your price: $76.50 add to cart PDF CHAPTERS your price: $3.90 select Rights & Permissions Free Resources PDF Report Brief PDF EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Display this book on your site! Related Titles Dietary Reference Intakes for Water, Potassium, Sodium, Chloride, and Sulfate Nutrient Composition of Rations for Short-Term, High-Intensity Combat Operations Other Related Titles Dietary Reference Intakes for Energy, Carbohydrate, Fiber, Fat, Fatty Acids, Cholesterol, Protein, and Amino Acids (Macronutrients) (2005) Food and Nutrition Board (FNB) Web Search Builder Use this book's key terms to search within this book, across our collection, or across the Web. Skim This Chapter Skim this chapter and use this chapter's key terms to search within this book. Reference Finder Paste in your own text to find books that relate to your topic. Page 1104   E-mail  Facebook  Digg  Stumble  Twitter More The following HTML text is provided to enhance online readability. Many aspects of typography translate only awkwardly to HTML. Please use the page image as the authoritative form to ensure accuracy. I Doubly Labeled Water Data Used to Predict Energy Expenditure Page 1104 Front Matter (R1-R26) Summary (1-20) 1. Introduction to Dietary Reference Intakes (21-37) 2. Methods and Approaches Used (38-52) 3. Relationship of Macronutrients and Physical Activity to Chronic Disease (53-83) 4. A Model for the Development of Tolerable Upper Intake Levels (84-106) 5. Energy (107-264) 6. Dietary Carbohydrates: Sugars and Starches (265-338) 7. Dietary, Functional, and Total Fiber (339-421) 8. Dietary Fats: Total Fat and Fatty Acids (422-541) 9. Cholesterol (542-588) 10. Protein and Amino Acids (589-768) 11. Macronutrients and Healthful Diets (769-879) 12. Physical Activity (880-935) 13. Applications of Dietary Reference Intakes for Macronutrients (936-967) 14. A Research Agenda (968-971) Appendix A: Glossary and Acronyms (972-977) Appendix B: Origin and Framework of the Development of Dietary Reference Intakes (978-984) Appendix C: Acknowledgments (985-987) Appendix D: Dietary Intake Data from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III), 1988-1994 (988-1027) Appendix E: Dietary Intake Data from the Continuing Survey of Food Intakes by Individuals (CSFII) 1994-1996, 1998 (1028-1065) Appendix F: Canadian Dietary Intake Data, 1990-1997 (1066-1075) Appendix G: Special Analyses for Dietary Fats (1076-1077) Appendix H: Body Composition Data Based on the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III), 1988-1994 (1078-1103) Appendix I: Doubly Labeled Water Data Used to Predict Energy Expenditure (1104-1202) Appendix J: Association of Added Sugar Intake and Intake of Other Nutrients (1203-1225) Appendix K: Data Comparing Carbohydrate Intake to Intake of Other Nutrients from the Continuing Survey of Food Intakes by Individuals (CSFII), 1994-1996, 1998 (1226-1243) Appendix L: Options for Dealing with Uncertainties (1244-1249) Appendix M: Nitrogen Balance Studies Used to Estimate the Protein Requirements in Adults (1250-1258) Biographical Sketches of Panel and Subcommittee Members (1259-1274) Index (1275-1318) Summary Tables, Dietary Reference Intakes (1319-1331)

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Dietary Reference Intakes for Energy, Carbohydrate, Fiber, Fat, Fatty Acids, Cholesterol, Protein, and Amino Acids I Doubly Labeled Water Data Used to Predict Energy Expenditure

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Dietary Reference Intakes for Energy, Carbohydrate, Fiber, Fat, Fatty Acids, Cholesterol, Protein, and Amino Acids ACKNOWLEDGMENTS The Panel on Macronutrients would like to thank the following individuals for contributing to the database for doubly labeled water. John Amatruda Linda Bandini Alison Black L-E Bratteby Nancy Butte Dallas Clark Peter S.W. Davies James P. DeLany M. Elia H.J. Emons William J. Evans Anne Marie Fontvieille Chris Forbes-Ewan Gail R. Goldberg Michael I. Goran Randall J. Gretebeck Paul Haggarty Reed W. Hoyt Peter Jones Lori E. Kopp-Hoolihan Helen Lane M. Barbara Livingstone Cheryl Lovelady Claudio Maffeis K.S. Mudambo Daphne Pannemans Renaat Philippaerts Petra Platte Eric Poehlman Andrew M. Prentice S.M. Pulfrey Susan Racette Eric Ravussin Michael Rennie R. Rising J.A. Riumallo Susan Roberts Arline Salbe Dale Schoeller L.O. Schulz James Seale Raymond Starling T.P. Stein M.A. Stroud R. James Stubbs J.L. Thompson Margarita Treuth J.C.K. Wells Klaas Westerterp William Wong

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Dietary Reference Intakes for Energy, Carbohydrate, Fiber, Fat, Fatty Acids, Cholesterol, Protein, and Amino Acids TABLE I-1 Infants and Very Young Children (0 Through 2 Years of Age) Within the 3rd to 97th Percentile for Body Mass Index (BMI) RR Sex Age (y) Height (m) Weight (kg) BMI BEEo (kcal/d) 1 F 0.22 0.59 5.0 14.1 280 1 M 0.22 0.60 5.8 15.9 304 1 M 0.22 0.60 6.3 17.6 369 1 F 0.22 0.59 5.8 16.5 288 1 F 0.22 0.60 5.8 16.4 320 1 F 0.23 0.64 7.2 17.8 392 1 M 0.23 0.61 7.0 18.7 375 1 F 0.23 0.59 5.7 16.5 306 1 F 0.23 0.59 5.0 14.5 263 1 F 0.23 0.58 6.0 17.5 329 1 F 0.23 0.62 6.4 16.9 381 1 M 0.24 0.60 6.0 17.0 NR 1 F 0.24 0.62 6.1 15.6 363 1 F 0.24 0.62 6.9 18.0 405 1 F 0.24 0.60 5.3 14.8 317 1 M 0.24 0.58 5.5 16.3 286 1 F 0.24 0.62 6.0 15.7 371 1 F 0.24 0.58 5.5 16.7 359 1 F 0.24 0.62 6.5 16.8 330 1 F 0.24 0.63 6.2 16.0 319 1 M 0.24 0.62 6.5 16.8 356 1 M 0.24 0.59 5.5 15.8 346 1 F 0.25 0.60 6.0 16.6 326 1 M 0.25 0.65 5.2 14.2 332 1 M 0.25 0.61 6.4 17.2 389 1 M 0.25 0.61 7.2 19.2 NR 1 M 0.25 0.63 6.3 15.8 334 1 M 0.25 0.62 6.0 15.6 404 1 F 0.25 0.60 6.7 18.5 336 1 M 0.25 0.60 5.2 14.4 354 1 M 0.25 0.65 7.5 17.6 435 1 F 0.25 0.60 5.3 15.0 304 1 M 0.25 0.60 5.6 15.7 362 1 F 0.26 0.60 5.5 15.5 305 1 F 0.26 0.60 6.1 17.1 338 1 F 0.26 0.59 6.0 17.4 361 1 F 0.26 0.62 5.8 15.3 358 1 F 0.26 0.64 7.4 18.0 NR 1 F 0.26 0.62 6.6 17.6 346 1 M 0.26 0.62 6.3 16.2 321 1 F 0.26 0.60 6.1 16.6 349 1 M 0.26 0.62 6.9 17.9 366 1 F 0.26 0.60 6.4 18.0 NR 1 M 0.26 0.60 6.4 18.0 328

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Dietary Reference Intakes for Energy, Carbohydrate, Fiber, Fat, Fatty Acids, Cholesterol, Protein, and Amino Acids BEEp (kcal/d) TEE (kcal/d) TEE/kg BMRo/kg BMRp/kg 258 391 78.7 56.4 52.1 316 451 77.5 52.3 54.3 345 305 48.3 58.6 54.7 305 370 64.2 50.1 52.9 310 436 74.6 54.7 53.0 389 446 61.8 54.3 54.0 388 381 54.3 53.3 55.2 301 335 58.8 53.7 52.9 262 330 65.5 52.2 52.1 317 351 58.8 55.1 53.1 343 385 60.0 59.4 53.5 328 326 54.3 NA 54.5 323 389 64.1 59.8 53.2 369 563 82.0 59.0 53.8 277 400 75.6 60.0 52.4 299 326 58.9 51.8 54.0 320 565 93.8 61.6 53.2 291 340 61.6 64.9 52.7 349 622 95.6 50.6 53.6 332 322 51.7 51.2 53.3 357 396 61.0 54.8 54.8 298 394 71.5 62.9 54.0 320 321 53.3 54.1 53.2 277 434 84.1 64.3 53.6 353 406 63.0 60.3 54.8 401 516 71.2 NA 55.3 347 433 68.3 52.8 54.7 324 445 74.8 67.9 54.4 358 359 53.8 50.3 53.7 276 388 75.4 68.8 53.6 413 517 69.4 58.3 55.4 280 446 83.6 57.0 52.5 303 370 66.0 64.6 54.1 289 302 55.0 55.5 52.7 324 436 71.7 55.5 53.2 322 354 58.6 59.7 53.2 308 412 70.8 61.6 53.0 400 623 84.3 NA 54.1 356 355 53.4 52.2 53.6 344 346 55.0 51.1 54.7 322 390 64.3 57.7 53.2 382 658 95.0 52.8 55.1 340 407 64.0 NA 53.4 353 330 51.2 51.0 54.8

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Dietary Reference Intakes for Energy, Carbohydrate, Fiber, Fat, Fatty Acids, Cholesterol, Protein, and Amino Acids RR Sex Age (y) Height (m) Weight (kg) BMI BEEo (kcal/d) 1 F 0.27 0.60 6.0 16.6 390 1 F 0.27 0.62 5.7 14.8 328 1 F 0.27 0.62 6.6 17.2 331 1 F 0.27 0.60 5.5 15.1 356 1 M 0.27 0.61 5.7 15.3 NR 1 F 0.27 0.60 5.9 16.6 351 1 F 0.27 0.65 7.1 16.9 339 1 M 0.27 0.62 6.6 17.3 401 1 F 0.27 0.61 5.6 15.0 372 1 F 0.27 0.60 5.8 16.1 385 1 F 0.28 0.62 6.5 16.8 402 1 F 0.28 0.61 6.2 16.7 405 1 M 0.28 0.59 5.4 15.9 367 1 F 0.28 0.63 6.6 17.0 379 1 M 0.28 0.63 7.1 18.0 426 1 M 0.28 0.65 7.0 16.8 401 2 F 0.44 0.67 6.9 15.6 390 2 F 0.45 0.68 8.0 17.6 446 2 M 0.46 0.68 7.2 15.6 420 2 F 0.47 0.63 6.4 15.9 380 2 F 0.47 0.68 7.5 16.3 372 2 F 0.47 0.69 8.1 17.0 463 2 F 0.47 0.64 7.3 17.9 462 2 F 0.48 0.66 7.0 16.4 424 2 F 0.48 0.66 7.6 17.6 460 2 F 0.48 0.67 8.1 18.2 407 2 M 0.48 0.67 8.9 19.8 456 2 M 0.48 0.64 6.8 16.7 359 2 F 0.48 0.65 7.6 17.8 420 2 F 0.48 0.64 7.2 17.4 394 2 M 0.48 0.66 7.4 16.8 459 2 M 0.48 0.70 8.1 16.4 548 2 M 0.48 0.72 8.9 17.2 502 2 F 0.48 0.66 7.2 16.3 473 2 F 0.49 0.66 7.7 17.8 386 2 M 0.49 0.68 7.2 15.4 411 2 F 0.49 0.69 8.4 17.4 503 2 F 0.49 0.67 8.1 17.9 426 2 M 0.49 0.66 7.9 18.3 448 2 F 0.49 0.65 7.1 16.5 446 2 M 0.49 0.69 8.1 17.3 502 2 F 0.50 0.67 8.4 18.8 438 2 F 0.50 0.64 6.9 16.8 416 2 M 0.50 0.67 7.5 16.5 465 2 F 0.50 0.66 7.8 18.2 411

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Dietary Reference Intakes for Energy, Carbohydrate, Fiber, Fat, Fatty Acids, Cholesterol, Protein, and Amino Acids BEEp (kcal/d) TEE (kcal/d) TEE/kg BMRo/kg BMRp/kg 316 524 87.9 65.4 53.1 300 415 73.2 58.0 52.8 353 389 59.0 50.3 53.6 288 506 92.6 65.2 52.6 310 510 89.1 NA 54.2 314 392 66.3 59.3 53.1 384 542 76.2 47.6 54.0 363 579 87.7 60.8 54.9 298 422 74.8 66.1 52.8 305 391 67.8 66.7 52.9 348 444 68.4 62.0 53.5 332 562 90.4 65.2 53.3 293 410 75.4 67.5 53.9 356 387 58.4 57.1 53.6 395 640 89.6 59.7 55.3 386 391 55.9 57.3 55.2 370 498 72.4 56.6 53.8 437 654 81.5 55.5 54.4 396 433 60.3 58.5 55.3 342 476 74.5 59.5 53.5 405 488 65.4 49.8 54.2 443 501 61.6 56.9 54.5 394 479 65.7 63.4 54.1 379 529 75.2 60.2 53.9 410 611 80.8 60.9 54.2 441 760 93.9 50.3 54.5 497 429 48.4 51.5 56.1 376 452 66.1 52.6 55.1 410 575 76.0 55.4 54.2 388 489 68.0 54.9 54.0 407 599 81.4 62.3 55.4 452 718 88.6 67.6 55.8 500 661 74.2 56.3 56.1 389 716 99.5 65.7 54.0 418 414 53.7 50.1 54.3 396 550 76.7 57.3 55.3 456 607 72.7 60.3 54.6 441 482 59.5 52.6 54.5 437 656 83.4 57.0 55.6 380 494 70.0 63.2 53.9 452 778 96.0 62.0 55.8 457 576 68.8 52.3 54.6 370 419 60.9 60.4 53.8 416 478 63.9 62.0 55.5 426 740 94.4 52.4 54.4

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Dietary Reference Intakes for Energy, Carbohydrate, Fiber, Fat, Fatty Acids, Cholesterol, Protein, and Amino Acids RR Sex Age (y) Height (m) Weight (kg) BMI BEEo (kcal/d) 2 F 0.50 0.67 7.1 16.0 500 2 M 0.50 0.69 9.3 19.7 553 2 F 0.50 0.66 7.4 17.0 501 2 M 0.50 0.68 8.3 18.2 474 2 F 0.50 0.64 7.2 17.5 423 2 F 0.50 0.68 7.0 15.3 417 2 F 0.51 0.65 8.3 19.6 452 2 F 0.51 0.71 9.1 18.1 519 2 M 0.51 0.68 7.9 17.2 487 2 F 0.51 0.68 8.0 17.4 444 2 M 0.51 0.67 9.1 20.2 494 2 F 0.51 0.68 7.5 16.1 405 2 F 0.51 0.67 6.9 15.5 426 2 M 0.52 0.64 6.5 15.6 413 2 M 0.52 0.69 7.8 16.4 445 2 F 0.52 0.67 7.8 17.3 477 2 M 0.52 0.67 8.4 18.6 538 2 M 0.52 0.69 8.0 16.8 532 2 F 0.53 0.67 7.4 16.6 425 2 M 0.53 0.66 7.3 16.8 431 2 F 0.53 0.67 6.6 14.9 394 2 M 0.53 0.69 8.4 17.5 529 2 F 0.53 0.68 7.6 16.4 487 2 F 0.54 0.69 8.4 17.9 485 2 F 0.54 0.70 8.8 17.8 522 2 M 0.55 0.69 8.4 17.8 445 2 F 0.56 0.69 8.7 18.2 475 3 M 0.73 0.71 8.2 16.3 555 3 F 0.73 0.70 8.2 16.7 496 3 M 0.73 0.69 7.3 15.6 498 3 F 0.73 0.71 8.2 16.2 514 3 M 0.73 0.73 10.6 19.9 621 3 F 0.74 0.73 9.5 17.8 497 3 F 0.74 0.69 7.2 15.2 473 3 F 0.74 0.74 9.3 16.9 592 3 F 0.74 0.72 8.3 16.0 NR 3 F 0.74 0.71 8.0 15.7 511 3 M 0.74 0.75 10.0 17.7 566 3 F 0.74 0.73 8.9 17.0 478 3 F 0.74 0.70 9.2 18.5 554 3 F 0.74 0.74 10.3 19.1 569 3 F 0.74 0.68 7.9 17.0 485 3 M 0.74 0.74 9.2 17.0 561 3 M 0.74 0.72 8.0 15.4 NR 3 F 0.74 0.69 8.2 17.5 434

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Dietary Reference Intakes for Energy, Carbohydrate, Fiber, Fat, Fatty Acids, Cholesterol, Protein, and Amino Acids BEEp (kcal/d) TEE (kcal/d) TEE/kg BMRo/kg BMRp/kg 384 635 89.2 70.2 54.0 524 592 63.5 59.4 56.3 398 689 93.5 68.1 54.1 465 566 68.0 56.9 55.9 391 578 80.0 58.5 54.0 380 448 63.6 59.2 53.9 454 577 69.4 54.4 54.6 499 657 72.3 57.2 54.9 440 464 58.7 61.6 55.7 435 603 75.4 55.5 54.4 511 555 61.0 54.3 56.2 404 448 60.0 54.4 54.2 373 486 70.2 61.4 53.8 354 598 92.5 63.9 54.8 437 541 68.9 56.7 55.6 424 750 96.0 61.1 54.3 472 657 77.9 63.8 55.9 448 736 91.6 66.2 55.7 399 436 59.0 57.6 54.1 404 598 82.0 59.1 55.4 355 443 66.8 59.4 53.6 470 734 87.3 62.9 55.9 412 748 98.4 64.0 54.2 458 625 74.5 57.8 54.6 484 662 74.9 59.1 54.8 467 739 88.4 53.3 55.9 478 725 83.1 54.4 54.8 459 732 89.0 67.4 55.8 446 554 67.7 60.7 54.5 406 654 89.1 67.9 55.4 446 686 83.8 62.8 54.5 601 803 75.7 58.5 56.6 524 523 55.0 52.2 55.0 389 593 82.3 65.7 54.0 513 699 74.9 63.4 55.0 454 764 91.8 NA 54.6 434 543 68.1 64.0 54.4 564 964 96.5 56.6 56.5 490 727 81.4 53.6 54.8 504 804 87.6 60.3 54.9 572 786 76.0 55.1 55.3 429 560 71.0 61.4 54.4 517 850 92.4 61.0 56.2 444 618 77.5 NA 55.7 448 712 86.6 52.8 54.5

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Dietary Reference Intakes for Energy, Carbohydrate, Fiber, Fat, Fatty Acids, Cholesterol, Protein, and Amino Acids RR Sex Age (y) Height (m) Weight (kg) BMI BEEo (kcal/d) 3 M 0.74 0.70 10.0 20.2 503 3 F 0.74 0.70 8.0 16.4 526 3 F 0.74 0.73 9.3 17.6 510 3 F 0.74 0.71 9.4 18.7 609 3 F 0.75 0.69 8.9 18.5 563 3 M 0.75 0.68 7.4 16.3 470 3 M 0.75 0.70 8.1 16.6 490 3 M 0.75 0.73 8.8 16.7 594 3 M 0.75 0.73 9.0 17.2 596 3 F 0.75 0.70 7.5 15.3 428 3 F 0.75 0.70 8.6 17.5 500 2 M 0.75 0.71 8.6 17.0 497 3 F 0.75 0.75 9.8 17.4 551 3 F 0.76 0.71 8.6 17.0 526 3 F 0.76 0.68 8.2 17.7 435 3 F 0.76 0.70 8.2 16.9 537 3 M 0.76 0.73 9.6 17.9 433 3 M 0.76 0.71 8.5 16.8 547 3 F 0.76 0.69 8.0 16.7 NR 3 F 0.76 0.72 9.1 17.5 NR 3 M 0.76 0.73 9.1 17.4 594 3 M 0.76 0.71 9.9 19.6 NR 3 F 0.76 0.70 9.4 19.1 557 3 M 0.76 0.75 8.5 15.4 547 3 F 0.77 0.71 7.4 15.0 459 3 F 0.77 0.70 8.1 16.4 481 3 F 0.77 0.70 8.8 17.9 447 3 F 0.77 0.73 8.6 16.4 610 3 F 0.77 0.69 8.3 17.4 492 3 F 0.77 0.73 8.8 16.3 508 3 M 0.77 0.72 9.0 17.6 566 3 M 0.78 0.71 8.0 15.7 541 3 F 0.78 0.70 8.4 17.0 479 3 M 0.79 0.73 9.5 17.7 592 3 F 0.79 0.71 9.0 17.8 507 3 M 0.82 0.74 9.2 17.0 628 3 F 0.92 0.75 9.2 16.5 NR 4 M 0.97 0.72 8.8 17.1 NR 4 M 0.98 0.75 9.0 15.8 609 4 F 0.98 0.75 9.8 17.4 624 4 F 0.98 0.72 10.3 20.2 NR 4 M 0.98 0.75 8.8 15.9 564 4 F 0.99 0.80 10.6 16.7 641 4 M 0.99 0.77 9.9 16.7 594 4 M 0.99 0.77 11.7 20.0 615 4 F 0.99 0.77 10.0 17.2 617

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Dietary Reference Intakes for Energy, Carbohydrate, Fiber, Fat, Fatty Acids, Cholesterol, Protein, and Amino Acids BEEp (kcal/d) TEE (kcal/d) TEE/kg BMRo/kg BMRp/kg 557 879 89.1 51.0 56.4 437 585 72.9 65.6 54.4 512 788 84.8 54.8 55.0 520 751 79.5 64.5 55.0 486 725 81.8 63.5 54.8 412 758 102.0 63.2 55.4 454 747 91.8 60.2 55.8 496 711 80.4 67.2 56.1 508 492 54.4 65.9 56.2 407 609 81.1 57.1 54.2 469 649 75.7 58.4 54.7 478 620 72.6 58.1 56.0 540 698 71.3 56.3 55.1 472 620 71.9 61.1 54.7 449 576 69.9 52.7 54.6 450 539 65.4 65.1 54.6 538 610 63.8 45.3 56.3 475 670 78.9 64.4 55.9 435 786 98.3 NA 54.4 500 662 72.7 NA 54.9 513 764 83.6 65.0 56.2 559 840 84.8 NA 56.4 516 923 98.4 59.3 55.0 478 727 85.1 64.1 56.0 402 558 75.1 61.7 54.1 440 574 71.2 59.6 54.5 480 605 69.0 51.0 54.8 473 780 90.2 70.6 54.7 455 627 75.2 59.0 54.6 480 509 58.1 58.0 54.8 506 802 88.9 62.7 56.2 447 654 81.5 67.4 55.7 458 744 88.7 57.0 54.6 533 754 79.6 62.5 56.3 491 656 73.3 56.7 54.8 519 674 73.1 68.1 56.2 508 582 63.0 NA 55.0 491 751 85.6 NA 56.0 503 812 90.6 67.9 56.1 550 754 77.1 63.8 55.1 572 778 75.2 NA 55.3 494 539 61.1 64.0 56.1 585 852 80.6 60.6 55.4 556 705 71.6 60.2 56.4 666 911 77.8 52.5 56.9 555 839 83.5 61.3 55.2

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Dietary Reference Intakes for Energy, Carbohydrate, Fiber, Fat, Fatty Acids, Cholesterol, Protein, and Amino Acids RR Sex Age (y) Height (m) Weight (kg) BMI BEEo (kcal/d) 4 F 0.99 0.78 9.5 15.6 556 4 F 0.99 0.79 10.3 16.6 649 4 F 0.99 0.74 9.9 18.0 639 4 F 0.99 0.71 8.9 17.4 638 4 M 0.99 0.74 10.8 19.8 649 4 F 0.99 0.75 9.1 16.2 588 4 M 0.99 0.77 10.2 17.2 592 4 F 0.99 0.76 10.5 18.4 510 4 F 1.00 0.74 9.9 18.3 579 4 M 1.00 0.74 8.8 16.1 605 4 M 1.00 0.81 10.6 16.3 571 4 F 1.00 0.74 8.9 16.1 NR 4 M 1.00 0.75 9.4 16.8 593 4 F 1.00 0.71 8.8 17.4 456 4 F 1.00 0.75 8.9 15.8 NR 4 M 1.00 0.76 9.6 16.5 641 4 F 1.01 0.75 8.2 14.5 553 4 M 1.01 0.75 10.2 18.0 581 4 F 1.01 0.74 8.9 16.1 611 4 M 1.01 0.78 10.0 16.3 530 4 F 1.01 0.77 9.8 16.6 604 4 F 1.01 0.77 10.6 18.1 589 4 M 1.01 0.75 9.8 17.3 660 4 F 1.01 0.75 8.9 15.9 NR 4 M 1.01 0.75 8.8 15.8 NR 4 F 1.01 0.72 8.9 17.1 530 4 M 1.02 0.76 10.3 17.8 646 4 F 1.02 0.73 9.1 17.3 641 4 M 1.02 0.77 9.9 16.8 640 4 M 1.02 0.75 11.1 19.4 750 4 F 1.02 0.76 10.0 17.4 609 4 F 1.02 0.76 9.5 16.4 593 4 F 1.03 0.74 9.2 16.9 612 4 F 1.03 0.76 10.9 18.8 580 4 F 1.03 0.79 9.8 15.8 689 4 F 1.04 0.78 9.6 15.9 541 4 M 1.04 0.73 8.4 15.9 612 4 F 1.04 0.79 10.8 17.2 NR 4 F 1.04 0.78 9.7 16.1 599 3 M 1.06 0.75 9.9 17.6 660 4 F 1.07 0.75 8.6 15.4 543 4 F 1.16 0.78 10.1 16.6 573 5 M 1.44 0.84 11.0 15.7 731 5 F 1.45 0.85 12.4 17.2 859 5 M 1.45 0.84 11.2 15.9 568

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Dietary Reference Intakes for Energy, Carbohydrate, Fiber, Fat, Fatty Acids, Cholesterol, Protein, and Amino Acids Sex Age (y) Height (m) Weight (kg) BMI F 27.0 1.64 85.4 31.8 F 27.0 1.63 68.5 25.8 F 27.0 1.64 75.3 28.0 F 27.0 1.73 93.5 31.3 F 27.1 1.73 86.5 28.9 F 27.5 1.57 64.3 26.0 F 27.7 1.56 67.5 27.9 F 27.8 1.70 100.2 34.5 F 28.2 1.61 80.6 31.1 F 28.7 1.74 76.5 25.3 F 29.0 1.64 86.1 32.0 F 29.0 1.59 64.9 25.7 F 29.0 1.62 86.6 33.0 F 29.1 1.74 82.0 27.2 F 29.5 1.57 79.4 32.4 F 30.0 1.74 86.3 28.4 F 30.1 1.58 71.8 28.6 F 30.2 1.60 76.9 30.1 F 30.9 1.55 63.1 26.2 F 30.9 1.68 82.5 29.3 F 31.0 1.55 62.9 26.2 F 31.0 1.68 94.5 33.5 F 31.0 1.60 74.8 29.2 F 31.2 1.70 73.1 25.2 F 31.3 1.66 86.4 31.5 F 31.8 1.70 102.2 35.4 F 32.0 1.60 74.9 29.3 F 32.0 1.60 73.8 28.8 F 32.0 1.64 70.3 26.1 F 32.0 1.63 116.9 44.0 F 32.0 1.67 74.1 26.6 F 32.6 1.65 102.5 37.8 F 33.0 1.61 74.2 28.6 F 33.0 1.65 83.6 30.7 F 33.0 1.73 78.2 26.2 F 33.5 1.65 72.8 26.8 F 34.0 1.69 79.6 27.9 F 34.0 1.66 79.8 29.0 F 34.0 1.69 75.7 26.5 F 34.0 1.70 77.5 26.8 F 35.0 1.67 120.1 43.1 F 35.0 1.68 97.5 34.5 F 35.0 1.65 90.3 33.2 F 35.1 1.68 97.8 34.6 F 35.2 1.62 74.8 28.4 F 35.3 1.63 72.8 27.4

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Dietary Reference Intakes for Energy, Carbohydrate, Fiber, Fat, Fatty Acids, Cholesterol, Protein, and Amino Acids BEEo (kcal/d) TEE PALo PALCAT 1,685 2,703 1.60 A 1,300 2,165 1.67 A 1,288 2,739 2.13 VA 1,857 2,754 1.48 LA 1,465 2,569 1.75 A 1,261 2,326 1.84 A 1,271 1,613 1.27 S 1,379 3,080 2.23 VA 1,474 2,749 1.87 A 1,297 2,497 1.92 VA 1,601 2,526 1.58 LA 1,396 2,412 1.73 A 1,721 3,609 2.10 VA 1,501 2,882 1.92 VA 1,315 2,452 1.86 A 1,574 3,009 1.91 VA 1,402 2,811 2.00 VA 1,390 2,699 1.94 VA 1,386 2,298 1.66 A 1,525 1,694 1.11 S 1,410 2,065 1.46 LA 1,721 3,035 1.76 A 1,360 2,952 2.17 VA 1,653 3,072 1.86 A 1,569 2,967 1.89 A 1,843 3,230 1.75 A 1,599 2,365 1.48 LA 1,615 2,576 1.60 LA 1,350 2,306 1.71 A 1,900 3,384 1.78 A 1,692 3,411 2.02 VA 1,731 3,317 1.92 VA 1,348 2,490 1.85 A 1,793 3,317 1.85 A 1,444 2,996 2.08 VA 1,546 2,628 1.70 A 1,582 2,684 1.70 A 1,556 3,033 1.95 VA 1,427 2,865 2.01 VA 1,352 2,894 2.14 VA 2,302 3,031 1.32 S 1,759 2,911 1.65 A 1,635 2,964 1.81 A 1,446 2,675 1.85 A 1,558 2,980 1.91 VA 1,548 2,793 1.80 A

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Dietary Reference Intakes for Energy, Carbohydrate, Fiber, Fat, Fatty Acids, Cholesterol, Protein, and Amino Acids Sex Age (y) Height (m) Weight (kg) BMI F 35.8 1.69 72.0 25.3 F 36.0 1.71 96.6 33.0 F 37.0 1.69 84.0 29.4 F 37.0 1.62 86.6 33.0 F 37.0 1.62 94.8 36.1 F 37.0 1.70 77.6 26.9 F 38.0 1.70 113.9 39.4 F 38.0 1.64 90.4 33.6 F 39.0 1.59 79.7 31.5 F 39.0 1.65 94.0 34.5 F 39.3 1.60 76.4 29.9 F 40.0 1.67 80.3 28.8 F 40.0 1.63 140.6 52.9 F 41.0 1.72 98.6 33.3 F 41.0 1.80 103.5 31.9 F 42.0 1.72 163.5 55.3 F 42.0 1.63 70.1 26.4 F 43.0 1.60 85.6 33.4 F 44.0 1.67 80.8 29.0 F 44.0 1.80 105.5 32.6 F 44.0 1.70 84.0 29.1 F 45.0 1.70 89.9 31.1 F 47.0 1.54 72.6 30.6 F 48.0 1.76 97.3 31.4 F 49.0 1.63 83.9 31.6 F 52.0 1.68 71.4 25.3 F 53.0 1.70 84.4 29.2 F 53.0 1.65 73.9 27.1 F 54.0 1.57 101.6 41.2 F 54.0 1.64 93.8 34.9 F 54.0 1.63 135.2 50.9 F 55.0 1.67 111.6 40.0 F 55.0 1.59 76.0 30.1 F 55.0 1.54 62.0 26.0 F 55.0 1.72 88.5 29.9 F 55.0 1.69 81.4 28.5 F 56.0 1.71 92.5 31.6 F 56.0 1.66 73.3 26.6 F 56.0 1.64 68.9 25.4 F 56.0 1.62 114.0 43.4 F 56.0 1.57 76.8 31.1 F 56.0 1.68 88.0 31.0 F 56.0 1.57 68.2 27.6 F 56.0 1.68 71.2 25.2 F 56.0 1.71 73.8 25.2 F 57.0 1.50 56.5 25.1

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Dietary Reference Intakes for Energy, Carbohydrate, Fiber, Fat, Fatty Acids, Cholesterol, Protein, and Amino Acids BEEo (kcal/d) TEE PALo PALCAT 1,454 2,635 1.81 A 1,702 2,674 1.57 LA 1,630 2,507 1.54 LA 1,611 2,734 1.70 A 1,642 3,121 1.90 VA 1,267 2,746 2.17 VA 1,697 2,813 1.66 A 1,683 3,172 1.88 A 1,730 2,357 1.36 S 1,900 2,887 1.52 LA 1,291 2,607 2.02 VA 1,494 2,514 1.68 A 1,764 3,112 1.76 A 1,867 2,947 1.58 LA 1,745 3,466 1.99 VA 2,576 4,391 1.70 A 1,315 2,701 2.05 VA 1,793 3,578 2.00 VA 1,508 2,550 1.69 A 1,879 3,466 1.84 A 1,484 3,105 2.09 VA 1,745 2,486 1.42 LA 1,362 2,495 1.83 A 1,659 2,978 1.80 A 1,554 2,665 1.72 A 1,221 1,979 1.62 A 1,319 2,125 1.61 A 1,276 2,311 1.81 A 1,480 2,160 1.46 LA 1,480 2,599 1.76 A 1,695 3,028 1.79 A 1,520 2,039 1.34 S 1,200 2,007 1.67 A 1,416 2,432 1.72 A 1,522 2,689 1.77 A 1,507 3,255 2.16 VA 1,650 2,307 1.40 S 1,424 2,002 1.41 LA 1,475 2,479 1.68 A 1,510 2,555 1.69 A 1,414 2,421 1.71 A 1,439 2,489 1.73 A 1,307 2,419 1.85 A 1,353 2,565 1.90 A 1,180 2,706 2.29 VA 1,207 1,471 1.22 S

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Dietary Reference Intakes for Energy, Carbohydrate, Fiber, Fat, Fatty Acids, Cholesterol, Protein, and Amino Acids Sex Age (y) Height (m) Weight (kg) BMI F 57.0 1.58 72.0 28.8 F 57.0 1.68 74.5 26.5 F 57.0 1.58 74.1 29.7 F 57.0 1.63 68.5 25.8 F 58.0 1.71 86.8 29.7 F 58.0 1.58 75.7 30.3 F 59.0 1.70 106.8 37.0 F 59.0 1.50 94.0 41.8 F 60.0 1.54 63.8 26.9 F 60.0 1.66 99.1 36.0 F 60.0 1.79 83.5 26.1 F 60.0 1.70 73.2 25.3 F 60.0 1.72 93.3 31.5 F 60.0 1.55 60.1 25.0 F 61.0 1.69 86.5 30.3 F 61.0 1.48 99.4 45.4 F 61.0 1.67 97.4 34.9 F 61.0 1.62 69.0 26.3 F 62.0 1.56 75.8 31.1 F 62.0 1.60 103.4 40.4 F 62.0 1.62 81.6 31.1 F 62.0 1.64 73.4 27.3 F 62.0 1.62 70.3 26.6 F 63.0 1.50 74.4 33.1 F 63.0 1.62 73.0 27.8 F 63.0 1.66 87.7 31.8 F 63.0 1.64 80.6 30.0 F 63.0 1.62 112.0 42.7 F 64.0 1.57 83.2 33.8 F 64.0 1.59 69.3 27.4 F 64.0 1.64 69.2 25.7 F 64.0 1.59 79.2 31.3 F 64.0 1.71 74.4 25.4 F 64.0 1.50 60.4 26.7 F 64.0 1.64 78.3 29.1 F 64.0 1.61 72.0 27.8 F 65.0 1.68 120.6 42.7 F 65.0 1.63 80.1 30.1 F 65.0 1.57 73.5 29.8 F 65.0 1.56 74.8 30.7 F 65.0 1.52 61.1 26.4 F 65.0 1.55 63.8 26.5 F 65.0 1.52 62.1 26.7 F 66.0 1.66 73.5 26.7 F 66.0 1.57 62.8 25.5 F 67.0 1.60 74.7 29.2

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Dietary Reference Intakes for Energy, Carbohydrate, Fiber, Fat, Fatty Acids, Cholesterol, Protein, and Amino Acids BEEo (kcal/d) TEE PALo PALCAT 1,390 1,698 1.22 S 1,266 2,106 1.66 A 1,209 2,221 1.84 A 1,138 2,315 2.03 VA 1,860 2,314 1.24 S 1,348 2,143 1.59 LA 1,540 2,536 1.65 A 1,520 2,751 1.81 A 1,123 1,276 1.14 S 1,670 2,198 1.32 S 1,351 2,108 1.56 LA 1,382 2,243 1.62 A 1,526 2,717 1.78 A 1,080 1,958 1.81 A 1,640 2,114 1.29 S 1,370 1,904 1.39 S 1,500 2,166 1.44 LA 1,090 1,716 1.57 LA 1,510 1,619 1.07 S 1,440 2,034 1.41 LA 1,370 2,399 1.75 A 1,135 2,057 1.81 A 1,305 2,537 1.94 VA 1,550 1,794 1.16 S 1,270 1,766 1.39 S 1,594 2,290 1.44 LA 1,439 2,218 1.54 LA 1,610 2,510 1.56 LA 1,740 2,106 1.21 S 1,252 1,644 1.31 S 1,301 1,934 1.49 LA 1,370 2,058 1.50 LA 1,360 2,224 1.64 A 1,089 1,830 1.68 A 1,341 2,302 1.72 A 1,296 2,354 1.82 A 1,840 2,066 1.12 S 1,339 1,634 1.22 S 1,210 1,667 1.38 S 1,235 1,791 1.45 LA 1,132 1,716 1.52 LA 1,304 2,036 1.56 LA 1,194 1,976 1.66 A 1,367 2,079 1.52 LA 1,245 1,991 1.60 LA 1,397 2,190 1.57 LA

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Dietary Reference Intakes for Energy, Carbohydrate, Fiber, Fat, Fatty Acids, Cholesterol, Protein, and Amino Acids Sex Age (y) Height (m) Weight (kg) BMI F 67.0 1.62 80.5 30.7 F 67.0 1.55 65.7 27.3 F 68.0 1.65 81.8 30.0 F 68.0 1.61 66.6 25.7 F 68.0 1.63 79.0 29.7 F 69.0 1.64 79.5 29.6 F 69.0 1.64 81.4 30.3 F 69.0 1.58 71.0 28.4 F 70.0 1.66 76.2 27.7 F 70.0 1.46 53.4 25.1 F 70.0 1.67 79.2 28.4 F 70.0 1.58 74.8 30.0 F 71.0 1.55 66.5 27.7 F 71.0 1.65 85.5 31.4 F 72.0 1.55 73.6 30.6 F 73.0 1.50 58.8 26.1 F 73.0 1.63 68.5 25.8 F 74.0 1.60 64.4 25.2 F 75.0 1.57 63.4 25.7 F 76.0 1.60 68.0 26.6 F 76.0 1.64 67.8 25.2 F 76.0 1.57 76.5 31.0 F 77.0 1.62 68.1 25.9 F 78.0 1.59 66.4 26.3 F 78.0 1.49 65.4 29.4 F 79.0 1.56 78.6 32.3 F 79.0 1.46 60.8 28.5 F 80.0 1.62 68.7 26.2 F 81.0 1.53 62.1 26.5 F 84.0 1.43 52.5 25.7 F 86.0 1.58 66.0 26.4 F 88.0 1.54 63.5 26.8 F 89.0 1.55 64.2 26.7 F 91.0 1.76 79.6 25.8 F 93.0 1.61 70.0 27.0 F 94.0 1.63 74.0 27.9 F 95.0 1.50 72.3 32.1 F 95.0 1.52 63.0 27.3 F 95.0 1.67 80.0 28.7 F 96.0 1.72 85.0 28.7 NOTE: BEEo = basal energy expenditure (BEE) as observed in the study, TEE = total energy expenditure, PALo = physical activity level (PAL) as observed in the study, PALCAT = PAL category (S = sedentary, LA = low active, A = active, VA = very active), M= male, F = female.

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Dietary Reference Intakes for Energy, Carbohydrate, Fiber, Fat, Fatty Acids, Cholesterol, Protein, and Amino Acids BEEo (kcal/d) TEE PALo PALCAT 1,522 2,412 1.58 LA 1,319 2,141 1.62 A 1,426 2,224 1.56 LA 1,145 2,237 1.95 VA 1,253 2,543 2.03 VA 1,845 2,138 1.16 S 1,270 1,610 1.27 S 1,465 2,282 1.56 LA 1,300 1,838 1.41 LA 1,051 1,756 1.67 A 1,250 2,295 1.84 A 1,331 3,091 2.32 VA 1,274 1,403 1.10 S 1,410 2,217 1.57 LA 1,230 1,966 1.60 LA 1,221 1,547 1.27 S 1,250 1,699 1.36 S 1,195 1,918 1.60 A 1,230 2,105 1.71 A 1,331 1,709 1.28 S 1,180 1,557 1.32 S 1,170 1,889 1.61 A 1,362 2,285 1.68 A 1,235 1,537 1.24 S 1,181 1,556 1.32 S 1,120 1,554 1.39 S 1,120 1,579 1.41 LA 1,140 2,403 2.11 VA 1,440 1,846 1.28 S 910 1,017 1.12 S 1,434 1,929 1.34 S 1,152 1,809 1.57 LA 1,319 1,484 1.12 S 1,432 2,180 1.52 LA 1,350 1,463 1.08 S 1,439 2,055 1.43 LA 1,403 1,477 1.05 S 1,269 1,946 1.53 LA 1,083 1,671 1.54 LA 1,348 1,568 1.16 S

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Dietary Reference Intakes for Energy, Carbohydrate, Fiber, Fat, Fatty Acids, Cholesterol, Protein, and Amino Acids TABLE I-8 Coefficients and Standard Errors (SE) for the Prediction of Total Energy Expenditure (TEE) in Normal-Weight Children 3 Through 18 Years of Age with Body Mass Index ≥ 3rd and < 85th Percentile TEE Fits Males Females Coefficient SE (asym) Coefficient SE (asym) A:Constant 88.5 110.8 135.3 82.8 B:Age coefficient −61.9 7.0 −30.8 5.4 C2 1.13 0.01 1.16 0.02 C3 1.26 0.02 1.31 0.03 C4 1.42 0.03 1.56 0.04 D:Weight coefficient 26.7 1.75 10.0 1.16 E:Height coefficient 903 124.8 934 91.1 Number 167 358 SE fit 82.8 96.7 R squared 0.98 0.95 TABLE I-9 Coefficients and Standard Errors (SE) for the Prediction of Total Energy Expenditure (TEE) in Normal-Weight Men and Women 19 Years of Age and Older with Body Mass Index ≥ 18.5 and < 25 kg/m2 TEE Fits Males Females Coefficient SE (asym) Coefficient SE (asym) A:Constant 661.8 722.7 354.1 451.0 B:Age coefficient −9.53 1.24 −6.91 0.91 C2 1.11 0.06 1.12 0.05 C3 1.25 0.10 1.27 0.08 C4 1.48 0.17 1.45 0.12 D:Weight coefficient 15.91 3.50 9.36 2.53 E:Height coefficient 539.6 439.2 726 298 Number 169 238 SE fit 284.5 231.6 R squared 0.75 0.74

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Dietary Reference Intakes for Energy, Carbohydrate, Fiber, Fat, Fatty Acids, Cholesterol, Protein, and Amino Acids TABLE I-10 Coefficients and Standard Errors (SE) for the Prediction of Total Energy Expenditure (TEE) in Overweight/ Obese Men and Women 19 Years of Age and Older with Body Mass Index ≥ 25 kg/m2 TEE Fits Males Females Coefficient SE (asym) Coefficient SE (asym) A:Constant 1,085.6 666.7 447.6 433.8 B:Age coefficient −10.08 1.68 −7.95 1.03 C2 1.12 0.06 1.16 0.05 C3 1.29 0.10 1.27 0.07 C4 1.59 0.19 1.44 0.11 D:Weight coefficient 13.7 1.30 11.4 0.98 E:Height coefficient 416 324 619 249 Number 165 195 SE fit 296.6 228.2 R squared 0.84 0.83 TABLE I-11 Coefficients and Standard Errors (SE) for the Prediction of Total Energy Expenditure (TEE) in Normal and Overweight/Obese Men and Women 19 Years of Age and Older with Body Mass Index ≥ 18.5 kg/m2 TEE Fits Males Females Coefficient SE (asym) Coefficient SE (asym) A:Constant 864.1 445.3 386.5 297.5 B:Age coefficient −9.72 0.96 −7.31 0.66 C2 1.12 0.04 1.14 0.03 C3 1.27 0.07 1.27 0.05 C4 1.54 0.11 1.45 0.08 D:Weight coefficient 14.2 0.92 10.9 0.65 E:Height coefficient 503.0 220.8 660.7 166.4 Number 334 433 SE fit 288.0 229.1 R squared 0.82 0.79

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Dietary Reference Intakes for Energy, Carbohydrate, Fiber, Fat, Fatty Acids, Cholesterol, Protein, and Amino Acids TABLE I-12 Coefficients and Standard Errors (SE) for the Prediction of Total Energy Expenditure (TEE) in Overweight/Obese Boys and Girls 3 Through 18 Years of Age with Body Mass Index ≥ 85th Percentile TEE Fits Males Females Coefficient SE (asym) Coefficient SE (asym) A:Constant 59.9 173.9 464.0 115.3 B:Age coefficient −84.9 12.1 −43.4 7.42 C2 1.12 0.02 1.18 0.02 C3 1.21 0.03 1.35 0.04 C4 1.52 0.06 1.63 0.07 D:Weight coefficient 21.6 1.27 15.0 0.92 E:Height coefficient 1,153 194.6 679.8 120.0 Number 127 192 SE fit 99.0 107.1 R squared 0.96 0.96 TABLE I-13 Coefficients and Standard Errors (SE) for the Prediction of Total Energy Expenditure (TEE) in Normal and Overweight/Obese Children 3 Through 18 Years of Age with Body Mass Index ≥ 3rd Percentile TEE Fits Males Females Coefficient SE (asym) Coefficient SE (asym) A:Constant −114.1 98.2 389.2 62.9 B:Age coefficient −50.9 5.61 −41.2 3.64 C2 1.12 0.01 1.18 0.01 C3 1.24 0.02 1.35 0.02 C4 1.45 0.03 1.60 0.04 D:Weight coefficient 19.5 0.74 15.0 0.44 E:Height coefficient 1,161.4 111.8 701.6 67.3 Number 127 192 Number 294 549 SE fit 95.2 100.7 R squared 0.97 0.96

Representative terms from entire chapter:

total energy